Al-Qasim Jannun ibn Muhammad () was an Idrisid ruler in

Morocco Morocco, officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It has coastlines on the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to Algeria–Morocc ...

in 937–949. Al-Qasim descended from a cadet branch of the

Idrisid dynasty The Idrisid dynasty or Idrisids ( ') were an Arabs, Arab Muslims, Muslim dynasty from 788 to 974, ruling most of present-day Morocco and parts of present-day western Algeria. Named after the founder, Idris I of Morocco, Idris I, the Idrisids were ...

: his grandfather, al-Qasim, was a younger son of the dynasty's second ruler,

Idris II Idrīs ibn Idrīs () known as Idris II () and Idrīs al-Azhar/al-Aṣghar () (August 791 – August 828), was the son of Idris I of Morocco, Idris I, the founder of the Idrisid dynasty in Morocco. He was born in Volubilis, Walīlī two months aft ...

. At the beginning of the 10th century, Idrisid ruler in Morocco collapsed, amidst civil war between the various branches of the Idrisid family and the rival Abu Sahl family,

Kharijite The Kharijites (, singular ) were an Islamic sect which emerged during the First Fitna (656–661). The first Kharijites were supporters of Ali who rebelled against his acceptance of arbitration talks to settle the conflict with his challeng ...

uprisings, invasion by the newly established

Fatimid Caliphate The Fatimid Caliphate (; ), also known as the Fatimid Empire, was a caliphate extant from the tenth to the twelfth centuries CE under the rule of the Fatimids, an Isma'ili Shi'a dynasty. Spanning a large area of North Africa and West Asia, i ...

, along with the intervention of the

Umayyad The Umayyad Caliphate or Umayyad Empire (, ; ) was the second caliphate established after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty. Uthman ibn Affan, the third of the Rashidun caliphs, was also a membe ...

Caliphate of Cordoba A caliphate ( ) is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph (; , ), a person considered a political–religious successor to the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a leader of the enti ...

. A complicated power struggle ensued in the 930s. Al-Qasim, who ruled parts of the north of the country, initially sided with the Fatimids against the renegade Fatimid general

Musa ibn Abi'l-Afiya Musa may refer to: Places *Mūša, a river in Lithuania and Latvia * Musa, Azerbaijan, a village in Yardymli Rayon * Musa, Iran, a village in Ilam province, Iran * Musa, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Iran * Musa Kalayeh, Gilan province, Iran * Abu M ...

. With Fatimid assistance, Ibn Abi'l-Afiya was defeated and killed, allowing al-Qasim to establish an autonomous emirate in the northern parts of the country, in the

Rif Mountains The Rif (, ), also called Rif Mountains, is a geographic region in northern Morocco. It is bordered on the north by the Mediterranean Sea and Spain and on the west by the Atlantic Ocean, and is the homeland of the Rifians and the Jebala people. ...

and beyond, including

Basra Basra () is a port city in Iraq, southern Iraq. It is the capital of the eponymous Basra Governorate, as well as the List of largest cities of Iraq, third largest city in Iraq overall, behind Baghdad and Mosul. Located near the Iran–Iraq bor ...

, Azayla, and

Tangier Tangier ( ; , , ) is a city in northwestern Morocco, on the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. The city is the capital city, capital of the Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima region, as well as the Tangier-Assilah Prefecture of Moroc ...

. Initially under Fatimid suzerainty, after 944 he shifted towards the Umayyads. On his death in 949, al-Qasim was succeeded by his sons, Abu'l-Aysh and al-Hasan.

Genealogy

References

Sources

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Qasim Jannun Q 949 deaths 10th-century monarchs in Africa 10th-century Moroccan people Year of birth unknown 10th-century Arab people Vassal rulers of the Fatimid Caliphate Vassal rulers of the Caliphate of Córdoba