Al-Khaṭṭāb ibn Nufayl () was an

Arab Arabs (, , ; , , ) are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa. A significant Arab diaspora is present in various parts of the world. Arabs have been in the Fertile Crescent for thousands of years ...

chief Chief may refer to: Title or rank Military and law enforcement * Chief master sergeant, the ninth, and highest, enlisted rank in the U.S. Air Force and U.S. Space Force * Chief of police, the head of a police department * Chief of the boat ...

from the Meccan branch of

Quraysh The Quraysh () are an Tribes of Arabia, Arab tribe who controlled Mecca before the rise of Islam. Their members were divided into ten main clans, most notably including the Banu Hashim, into which Islam's founding prophet Muhammad was born. By ...

. He lived during the sixth century and was a contemporary of the Islamic prophet

Muhammad Muhammad (8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious and political leader and the founder of Islam. Muhammad in Islam, According to Islam, he was a prophet who was divinely inspired to preach and confirm the tawhid, monotheistic teachings of A ...

. His son

Umar Umar ibn al-Khattab (; ), also spelled Omar, was the second Rashidun caliph, ruling from August 634 until his assassination in 644. He succeeded Abu Bakr () and is regarded as a senior companion and father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Mu ...

would later become

Muslim Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a Monotheism, monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God ...

, and would come to be the second

Rashidun Caliph The Rashidun Caliphate () is a title given for the reigns of first caliphs (lit. "successors") — Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali collectively — believed to represent the perfect Islam and governance who led the Muslim community and po ...

. He was the ancestor of a good number of the

companions of the Prophet The Companions of the Prophet () were the Muslim disciples and followers of the Islamic prophet Muhammad who saw or met him during his lifetime. The companions played a major role in Muslim battles, society, hadith narration, and governance ...

Biography

Al-Khattab was the son of Nufayl ibn Abd al-Uzza. His father was the chief of

Banu Adi Banu Adi () was a clan of the Quraysh tribe descended from Adi ibn Ka'b. The Banu Adi were with the Meccans as part of the escort that preceded the Battle of Badr; they did not join Quraysh further. Notable members Clan members include: * Umar ...

clan of

. After the death of his father, he succeeded him as the chief of Banu Adi. Al-Khattab had a brother who died young. The name of this bother was Amr ibn Nufayl. Amr had a son named Zayd. He had good relations with his tribesmen and kin. However, his relationship with his nephew Zayd ibn Amr started gradually deteriorating because his nephew had denied the subordinate gods to Allāh and he embraced strict monotheism. This angered many members of Nufayl family and Banu Adi clan. Zayd's wife Safiya disliked his travels to Syria. Whenever she saw him preparing for a journey, she reported it to al-Khattab, who would reproach Zayd for abandoning their religion. Zayd did not bother to explain himself to al-Khattab, but he rebuked Safiya for trying to humiliate him. Al-Khattab harassed Zayd so severely that Zayd was forced to leave the city. He spent the last few years of his life in the mountain caves surrounding Mecca. Al-Khattab then instructed the "young irresponsible men of the Quraysh" to ensure that Zayd could never enter the city again. Whenever Zayd tried to enter in secret, al-Khattab's men drove him out again.Guillaume, A. (1960). ''New Light on the Life of Muhammad'', p. 27. Manchester: Manchester University Press. One time, his nephew Zayd ibn Amr taunted him for worshiping idols. He had a son,

. His other children included a daughter, Fatimah bint al-Khattab, and a son

Zayd ibn al-Khattab Zayd ibn al-Khaṭṭāb (; – 632) was a companion of the Islamic prophet Muḥammad and a brother of Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second Islamic caliph. Biography He was the son of al-Khattab ibn Nufayl, a member of the Adi clan of the Qura ...

. The daughter married the

hanif In Islam, the terms (; , ) and (; ) are primarily used to refer to pre-Islamic Arabians who were Abrahamic monotheists. Muslims regard these people favorably for shunning Arabian polytheism and instead solely worshipping the God of Abraha ...

Said ibn Zayd Saʿīd ibn Zayd (; 593-671), also known by his '' kunya'' Abūʾl-Aʿwar, was a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a brother-in-law of Umar. Sa'id has been described as a tall, hairy, dark-skinned man. Conversion to Islam Sa ...

, and later both became Muslim. However, they hid their new faith from al-Khattab and Umar. Al-Khattab died between

614 __NOTOC__ Year 614 ( DCXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 614 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe ...

and

616 __NOTOC__ Year 616 ( DCXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 616 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe f ...

. In accounts preserved by al-Yahsubi (d. 1149), al-Khattab converted to Islam.

