''Alcadia'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

tropical The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the equator, where the sun may shine directly overhead. This contrasts with the temperate or polar regions of Earth, where the Sun can never be directly overhead. This is because of Earth's ax ...

and subtropical

land snail A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have gastropod shell, shel ...

s with an operculum,

terrestrial Terrestrial refers to things related to land or the planet Earth, as opposed to extraterrestrial. Terrestrial may also refer to: * Terrestrial animal, an animal that lives on land opposed to living in water, or sometimes an animal that lives on o ...

gastropod Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...

mollusk Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...

s in the subfamily Helicininae of the family

Helicinidae Helicinidae is a family of small tropical land snails, terrestrial operculate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicinoidea. Name These snails are not at all closely related to the air-breathing land snails, despite a superficial simila ...

. MolluscaBase eds. (2024). MolluscaBase. Alcadia J. E. Gray, 1840. Accessed through: World Register of Marine * At: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=996448 on 2024-07-24

Description

''Alcadia'' differs from the Helicininae in having a slit in front of the

aperture In optics, the aperture of an optical system (including a system consisting of a single lens) is the hole or opening that primarily limits light propagated through the system. More specifically, the entrance pupil as the front side image o ...

, into which is fitted the tooth-like process of the operculum.

Species

Species within the genus ''Alcadia'' include: * '' Alcadia affinis'' C.B. Adams, 1846 * '' Alcadia alta'' (G. B. Sowerby II, 1866) * '' Alcadia aurantia'' (J. E. Gray, 1824) * '' Alcadia bahamensis'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1862) * '' Alcadia bermudezi'' Aguayo & Jaume, 1957"Mollusca"
. Diversidad Biológica Cubana, accessed 23 March 2011. * '' Alcadia binneyana'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1866) * '' Alcadia blandiana'' Weinland, 1880 * '' Alcadia boeckeleri'' (Richling, 2001) * '' Alcadia brownii'' (J. E. Gray, 1824) * '' Alcadia bullula'' Hausdorf, 2006 * '' Alcadia camagueyana'' Aguayo & Jaume, 1957 * '' Alcadia charmosyne'' (Pilsbry, 1933) * '' Alcadia chocoensis'' Roosen, 2023 * '' Alcadia citrinolabris'' (C. B. Adams, 1849) * '' Alcadia concinna'' (Gundlach in Pfeiffer, 1857) * '' Alcadia consanguinea'' (C. B. Adams, 1851) * '' Alcadia conuloides'' (Guppy, 1868) * '' Alcadia decussata'' Hausdorf, 2006 * '' Alcadia delmonteana'' Pilsbry, 1933 * '' Alcadia dissimulans'' (Poey, 1858) * '' Alcadia dubiosa'' (C. B. Adams, 1850) * '' Alcadia erythrozona'' Dean, 1931 * '' Alcadia euglypta'' Clench & Aguayo, 1950 * '' Alcadia exigua'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1849) * '' Alcadia gonavensis'' Weinland, 1880 * '' Alcadia gonostoma'' (Gundlach in Poey, 1858) * '' Alcadia guadaloupensis'' (G. B. Sowerby II, 1842) * '' Alcadia haitensis'' (Maltzan, 1888) * '' Alcadia hirsuta'' (C. B. Adams, 1851) * '' Alcadia hispida'' (Pfeiffer, 1839) * '' Alcadia hjalmarsoni'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1856) * '' Alcadia hojarasca'' (Richling, 2001) * '' Alcadia hollandi'' (C. B. Adams, 1849) * '' Alcadia iheringi'' A. J. Wagner, 1911 * '' Alcadia incrustata'' (Gundlach in Pfeiffer, 1859) * '' Alcadia intusplicata'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1851) * '' Alcadia jamaicensis'' (G. B. Sowerby II, 1842) * '' Alcadia kuehni'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1872) * '' Alcadia lewisi'' Pilsbry, 1942 * '' Alcadia macilenta'' (C. B. Adams, 1849) * '' Alcadia major'' (J. E. Gray, 1824) * '' Alcadia mammilla'' Weinland, 1862 * '' Alcadia maxima'' G.B. Sowerby II, 1842 * '' Alcadia mcleani'' Clench, 1937 * '' Alcadia megastoma'' (C. B. Adams, 1849) * '' Alcadia microstoma'' (C. B. Adams, 1851) * '' Alcadia minima'' (d’Orbigny, 1842) * '' Alcadia moussoniana'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1866) * '' Alcadia neebiana'' (Pfeiffer, 1862) * '' Alcadia nitida'' (Pfeiffer, 1839) * '' Alcadia nobilis'' (C. B. Adams, 1851) * '' Alcadia nodulosa'' Hausdorf, 2006 * '' Alcadia novogranadensis'' Hausdorf, 2006 * '' Alcadia nuda'' (Arango in Pfeiffer, 1866) * '' Alcadia pellucida'' (G. B. Sowerby II, 1842) * '' Alcadia pompholyx'' (Pilsbry, 1933) * '' Alcadia pusilla'' (C. B. Adams, 1850) * '' Alcadia rhamphostyla'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1857) * '' Alcadia rotunda'' (d’Orbigny, 1842) * '' Alcadia rufa'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1857) * '' Alcadia schrammi'' (Crosse, 1872) * '' Alcadia sericea'' (Drouët, 1859) * '' Alcadia solitaria'' (C. B. Adams, 1845) * '' Alcadia spectabilis'' (Pfeiffer, 1858) * '' Alcadia succinea'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1850) * '' Alcadia velutina'' (Poey, 1858)

