Adi Kailash
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Adi Kailash ( Kumaoni: आदि कैलाश), also known as Shiva Kailash, Chota Kailash, Baba Kailash or Jonglingkong Peak, is a mountain located in the
Himalaya The Himalayas, or Himalaya ( ), is a mountain range in Asia, separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The range has some of the Earth's highest peaks, including the highest, Mount Everest. More than 100 pea ...
n mountain range in the
Pithoragarh district Pithoragarh district is the easternmost district in the state of Uttarakhand. It is located in the Himalayas and has an area of and a population of 483,439 (as of 2011). The city of Pithoragarh, located in Saur Valley, is its headquarters. Th ...
of
Uttarakhand Uttarakhand (, ), also known as Uttaranchal ( ; List of renamed places in India, the official name until 2007), is a States and union territories of India, state in North India, northern India. The state is bordered by Himachal Pradesh to the n ...
,
India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...
. It is the second most important peak among the group of five separate peaks in Himalayas in separate locations collectively known as the Panch Kailash or "Five Kailashas", others being
Mount Kailash Mount Kailash (also Kailasa; ''Kangrinboqê'' or ''Gang Rinpoche''; ; ; , ) is a mountain in Ngari Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region of China. It lies in the Kailash Range (Gangdisê Mountains) of the Transhimalaya, in the western part ...
in the first place, Shikhar Kailash (Shrikhand Mahadev Kailash) in the third,
Kinnaur Kailash The Kinnaur Kailasha (locally known as ''Kinner Kailash'') is a mountain in the Kinnaur district of the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. As per Hindu scriptures, Lord Shiva and goddess Parvati reside in Kinner Kailash. It is the fourth most ...
in the fourth and Manimahesh Kailash in the fifth place in terms of importance. Gauri Kund (Jolingkong Lake) and Parvati Tal glacial lakes are at the base of the Adi Parvat.कहां है भारत का 'कैलाश', जहां 15000 फीट की ऊंचाई पर पीएम मोदी ने लगाया था ध्यान
News1i, 12 October 2023.
Adi Kailash and Limpiyadhura Pass (further northwest of Adi Kailash) are both located northwest of Gunji. The Lipulekh Pass, Old Lipulekh Peak, and Om Parvat (southwest of Lipulekh Pass) are located northeast of Gunji. Adi Kailash base camp, near the
Hindu Hindus (; ; also known as Sanātanīs) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism, also known by its endonym Sanātana Dharma. Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pp. 35–37 Historically, the term has also be ...
Shiva Shiva (; , ), also known as Mahadeva (; , , Help:IPA/Sanskrit, ɐɦaːd̪eːʋɐh and Hara, is one of the Hindu deities, principal deities of Hinduism. He is the God in Hinduism, Supreme Being in Shaivism, one of the major traditions w ...
temple on the banks of sacred Jolingkong Lake (Gauri Kund), is located 17 km northwest of Kuthi (Kuti) village in Kuthi Yankti Valley (Kuthi or Kuti Valley). The Adi Kailash
Yatra ''Yatra'' (, ), in Indian religion, Indian-origin religions, Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism, generally means a pilgrimage to holy places such as confluences of River#Sacred rivers, sacred rivers, Sacred mountains#India, sacred mount ...
Circuit route-1 via Gunji, the eastern-southeastern route, is reached by the '' Pithoragagh-Lipulekh Pass Highway (PLPH)'' and its '' Gunji-Lampiya Dhura Pass Road'' (GLDPR) paved motorable spur via Kuthi Yankti Valley from Gunji to Adi Kailash. The permits for this route are issued at Dharchula and medical check-up is conducted there. The homestay accommodation is available in the villages along the route in Gunji, Napalachchu, Nabhi, Juli Kong and Kuti. The Adi Kailash Yatra Circuit route-2 via Darma Valley, the western-southwestern route, begins by going up the
Darma Valley Darma valley is a Himalayan valley situated in the Pithoragarh District of Uttarakhand state of India. This valley is located in the eastern part of Uttarakhand at Kumaon division. The Darma valley is formed by the Darma River (also called ''D ...
and then crossing the
Sin La Sin La (el. 5495 m.) is a high Himalayan mountain pass located in the eastern Kumaon in Pithoragarh District of Uttarakhand state in India. This pass connects Bidang in Darma Valley to Jolingkong Lake in the Kuthi Yankti valley. Sin La is ...
pass south of Brahma Parvat to go to Kuthi Yankti Valley to Jolingkong Lake Base Camp. Many travellers who take the route-2, after the Adi Kailash darshan, choose to traverse the route-1 in reverse direction till Gunji where they can join the Om Parvat and
Mount Kailash Mount Kailash (also Kailasa; ''Kangrinboqê'' or ''Gang Rinpoche''; ; ; , ) is a mountain in Ngari Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region of China. It lies in the Kailash Range (Gangdisê Mountains) of the Transhimalaya, in the western part ...
-
Lake Manasarovar Lake Manasarovar also called Mapam Yumtso (; ) locally, is a high altitude freshwater lake near Mount Kailash in Burang County, Ngari Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China. It is located at an elevation of , near the western trijunction ...
Tibetan pilgrimage route along the
Sharda River The Sharda River is the downstream of Kāli River (or Mahakali River) that originates in the northern Uttarakhand state of India in the Great Himalayas on the eastern slopes of Nanda Devi massif, at an elevation of in the Pithoragarh distr ...
(Kali River). Kailash-Mansarovar, Adi Kailash, and Om Parvat are sacred to
Hindus Hindus (; ; also known as Sanātanīs) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism, also known by its endonym Sanātana Dharma. Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pp. 35–37 Historically, the term has also be ...
.


