Adolphe Joseph Reinach (12 January 1887 – 30 August 1914) was a French archaeologist and

Egyptologist Egyptology (from ''Egypt'' and Greek , '' -logia''; ar, علم المصريات) is the study of ancient Egyptian history, language, literature, religion, architecture and art from the 5th millennium BC until the end of its native religious ...

who participated in excavations in Greece and Egypt and published works on the

Gauls The Gauls ( la, Galli; grc, Γαλάται, ''Galátai'') were a group of Celtic peoples of mainland Europe in the Iron Age and the Roman period (roughly 5th century BC to 5th century AD). Their homeland was known as Gaul (''Gallia''). They s ...

. Working in Egypt for the Société française des fouilles archéologiques with Raymond Weill in 1910-1911, he discovered the

Coptos Decrees The Coptos Decrees are 18 complete or fragmentary ancient Egyptian royal decrees ranging from the 6th Dynasty (2345–2180 BC) to the late 8th Dynasty (c. 2170 BC). The decrees are numbered with letters of the Latin alphabet, starting with "Copt ...

in the temple of Min at

Coptos Qift ( arz, قفط ; cop, Ⲕⲉϥⲧ, link=no ''Keft'' or ''Kebto''; Egyptian Gebtu; grc, Κόπτος, link=no ''Coptos'' / ''Koptos''; Roman Justinianopolis) is a small town in the Qena Governorate of Egypt about north of Luxor, situated u ...

Biography

Adolphe Reinach was born on 12 January 1887 in the

8th arrondissement of Paris The 8th arrondissement of Paris (''VIIIe arrondissement'') is one of the 20 arrondissements of the capital city of France. In spoken French, the arrondissement is colloquially referred to as ''le huitième'' ("the eighth"). The arrondissement, ...

, the son of the archaeologist

Joseph Reinach Joseph Reinach (30 September 1856 – 18 April 1921) was a French author and politician. Biography He was born in Paris. His two brothers Salomon Reinach and Théodore Reinach would later be known in the field of archaeology. After studying at Ly ...

(1856-1921) and his wife Henriette-Clémentine Reinach (1866-1918). Adolphe did numerous travels around the Mediterranean and consequently studied at the

French School at Athens The French School at Athens (french: École française d’Athènes, EfA; el, Γαλλική Σχολή Αθηνών ''Gallikí Scholí Athinón'') is one of the seventeen foreign archaeological institutes operating in Athens, Greece. History ...

from 1909 until 1911. He participated in excavations in

Thasos Thasos or Thassos ( el, Θάσος, ''Thásos'') is a Greek island in the North Aegean Sea. It is the northernmost major Greek island, and 12th largest by area. The island has an area of and a population of about 13,000. It forms a separate r ...

and then proposed to excavate the site of

Qift Qift ( arz, قفط ; cop, Ⲕⲉϥⲧ, link=no ''Keft'' or ''Kebto''; Egyptian Gebtu; grc, Κόπτος, link=no ''Coptos'' / ''Koptos''; Roman Justinianopolis) is a small town in the Qena Governorate of Egypt about north of Luxor, situated und ...

in Egypt for the :fr:Société française d'archéologie. After securing the necessary funds in 1910, he directed the works in Qift with Raymond Weill and André Martinaud, who documented the excavations with numerous photographs. It is during this time that Adolphe Reinach uncovered the

dating back to the end of the

Old Kingdom In ancient Egyptian history, the Old Kingdom is the period spanning c. 2700–2200 BC. It is also known as the "Age of the Pyramids" or the "Age of the Pyramid Builders", as it encompasses the reigns of the great pyramid-builders of the Fourt ...

and

First Intermediate Period The First Intermediate Period, described as a 'dark period' in ancient Egyptian history, spanned approximately 125 years, c. 2181–2055 BC, after the end of the Old Kingdom. It comprises the Seventh (although this is mostly considered spuriou ...

. A number of the artefacts unearthed by Reinach are now housed in the Musée Guimet and

Museum of Fine Arts of Lyon The Museum of Fine Arts of Lyon (french: Musée des Beaux-Arts de Lyon) is a municipal museum of fine arts in the French city of Lyon. Located near the Place des Terreaux, it is housed in a former Benedictine convent which was active during th ...

