Alexander Leonidovich Dvorkin (; born 20 August 1955 in

Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...

) is a Russian anti-cult activist. From 1999 to 2012 he was professor and head of the department of the study of new religious movements (cults) at

Saint Tikhon's Orthodox University Patriarch Tikhon of Moscow, Saint Tikhon's Orthodox University of Humanities () in Moscow, Russia is a coeducational theology, theological university for the laity affiliated with the Russian Orthodox Church. The university, established in 1991, ...

. He is currently professor of department of

missiology Missiology is the academic study of the Christian mission history and methodology. It began to be developed as an academic discipline in the 19th century. Definition Broadly speaking, missiology is "an interdisciplinary field of inquiry into Ch ...

at that university.

Education

Dvorkin received his

secondary education Secondary education is the education level following primary education and preceding tertiary education. Level 2 or ''lower secondary education'' (less commonly ''junior secondary education'') is considered the second and final phase of basic e ...

at schools No. 25, 91 and 112 in

. After graduation from school grade 10, in 1972, he became a student in the Faculty of

Russian Russian(s) may refer to: *Russians (), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *A citizen of Russia *Russian language, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages *''The Russians'', a b ...

Language and Literature of Moscow Pedagogical Institute. During his studies he joined the

hippy A hippie, also spelled hippy, especially in British English, is someone associated with the counterculture of the mid-1960s to early 1970s, originally a youth movement that began in the United States and spread to different countries around the w ...

movement. Dvorkin sets out two completely different versions of why he never graduated from the institute. *According to Dvorkin's book ''Teachers and Lessons: Memories, Stories, Reflections'' (), together with the like-minded people, he prepared a work that was demonstrated on 20 September 1975 at an exhibition of

avant-garde art In the arts and literature, the term ''avant-garde'' ( meaning or ) identifies an experimental genre or work of art, and the artist who created it, which usually is aesthetically innovative, whilst initially being ideologically unacceptable t ...

ists in one of the pavilions of the VDNKh; about this work and its authors – a group of hippies called "Hair", to which Dvorkin was close – American magazine ''Time'' responded positively. Consequently, in Fall 1975, Dvorkin was expelled from the third year of the institute "for believers incompatible with those that should be in the future

Soviet The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

teacher". *According to Dvorkin's book ''My America'' (), he was not admitted to the fifth examination session and was expelled from the institute for poor academic performance and non-attendance in early 1975. Remembering the exhibitions, he does not name them among the reasons for exclusion. On 6 March 1977 Dvorkin emigrated from the USSR on an Israeli visa. He did not go to

Israel Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Isr ...

, but went to the

United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...

. He worked as a

courier A courier is a person or organization that delivers a message, package or letter from one place or person to another place or person. Typically, a courier provides their courier service on a commercial contract basis; however, some couriers are ...

waiter Waiting staff (British English, BrE), waiters () / waitresses (), or servers (AmE) are those who work at a restaurant, a diner, or a Bar (establishment), bar and sometimes in private homes, attending to customers by supplying them with food an ...

copyist A copyist is a person who makes duplications of the same thing. The modern use of the term is mainly confined to music copyists, who are employed by the music industry to produce neat copies from a composer or arranger's manuscript. However, the ...

. In 1978, Dvorkin became a student at

Hunter College Hunter College is a public university in New York City, United States. It is one of the constituent colleges of the City University of New York and offers studies in more than one hundred undergraduate and postgraduate fields across five schools ...

, where he continued to study

Russian literature Russian literature refers to the literature of Russia, its Russian diaspora, émigrés, and to Russian language, Russian-language literature. Major contributors to Russian literature, as well as English for instance, are authors of different e ...

. Dvorkin was

baptized Baptism (from ) is a Christian sacrament of initiation almost invariably with the use of water. It may be performed by sprinkling or pouring water on the head, or by immersing in water either partially or completely, traditionally three ...

on 19 January 1980 in Christ the Savior Church, a

New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York New York may also refer to: Places United Kingdom * ...

parish A parish is a territorial entity in many Christianity, Christian denominations, constituting a division within a diocese. A parish is under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of a priest#Christianity, priest, often termed a parish pries ...

of the

Orthodox Church in America The Orthodox Church in America (OCA) is an Eastern Orthodox Christian church based in North America. The OCA consists of more than 700 parishes, missions, communities, monasteries and institutions in the United States, Canada and Mexico. In ...

