Albert Harkness (architect)
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Albert Harkness (October 6, 1822May 27, 1907) was an American classical scholar and educator. He was professor of Greek at
Brown University Brown University is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in Providence, Rhode Island, United States. It is the List of colonial colleges, seventh-oldest institution of higher education in the US, founded in 1764 as the ' ...
, and helped found the
American Philological Association The Society for Classical Studies (SCS), formerly known as the American Philological Association (APA), is a non-profit North American scholarly organization devoted to all aspects of Greek and Roman civilization founded in 1869. It is the pree ...
and the
American School of Classical Studies at Athens The American School of Classical Studies at Athens (ASCSA; ) is one of 19 foreign archaeological institutes in Athens, Greece. It is a member of the Council of American Overseas Research Centers (CAORC). CAORC is a private not-for-profit federat ...
.


Early life

Harkness was born in Mendon,
Massachusetts Massachusetts ( ; ), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Maine to its east, Connecticut and Rhode ...
and attended Uxbridge High School and
Worcester Academy Worcester Academy is a co-ed private boarding school in Worcester, Massachusetts serving grades 6-12. It is the oldest school founded in Worcester, Massachusetts, and one of the oldest day-boarding schools in the United States. A coeducation ...
. He graduated from Brown University in 1842. He was senior master of Providence High School from 1846 to 1853, and pursued studies in
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at the universities of
Berlin Berlin ( ; ) is the Capital of Germany, capital and largest city of Germany, by both area and List of cities in Germany by population, population. With 3.7 million inhabitants, it has the List of cities in the European Union by population withi ...
,
Bonn Bonn () is a federal city in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, located on the banks of the Rhine. With a population exceeding 300,000, it lies about south-southeast of Cologne, in the southernmost part of the Rhine-Ruhr region. This ...
, and
Göttingen Göttingen (, ; ; ) is a college town, university city in Lower Saxony, central Germany, the Capital (political), capital of Göttingen (district), the eponymous district. The River Leine runs through it. According to the 2022 German census, t ...
. Harkness was the first American to obtain a degree from Bonn (
Ph.D. A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, DPhil; or ) is a terminal degree that usually denotes the highest level of academic achievement in a given discipline and is awarded following a course of graduate study and original research. The name of the deg ...
, 1854).


Career

In 1855, he was appointed
professor Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an Academy, academic rank at university, universities and other tertiary education, post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin ...
of Greek in Brown University, a position he held until his retirement in 1892. He visited
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in 1870 and 1883 and there investigated educational questions, in particular the methods of German and English universities. He assisted in founding the
American Philological Association The Society for Classical Studies (SCS), formerly known as the American Philological Association (APA), is a non-profit North American scholarly organization devoted to all aspects of Greek and Roman civilization founded in 1869. It is the pree ...
, of which he was a first vice president in 1869-1870 and
president President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Film and television *'' Præsident ...
in 1875–1876. As a member of the Archæological Institute of America, he was appointed in 1881 to the committee on the expediency of establishing an
American School of Classical Studies at Athens The American School of Classical Studies at Athens (ASCSA; ) is one of 19 foreign archaeological institutes in Athens, Greece. It is a member of the Council of American Overseas Research Centers (CAORC). CAORC is a private not-for-profit federat ...
, an institution which was opened in 1882. In 1884, he was elected director of the school. In 1869, he received the degree of
LL.D. A Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) is a doctoral degree in legal studies. The abbreviation LL.D. stands for ''Legum Doctor'', with the double “L” in the abbreviation referring to the early practice in the University of Cambridge to teach both canon law ...
from Brown University. He lectured extensively before learned societies, contributed valuable papers on original researches in
philology Philology () is the study of language in Oral tradition, oral and writing, written historical sources. It is the intersection of textual criticism, literary criticism, history, and linguistics with strong ties to etymology. Philology is also de ...
to the '' Transactions'' of the American Philological Association, and from 1851 published a series of textbooks in Latin studies, of which it may be said that from them dated the beginning of a new era in the Latin department of classical studies in America.


Death

Harkness died in
Providence, Rhode Island Providence () is the List of capitals in the United States, capital and List of municipalities in Rhode Island, most populous city of the U.S. state of Rhode Island. The county seat of Providence County, Rhode Island, Providence County, it is o ...
on May 27, 1907.


Family life

Harkness was the son of Southwick and Phebe (Thayer) Harkness. On May 28, 1849, Harkness married Maria Aldrich Smith. Their son Albert Granger Harkness was a Professor of Roman Literature and History at Brown University, and their daughter Clara Frances married
William Carey Poland William Carey Poland (1846–1929) was an American classical scholar, educator, academic administrator, and former university president. He was Emeritus, Professor Emeritus at Brown University starting in 1915; and the President of Rhode Island Sch ...
, a professor at Brown University.


Published works

* ''First Latin Book'' (1851) * "First Greek Book" (1860, 1885 revised) original cost was $1.05 hardback and was published by American Book Company New York, Cincinnati and Chicago from the press of D. Appleton & Company with two prefaces (original and revised, respectively) * ''Second Latin Book and Reader'' (1853) * ''A Latin Grammar for Schools and Colleges'' (1864) * a ''Latin Reader'' (1865) * ''Introduction to Latin Composition'' (1868, 1888) * annotated editions of Cæsar's ''De Bello Gallico'' (1870, 1886) * select orations of
Cicero Marcus Tullius Cicero ( ; ; 3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, orator, writer and Academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises tha ...
(1973, 1882) * Sallust's ''Catilina'' (1878, 1884) * an annotated ''Course in Latin Prose Authors'' (1878) * a standard ''Latin Grammar'' (1864, 1881), published in a thorough revision with many additions as ''A Complete Latin Grammar'' (1898)


References

*


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Harkness, Albert American male journalists Brown University faculty American classical scholars Educators from Massachusetts Brown University alumni University of Bonn alumni 1822 births 1907 deaths People from Mendon, Massachusetts People from Uxbridge, Massachusetts Writers from Providence, Rhode Island People from Providence County, Rhode Island Worcester Academy alumni Classical scholars of Brown University