Synonyms of Alcadia

* ''Alcadia (Alcadia)'' J. E. Gray, 1840 · alternative representation * ''Alcadia (Bellula)'' A. J. Wagner, 1908 junior subjective synonym * ''Alcadia (Eualcadia)'' A. J. Wagner, 1907 junior subjective synonym * ''Alcadia (Glyptalcadia)'' Boss & Jacobson, 1973 · alternative representation * ''Alcadia (Hispida)'' A. J. Wagner, 1907 junior homonym (invalid; not Bate, 1868, ''Penisoltia'' is a replacement name) * ''Alcadia (Hjalmarsona)'' H. B. Baker, 1940 · alternative representation * ''Alcadia (Idesa)'' H. Adams & A. Adams, 1856 alternative representation Adams H. & Adams A. (1856). ''The genera of Recent Mollusca, Helicinidae'' 2: 300-309, 3: pl. 87. London. ''Idesa'' is on the page 304. * ''Alcadia (Incrustata)'' A. J. Wagner, 1907 junior homonym * ''Alcadia (Intusplicata)'' A. J. Wagner, 1907 alternative representation * ''Alcadia (Leialcadia)'' A. J. Wagner, 1907 (junior synonym) * ''Alcadia (Mamilla)'' A. J. Wagner, 1907 alternative representation * ''Alcadia (Megastoma)'' A. J. Wagner, 1907 junior homonym (invalid; not Rafinesque, 1814) * ''Alcadia (Microalcadia)'' Richling, 2004 alternative representation * ''Alcadia (Palliata)'' A. J. Wagner, 1907 alternative representation * ''Alcadia (Penisoltia)'' H. B. Baker, 1954 alternative representation * ''Alcadia (Weinlandella)'' H. B. Baker, 1954 unavailable name (unnecessary replacement name for ''Mamilla'') * ''Eualcadia'' A. J. Wagner, 1907 (junior synonym) * ''Helicina (Alcadia)'' J. E. Gray, 1840 (unaccepted rank) * ''Helicina (Idesa)'' H. Adams & A. Adams, 1856 superseded combination * ''Helicina (Isoltia)'' Guppy, 1895 junior subjective synonym * ''Helicina (Schrammia)'' Guppy, 1895 superseded combination * ''Hispida'' A. J. Wagner, 1907 (invalid; not Bate, 1868, ''Penisoltia'' is a replacement name) * ''Idesa'' H. Adams & A. Adams, 1856 · * ''Isoltia'' Guppy, 1895 (junior synonym) * ''Leialcadia'' A. J. Wagner, 1907 · * ''Schrammia'' Guppy, 1895 junior subjective synonym

Synonyms

* ''Alcadia appuni'' (E. von Martens, 1873): synonym of ''Helicina tamsiana appuni'' E. von Martens, 1873 (superseded combination) * ''Alcadia balteata'' Aguayo & Jaume, 1954: synonym of '' Alcadia minima'' (A. d'Orbigny, 1842) (junior synonym) * ''Alcadia capax'' L. Pfeiffer, 1857: synonym of ''Alcadia minima'' (A. d'Orbigny, 1842) (junior synonym) * ''Alcadia ciliata'' (Poey, 1852): synonym of '' Emoda ciliata'' (Poey, 1852) ( superseded combination) * ''Alcadia colombiana'' (R. A. Philippi, 1847): synonym of '' Helicina columbiana'' R. A. Philippi, 1847 (superseded combination) * Alcadia deppeana (E. von Martens, 1863): synonym of Helicina zephyrina deppeana E. von Martens, 1863 (superseded rank and combination) * ''Alcadia dysoni'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1849): synonym of '' Helicina dysoni'' L. Pfeiffer, 1849 (unaccepted combination) * ''Alcadia gundlachi'' L. Pfeiffer, 1854: synonym of ''Alcadia (Penisoltia) minima'' (A. d'Orbigny, 1842) represented as ''Alcadia minima'' (A. d'Orbigny, 1842) * ''Alcadia quinonesi'' Clench & Aguayo, 1950: synonym of ''Alcadia minima'' (A. d'Orbigny, 1842) (junior synonym) * ''Alcadia quiñonesi'' Clench & Aguayo, 1950: synonym of ''Alcadia minima'' (A. d'Orbigny, 1842) (misspelling - incorrect original spelling) * ''Alcadia striata'' (Lamarck, 1822): synonym of '' Helicina striata'' Lamarck, 1822 (superseded combination) * ''Alcadia subfusca'' (Menke, 1828): synonym of ''Alcadia striata'' (Lamarck, 1822): synonym of '' Helicina striata'' Lamarck, 1822 (junior synonym) * ''Alcadia tamsiana'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1851): synonym of '' Helicina tamsiana'' L. Pfeiffer, 1851 (superseded combination)

References

* Bank, R. A. (2017). Classification of the Recent terrestrial Gastropoda of the World. Last update: July 16th, 2017.

External links

* * * * * * * Taxa named by John Edward Gray Long stubs with short prose {{Helicinidae-stub