. Dvorkin graduated with a

Bachelor of Arts A Bachelor of Arts (abbreviated B.A., BA, A.B. or AB; from the Latin ', ', or ') is the holder of a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate program in the liberal arts, or, in some cases, other disciplines. A Bachelor of Arts deg ...

Russian Literature Russian literature refers to the literature of Russia, its Russian diaspora, émigrés, and to Russian language, Russian-language literature. Major contributors to Russian literature, as well as English for instance, are authors of different e ...

from

in 1980. The same year, he became a student of

Saint Vladimir's Orthodox Theological Seminary St. Vladimir’s Orthodox Theological Seminary (SVOTS) is an Eastern Orthodox seminary in Yonkers, New York. It is chartered under the State University of New York and accredited by the Association of Theological Schools. It is a pan-Eastern Or ...

Crestwood, New York Crestwood is a neighborhood in Yonkers, New York. Located in northeastern Yonkers, Crestwood is separated by the Bronx River from the village of Tuckahoe. Because the majority of Crestwood is served by the Tuckahoe post office, many residents ...

, graduating with a

Master of Divinity For graduate-level theological institutions, the Master of Divinity (MDiv, ''magister divinitatis'' in Latin) is the first professional degree of the pastoral profession in North America. It is the most common academic degree in seminaries and ...

in theology in 1983 with thesis titled "Life, personality and ideas of Sergius Stragorodsky, Bishop of Yamburgh and Archbishop of Vyborgh and Finland (later patriarch of Moscow and all Russia) before 1917". In 1984, Dvorkin received

American citizenship Citizenship of the United States is a legal status that entails Americans with specific rights, duties, protections, and benefits in the United States. It serves as a foundation of fundamental rights derived from and protected by the Consti ...

. In 1984, he enrolled in

doctoral A doctorate (from Latin ''doctor'', meaning "teacher") or doctoral degree is a postgraduate academic degree awarded by universities and some other educational institutions, derived from the ancient formalism '' licentia docendi'' ("licence to teach ...

studies at the Department of

Medieval History In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the 5th to the late 15th centuries, similarly to the post-classical period of World history (field), global history. It began with the fall of the West ...

at the Jesuit-affiliated

independent school A private school or independent school is a school not administered or funded by the government, unlike a State school, public school. Private schools are schools that are not dependent upon national or local government to finance their fina ...

–

Fordham University Fordham University is a Private university, private Society of Jesus, Jesuit research university in New York City, United States. Established in 1841, it is named after the Fordham, Bronx, Fordham neighborhood of the Bronx in which its origina ...

. Dvorkin graduated with a

Ph.D. A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, DPhil; or ) is a terminal degree that usually denotes the highest level of academic achievement in a given discipline and is awarded following a course of graduate study and original research. The name of the deg ...

Medieval studies Medieval studies is the academic interdisciplinary study of the Middle Ages. A historian who studies medieval studies is called a medievalist. Institutional development The term 'medieval studies' began to be adopted by academics in the opening ...

in 1988 with a dissertation titled "

Ivan the Terrible Ivan IV Vasilyevich (; – ), commonly known as Ivan the Terrible,; ; monastic name: Jonah. was Grand Prince of Moscow, Grand Prince of Moscow and all Russia from 1533 to 1547, and the first Tsar of all Russia, Tsar and Grand Prince of all R ...

as a Religious Type". His mentor was

John Meyendorff John Meyendorff (; ; February 17, 1926 – July 22, 1992) was a leading theologian of the Orthodox Church of America as well as a writer and teacher. He served as the dean of St. Vladimir's Orthodox Theological Seminary in the United States unt ...

Early career

In late 1988, Dvorkin moved to

Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly known as Washington or D.C., is the capital city and federal district of the United States. The city is on the Potomac River, across from Virginia, and shares land borders with ...

, where he worked at the bureau of the

Voice of America Voice of America (VOA or VoA) is an international broadcasting network funded by the federal government of the United States that by law has editorial independence from the government. It is the largest and oldest of the American internation ...

radio station. At the same time, he became the

subdeacon Subdeacon is a minor orders, minor order of ministry for men or women in various branches of Christianity. The subdeacon has a specific liturgical role and is placed below the deacon and above the acolyte in the order of precedence. Subdeacons in ...

and

altar server An altar server is a laity, lay assistant to a member of the clergy during a Christian liturgy. An altar server attends to supporting tasks at the altar such as fetching and carrying, ringing the altar bell, helping bring up the gifts, and bringi ...