About

The Adi Kailash and the Om Parvat are not one and the same. The Adi Kailash or Chota Kailash is located in a different direction, near
Sin La Sin La (el. 5495 m.) is a high Himalayan mountain pass located in the eastern Kumaon in Pithoragarh District of Uttarakhand state in India. This pass connects Bidang in Darma Valley to Jolingkong Lake in the Kuthi Yankti valley. Sin La is ...
pass and near Brahma Parvat, the base camp of Adi Kailash is 17 km from the Kutti village at sacred Jolingkong Lake with
Lord Lord is an appellation for a person or deity who has authority, control, or power (social and political), power over others, acting as a master, chief, or ruler. The appellation can also denote certain persons who hold a title of the Peerage o ...
Shiva Shiva (; , ), also known as Mahadeva (; , , Help:IPA/Sanskrit, ɐɦaːd̪eːʋɐh and Hara, is one of the Hindu deities, principal deities of Hinduism. He is the God in Hinduism, Supreme Being in Shaivism, one of the major traditions w ...
temple. Om Parvat can be viewed in route to the Kailash Manasarovar Yatra from the last camp below Lipulekh Pass at Nabhidhang India-China border post protected by the
Indo-Tibetan Border Police The Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) is a Central Armed Police Forces, central armed police force in India under the Ministry of Home Affairs (India), Ministry of Home Affairs. It is responsible for guarding Border guard, India’s border with ...
also has
Public Works Department This list indicates government departments in various countries dedicated to public works or infrastructure. See also * Public works * Ministry or Board of Public Works, the imperial Chinese ministry overseeing public projects from the Tang ...
guest house on the Indian side. Many trekkers to Adi Kailash often make a diversion to view Om Parvat. Om Parvat is located near Nabhi Dhang camp on
Mount Kailash Mount Kailash (also Kailasa; ''Kangrinboqê'' or ''Gang Rinpoche''; ; ; , ) is a mountain in Ngari Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region of China. It lies in the Kailash Range (Gangdisê Mountains) of the Transhimalaya, in the western part ...
-
Lake Manasarovar Lake Manasarovar also called Mapam Yumtso (; ) locally, is a high altitude freshwater lake near Mount Kailash in Burang County, Ngari Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China. It is located at an elevation of , near the western trijunction ...
yatra route.


