Albert Rose (30 March 1910 – 26 July 1990) was an American physicist, who made major contributions to TV

video camera tube Video camera tubes are devices based on the cathode-ray tube that were used in television cameras to capture television images, prior to the introduction of charge-coupled device (CCD) image sensors in the 1980s. Several different types of tubes ...

s such as the

orthicon Video camera tubes are devices based on the cathode-ray tube that were used in television cameras to capture television images, prior to the introduction of charge-coupled device (CCD) image sensors in the 1980s. Several different types of tubes ...

, image orthicon, and

vidicon Video camera tubes are devices based on the cathode-ray tube that were used in television cameras to capture television images, prior to the introduction of charge-coupled device (CCD) image sensors in the 1980s. Several different types of tubes ...

. According to the New York Times, Albert Rose is credited as the father of the orthicon television camera tube, which was developed during World War II, and then later was an integral part of all early television broadcasts.

Biography

He received an A.B. degree and a Ph.D. degree in physics from

Cornell University Cornell University is a Private university, private Ivy League research university based in Ithaca, New York, United States. The university was co-founded by American philanthropist Ezra Cornell and historian and educator Andrew Dickson W ...

in 1931 and 1935, respectively. He joined

RCA RCA Corporation was a major American electronics company, which was founded in 1919 as the Radio Corporation of America. It was initially a patent pool, patent trust owned by General Electric (GE), Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Westinghou ...

, where was active in the development of TV camera tubes. Rose was an expert on

photoconductivity Photoconductivity is an optical and electrical phenomenon in which a material becomes more electrically conductive due to the absorption of electromagnetic radiation such as visible light, ultraviolet light, infrared light, or gamma radiation. ...

. He wrote a book ''Concepts in photoconductivity and allied problems'', which was published by John Wiley & Sons, New York, in 1963. He also did research on the visibility of objects in a noisy signal, such as from TV tubes. He found that humans could distinguish small objects in noisy images at near 100% accuracy if the object brightness differed from the background by at least 5 times the noise standard deviation; this signal-to-noise relationship is known as the ''Rose criterion''. Rose also originated the concept of detective quantum efficiency, today widely used in optical and X-ray imaging. He died in 1990.

US patents

* Photoconductor for imaging devices * Pickup tube target * Method of reproducing an electrostatic charge pattern in intensified form

Honors and awards

* Member,

National Academy of Engineering The National Academy of Engineering (NAE) is an American Nonprofit organization, nonprofit, NGO, non-governmental organization. It is part of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM), along with the National Academ ...

in 1975 *

IEEE The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is an American 501(c)(3) organization, 501(c)(3) public charity professional organization for electrical engineering, electronics engineering, and other related disciplines. The IEEE ...

(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) Edison Medal in 1979 * IEEE Morris N. Liebmann Award *

SMPTE The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) (, rarely ), founded by Charles Francis Jenkins in 1916 as the Society of Motion Picture Engineers or SMPE, is a global professional association of engineers, technologists, and e ...

(Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers)

David Sarnoff David Sarnoff (February 27, 1891 – December 12, 1971) was a Russian and American businessman who played an important role in the American history of radio and television. He led the Radio Corporation of America (RCA) for most of his career in ...

Gold Medal Award * Fellow,

* Fellow,

American Physical Society The American Physical Society (APS) is a not-for-profit membership organization of professionals in physics and related disciplines, comprising nearly fifty divisions, sections, and other units. Its mission is the advancement and diffusion of ...

References

External links

IEEE Global History Network
bio with photo {{DEFAULTSORT:Rose, Albert 1910 births 1990 deaths 20th-century American physicists Fellows of the IEEE IEEE Edison Medal recipients Cornell University alumni Deaths from lung cancer in New Jersey