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Genetic admixture occurs when previously diverged or isolated genetic lineages mix.⅝ Admixture results in the introduction of new genetic lineages into a population.


Examples

Climatic cycles facilitate genetic admixture in cold periods and genetic diversification in warm periods. Natural flooding can cause genetic admixture within populations of migrating fish species. Genetic admixture may have an important role for the success of populations that colonise a new area and
interbreed In biology, a hybrid is the offspring resulting from combining the qualities of two organisms of different breeds, varieties, species or genera through sexual reproduction. Hybrids are not always intermediates between their parents (such as in ...
with individuals of native populations.


Mapping

Admixture mapping is a method of gene mapping that uses a population of mixed ancestry (an admixed population) to find the genetic loci that contribute to differences in diseases or other phenotypes found between the different ancestral populations. The method is best applied to populations with recent admixture from two populations that were previously genetically isolated. The method attempts to correlate the degree of ancestry near a genetic locus with the phenotype or disease of interest. Genetic markers that differ in frequency between the ancestral populations are needed across the genome. Admixture mapping is based on the assumption that differences in disease rates or phenotypes are due in part to differences in the frequencies of disease-causing or phenotype-causing genetic variants between populations. In an admixed population, these causal variants occur more frequently on chromosomal segments inherited from one or another ancestral population. The first admixture scans were published in 2005 and since then genetic contributors to a variety of disease and trait differences have been mapped. By 2010, high-density mapping panels had been constructed for African Americans, Latino/Hispanics, and Uyghurs.


See also

*
Chloroplast capture Chloroplast capture is an evolutionary process through which inter-species Hybrid (biology), hybridization and subsequent backcrossing, backcrosses yield a plant with new genetic combination of nuclear and chloroplast genomes. For instance, 1) speci ...
* Gene cluster *
Gene flow In population genetics, gene flow (also known as gene migration or geneflow and allele flow) is the transfer of genetic material from one population to another. If the rate of gene flow is high enough, then two populations will have equivalent a ...
* Haplogroup * Human genetic variation *
Hybrid Hybrid may refer to: Science * Hybrid (biology), an offspring resulting from cross-breeding ** Hybrid grape, grape varieties produced by cross-breeding two ''Vitis'' species ** Hybridity, the property of a hybrid plant which is a union of two dif ...
* Hybrid vigor * Interbreeding between archaic and modern humans *
Introgression Introgression, also known as introgressive hybridization, in genetics is the transfer of genetic material from one species into the gene pool of another by the repeated backcrossing of an interspecific hybrid with one of its parent species. Intr ...
* Population groups in biomedicine


References


Further reading

* * * * Kolbe JJ, Glor RE, Schettino LR, Lara AC, Losos AL, Losos JB (2004) ''Genetic Variation Increases during Biological Invasion by a Cuban Lizard''. Nature 431: 171-181 * Lenormand T (2002). ''Gene flow and the limits to natural selection''. Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 17:183-189 * Shriner 2013
"Overview of Admixture Mapping"
{{Authority control Applied genetics Evolutionary biology concepts Genetic mapping Population genetics