Jashobeam (; he, יָשָׁבְעָם, ''Yāšoḇəʻām''; la, Iēsbaam, whence English Jesbaam or Jesbaham; 10th or 9th century BC), also called Josheb-Basshebeth (; יֹשֵׁב בַּשֶּׁבֶת, ''Yōšēḇ Baššeḇeṯ''; some Septuagint manuscripts "

Ish-Bosheth Ish-bosheth ( he, , translit=ʼĪš-bōšeṯ, "man of shame"), also called Eshbaal (, ; alternatively spelled Ishbaal, "fire of Baal") was, according to the Hebrew Bible, the second monarch of the Kingdom of Israel who succeeded his father, Sau ...

") and possibly Adino the Eznite (; עֲדִינֹו, ''ʻAdīnō''), was chief of the Three Mighty Warriors,2 Sam. 23:81 Chron. 11:11 and an officer appointed under King

David David (; , "beloved one") (traditional spelling), , ''Dāwūd''; grc-koi, Δαυΐδ, Dauíd; la, Davidus, David; gez , ዳዊት, ''Dawit''; xcl, Դաւիթ, ''Dawitʿ''; cu, Давíдъ, ''Davidŭ''; possibly meaning "beloved one". w ...

in charge of the first division of 24,000 men, on duty for the first month of the year, according to the list given in 1 Chronicles 27.1 Chron. 27:2 Jashobeam was a

Benjamite According to the Torah, the Tribe of Benjamin () was one of the Twelve Tribes of Israel. The tribe was descended from Benjamin, the youngest son of the patriarch Jacob (later given the name Israel) and his wife Rachel. In the Samaritan Pentateuc ...

from Hakmon (he is variously called a "Hakmonite" or "Tahkemonite"). His father was Zabdiel, a descendant of Korah. He was also a descendant of

Pharez Perez, also written as Pharez/Perets (), was the son of Tamar and Judah, and the twin of Zerah, according to the Book of Genesis. The twins were conceived after Tamar tricked her father-in-law Judah into having sexual intercourse with her by di ...

of the

Tribe of Judah According to the Hebrew Bible, the tribe of Judah (, ''Shevet Yehudah'') was one of the twelve Tribes of Israel, named after Judah, the son of Jacob. Judah was the first tribe to take its place in the Land of Israel, occupying the southern ...

Biblical narrative

Jashobeam was renowned in the

Kingdom of Israel The Kingdom of Israel may refer to any of the historical kingdoms of ancient Israel, including: Fully independent (c. 564 years) * Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy) (1047–931 BCE), the legendary kingdom established by the Israelites and uniti ...

for having singlehandedly killed several hundred troops with his spear (800 according to Samuel, 300 according to Chronicles). However, in 2 Samuel 23:8–17, in a passage describing the Three (Jashobeam,

Eleazar Eleazar (; ) or Elʽazar was a priest in the Hebrew Bible, the second High Priest, succeeding his father Aaron after he died. He was a nephew of Moses. Biblical narrative Eleazar played a number of roles during the course of the Exodus, from c ...

, and

Shammah Shammah is a name mentioned several times in the Hebrew Bible. In the Book of Samuel, Shammah ( he, שַׁמָּה) was the son of Agee, a Hararite (2 Samuel 23:11) or Harodite (23:25), and one of King David's three legendary " mighty men". His gr ...

), the Hebrew and most

Septuagint The Greek Old Testament, or Septuagint (, ; from the la, septuaginta, lit=seventy; often abbreviated ''70''; in Roman numerals, LXX), is the earliest extant Greek translation of books from the Hebrew Bible. It includes several books beyond t ...

manuscripts read, "Josheb-Basshebeth, a Tahkemonite, was chief of the Three; it was Adino the Eznite who killed eight hundred men in one encounter" (2 Samuel 23:8b). It is unclear textually whether "Adino the Eznite" is meant to refer to someone else apart from the Three (in which case it is out of place in the passage), whether it is another name for Jashobeam, or whether it is a textual corruption. During a battle with the

Philistines The Philistines ( he, פְּלִשְׁתִּים, Pəlīštīm; Koine Greek (Septuagint, LXX): Φυλιστιείμ, romanized: ''Phulistieím'') were an ancient people who lived on the south coast of Canaan from the 12th century BC until 6 ...

Ephes Dammim Ephes Dammim, meaning "border of blood," () or Pas Dammim () is a biblical place name. Mentioned in the Bible, a place in the tribe of Judah where the Philistines camped when David fought with Goliath (1 Samuel 17:1). Probably so called as having ...

, Jashobeam, along with Eleazar and Shammah, taunted the Philistines. The Israelite army retreated in fear, but the Three defeated the Philistine army themselves in a barley field. While David was encamped in the

Cave of Adullam The Cave of Adullam was originally a stronghold referred to in the Old Testament, near the town of Adullam, where future King David sought refuge from King Saul. The word "cave" is usually used but "fortress", which has a similar appearance in ...

on a campaign against the Philistines, who were garrisoned in

Bethlehem Bethlehem (; ar, بيت لحم ; he, בֵּית לֶחֶם '' '') is a city in the central West Bank, Palestine, about south of Jerusalem. Its population is approximately 25,000,Amara, 1999p. 18.Brynen, 2000p. 202. and it is the capital ...

, Jashobeam, as part of the Three, broke the Philistine lines to reach a well near Bethlehem's gate to get David a drink. However, David poured the water out as a

drink offering The drink offering (Hebrew ְנֶסֶך, ''nesekh'') was a form of libation forming one of the sacrifices and offerings of the Law of Moses. Etymology The Hebrew noun ''nesekh'' is formed from the Qal form of the verb ''nasakh'', "to pour," henc ...

to God, saying, "Is it not the blood of men who went at the risk of their lives?"1 Chron. 11:15–19

References

{{coord, 43, 20, 38, N, 3, 20, 06, W, type:city_source:kolossus-eswiki, display=title 10th-century BCE Hebrew people 9th-century BCE Hebrew people David's Mighty Warriors Books of Chronicles people

Biblical narrative

See also

References