Aincille (; ; )AINTZILLA

Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia Pic d'Anie (Basque Auñamendi) is a mountain of the Pyrenees in France, located close to the Spanish border. It is high. The mountain boasts an almost perfect pyramidal shape and is surrounded by the spectacular karst landscape of. ''Larra'', ...

is a commune in the

Pyrénées-Atlantiques Pyrénées-Atlantiques (; Gascon language, Gascon Occitan language, Occitan: ''Pirenèus Atlantics''; ) is a Departments of France, department located in the Regions of France, region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine in the southwest corner of metropolitan ...

department in the

Nouvelle-Aquitaine Nouvelle-Aquitaine () is the largest Regions of France, administrative region in France by area, spanning the west and southwest of Metropolitan France. The region was created in 2014 by the merging of Aquitaine, Limousin, and Poitou-Charentes ...

region In geography, regions, otherwise referred to as areas, zones, lands or territories, are portions of the Earth's surface that are broadly divided by physical characteristics (physical geography), human impact characteristics (human geography), and ...

in southwestern

France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...

Geography

Location

The town is part of Cize Country in the former

Basque Basque may refer to: * Basques, an ethnic group of Spain and France * Basque language, their language Places * Basque Country (greater region), the homeland of the Basque people with parts in both Spain and France * Basque Country (autonomous co ...

province A province is an administrative division within a country or sovereign state, state. The term derives from the ancient Roman , which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire, Roman Empire's territorial possessions ou ...

Lower Navarre Lower Navarre (; Gascon/Bearnese: ''Navarra Baisha''; ; ) is a traditional region of the present-day French '' département'' of Pyrénées-Atlantiques. It corresponds to the northernmost ''region'' of the Kingdom of Navarre during the Middle A ...

. It is located some 50 km south-east of

Bayonne Bayonne () is a city in southwestern France near the France–Spain border, Spanish border. It is a communes of France, commune and one of two subprefectures in France, subprefectures in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques departments of France, departm ...

and 5 km southeast of

Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port (literally "Saint John

t the T, or t, is the twentieth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''tee'' (pronounced ), plural ''tees''. It is d ...

Foot of hePass"; ; ; ) is a Communes of France, commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques Departments of France, department in south-western France. It is close to Ostabat in the Pyrenean f ...

Access

The commune can be accessed by the D401 road from

Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port (literally "Saint John

Foot of hePass"; ; ; ) is a Communes of France, commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques Departments of France, department in south-western France. It is close to Ostabat in the Pyrenean f ...

in the northwest to the village. From the village the D118 road goes north to join the D18 highway.Google Maps
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Hydrography

Located in the

drainage basin A drainage basin is an area of land in which all flowing surface water converges to a single point, such as a river mouth, or flows into another body of water, such as a lake or ocean. A basin is separated from adjacent basins by a perimeter, ...

of the Adour, the northeastern border of the commune is marked by the Laurhibar river, which flows north to join the

Nive The Nive (; ; ) is a French river that flows through the French Basque Country. It is a left tributary of the river Adour. It is long. The river's source in the Pyrenees in Lower Navarre. The river Nive was made famous by the ''Le petit Nicol ...

north of

Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port (literally "Saint John

Foot of hePass"; ; ; ) is a Communes of France, commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques Departments of France, department in south-western France. It is close to Ostabat in the Pyrenean f ...

. A stream rises near the village and flows to the Laurhibar in the north-east. The Urtchipea rises in the south of the commune and flows northwest gathering many tributaries and joins the ''Nive de Beherobie'' at Saint-Michel. The Sassitako erreka rises southwest of the village and flows northwest joining the Laurhibar east of

Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port (literally "Saint John

Foot of hePass"; ; ; ) is a Communes of France, commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques Departments of France, department in south-western France. It is close to Ostabat in the Pyrenean f ...

Localities and hamlets

* Ahadoa * Aïntzilsarria * Bassaburua * Bentaberria * Berho * Chiramberroa * Esconda * Etcheverrigaraya * Gamaberria * Goyhenetchéa * Handiague * Harchilo * Jaureguia * Oilloquy * Pagola * Sahaby * Sotalda

Toponymy

The commune name in

basque Basque may refer to: * Basques, an ethnic group of Spain and France * Basque language, their language Places * Basque Country (greater region), the homeland of the Basque people with parts in both Spain and France * Basque Country (autonomous co ...

is ''Aintzila'' meaning "hill of mud",Ministry of Culture, Mérimée ''Aintzila'' or ''Aintzil-Harrieta''.Pierre Lhande, Dictionary basque-French, Éditions Beauchène, 1 April 1997, Jean-Baptiste Orpustan wrote the name of the commune in the form ''Aïncille''. He also indicated that in Basque the inhabitants are referred to as ''Aintzildar''. The following table details the origins of the commune name. Sources: *Mérimée: Presentation of the Commune of Aincille on the Ministry of Culture website *Orpustan: Jean-Baptiste Orpustan,
'' New Basque Toponymy''
ref name="Orpustan">Jean-Baptiste Orpustan,
''New Basque Toponymy''
Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, *

Raymond Raymond is a male given name of Germanic origin. It was borrowed into English from French (older French spellings were Reimund and Raimund, whereas the modern English and French spellings are identical). It originated as the Germanic ᚱᚨᚷ� ...

