Adolf Ferdinand Weinhold (19 May 1841 – 1 July 1917) was a German

chemist A chemist (from Greek ''chēm(ía)'' alchemy; replacing ''chymist'' from Medieval Latin ''alchemist'') is a graduated scientist trained in the study of chemistry, or an officially enrolled student in the field. Chemists study the composition of ...

physician A physician, medical practitioner (British English), medical doctor, or simply doctor is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through the Medical education, study, Med ...

and

inventor An invention is a unique or novel device, method, composition, idea, or process. An invention may be an improvement upon a machine, product, or process for increasing efficiency or lowering cost. It may also be an entirely new concept. If an ...

Life

From 1857 to 1861 Weinhold studied chemistry and physics at universities in

Göttingen Göttingen (, ; ; ) is a college town, university city in Lower Saxony, central Germany, the Capital (political), capital of Göttingen (district), the eponymous district. The River Leine runs through it. According to the 2022 German census, t ...

and in

Leipzig Leipzig (, ; ; Upper Saxon: ; ) is the most populous city in the States of Germany, German state of Saxony. The city has a population of 628,718 inhabitants as of 2023. It is the List of cities in Germany by population, eighth-largest city in Ge ...

. His mentors were

Otto Linné Erdmann Otto Linné Erdmann (11 April 1804 – 9 October 1869) was a German chemist. He was the son of Karl Gottfried Erdmann Karl Gottfried Erdmann (31 March 1774 – 13 January 1835) was a German physician and botanist. He was the father of chemis ...

and

Friedrich Wöhler Friedrich Wöhler Royal Society of London, FRS(For) HonFRSE (; 31 July 180023 September 1882) was a German chemist known for his work in both organic chemistry, organic and inorganic chemistry, being the first to isolate the chemical elements be ...

. In Germany, Weinhold worked after university studies as chemist and physician. He was appointed professor at

Chemnitz University of Technology Chemnitz University of Technology () is a public university in Chemnitz, Germany. With around 8,300 students, it is the third largest university in Saxony. It was founded in 1836 as ''Königliche Gewerbschule'' (Royal Mercantile College) and ...

in 1870. In 1873 he was granted a D. Phil from the

University of Leipzig Leipzig University (), in Leipzig in Saxony, Germany, is one of the world's oldest universities and the second-oldest university (by consecutive years of existence) in Germany. The university was founded on 2 December 1409 by Frederick I, Electo ...

. In 1881, he applied the

vacuum flask A vacuum flask (also known as a Dewar flask, Dewar bottle or thermos) is an insulating storage vessel that slows the speed at which its contents change in temperature. It greatly lengthens the time over which its contents remain hotter or coo ...

James Dewar Sir James Dewar ( ; 20 September 1842 – 27 March 1923) was a Scottish chemist and physicist. He is best known for his invention of the vacuum flask, which he used in conjunction with research into the liquefaction of gases. He also studie ...

to chemistry, using it as a

cold trap In vacuum applications, a cold trap is a device that condenses all vapors except the permanent gases (hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen) into a liquid or solid. The most common objective is to prevent vapors being evacuated from an experiment from ...

. The flask itself was patented in 1903 by the

glassblower Glassblowing is a glassforming technique that involves inflating molten glass into a bubble (or parison) with the aid of a Blowpipe (tool), blowpipe (or blow tube). A person who blows glass is called a ''glassblower'', ''glassmith'', or ''gaffer'' ...

, who founded Thermos GmbH on its basis.Deutschen Reichspatent 170057 of 1 October 1903

Works by Weinhold

* ''Leitfaden für den physikalischen Unterricht'' (24 editions) * ''Physikalische Demonstrationen – Anleitung zum Experimentieren im Unterricht an Gymnasien, Realschulen und Gewerbschulen'' (7 editions) * ''Vorschule der Experimentalphysik – Naturlehre in elementarer Darstellung nebst Anleitung zur Ausfertigung der Apparate'' (5 editions) *

References

External links

*
Chemnitz University of Technology:Life and works of Weinhold
* 1841 births 1917 deaths People from Zwenkau People from the Kingdom of Saxony 19th-century German chemists {{Germany-chemist-stub