Alasha is one of the Kazakh tribes. Alasha is a member of the Bai-Uly (Rich Son) tribe confederation, which is a part of '' Kishi Zhuz'' (Minor Hundred). Bai-Uly includes 12 tribes – Alasha, Berish, Adai, Taz, Altyn, Baibakty, Zhappas, Kyzylkurt, Esentemir, Maskar, Sherkesh, Tana. The battle cry of Alasha is "BaiBarak!". In 1897, members of the Bai-Uly tribe confederation numbered 600,000, or 16.2% of all Kazakhs.

Alasha clans

Alasha is subdivided into 35 different clans. These are: tokbas, akberli',shotqara, atms, sary', kozhamberli', kwdaiberdi', qo'beq, baibarak, zhomart, karabatr, malbasar, ma'mbet, botpanai, baida'ulet, baiseu, koisarw', esnazar, koidw'kwl, tyki', kojaghwl, malai, toghai, maimak, dosai, bo'qes, atalk, kozw'beq, a'iti'mbet, karabwra, bojan, baramw'k, qo'bi'lei, tokberli', kongrbo'riq, jabu.

Origin

Ulaš-oğli: in Russian chronicles 41 Ulashevichi; in Hungarian-Latin documents mentioned as Olaas (pron. Olash). 42According to opinion of Professor,Historian of

Ukrainian History The history of Ukraine spans thousands of years, tracing its roots to the Pontic–Caspian steppe, Pontic steppe—one of the key centers of the Chalcolithic and Bronze Ages, Indo-European migrations, and early domestication of the horse, hors ...

Harvard University Harvard University is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Founded in 1636 and named for its first benefactor, the History of the Puritans in North America, Puritan clergyma ...

Omeljan Pritsak their nomad camps stretched along the Samara River. 43Ulaš < Turk. ulaš – «achieve, reach». 44 Several hypotheses have been formed as to the origins of the Alasha tribes. Based on comparisons of ethnic shapes and tribe symbols, or ''tamga'', some researchers believe that the Alasha are descended from medieval

Naimans The Naiman (; ; Kazakh and , ), meaning The Eight, was a medieval tribe originating in the territory of modern Western Mongolia (possibly during the time of the Uyghur Khaganate), and is one of the 92 tribes of Uzbeks, modern Mongols and in the ...

. However, some Alasha clans have tribal symbols similar to those of the Great Zhuz tribes, Albani and Dulat. Moreover, both the Alasha and Albani tribes encompass the clan Konyr-Borik, suggesting further connections to the Albani tribe. It has also been suggested that the Alasha are descendants of

Alans The Alans () were an ancient and medieval Iranian peoples, Iranic Eurasian nomads, nomadic pastoral people who migrated to what is today North Caucasus – while some continued on to Europe and later North Africa. They are generally regarded ...

. In favor of the hypothesis that the Alasha descend from the Naiman there is a physical resemblance of the Alasha people, with the

Mongol Mongols are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia, China (Inner Mongolia and other 11 autonomous territories), as well as the republics of Buryatia and Kalmykia in Russia. The Mongols are the principal member of the large family of M ...

s, Dakh-Oguz-Qypchaq. There is also the possibility that Alasha are descendants of the ancient

Khalaj people The Khalaj (; ) are a Turkic ethnic group who mainly reside in Iran. In Iran they still speak the Khalaj language, although most of them are Persianized. ''Xalaj'').; excerpts from "The Turkish Dialect of the Khalaj", Bulletin of the School o ...

, who lived in Central Asia. In Russian chronicles, the Alasha are referred to as the Ulashevichi. In The Lay of Igor's Warfare, an old Russian legend, it is written that Ulashevichi captured Vladimir, the son of Prince Igor Svyatoslavich. In another Ukrainian chronicles in the book " Prince Igor. Knight of Red Shields" , Alasha tribe is mentioned under name Ulashevichi. In this book Khan Hzak (Hza, Kzak) was feasting after victorious battle of near Kaiala river (possibly modern

Kalmius The Kalmius (, ) is a river flowing through Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine. Its source is near the Ukrainian city of Yasynuvata, and its mouth is in Mariupol. The Kalmius is one of two rivers flowing through Mariupol. The other is the Kalchyk, which f ...

river) (where Vladimir, the son of Prince Igor Svyatoslavich was captured) with Konchak (Könchek) Khan they were discussing further military campaigns against Rus. Alasha (Ulashevichi) and Berish (Burchevichi) clans supported Khan Hzak (Hza, Kzak) in attacking Severians (Slavic tribal alliance) in Seim (Posemye), while Konchak (Könchek) Khan insisted on attacking Kyiv. Khan Hzak (Hza, Kzak) with his supportive clans Alasha (Ulashevichi) and Berish (Burchevichi) campaigned in Posemye as well as Putyvl ( today city in north-east

Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...

, in

Sumy Oblast Sumy Oblast (), also known as Sumshchyna (), is an oblast (province) in northeast Ukraine. The oblast was created in its modern-day form, from the merging of raions from Kharkiv Oblast, Chernihiv Oblast, and Poltava Oblast in 1939 by the Presid ...

) devastating its vicinity. "And he invaded their lands and burned their villages. He also burned a fortress near the Putyvl."

Geography

In 1801, Bukei Khan led some Alasha to the right bank of the

Ural River The Ural, also known as the Yaik , is a river flowing through Russia and Kazakhstan in the continental border between Europe and Asia. It originates in the southern Ural Mountains and discharges into the Caspian Sea. At , it is the third-longes ...

, and founded a Khanate Bukey (Inner Horde). Nowadays, the people of Alasha live mainly in the West Kazakhstan,

Aktobe Aktobe (, ; ) is a major city located on the Ilek River in western Kazakhstan. It serves as the administrative center of the Aktobe Region and is an important cultural, economic, and industrial hub in the region. As of 2023, the city has a popu ...

and

Atyrau Atyrau (, ; , ; ), known until 1991 as Guryev (), is a city in Kazakhstan and the capital of Atyrau Region. Atyrau is a transcontinental city, at the mouth of the Ural River on the Caspian Sea, between Europe and Asia, west of Almaty and east o ...

oblasts of Kazakhstan an Astrakhan region of modern Russia(known as Astrakhan khanate) which borders with Atyrau region.

Alasha River

* There is an Alasha River, a tributary of the

Yenisei The Yenisey or Yenisei ( ; , ) is the fifth-longest river system in the world, and the largest to drain into the Arctic Ocean. Rising in Mungaragiyn-gol in Mongolia, it follows a northerly course through Lake Baikal and the Krasnoyarsk Dam b ...

, in the West Sayan mountains and on the Aristov's assumption, this place is an ancestral home to the Alasha.

References

All these notations are in Russian language * ""S. Pletnyova, "The Cumans"". http://annales.info/step/pletneva/ * ""Encyclopedia "The Tale of Igor's Campaign"". http://feb-web.ru/feb/slovenc/es/es2/es2-0232.htm * ""The Hypatian Codex"".http://krotov.info/acts/12/pvl/ipat27.htm * "THE KIPCHAKS OF EURASIA: HISTORY, LANGUAGE, AND WRITTEN RECORDS" MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCES OF RK LEV GUMILEV EURASIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY https://dereksiz.org/pars_docs/refs/457/456910/456910.pdf *
Prince Igor. Knights of scarlet shields
. Князь Игорь. Витязи червлёных щитов. by Vladimir Malik Centerpolygraph. {{DEFAULTSORT:Alasha (Tribe) Kazakh tribes

Alasha clans

Origin

Geography

Alasha River

Further reading

See also

References