:''
''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. ''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 *Cassini: Origins: *Intendance: Intendance of PauTitles of the intendance of Pau - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques

History

Part of Aincille territory next to the communes of

Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan (; ) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France. The people of the commune are known as ''Ahastar''. Geography Location Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan is pa ...

Bustince-Iriberry Bustince-Iriberry (; )BUSTINTZE-HIRIBERRY

Çaro Çaro (; ) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France. It is located in the former province of Lower Navarre Lower Navarre (; Gascon/Bearnese: ''Navarra Baisha''; ; ) is a traditional region of the pres ...

Lecumberry Lecumberry (; )LEKUNBERRI

Mendive Mendive (; ) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France. It is located in the former province of Lower Navarre. See also *Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department The following is a list of the ...

, Saint-Jean-le-Vieux, and Saint-Michel, was taken on 11 June 1842 to form of the commune of

Estérençuby Estérençuby (; )EZTERENZUBI
List of Successive Mayors of Aincille

Inter-communality

The commune belongs to six intercommunal structures: *the Communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque *the AEP association of Ainhice *the energy association for Pyrenees-Atlantiques *the intercommunal association for the development and management of the slaughterhouse at

Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port (literally "Saint John

Foot of hePass"; ; ; ) is a Communes of France, commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques Departments of France, department in south-western France. It is close to Ostabat in the Pyrenean f ...

*the joint association for the watershed of the Nive *the association to support Basque culture.

Population

The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Aintzildars''. Aincille War Memorial

Economy

The town is part of the production area of

Irouléguy AOC Irouléguy AOC wines (; , ) come from Lower Navarre in the Northern Basque Country, France and are usually considered as part of the wine region of South West France (''Sud-Ouest''). They are named after the village of Irouléguy and are the only ...

and the

Appellation d'origine contrôlée In France, the ''appellation d'origine contrôlée'' (, ; abbr. AOC ) is a label that identifies an agricultural product whose stages of production and processing are carried out in a defined geographical area – the ''terroir'' – and using ...

(AOC) zone of

Ossau-iraty Ossau-Iraty () is a Basque cheese made from sheep's milk. Origin Ossau-Iraty or Esquirrou is produced in south-western France, in the Northern Basque Country and in Béarn. Its name reflects its geographical location, the Ossau Valley in Béarn ...

. Economic activity is mainly agricultural. Aincille had long received ''saline'' (saline of Ugarré) since the 17th century and had the distinction of being a corporation with ownership of twenty-nine old houses of the town and was reunited with the royal domain in 1683.

Culture and heritage

Languages

According to the ''Map of the Seven Basque Provinces'' published in 1863 by Prince

Louis-Lucien Bonaparte Louis Lucien Bonaparte (4 January 1813 – 3 November 1891) was a French philologist. The third son of Napoleon's second surviving brother, Lucien Bonaparte, he spent much of his life outside France for political reasons. After a brief politic ...

, the dialect of Basque spoken in Aincille is Eastern

Low Navarrese Navarro-Labourdin or Navarro-Lapurdian () is a Basque dialect spoken in the Lower Navarre and Labourd (Lapurdi) former provinces of the French Basque Country (in the Pyrénées Atlantiques ''département''). It consists of two dialects in old ...

Civil heritage

The commune has several sites that are registered as historical monuments: *Houses and Farms (18th-19th century) *The Idiondoa Farmhouse (1617) *The Ahadoberria Farmhouse (1768)

Religious Heritage

The commune has several religious sites that are registered as historical monuments: *The Croix de Carrefour (Crossroads Cross) Wayside Cross *A Cemetery Cross (17th century) *The Parish Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary and Saint John the Baptist (Middle Ages) The church contains two items that are registered as historical objects: **A Processional Cross (18th century) **A Statue: Virgin and child (13th century)Ministry of Culture, Palissy ;Church Picture Gallery Aincille Church Main Altar.JPG, Aincille The Main Altar Aincille Church Processional Cross.JPG, The Processional Cross ;Stained Glass Aincille Church Stained Glass Saint Basile.JPG, Saint Basile Aincille Church Stained Glass Saint Joachin.JPG, Saint Joachin Aincille Church Stained Glass Saint Pierre.JPG, Saint Pierre Aincille Church Stained Glass Sainte Anne.JPG, Saint Anne

References

External links

''Aincille'' on the 1750 Cassini Map
{{authority control Communes of Pyrénées-Atlantiques Lower Navarre