Ahmed bin Qutlugh ( Azerbaijani and ; died 1403), was the third bey of the

Aq Qoyunlu The Aq Qoyunlu or the White Sheep Turkomans (, ; ) was a culturally Persianate society, Persianate,Kaushik Roy, ''Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400–1750'', (Bloomsbury, 2014), 38; "Post-Mongol Persia and Iraq were ruled by two trib ...

confederation (1389-1403).

Biography

Ahmad was the eldest of the four sons of Fakhr ud-Din Qutlug-Bey and Despina Khatun. In 1379, he was sent by his father to

Erzincan Erzincan (; ), historically Yerznka (), is the capital of Erzincan Province in eastern Turkey. Nearby cities include Erzurum, Sivas, Tunceli, Bingöl, Elazığ, Malatya, Gümüşhane, Bayburt, and Giresun. The city is majority Turkish Sunni w ...

to fend off an

Eretnid The Eretnids () were a dynasty that ruled a state spanning central and eastern Anatolia from 1335 to 1381. The dynasty's founder, Eretna, was an Ilkhanid officer of Uyghur origin, under Timurtash, who was appointed as the governor of Anatolia. ...

attack by the sultan Ala al-Din Ali. The alliance was later sealed with a marriage between Ahmed's daughter and the Bey of Erzincan, Mutahhartan. Following this, Ahmad attacked

Sivas Sivas is a city in central Turkey. It is the seat of Sivas Province and Sivas District.İl Beledi ...

killing a general of the Eretnid Qadi Burhaneddin. Unable to capture the city, he had to withdraw. In 1388, Ahmad pledged his loyalty to Burhaneddin, leaving his brother Kara Usman in Sivas as a hostage. Ahmad had assumed the military leadership of the Aq Qoyunlu about ten years before his father, Qutlug-Bey's death. After the death of his father in 1389, Mutahhartan, with the backing of the

Kara Koyunlu The Qara Qoyunlu or Kara Koyunlu (, ; ), also known as the Black Sheep Turkomans, were a culturally Persianate, Muslim Turkoman "Kara Koyunlu, also spelled Qara Qoyunlu, Turkish Karakoyunlular, English Black Sheep, Turkmen tribal federation th ...

, broke their treaty. After losing a number of military encounters, Ahmed was forced to seek protection with Burhaneddin in Sivas. In alliance with Burhaneddin, he made campaigns against the rebellious vassals of Tokat and Amasia. At the same time, Ahmad managed to become the sole ruler of Aq Qoyunlu. In 1395, together with Qadi Burhaneddin, he attacked Erzincan, which was captured and plundered. Ahmad was given the city and territory including

Bayburt Bayburt () is a city in northeast Turkey lying on the Çoruh River. It is the seat of Bayburt Province and Bayburt District.Timur Timur, also known as Tamerlane (1320s17/18 February 1405), was a Turco-Mongol conqueror who founded the Timurid Empire in and around modern-day Afghanistan, Iran, and Central Asia, becoming the first ruler of the Timurid dynasty. An undefeat ...

's approach. By 1403, Ahmad, considered a common outlaw, was imprisoned by Kara Usman.

References

Sources

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Qutlugh, Ahmed bin 14th-century Aq Qoyunlu rulers Oghuz Turks 1403 deaths Year of birth unknown 15th-century Aq Qoyunlu rulers