Bishop A bishop is an ordained member of the clergy who is entrusted with a position of Episcopal polity, authority and oversight in a religious institution. In Christianity, bishops are normally responsible for the governance and administration of di ...

in the Washington St. Nicholas Cathedral. In 1991, Dvorkin moved to

Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...

and started working as an editor for

Radio Liberty Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL) is a media organization broadcasting news and analyses in 27 languages to 23 countries across Eastern Europe, Central Asia, the Caucasus, and the Middle East. Headquartered in Prague since 1995, RFE/RL ...

Munich Munich is the capital and most populous city of Bavaria, Germany. As of 30 November 2024, its population was 1,604,384, making it the third-largest city in Germany after Berlin and Hamburg. Munich is the largest city in Germany that is no ...

. Dvorkin's time in America, as well as his reasons for leaving and returning to Russia, are not fully accounted for, fueling rumors about Dvorkin's true allegiances.

Anti-cult activism

Dvorkin returned to Russia on 31 December 1991. In March 1992, he started working in the Synodal Department of Religious Education and

Catechesis Catechesis (; from Greek: , "instruction by word of mouth", generally "instruction") is basic Christian religious education of children and adults, often from a catechism book. It started as education of converts to Christianity, but as the ...

. At this work Dvorkin encountered some

new religious movement A new religious movement (NRM), also known as a new religion, is a religious or Spirituality, spiritual group that has modern origins and is peripheral to its society's dominant religious culture. NRMs can be novel in origin, or they can be part ...

s, primarily the "Mother of God center", a homegrown Russian sect. In 1993, Dvorkin coined the term "totalitarian sect," which would become the catch-all label for new religious movements. The term "totalitarian" played on fears of return to

-era repressions. Dvorkin called

Hitler Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was the dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 until Death of Adolf Hitler, his suicide in 1945. Adolf Hitler's rise to power, He rose to power as the lea ...

along with

Lenin Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov ( 187021 January 1924), better known as Vladimir Lenin, was a Russian revolutionary, politician and political theorist. He was the first head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 until Death and state funeral of ...

"founders of the most evil totalitarian sects". In 1993 Dvorkin founded the first Russian

anti-cult The anti-cult movement, abbreviated ACM and also known as the countercult movement, consists of various governmental and non-governmental organizations and individuals that seek to raise awareness of religious groups that they consider to be ...

organization: Saint Irenaeus of Lyons Information and Advisory Center (Информационно-консультационный центр св. Иринея Лионского) with the blessing of the

Patriarch of Moscow The Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus (), also known as the Patriarch of Moscow and all Russia, is the title of the primate of the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC). It is often preceded by the honorific "His Holiness". As the ordinary of the diocese ...

Patriarch Alexy II Patriarch Alexy II (or Alexius II, ; secular name Aleksei Mikhailovich Ridiger ; 23 February 1929 – 5 December 2008) was the 15th Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus', the primate of the Russian Orthodox Church. Elected Patriarch of Moscow ...

and became its head. Through this center, Dvorkin adapted the Western anti-cult movement to the Russian situation, making his target small organizations, few of whom had any serious presence in Soviet times, and which were easy to marginalize. Many of these organizations have already become targets for Western anti-cultists. Until the

Russian Orthodox Church The Russian Orthodox Church (ROC; ;), also officially known as the Moscow Patriarchate (), is an autocephaly, autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Church, Eastern Orthodox Christian church. It has 194 dioceses inside Russia. The Primate (bishop), p ...

dropped into the opposition with the more mainstream Christian denominations, center personnel tried to cooperate with them. Despite the fact that the center was created under the umbrella of the Russian Orthodox Church, it portrayed superficial

secularism Secularism is the principle of seeking to conduct human affairs based on naturalistic considerations, uninvolved with religion. It is most commonly thought of as the separation of religion from civil affairs and the state and may be broadened ...

