Adenosine diphosphate ribose (ADPR) is an
ester
In chemistry, an ester is a compound derived from an oxoacid (organic or inorganic) in which at least one hydroxyl group () is replaced by an alkoxy group (), as in the substitution reaction of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. Glycerides ...
molecule formed into chains by the enzyme
poly ADP ribose polymerase.
ADPR is created from
cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) by the
CD38 enzyme using
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a coenzyme central to metabolism. Found in all living cells, NAD is called a dinucleotide because it consists of two nucleotides joined through their phosphate groups. One nucleotide contains an ...
(NAD
+) as a
cofactor.
ADPR binds to and activates the
TRPM2 ion channel.
ADPR is the most potent
agonist
An agonist is a chemical that activates a receptor to produce a biological response. Receptors are cellular proteins whose activation causes the cell to modify what it is currently doing. In contrast, an antagonist blocks the action of the ago ...
of the TRPM2 channel.
cADPR also binds to TPRM2, and the action of both molecules is
synergistic, with both molecules enhancing the action of the other molecule in activating the TRPM2 channel.
See also
*
Adenosine diphosphate
Adenosine diphosphate (ADP), also known as adenosine pyrophosphate (APP), is an important organic compound in metabolism and is essential to the flow of energy in living cells. ADP consists of three important structural components: a sugar backbo ...
*
ADP-ribosylation
ADP-ribosylation is the addition of one or more ADP-ribose moieties to a protein. It is a reversible post-translational modification that is involved in many cellular processes, including cell signaling, DNA repair, gene regulation and apoptosi ...
*
Ribose
Ribose is a simple sugar and carbohydrate with molecular formula C5H10O5 and the linear-form composition H−(C=O)−(CHOH)4−H. The naturally-occurring form, , is a component of the ribonucleotides from which RNA is built, and so this compou ...
References
Nucleotides
Organophosphates
NADH dehydrogenase inhibitors
Phosphate esters
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