Alessandro Ferdinando Maffei (3 October 1662,

Verona Verona ( ; ; or ) is a city on the Adige, River Adige in Veneto, Italy, with 255,131 inhabitants. It is one of the seven provincial capitals of the region, and is the largest city Comune, municipality in the region and in Northeast Italy, nor ...

– January 1730,

Munich Munich is the capital and most populous city of Bavaria, Germany. As of 30 November 2024, its population was 1,604,384, making it the third-largest city in Germany after Berlin and Hamburg. Munich is the largest city in Germany that is no ...

) was an Italian Lieutenant General of Infantry in the service of the

Electorate of Bavaria The Electorate of Bavaria () was a quasi-independent hereditary electorate of the Holy Roman Empire from 1623 to 1806, when it was succeeded by the Kingdom of Bavaria. The Wittelsbach dynasty which ruled the Duchy of Bavaria was the younger ...

. He was the brother of the Italian writer and archaeologist Francesco Scipione. De Maffei was born at

. After entering the army of Bavaria in 1683 he was wounded at the Siege of Mongatz in 1687; he was later promoted to Colonel in 1696. During the

War of the Spanish Succession The War of the Spanish Succession was a European great power conflict fought between 1701 and 1714. The immediate cause was the death of the childless Charles II of Spain in November 1700, which led to a struggle for control of the Spanish E ...

he served as the second in command at the

Battle of Schellenberg The Battle of Schellenberg took place on 2 July 1704 during the War of the Spanish Succession. The engagement was part of the John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, Duke of Marlborough's campaign to save the Habsburg monarchy, Habsburg capital ...

in 1704. In 1706 he led a brigade at the

Battle of Ramillies The Battle of Ramillies (), fought on 23 May 1706, was a battle of the War of the Spanish Succession. For the Grand AllianceAustria, England, and the Dutch Republicthe battle had followed an indecisive campaign against the Bourbon armies of K ...

against the Allied forces under the command of the

Duke of Marlborough General John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, 1st Prince of Mindelheim, 1st Count of Nellenburg, Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, (26 May 1650 – 16 June 1722 O.S.) was a British army officer and statesman. From a gentry family, he ...

. After being taken prisoner, he became involved in abortive negotiations for peace. In 1717 he contributed to the victory over the Turks at the Siege of Belgrade in the Austro-Turkish War and was subsequently made Field Marshal of the

Holy Roman Empire The Holy Roman Empire, also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after 1512, was a polity in Central and Western Europe, usually headed by the Holy Roman Emperor. It developed in the Early Middle Ages, and lasted for a millennium ...

. He died in

in 1730.

Works

References

Bibliography

* * Crescenzio, Daniela. ''Italienische Spaziergänge in München''. Band 2: ''Dynastien aus Italien''. 1. Auflage. IT-INERARIO, Unterhaching 2009, . * Falkner, James. ''Ramillies 1706: Year of Miracles.'' Pen & Sword Books Ltd, (2006). . * Fricke, Gustav. ''Der bayerische Feldmarschall Alessandro Marchese Maffei. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichtsschreibung und zur Geschichte der Türkenkriege und des spanischen Erbfolgekrieges''. In: ''Jahres-Bericht über das Königliche Friedrich-Wilhelms-Gymnasium und die Königliche Vorschule zu Berlin'' Ostern 1891, , pages 3–54. * {{DEFAULTSORT:Maffei, Alessandro, Marquis De 1662 births 1730 deaths Emigrants from the Republic of Venice to the Holy Roman Empire Military personnel from Verona Italian generals German army commanders in the War of the Spanish Succession