, which allowed it to influence both the orthodox and secular audiences. Through the center conferences were organized, brochures were published, and a website was maintained. Dvorkin himself gave lectures and numerous interviews to various media. His role was so great that the anti-cult movement in Russia had been largely defined by him; he was called "the enemy number one of religious extremists". In 2003, the center was renamed the '' Saint Irenaeus of Lyons Center for Religious Studies (Центр религиоведческих исследований во имя священномученика Иринея Лионского)'', with Dvorkin as its president. The center works with Christian countercult organizations in Russia and abroad, being the head center of the Russian Association of Centers for the Study of Religions and Sects. From 2009 to 2021, Dvorkin was vice-president of the

European Federation of Centres of Research and Information on Sectarianism FECRIS (Fédération Européenne des Centres de Recherche et d'Information sur le Sectarisme) – European Federation of Centres of Research and Information on Sectarianism, a French non-profit Voluntary association, association and anti-cult o ...

(FECRIS), an

umbrella organization An umbrella organization is an association of (often related, industry-specific) institutions who work together formally to coordinate activities and/or pool resources. In business, political, and other environments, it provides resources and iden ...

for anti-cult groups in Europe.

Régis Dericquebourg Régis Dericquebourg (born 1947) is a French sociologist of religions. Life Education Dericquebourg studied psychology at the University of Lille. He holds a doctorate in psychosociology with his thesis (1979) on Jehovah's Witnesses entitl ...

"FECRIS: European Federation of Research and Information Centers on Sectarianism"
, in ''Freedom of Religion or Belief — Anti-Sect Movements and State Neutrality — A Case Study: FECRIS'', special issue of ''Religion – Staat – Gesellschaft: Zeitschrift für Glaubensformen und Weltanschauungen'' (''Journal for the Study of Beliefs and Worldviews'', ), 2012/2, p.188–189, After being kicked out from FECRIS he stated that it is "run by cowards and racists." Dvorkin was on the board of FECRIS. Dvorkin has been extremely active in opposing cults and new religious movements through his publications. Between 1999 and 2012 he was professor and head of the department of the study of new religious movements (сектоведения) at

, Moscow, Russia. He is currently a professor in the department of

(миссиологии) at the same university. Dvorkin is a critic of

Scientology Scientology is a set of beliefs and practices invented by the American author L. Ron Hubbard, and an associated movement. It is variously defined as a scam, a Scientology as a business, business, a cult, or a religion. Hubbard initially develo ...

, which he regards as a dangerous cult.

Church of Scientology The Church of Scientology is a group of interconnected corporate entities and other organizations devoted to the practice, administration and dissemination of Scientology, which is variously defined as a cult, a business, or a new religiou ...

-affiliated organizations describe him as an "

anti-religious Antireligion is opposition to religion or traditional religious beliefs and practices. It involves opposition to organized religion, religious practices or religious institutions. The term ''antireligion'' has also been used to describe oppos ...

extremist", and compile negative information about him on their websites. In 1997, Scientology and several other

s sued Dvorkin and the

for

defamation Defamation is a communication that injures a third party's reputation and causes a legally redressable injury. The precise legal definition of defamation varies from country to country. It is not necessarily restricted to making assertions ...

, but their case was dismissed. According to

Yuri Savenko Yuri Sergeevich Savenko () is a Russian psychiatrist, the president since 1989 of the Independent Psychiatric Association of Russia. He is also a member of the Council of Experts of the Russian Commissioner for Human Rights in the Russian Federat ...

, the President of the

Independent Psychiatric Association of Russia The Independent Psychiatric Association of Russia (IPA) () is the sole Russian non-governmental professional organization that makes non-forensic psychiatric expert examination at the request of citizens whose rights have been violated with the us ...

, Dvorkin has claimed that the followers of Nikolai Rerikh as well as

Jehovah's Witnesses Jehovah's Witnesses is a Christian denomination that is an outgrowth of the Bible Student movement founded by Charles Taze Russell in the nineteenth century. The denomination is nontrinitarian, millenarian, and restorationist. Russell co-fou ...

, Scientology,

Hare Krishnas The International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON), commonly known as the Hare Krishna movement, is a religious organization that follows the Gaudiya Vaishnava tradition of Hinduism. It was founded on 13 July 1966 in New York City by ...

, Neo-Pagans, Neo-Pentecostals, and many others are "totalitarian cults". In May 2008, Dvorkin attended a

Sino Sino as a prefix generally refers to: * China * Greater China * Chinese people * Two Chinas * Culture of China * History of China The history of China spans several millennia across a wide geographical area. Each region now considered part ...

