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Aleksey Aleksandrovich Saltykov (russian: Алексей Александрович Салтыков; 13 May 1934 – 8 April 1993) was a
Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
and
Russian Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including: *Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...
film director A film director controls a film's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay (or script) while guiding the film crew and actors in the fulfilment of that vision. The director has a key role in choosing the cast members, ...
and
screenwriter A screenplay writer (also called screenwriter, scriptwriter, scribe or scenarist) is a writer who practices the craft of screenwriting, writing screenplays on which mass media, such as films, television programs and video games, are based. ...
.
People's Artist of the RSFSR People's Artist of the RSFSR (russian: Народный артист РСФСР, ''Narodnyj artist RSFSR'') was an honorary title granted to Soviet Union artists, including theatre and film directors, choreographers, music performers, and orches ...
(1980).


Biography

Saltykov was born in
Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...
to
Russian Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including: *Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...
parents. His father Aleksandr Saltykov worked as an engineer at the
Moscow Kremlin The Kremlin ( rus, Московский Кремль, r=Moskovskiy Kreml', p=ˈmɐˈskofskʲɪj krʲemlʲ, t=Moscow Kremlin) is a fortified complex in the center of Moscow founded by the Rurik dynasty. It is the best known of the kremlins (R ...
. With the start of the
Great Patriotic War The Eastern Front of World War II was a Theater (warfare), theatre of conflict between the European Axis powers against the Soviet Union (USSR), Polish Armed Forces in the East, Poland and other Allies of World War II, Allies, which encom ...
he was sent to the
front line A front line (alternatively front-line or frontline) in military terminology is the position(s) closest to the area of conflict of an armed force's personnel and equipment, usually referring to land forces. When a front (an intentional or unint ...
and killed near
Sevastopol Sevastopol (; uk, Севасто́поль, Sevastópolʹ, ; gkm, Σεβαστούπολις, Sevastoúpolis, ; crh, Акъя́р, Aqyár, ), sometimes written Sebastopol, is the largest city in Crimea, and a major port on the Black Sea ...
in 1941. His family stayed in Moscow. Aleksey's mother
baptize Baptism (from grc-x-koine, βάπτισμα, váptisma) is a form of ritual purification—a characteristic of many religions throughout time and geography. In Christianity, it is a Christian sacrament of initiation and adoption, almost inv ...
d him and his sister shortly before the
Battle of Moscow The Battle of Moscow was a military campaign that consisted of two periods of strategically significant fighting on a sector of the Eastern Front (World War II), Eastern Front during World War II. It took place between September 1941 and January ...
, which they eventually survived. She never married again and raised the children by herself.
, 2014 (in Russian) At the age of 14 Saltykov had to become a factory worker because of the poor living conditions. He also visited an evening school and at one point decided to join
VGIK The Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography (russian: Всероссийский государственный институт кинематографии имени Sergei Gerasimov (film director), С. А. Герасимова, meaning ''All-R ...
. In 1961 he finished director's courses led by Sergei Gerasimov. His first feature film '' My Friend, Kolka!'' was released the same year, co-directed by Aleksander Mitta. It was seen by 23.8 million viewers. Along with his next movie ''Bang the Drum'' it established him as one of the most promising
children's film A children's film, or family film, is a film genre that contains children or relates to them in the context of home and family. Children's films are made specifically for children and not necessarily for a general audience, while family films ar ...
directors, but Saltykov decided otherwise. In 1964 he directed a post-war drama '' The Chairman''. Based on the screenplay by
Yuri Nagibin Yuri Markovich Nagibin (russian: Ю́рий Ма́ркович Наги́бин; 3 April 1920 – 17 June 1994) was a Russian Soviet writer, screenwriter and novelist. Biography Yuri Nagibin was born in Moscow in 1920. Nagibin's mother Ksen ...
, it told a fictionalized story of a real-life
Belarus Belarus,, , ; alternatively and formerly known as Byelorussia (from Russian ). officially the Republic of Belarus,; rus, Республика Беларусь, Respublika Belarus. is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by ...
ian partisan Kirill Orlovsky (named Egor Trubnikov in the movie) who lost his arm during the
war War is an intense armed conflict between states, governments, societies, or paramilitary groups such as mercenaries, insurgents, and militias. It is generally characterized by extreme violence, destruction, and mortality, using regular o ...
, then headed one of the ruined
kolkhoz A kolkhoz ( rus, колхо́з, a=ru-kolkhoz.ogg, p=kɐlˈxos) was a form of collective farm in the Soviet Union. Kolkhozes existed along with state farms or sovkhoz., a contraction of советское хозяйство, soviet ownership o ...
es and turned it into the most prosperous countryside. He was portrayed by
Mikhail Ulyanov Mikhail Ulyanov may refer to: * Mikhail Alexandrovich Ulyanov, actor * Mikhail Ivanovich Ulyanov Mikhail Ivanovich Ulyanov (russian: Михаил Иванович Ульянов; born 23 August 1953) is a Russian foreign service officer who sin ...
in ''The Chairman''. The movie also featured a number of themes unusual for the cinema of that era, including post-war hunger, bureaucracy that prevented quicker recovery, lack of men and repressive methods of
