Adma wa Dafneh or Adma ( or ) is a

town A town is a type of a human settlement, generally larger than a village but smaller than a city. The criteria for distinguishing a town vary globally, often depending on factors such as population size, economic character, administrative stat ...

in the Keserwan District of the Keserwan-Jbeil Governorate in

Lebanon Lebanon, officially the Republic of Lebanon, is a country in the Levant region of West Asia. Situated at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian Peninsula, it is bordered by Syria to the north and east, Israel to the south ...

. The town consists of the villages of Adma and Dafneh. The town is located 27 kilometers north of

Beirut Beirut ( ; ) is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Lebanon. , Greater Beirut has a population of 2.5 million, just under half of Lebanon's population, which makes it the List of largest cities in the Levant region by populatio ...

on a cliff facing South. Jounieh At Sunset From Adma

Its elevation ranges between 100 and 330 meters above sea level and the town's total land area consists of 456

hectare The hectare (; SI symbol: ha) is a non-SI metric unit of area equal to a square with 100-metre sides (1 hm2), that is, square metres (), and is primarily used in the measurement of land. There are 100 hectares in one square kilometre. ...

s. Adma wa Dafneh is markedly more vacant and vast than most Lebanese settlements, and is strongly connected to Jounieh and Tabarja to its south and north respectively. Adma wa Dafneh's inhabitants are predominantly Maronite Christians.

Etymology

"Adam" (𐤀𐤃𐤌 in Phoenician) is derived from red, and there is an etymological connection between adam and admah, admah designating "red clay" or "red ground" in a non-theological context. The Village of Adma was named after its fertile and rich soil which was covered by vegetation before urbanisation.

Topography and history

Topography

Adma wa Dafneh is largely made up of sparse structures situated between thick brush and forestation on the limestone hillsides and cliffs of Kasrouane.

History

In February 1990, following the Taif agreement ending the 15-year

Lebanese Civil War The Lebanese Civil War ( ) was a multifaceted armed conflict that took place from 1975 to 1990. It resulted in an estimated 150,000 fatalities and led to the exodus of almost one million people from Lebanon. The religious diversity of the ...

, the town was the site of a battle between the Lebanese Army and the Lebanese Forces militia (LF). Two hundred commandos loyal to General Michel Aoun were trapped in their base in Adma by Samir Geagea’s LF fighters until a truce was arranged, 17 February, to allow their evacuation.'' Middle East International'' No 370, 2 March 1990, Publishers Lord Mayhew, Dennis Walters MP; Jim Muir pp.6,7,8 Traces of the fighting can still be seen. The town also features a ruined civil war-era structure with a hidden arms depository, now empty, that survived the war.

Residency and accommodations

Residency

Adma wa Dafneh today is mostly home to the upper mid-class and the high society, as well as foreign diplomats and international business expatriates working in Lebanon. The town includes some of the most prestigious gated communities in Lebanon, such as BelHorizon Village and Admir. Mansions, large homes, as well as family buildings represent most of the dwellings in Adma.

Accommodations

The town has also managed to create its own ecosystem of accommodations which includes a Carrefour Market, convenience stores, gas stations, churches, a medical center,

school A school is the educational institution (and, in the case of in-person learning, the Educational architecture, building) designed to provide learning environments for the teaching of students, usually under the direction of teachers. Most co ...

restaurant A restaurant is an establishment that prepares and serves food and drinks to customers. Meals are generally served and eaten on the premises, but many restaurants also offer take-out and Delivery (commerce), food delivery services. Restaurants ...

s, shops,

hotel A hotel is an establishment that provides paid lodging on a short-term basis. Facilities provided inside a hotel room may range from a modest-quality mattress in a small room to large suites with bigger, higher-quality beds, a dresser, a re ...

s, etc.

References

External links

Adma Oua Dafneh
localiban {{Keserwan District Populated places in Keserwan District Maronite Christian communities in Lebanon