-Russian Forum on sect studies in

Beijing Beijing, Chinese postal romanization, previously romanized as Peking, is the capital city of China. With more than 22 million residents, it is the world's List of national capitals by population, most populous national capital city as well as ...

, and in an interview with

Xinhua Xinhua News Agency (English pronunciation: ),J. C. Wells: Longman Pronunciation Dictionary, 3rd ed., for both British and American English or New China News Agency, is the official State media, state news agency of the China, People's Republic ...

he said that "

Falun Gong Falun Gong, also called Falun Dafa, is a new religious movement founded by its leader Li Hongzhi in China in the early 1990s. Falun Gong has its global headquarters in Dragon Springs, a compound in Deerpark, New York, United States, near t ...

practitioners feel they do not belong to any country and act entirely in accordance with Li ongzhi/nowiki>'s will. The cult even gained support from other international cults and from the governments and parliaments of some western countries." And that cults "turn individuals into tools of cults, and destroy their families... Cults make no contribution to the society. But they kept absorbing human resources and wealth from it.... Like cancerous cells, they obtain nutrition from the healthy body of society until it collapses." He also attacked the "Bhagavad-Gita" as an “extremist” book and stated that "We won’t be mistaken if we say that, from the Orthodox viewpoint, Krishna is one of the demons." In addition, as for the prophet of Islam, Dvorkin claimed that "either Mohammed suffered from a disease and it was a delirium vision; or it was a demonic obsession; or, once again, the Byzantine fathers claim that he was a sort of fantasizer who made it all up and then, which he hadn’t expected, his relatives believed in it. But of course, the combinations of all the three are possible as well." The 2009 annual report of the

United States Commission on International Religious Freedom The United States Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) is a U.S. federal government commission created by the International Religious Freedom Act (IRFA) of 1998. USCIRF commissioners are appointed by the president and the lead ...

describes Dvorkin as "Russia‘s most prominent 'anti-cult' activist" who "lacks academic credentials as a religion specialist". The American government claimed in 2018 that "Dvorkin is one of a large network of radical Russian Orthodox activists who have grown considerably in influence over the last 10 years due to the Russian government's increasing patronage of the Russian Orthodox Church and the ussiangovernment's Soviet-era paranoia about the subversive potential of independent religious groups." On 12 April 2016 the

University of Prešov The University of Prešov in Prešov () is the only public university in the Prešov Self-governing Region of Slovakia. It focuses on the areas of social, natural and theological sciences, sport, arts, management, and health care. It was establi ...

awarded Dvorkin an honorary doctorate in theology partly in "appreciation of his work in the academic, religious, social, political and cultural fields, but also san emphasis and concrete manifestation of scientific, social and cultural cooperation by the community of Prešov University in Prešov". He has appeared numerous times on Russian television and many times on television in various

Eastern-European Eastern Europe is a subregion of the European continent. As a largely ambiguous term, it has a wide range of geopolitical, geographical, ethnic, cultural and socio-economic connotations. Its eastern boundary is marked by the Ural Mountains, and i ...

countries.For example his appearance in TV-program "National Interest"
He has written 15 books (on various cults, on

church history Church history or ecclesiastical history as an academic discipline studies the history of Christianity and the way the Christian Church has developed since its inception. Henry Melvill Gwatkin defined church history as "the spiritual side of t ...

as well as

autobiographies An autobiography, sometimes informally called an autobio, is a self-written account of one's own life, providing a personal narrative that reflects on the author's experiences, memories, and insights. This Literary genre, genre allows individua ...

) and was editor-compiler of a further four. He is the author of about 800 articles in 17 languages. He is the author of articles about

new religious movements A new religious movement (NRM), also known as a new religion, is a religious or spiritual group that has modern origins and is peripheral to its society's dominant religious culture. NRMs can be novel in origin, or they can be part of a wider re ...

Great Russian Encyclopedia The ''Great Russian Encyclopedia'' (''GRE''; , БРЭ, transliterated as ''Bolshaya rossiyskaya entsiklopediya'' or academically as ''Bol'šaja rossijskaja ènciklopedija'') is a universal Russian encyclopedia, completed in 36 volumes, publishe ...

and Orthodox Encyclopedia.