NKVD The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (russian: Наро́дный комиссариа́т вну́тренних дел, Naródnyy komissariát vnútrennikh del, ), abbreviated NKVD ( ), was the interior ministry of the Soviet Union. ...
. At the same time, it showed the strength of village people who rebuilt the countryside from scratch despite everything. According to Aleksander Mitta, five leading
Mosfilm Mosfilm (russian: Мосфильм, ''Mosfil’m'' ) is a film studio which is among the largest and oldest in the Russian Federation and in Europe. Founded in 1924 in the USSR as a production unit of that nation's film monopoly, its output inclu ...
directors rejected the script before it finally got to Saltykov. Seen by 33 million people at the time, ''The Chairman'' became an instant success. It was awarded a prize at the
All-Union Film Festival The All-Union Film Festival (russian: Всесоюзный кинофестиваль; tr.:''Vsesoyuznyy kinofestival'', also known as ВКФ; ''VKF'') was one of the most important film festivals of the Soviet Union. It was founded in 1958 and hel ...
and named the best movie of 1965 by the readers of the
Soviet Screen ''Soviet Screen'' (russian: link=no, Советский Экран, Sovetsky Ekran) was an illustrated magazine published in the USSR with varying frequency from 1925 to 1998 (with a break from 1941–1957Fifty years from the date of the first iss ...
magazine. Mikhail Ulyanov was also named the best actor of 1965 and awarded the Lenin Prize. The role of Trubnikov became one of his most recognizable roles in the entire career. Saltykov made another three movies based on Nagibin's screenplays: '' Woman's World'' (1967), ''Director'' (1969) and ''The Ivanov Family'' (1975). ''Woman's World'' featured a story similar to ''The Chairman'', but with an emphasis on Russian women during and after the war. It became one of the leaders of the 1968 box office (4th place with 49.6 million viewers) and the 38th most viewed film of the Soviet Union.
Rimma Markova Rimma Vasilievna Markova (russian: Римма Васильевна Маркова; 3 March 1925 – 15 January 2015) was a Russian film actress. She was named a People's Artist of Russia in 1994, whereas her younger brother Leonid Markov was na ...
was named the best actress at the 1970
All-Union Film Festival The All-Union Film Festival (russian: Всесоюзный кинофестиваль; tr.:''Vsesoyuznyy kinofestival'', also known as ВКФ; ''VKF'') was one of the most important film festivals of the Soviet Union. It was founded in 1958 and hel ...
. ''Director'' was dedicated to
Ivan Likhachov Ivan Alekseevich Likhachev (June 15, 1896 - June 24, 1956) - Soviet statesman, one of the organizers of the Soviet automobile industry. He is known as the director of the Moscow 1st State Automobile Plant (now the I.A.Likhachev Plant). Member of ...
(named Aleksey Zworykin in the movie) who established the
automotive industry in the Soviet Union The automotive industry in the Soviet Union spanned the history of the state from 1929 to 1991. It started with the establishment of large car manufacturing plants and reorganisation of the AMO Factory in Moscow in the late 1920s–early 1930s, du ...
, headed
ZiL OJSC AMO ZiL, known fully as the Public Joint-Stock Company – Likhachov Plant () and more commonly called ZiL (, was a major Russian automobile, truck, military vehicle, and heavy equipment manufacturer that was based in Moscow, Russia. The la ...
, and who happened to be Nagibin's father-in-law. Shooting began at the start of 1965, but ended after Yevgeni Urbansky was tragically killed while performing a stunt. Saltykov was personally blamed for his death and wasn't allowed to direct anything up until 1967. In 1969 the second version of ''Director'' was made with
Nikolai Gubenko Nikolai Nikolaevich Gubenko (russian: Николай Николаевич Губенко; 17 August 1941 – 16 August 2020) was a Soviet and Russian actor, film and theatre director, screenwriter, founder of the Community of Taganka Actors theat ...
as Zworykin, released to a mild success. He produced a number of other historical and war dramas, but none of them reached the triumph of his earlier works. According to the writer Nikolai Konyaev, in 1993 Saltykov approached him with documents from previously closed Soviet archives regarding general
Andrey Vlasov Andrey Andreyevich Vlasov (russian: Андрéй Андрéевич Влáсов, – August 1, 1946) was a Soviet Red Army general and Nazi collaborator. During World War II, he fought in the Battle of Moscow and later was captured at ...
known for his
Nazi Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right politics, far-right Totalitarianism, totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hit ...
collaboration during the
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...
. Together they wrote a screenplay for a biographical movie, but in just a week Saltykov suddenly died at the age of 58. Aleksey Saltykov was buried in Moscow at the
Troyekurovskoye Cemetery The Troyekurovo Cemetery (russian: Троекуровское кладбище, Troyekurovskoye kladbishche), alternatively known as ''Novo-Kuntsevo Cemetery'' (russian: Ново-Кунцевское кладбище, Novo-Kuntsevskoye kladbishch ...
. He was married to the Soviet and later Canadian actress
Olga Prokhorova Olga Prokhorova (russian: Ольга Прохорова; born 19 March 1979 in Moscow) is a Russian retired swimmer. She won a bronze medal at the 1994 World Aquatics Championships The 1994 FINA World Aquatics Championships were held in Rome, I ...
(born 1948).KGB chased movie star Prokhorova to Canada
article scan from ''Hollywood Canada'', February–March, 1991


Filmography


References


External links

*
Aleksei Saltykov. Kino-teatr.ru
{{DEFAULTSORT:Saltykov, Aleksei Soviet film directors Russian film directors 1934 births 1993 deaths Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography alumni Burials in Troyekurovskoye Cemetery People's Artists of the RSFSR Soviet screenwriters Russian screenwriters