, both in Lyon. With the onset of the

First World War World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fig ...

, Adolphe Reinach was mobilised. A

lieutenant A lieutenant ( , ; abbreviated Lt., Lt, LT, Lieut and similar) is a commissioned officer rank in the armed forces of many nations. The meaning of lieutenant differs in different militaries (see comparative military ranks), but it is often ...

Cuirassier Cuirassiers (; ) were cavalry equipped with a cuirass, sword, and pistols. Cuirassiers first appeared in mid-to-late 16th century Europe as a result of armoured cavalry, such as men-at-arms and demi-lancers, discarding their lances and adopt ...

s in the 46e régiment d'infanterie in the

French Army The French Army, officially known as the Land Army (french: Armée de Terre, ), is the land-based and largest component of the French Armed Forces. It is responsible to the Government of France, along with the other components of the Armed Force ...

, he was killed in Fossé in the Ardennes soon after the beginning of the war, at the end of August 1914. Reinach had married Marguerite Dreyfus, daughter of

Mathieu Dreyfus Mathieu Dreyfus (1857–1930) was an Alsatian Jewish industrialist and the older brother of Alfred Dreyfus, a French military officer falsely convicted of treason in what became known as the Dreyfus affair. Mathieu was one of his brother's mos ...

and niece of

Alfred Dreyfus Alfred Dreyfus ( , also , ; 9 October 1859 – 12 July 1935) was a French artillery officer of Jewish ancestry whose trial and conviction in 1894 on charges of treason became one of the most polarizing political dramas in modern French history ...

, and had a son, Jean-Pierre Reinach (1915–1942), born after his father's death. Jean-Pierre was killed during the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...

, at the same age as his father was during the First.

Works

* Adolphe Reinach: ''L'Égypte préhistorique'', 1908, Kessinger Publishing, new edition 2010,
available online
* Adolphe Reinach: ''Voyageurs et pèlerins dans l'Égypte gréco-romaine'', Bulletin de la Société archéologique d'Alexandrie, Société de publications égyptiennes, 1910. * Adolphe Reinach: ''Égyptologie et histoire des religions'', Imprimerie F. Paillart, 1913. *

Salomon Reinach Salomon Reinach (29 August 1858 – 4 November 1932) was a French archaeologist, religious historian and was a major figure in the Franco-Jewish establishment in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. He was vice president of the m ...

, Paul Milliet, Adolphe Reinach: ''Recueil Milliet; textes grecs et latins relatifs à l'histoire de la peinture ancienne publiés, traduits et commentés, sous le patronage de l'Association des études grecques'', Vol 1., 1921, new edition 2013, HardPress Publishing, . See also Adolphe Reinach (éd.), ''Recueil Milliet. Textes grecs et latins relatifs à l'histoire de la peinture ancienne'', 1, Paris, 1921
en ligne
; nouv. éd. complète par Agnès Rouveret, Paris, 1985 (repr. 1991), . * Victor Chapot, Adolphe Reinach, Gaston Colin: ''L'Hellénisation du monde antique: leçons faites à l'École des Hautes Études Sociales'', (1914), Kessinger Publishing, new edition 2010, . * Adolphe Reinach: ''La Question crétoise : vue de Crète'', Paris : Geuthner; 1st Edition (1910). * Adolphe Reinach: ''Les têtes coupées et les trophées en Gaule'', E. Champion, Paris 1913. * Adolphe Reinach: ''Divinités gauloises au serpent'', E. Leroux, 1911.

Notes

References

* Biography of

Adolf Reinach Adolf Bernhard Philipp Reinach (23 December 1883 – 16 November 1917) was a German philosopher, phenomenologist (from the Munich phenomenology school) and law theorist. Life and work Adolf Reinach was born into a prominent Jewish family in M ...

, German philosopher and family member of Adolphe Reinach. The biography mentions Aldolphe Reinac
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Reinach 1887 births 1914 deaths French archaeologists French classical scholars French Egyptologists French military personnel killed in World War I 20th-century archaeologists