Bibliography

Church history and theology

* Dvorkin A. Ivan the Terrible as a Religious Type: a study of the background, genesis and development of the theocratic idea of the first Russian tsar, and his attempts to establish "free autocracy" in Russia. — Erlangen: Erlangen University Press: Oikonomia:Lehrstuhl für Geschichte und Theologie des christlichen Ostens, 1992. — . (in Russian: Дворкин А. Л
Иван Грозный как религиозный тип: ст. и материалы
/ пер. с англ. Ю. С. Терентьев, А. Л. Дворкин. — Н. Новгород: Изд-во Братства во имя Св. Александра Невского, 2005. — 343 с. — .) * Дворкин А. Л. Роль византийско-арагонского тайного союза в подготовке "сицилийской вечерни" III в.// Альфа и Омега. — М., 1994. — № 2. — С. 83-100. * Дворкин А. Л. Идея вселенской теократии в поздней Византии // Альфа и Омега. — М., 1994. — № 1. — С. 57-72. * Дворкин А. Л. Современные Православные Церкви (справка) // Альфа и Омега. — М., 1994. — № 1. — С. 108-115. * Дворкин А. Л. Роль византийско-арагонского тайного союза в подготовке «сицилийской вечерни» // Альфа и Омега. — М., 1994. — № 2. — С. 83-100. * Дворкин А. Л. Ветхий Завет как христианская книга в писаниях св. Иустина, Философа и Мученика // Альфа и Омега. — М., 1994. — № 3. — С. 75-85. * Дворкин А. Л. Об отце Глебе Каледе // Альфа и Омега. — М., 1995. — № 4. — С. 126-134. * Дворкин А. Л. Миссионер: (Жизнь, личность и взгляды Патриарха Сергия (Страгородского): Главы из канд. дис.) // Альфа и Омега. — М., 1995. — № 5. — С. 139-156. * Дворкин А. Л. Корни христианства (Из материалов к учебному курсу «История Церкви») // Альфа и Омега. — 1996. — № 8. — С. 208-223. * Дворкин А. Л. Из истории Вселенских Соборов: (Материалы к учебному курсу "История Церкви"): I Вселенский Собор в Никее; Арианские споры // Альфа и Омега. — М., 1996. — № 2/03 (09/10). — С. 379-408. * Дворкин А. Л. Из истории Вселенских Соборов: (Материалы к учебному курсу "История Церкви"): III Вселенский Собор; Разбойничий собор; Халкидонский собор // Альфа и Омега. — М., 1996. — № 4 (11). — С. 240-275. * Дворкин А. Л. Из истории Вселенских Соборов: (Материалы к учебному курсу "История Церкви"): Эпоха императора Юстиниана и V Вселенский Собор // Альфа и Омега. — М., 1997. — № 1 (12). — С. 342-372. * Дворкин А. Л. Из истории Вселенских Соборов: (Материалы к учебному курсу "История Церкви"): Моноэнергизм, монофелитизм и VI Вселенский Собор // Альфа и Омега. — М., 1997. — № 2 (13). — С. 340-361. * Дворкин А. Л. Из истории Вселенских Соборов: (Материалы к учебному курсу "История Церкви"): Юстиниан и Пято-Шестой Собор // Альфа и Омега. — М., 1997. — № 3 (14). — С. 335-350. * Дворкин А. Л. Размышления об историческом развитии христологической доктрины Армянской Церкви // Труды Ежегодной богословской конференция ПСТБИ. — М., 1997. — С. 16-22. * Дворкин А. Л. Из истории Вселенских Соборов: (Материалы к учебному курсу "История Церкви"): Первый период иконоборчества и VII Вселенский Собор; Второй период иконоборчества // Альфа и Омега. — М., 1998. — № 1 (15). — С. 346-375. * Дворкин А. Л. Из истории Вселенских Соборов: (Материалы к учебному курсу "История Церкви"): Эпоха патриарха Фотия. Миссия святых Кирилла и Мефодия. Крещение Болгарии. Великий Собор примирения // Альфа и Омега. — М., 1998. — № 3 (17). — С. 335-350. * Дворкин А. Л. Памяти отца Иоанна Мейендорфа // Альфа и Омега. — 2002. — Вып. 34. — № 4. * Дворкин А. Л. Хиастическая структура Евангелия от Иоанна: гипотеза Герхарда и Эллиса // Труды ежегодной богословской конференция ПСТГУ. — М., 2005. — С. 135-139. * Дворкин А. Л
Очерки по истории Вселенской Православной Церкви. Курс лекций.
— Изд. 3-е, перераб. и доп. — Н. Новгород, 2006. — 936 с. — . * Дворкин А. Л. Булгаков и Достоевский: Некоторые соображения о генезисе образа Иешуа Га-Ноцри из "Мастера и Маргариты" // Труды ежегодной богословской конференция ПСТГУ. — М., 2007. — С. С.135-139. * Дворкин А. Л., Малков П. Ю
Мейендорф
// Большая Российская энциклопедия: в 30 т. / науч.-ред. совет: пред. Ю. С. Осипов и др.. — М.: Большая Российская энциклопедия, 2012. — Т. 19 Маниковский — Меотида. — С. 594—595. — 767 с. — 60 000 экз. — .

