Adriaan Kluit (9 February 1735 – 12 January 1807) was a Dutch scholar, important in Dutch linguistics. He was born in
Dordrecht
Dordrecht (), historically known in English as Dordt (still colloquially used in Dutch, ) or Dort, is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the Western Netherlands, lo ...
. He was rector of the Latin school in
Alkmaar
Alkmaar () is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the Netherlands, located in the Provinces of the Netherlands, province of North Holland. Alkmaar is well known fo ...
and
Middelburg Middelburg may refer to:
Places and jurisdictions Europe
* Middelburg, Zeeland, the capital city of the province of Zeeland, southwestern Netherlands
** Roman Catholic Diocese of Middelburg, a former Catholic diocese with its see in the Zeeland ...
. In 1779 he became the professor of history at the
University of Leiden
Leiden University (abbreviated as ''LEI''; ) is a public research university in Leiden, Netherlands. Established in 1575 by William, Prince of Orange as a Protestant institution, it holds the distinction of being the oldest university in the Neth ...
, remaining there until his death.
Kluit has two major historical works to his name: (published between 1777 and 1782 in Middelburg) and (''History of the Dutch State Government until 1795'', published between 1802 and 1805). In the latter, Kluit examined the origins of the
states of Holland The States of Holland and West Frisia () were the representation of the two Estates (''standen'') to the court of the Count of Holland. After the United Provinces were formed — and there no longer was a count, but only his "lieutenant" (the stad ...
and their position from the Middle Ages until 1795 – he concluded that the states was not sovereign, but its (lord) was.
Major works
* (Utrecht 1773).
* 2 Vols. (Middelburg 1777–1784);
Vol. 1;
Vol. 2.
* (Leiden 1779)
Online
* (Leiden 1780)
Online
* (Leiden 1784/1787).
* (Leiden 1785/1788).
* 3 Vols. (Leiden 1790–1791);
Vol. 1;
Vol. 2;
Vol. 3
* (Leiden 1790)
Online.
* (Amsterdam 1793)
Online.
* (Amsterdam 1794)
Online.
* 5 Vols. (Amsterdam 1802–1805);
Vol. 1;
Vol. 2;
Vol. 3;
Vol. 4;
Vol. 5.
Bibliography
* Koen Stapelbroek, Ida H. Stamhuis & Paul M.M. Klep, 'Adriaan Kluit's statistics and the future of the Dutch state from a European perspective', ''History of European Ideas'' 36(2) (2010) 217–235.
* Igor van de Built, (Amsterdam 2009).
* Wyger Velema, 'Contemporary Reactions to Patriot Political Discourse', in idem, ''Republicans: Essays on Eighteenth-century Dutch Political Thought'' (Boston 2007).
* Ivo Schöffer, '', Afscheidscollege Rijksuniversiteit Leiden (Leiden 1988).
* Theo Veen, '', ''Bijdragen en Mededelingen betreffende de Geschiedenis der Nederlanden'' 97 (Den Haag 1982) 185–215.
* F.W.N. Hugenholtz, '', in P.A.M. Geurts en A.E.M. Jansen (red.), ''Geschiedschrijving in Nederland'' (Den Haag 1981) 143–164.
* A.Th. van Deursen, '' in: P.A.M. Geurts & A.E.M. Janssen (red.), ''Geschiedschrijving in Nederland'' (Den Haag, 1971/1981).
* E.V. Vrij, '', ''Leids Jaarboekje'' 63 (1971) 121–142.
* Otto van Rees, '', ''Tijdschrift voor Staathuishoudkunde en statistiek'' 12 (1855) 245–262.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kluit, Adriaan
1735 births
1807 deaths
18th-century Dutch historians
Linguists from the Dutch Republic
18th-century Dutch educators
Academic staff of Leiden University
Utrecht University alumni
People from Dordrecht
19th-century Dutch historians