First Ascent

From 19 Sept to 14 Oct 2002 the first attempt, which was abandoned short of the summit because of very loose snow and rock conditions, was made by an Indo-Aussie-British-Scottish team including Martin Moran, T. Rankin, M. Singh, S. Ward, A. Williams and R. Ausden. The climbers promised not to ascend the final out of respect for the peak's holy status. On 8 October 2004, the first successful ascent of Adi Kailash was by the British-Scottish-American team composed of Tim Woodward, Jack Pearse, Andy Perkins ( UK); Jason Hubert, Martin Welch, Diarmid Hearns, Amanda George (
Scotland Scotland is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It contains nearly one-third of the United Kingdom's land area, consisting of the northern part of the island of Great Britain and more than 790 adjac ...
); and Paul Zuchowski ( USA), who did not ascend the final few metres out of respect for the sacred nature of the summit.


Adi Kailash Yatra Circuit

The Adi Kailash Yatra Circuit begins by going up the
Darma Valley Darma valley is a Himalayan valley situated in the Pithoragarh District of Uttarakhand state of India. This valley is located in the eastern part of Uttarakhand at Kumaon division. The Darma valley is formed by the Darma River (also called ''D ...
and then going to Kuthi Yankti Valley (India) via the
Sin La Sin La (el. 5495 m.) is a high Himalayan mountain pass located in the eastern Kumaon in Pithoragarh District of Uttarakhand state in India. This pass connects Bidang in Darma Valley to Jolingkong Lake in the Kuthi Yankti valley. Sin La is ...
pass to join the
Mount Kailash Mount Kailash (also Kailasa; ''Kangrinboqê'' or ''Gang Rinpoche''; ; ; , ) is a mountain in Ngari Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region of China. It lies in the Kailash Range (Gangdisê Mountains) of the Transhimalaya, in the western part ...
-
Lake Manasarovar Lake Manasarovar also called Mapam Yumtso (; ) locally, is a high altitude freshwater lake near Mount Kailash in Burang County, Ngari Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China. It is located at an elevation of , near the western trijunction ...
Tibetan pilgrimage route down the
Sharda River The Sharda River is the downstream of Kāli River (or Mahakali River) that originates in the northern Uttarakhand state of India in the Great Himalayas on the eastern slopes of Nanda Devi massif, at an elevation of in the Pithoragarh distr ...
. Motoroable Route to Adi Kailash is via Gunji. While approaching Gunji from Dharcula and the rest of India, the route along the western bank of
Sharda River The Sharda River is the downstream of Kāli River (or Mahakali River) that originates in the northern Uttarakhand state of India in the Great Himalayas on the eastern slopes of Nanda Devi massif, at an elevation of in the Pithoragarh distr ...
(also called Mahakali River) at Gunji forks into two separate motorable routes, one goes north to Kailash-Mansarovar and another to the west to Adi Kailash. In July 2020, India also opened a newly constructed road in this area from Gunji to Limpiyadhura Pass (Lampiya Dhura Pass on India-China border) which has reduced the trek time to Adi Kailash to two hours.Kalyan Das and BD Kasniyal
Road to Limpiyadhura will reduce Adi Kailash trek to two hours
Hindustan Times, 17 July 2020.
Earlier in May 2020, India had inaugurated a new 80 km long road from Dharchula via Gunji to Lipulekh Pass on India-China border /nowiki>under geostrategic India-China Border Roads project">India-China_Border_Roads.html" ;"title="/nowiki>under geostrategic /nowiki>under geostrategic India-China Border Roads project/nowiki> to the Lake Manasarovar#Religious significance">Kailash Mount Kailash (also Kailasa; ''Kangrinboqê'' or ''Gang Rinpoche''; ; ; , ) is a mountain in Ngari Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region of China. It lies in the Kailash Range (Gangdisê Mountains) of the Transhimalaya, in the western part of ...
-Mount Kailash#Religious significance">Manasarovar.Suhasini Haidar,
New road to Kailash Mansarovar runs into diplomatic trouble
The Hindu, 9 May 2020.