NRM and cults

* Dvorkin, A. // Update and Dialog. — 1994. — Вып. May. — № 4. * Dvorkin, A. A // Spirituality in East & West. — 1998. — № 11. * Дворкин А. Л. Введение в сектоведение. — Н. Новгород, 1998. — 457 с. — . * Дворкин А. Л. «Общество сознания Кришны» как ньюэйджевская секта: (На примере использования его идеологами христианских образов и концепций) // Труды ежегодной богословской конференция ПСТБИ. — М., 1999. — С. 47-56. * Дворкин А. Л. «Общество сознания Кришны» как секта «Нью Эйдж» // Альфа и Омега. — М., 1999. — № 20. — С. 251-261. * Дворкин А. Л. О некоторых подходах к методологии православного сектоведения // Труды ежегодной богословской конференция ПСТБИ. — М., 2000. — С. 65-83. * Дворкин А. Л. Сектоведение. Тоталитарные секты. Опыт систематического исследования. — Изд. 3-е, пераб. и доп. — Н. Новгород: «Христианская библиотека», 2007. — 813 с. — . * Дворкин А. Л
Международное общество сознания Кришны
// Большая Российская энциклопедия: в 30 т. / науч.-ред. совет: пред. Ю. С. Осипов и др.. — М.: Большая Российская энциклопедия, 2012. — Т. 19 Маниковский — Меотида. — С. 541. — 767 с. — 60 000 экз. — . * Дворкин А. Л., Силантьев Р. А
Новые религиозные движения
// Большая Российская энциклопедия: в 30 т. / науч.-ред. совет: пред. Ю. С. Осипов и др.. — М.: Большая Российская энциклопедия, 2013. — Т. 23: Николай Кузанский — Океан. — С. 244. — 766 с. — 26 000 экз. — . * Дворкин А. Л

//

Православная энциклопедия The ''Orthodox Encyclopedia'' () is a specialized encyclopedia, published by the Church Research Center "Orthodox Encyclopedia" under the general editorship of the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia since 2000. As of October 2024, 73 alphabetical ...

. — М. : Церковно-научный центр «Православная энциклопедия», 2002. — Т. IV. — С. 540—542. — 752 с. — 39 000 экз. — . * Дворкин А. Л
Богородичный центр
// Православная энциклопедия. — М. : Церковно-научный центр «Православная энциклопедия», 2002. — Т. V. — С. 512—513. — 752 с. — 39 000 экз. — . * Семёнов Л. Е., Дворкин А. Л

// Православная энциклопедия. — М. : Церковно-научный центр «Православная энциклопедия», 2009. — Т. XXI. — С. 186—188. — 752 с. — 39 000 экз. — .

Translations

* Хопко Фома, прот. Основы православия. — Glen Cove: Religious Books for Russia, 1987, 1989; Минск: Полифакт, 1991. пер. А. Л. Дворкин * Мейендорф Иоанн, протопр. Жизнь, достойная восхищения �амяти протопр. А. Д. Шмемана/ пер.: Дворкин А. Л. // «Альфа и Омега», № 3, 1994, с. 123—132.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dvorkin, Alexander Critics of Scientology Living people Russian medievalists Russian theologians Russian Jews People of the Christian countercult movement 20th-century Eastern Orthodox theologians 21st-century Eastern Orthodox theologians 1955 births Fordham University alumni Saint Tikhon's Orthodox University people Converts to Eastern Orthodoxy from Judaism