Aleksander Warma
VR I/3 (also Varma; – 23 December 1970) was an
Estonia
Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, a ...
n navy officer, diplomat and painter.
Biography
Aleksander Warma studied at marine schools of
Käsmu
Käsmu (german: Kaspervik, ) is a village in Haljala Parish, Lääne-Viru County, in northern Estonia, (retrieved 28 July 2021) on the territory of Lahemaa National Park. It's located northwest of Võsu, on the Käsmu Peninsula in the Gulf of Fi ...
and
Narva
Narva, russian: Нарва is a municipality and city in Estonia. It is located in Ida-Viru County, Ida-Viru county, at the Extreme points of Estonia, eastern extreme point of Estonia, on the west bank of the Narva (river), Narva river which ...
, took a deep sea captain's exam in
Riga
Riga (; lv, Rīga , liv, Rīgõ) is the capital and largest city of Latvia and is home to 605,802 inhabitants which is a third of Latvia's population. The city lies on the Gulf of Riga at the mouth of the Daugava river where it meets the Ba ...
. In 1920, he took the high school exams to the examination committee of the Tallinn Teachers' Seminar. 1920–1924 studied at the dept. of the law of
Tartu University, graduated with the 1st-degree diploma, 1928 Master of Law. Member of Estonian Students' Society.
In
World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...
, he served in the
Russian Baltic fleet. In
Estonian War of Independence
The Estonian War of Independence ( et, Vabadussõda, literally "Freedom War"), also known as the Estonian Liberation War, was a defensive campaign of the Estonian Army and its allies, most notably the United Kingdom, against the Bolshevik westwa ...
, he served in the
Estonian Navy
The Estonian Navy ( et, Merevägi) are the unified naval forces among the Estonian Defence Forces.
With only six commissioned ships and displacement well under 10,000 tonnes, the Estonian navy is one of the smallest navies in the world. Its shi ...
, was chief of staff of navy in 1919–1920. After the war was commander of a navy ship
Mardus. In 1924–1926, he was assistant to the jurisconsult of the Ministry of War. In 1926 Warma retired as
lieutenant commander.
In 1926–1927, Warma was Director of the legal bureau of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1927–1931 Director of the Administrative Dept. of Foreign Affairs, 1931–1933 Counsellor of the Estonian Legation in Moscow, 1933–1938 Consul-General in
Leningrad (today St. Petersburg), 1938–1939 Estonian Envoy to
Lithuania
Lithuania (; lt, Lietuva ), officially the Republic of Lithuania ( lt, Lietuvos Respublika, links=no ), is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea. Lithuania ...
, 1939–1944 to
Finland. 1953–1962 Warma was Minister of Foreign Affairs and Acting Minister of Justice, 1962–1963 Acting Prime Minister in duties of the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the
Estonian government-in-exile. Warma served as Prime Minister in duties of the
President of the Republic of Estonia
The president of the Republic of Estonia ( et, Eesti Vabariigi President) is the head of state of the Republic of Estonia. The current president is Alar Karis, elected by Parliament on 31 August 2021, replacing Kersti Kaljulaid.
Estonia is on ...
March 29. 1963 – December 23, 1970.
Aleksander Varma
at president.ee
Since 1964 he was also Estonian diplomatical representative in Paris.
See also
* Estonian War of Independence
The Estonian War of Independence ( et, Vabadussõda, literally "Freedom War"), also known as the Estonian Liberation War, was a defensive campaign of the Estonian Army and its allies, most notably the United Kingdom, against the Bolshevik westwa ...
References
Sources
Aleksander Warma
* Ülo Kaevats et al. 2000. ''Eesti Entsüklopeedia 14''. Tallinn: Eesti Entsüklopeediakirjastus,
{{DEFAULTSORT:Warma, Aleksander
1890 births
1970 deaths
People from Kuusalu Parish
People from Kreis Harrien
Government ministers of Estonia
Envoys of Estonia
Estonian anti-communists
University of Tartu alumni
Estonian military personnel of the Estonian War of Independence
Recipients of the Order of the White Star, 2nd Class
Estonian World War II refugees
Estonian emigrants to Sweden