Family

Al-Khattab was the relative of many Companions of

. ; Father * Nufayl ibn Abd al-Uzza, He was a slave of Abdul Muttalib. ; Mother * Sahak, she was a shepherd who worked for Abdul Muttalib. ; Wife *

Hantamah bint Hisham Ḥantamah bint Hashim () was the mother of Umar ibn al-Khattab and wife of Khattab ibn Nufayl. She lived during the 6th century and was a contemporary of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Her son Umar would become Muslim and is regarded as the seco ...

, she belongs to the wealthy clan of Quraysh

Banu Makhzum The Banu Makhzum () was one of the wealthy clans of the Quraysh (tribe), Quraysh. They are regarded as being among the three most powerful and influential clans in Mecca before the advent of Islam, the other two being the Banu Hashim (the tribe of ...

. * Asma bint Wahb, was the second wife of al-Khattab ;Children The children of al-Khattab are: *

Umar ibn al-Khattab Umar ibn al-Khattab (; ), also spelled Omar, was the second Rashidun caliph, ruling from August 634 until his assassination in 644. He succeeded Abu Bakr () and is regarded as a senior companion and father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muh ...

, he was the elder son of Hantamah and Al-Khattab * Fatimah bint al-Khattab, daughter of Hantamah and Al-Khattab *

, he was the son of Al-Khattab and his second wife Asma bint Wahb. ;Daughters and sons-in-law *

Sa'id bin Zayd Saʿīd ibn Zayd (; 593-671), also known by his '' kunya'' Abūʾl-Aʿwar, was a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a brother-in-law of Umar. Sa'id has been described as a tall, hairy, dark-skinned man. Conversion to Islam Sa ...

Zaynab bint Madhun Zaynab bint Maẓʿūn (Arabic: زينب بنت مظعون) was the first wife of Umar. Biography She was the daughter of Maz'un ibn Habib of the Jumah clan of the Quraysh in Mecca;Muhammad ibn Saad. ''Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir'' vol. 3. Transl ...

, she married Umar before 605Muhammad ibn Saad. ''Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir'' vol. 8. Translated by Bewley, A. (1995). ''The Women of Madina''. London: Ta-Ha Publishers. *

Umm Kulthum bint Jarwal Umm Kulthūm bint Jarwal (Arabic: أم كلثم بنت جرول), also known as Mulayka (Arabic: مليكة), was a wife of Umar and a companion of Muhammad. Biography She was born in Mecca as a member of the Khuza'a tribe. Her father was e ...

, she married Umar ibn al-Khattab before 616, *

Qurayba bint Abi Umayya Qurayba "the Younger" bint Abi Umayya was a companion of Muhammad and was a wife of the second Rashidun caliph, Umar, and then of the first Umayyad caliph, Mu'awiya. Biography Family She was from the Makhzum clan of the Quraysh tribe in Mecca. ...

, she married Umar before 616.Muhammad ibn Ishaq. ''Sirat Rasul Allah''. Translated by Guillaume, A. (1955). ''The Life of Muhammad''. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari. ''Tarikh al-Rusul wa'l-Muluk''. Translated by Fishbein, M. (1997). ''Volume 8: The Victory of Islam''. Albany: State University of New York Press. ;Grandchildren *

Hafsa bint Umar Hafsa bint Umar (; 605–665) was the fourth wife of Muhammad and a daughter of the second caliph Umar (). In Islamic writings, her name is thus often prefixed by the title "Mother of the Believers" (Arabic: أمّ المؤمنين, romanized ...

Abdullah ibn Umar ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb (; ), commonly known as Ibn Umar, was a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a son of the second Caliph Umar. He was a prominent authority in ''hadith'' and law. He remained neutral during th ...

* Ubaydullah ibn Umar *

Zayd ibn Umar Zayd ibn ʿUmar (), was a son of the second caliph Omar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb and his wife Umm Kulthum bint Ali, a granddaughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Biography He was the son of Umar ibnul Khattab and Umm Kulthum bint Ali.Muhammad ibn ...

Asim ibn Umar Asim ibn Umar ibn al-Khattab (; –c. 689) was the son of Jamila bint Thabit and Umar, Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second Rashidun Caliphate, Rashidun caliph. Asim was also a famous Hadith studies, hadith scholar. Biography Asim was the son of Umar ...

, famous early Muslim scholar. * Abdurrahman ibn Sa'id ibn Zayd, also known as Zayd Abdur Rahman the Elder, was the son of his daughter Fatima.

References

External links

*https://web.archive.org/web/20120717072558/http://www.sunnahonline.com/ilm/seerah/0019.htm {{DEFAULTSORT:Khattab ibn Nufayl Umar 6th-century Arab people Banu Adi People from Mecca