Panch Kailash or Five Kailash

"Panch Kailash", literally - the ''Five Kailashas'', is the collective name for the group of five sacred mountain peaks in Hinduism, which are at separate locations in Himalayas; each of which has Kailash in its name. The most sacred of all is the
Mount Kailash Mount Kailash (also Kailasa; ''Kangrinboqê'' or ''Gang Rinpoche''; ; ; , ) is a mountain in Ngari Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region of China. It lies in the Kailash Range (Gangdisê Mountains) of the Transhimalaya, in the western part ...
in
Tibet Tibet (; ''Böd''; ), or Greater Tibet, is a region in the western part of East Asia, covering much of the Tibetan Plateau and spanning about . It is the homeland of the Tibetan people. Also resident on the plateau are other ethnic groups s ...
. The second most sacred is the Adi Kailash in
Uttarakhand Uttarakhand (, ), also known as Uttaranchal ( ; List of renamed places in India, the official name until 2007), is a States and union territories of India, state in North India, northern India. The state is bordered by Himachal Pradesh to the n ...
, India. While, the rest - Shrikhand Mahadev Kailash (aka Shikhar Kailash),
Kinnaur Kailash The Kinnaur Kailasha (locally known as ''Kinner Kailash'') is a mountain in the Kinnaur district of the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. As per Hindu scriptures, Lord Shiva and goddess Parvati reside in Kinner Kailash. It is the fourth most ...
(aka Kinner Kailash), and Manimahesh Kailash (aka Chamba Kailash) are all in the state of
Himachal Pradesh Himachal Pradesh (; Sanskrit: ''himācāl prādes;'' "Snow-laden Mountain Province") is a States and union territories of India, state in the northern part of India. Situated in the Western Himalayas, it is one of the thirteen Indian Himalayan ...
of India.Adi Kailash: पंच कैलाशों में दूसरा प्रमुख धाम है "आदि कैलाश", शिव-पार्वती के इस धाम का 1990 में हुआ था सर्वे
Amarujala, 11 October 2023.


See also

*
Char Dham The Char Dham ( ), or the Chatur Dhama (), is a set of four Hindu pilgrimage sites in India, consisting of Badrinath, Dwarka, Puri and Rameswaram. Badrinath, Dwarka, and Puri are shrines of Vishnu, whereas Rameswaram is a shrine of Shiva. ...
*
Hindu pilgrimage sites in India In Hinduism, the yatra (pilgrimage) to the tirthas (sacred places) has special significance for earning the punya (spiritual merit) needed to attain the moksha (salvation) by performing the darśana (viewing of deity), the parikrama (circumam ...
*
Kalapani territory The Kalapani territory is an area under Indian administration as part of Pithoragarh district in the Kumaon Division of the Uttarakhand state, K. C. SharadKalapani's new 'line of control' Nepali Times, 10 September 2004, p. 6 but it is al ...
*
Yatra ''Yatra'' (, ), in Indian religion, Indian-origin religions, Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism, generally means a pilgrimage to holy places such as confluences of River#Sacred rivers, sacred rivers, Sacred mountains#India, sacred mount ...
* Om Parvat *
Kinnaur Kailash The Kinnaur Kailasha (locally known as ''Kinner Kailash'') is a mountain in the Kinnaur district of the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. As per Hindu scriptures, Lord Shiva and goddess Parvati reside in Kinner Kailash. It is the fourth most ...
* Manimahesh Kailash * Shrikhand Kailash *
Mount Kailash Mount Kailash (also Kailasa; ''Kangrinboqê'' or ''Gang Rinpoche''; ; ; , ) is a mountain in Ngari Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region of China. It lies in the Kailash Range (Gangdisê Mountains) of the Transhimalaya, in the western part ...


References

{{Hinduism footer small Hindu pilgrimage sites in India Mountains of Uttarakhand Geography of Pithoragarh district Six-thousanders of the Himalayas