Ademosynidae
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Ademosynidae is an extinct family of
beetle Beetles are insects that form the Taxonomic rank, order Coleoptera (), in the superorder Holometabola. Their front pair of wings are hardened into wing-cases, elytra, distinguishing them from most other insects. The Coleoptera, with about 40 ...
s, known from the
Late Triassic The Late Triassic is the third and final epoch (geology), epoch of the Triassic geologic time scale, Period in the geologic time scale, spanning the time between annum, Ma and Ma (million years ago). It is preceded by the Middle Triassic Epoch a ...
to
Early Cretaceous The Early Cretaceous (geochronology, geochronological name) or the Lower Cretaceous (chronostratigraphy, chronostratigraphic name) is the earlier or lower of the two major divisions of the Cretaceous. It is usually considered to stretch from 143.1 ...
. There are at least six genera and 11 species in Ademosynidae. Members of the family were small oval beetles, with a length generally smaller than 1 cm. Characteristics of the family include a
pronotum The prothorax is the foremost of the three segments in the thorax of an insect, and bears the first pair of legs. Its principal sclerites (exoskeletal plates) are the pronotum (dorsal), the prosternum (ventral), and the propleuron (lateral) on e ...
without anterior angles and a rounded anterior margin, and
elytra An elytron (; ; : elytra, ) is a modified, hardened forewing of beetles (Coleoptera), though a few of the true bugs (Hemiptera) such as the family Schizopteridae are extremely similar; in true bugs, the forewings are called hemelytra (sometime ...
with 9–12 punctate striae. The systematic position of the family within the order Coleoptera is currently uncertain: they can be considered early examples of the suborder
Polyphaga Polyphaga is the largest and most diverse suborder of beetles. It comprises 144 families in 16 superfamilies, and displays an enormous variety of specialization and adaptation, with over 350,000 described species, or approximately 90% of the b ...
, or unusual examples of
Archostemata The Archostemata are the smallest suborder of beetles, consisting of 50 living species in five families and over 200 described fossil species. They are an ancient lineage with a number of primitive characteristics. Antenna (biology), Antennae may ...
.


Genera

The family Ademosynidae is restricted to the following six genera and 11 species in Yan, Beutel and Ponomarenko (2017): * † '' Ademosyne'' Handlirsch, 1906 ** †''Ademosyne bacca'' Ponomarenko, 1969
Madygen Formation The Madygen Formation (Russian language, Russian: Madygen Svita) is a Middle Triassic, Middle–Late Triassic (Ladinian–Carnian) geologic formation and lagerstätte in the Batken Region, Batken and Osh Regions of western Kyrgyzstan, with minor ...
, Kyrgyzstan, Late Triassic (
Carnian The Carnian (less commonly, Karnian) is the lowermost stage (stratigraphy), stage of the Upper Triassic series (stratigraphy), Series (or earliest age (geology), age of the Late Triassic Epoch (reference date), Epoch). It lasted from 237 to 227.3 ...
) ** †''Ademosyne elliptica'' Ponomarenko, 1969 – Madygen Formation, Kyrgyzstan, Late Triassic (Carnian) ** †''Ademosyne kirghizica'' Ponomarenko, 1969 – Madygen Formation, Kyrgyzstan, Late Triassic (Carnian) ** †''Ademosyne major'' Handlirsch, 1906Blackstone Formation, Australia, Late Triassic (
Norian The Norian is a division of the Triassic geological period, Period. It has the rank of an age (geology), age (geochronology) or stage (stratigraphy), stage (chronostratigraphy). It lasted from ~227.3 to Mya (unit), million years ago. It was prec ...
) * † '' Cephalosyne'' Ponomarenko, 1969 – Madygen Formation, Kyrgyzstan, Late Triassic (Carnian) ** †''Cephalosyne capitata'' Ponomarenko, 1969 * † '' Dolichosyne'' Ponomarenko, 1969 – Madygen Formation, Kyrgyzstan, Late Triassic (Carnian) ** †''Dolichosyne confragosa'' Ponomarenko, 1969 ** †''Dolichosyne rostrata'' Ponomarenko, 1969 ** †''Dolichosyne sulcata'' Ponomarenko, 1969 * † '' Gnathosyne'' Ponomarenko, 1969Tologoi Formation, Kazakhstan, Late Triassic (Norian) ** †''Gnathosyne akkolkensis'' Ponomarenko, 1969 * † '' Petrosyne'' Ponomarenko, 1969 – Kyrgyzstan, Early Jurassic (
Pliensbachian The Pliensbachian is an age of the geologic timescale and stage in the stratigraphic column. It is part of the Early or Lower Jurassic Epoch or Series and spans the time between 192.9 ±0.3 Ma and 184.2 ±0.3 Ma (million years ago). The Plie ...
) ** †''Petrosyne liassica'' Ponomarenko, 1969 * † '' Sphaerosyne'' Ponomarenko, 1969
Zaza Formation The Zaza Formation is a geological formation located in Buryatia (Russia). It dates to the Lower Cretaceous. The age of the formation is disputed, and is considered likely to be Valanginian-Hauterivian, or Aptian in age. It comprises sandstones, ...
, Russia, Early Cretaceous (
Aptian The Aptian is an age (geology), age in the geologic timescale or a stage (stratigraphy), stage in the stratigraphic column. It is a subdivision of the Early Cretaceous, Early or Lower Cretaceous epoch (geology), Epoch or series (stratigraphy), S ...
) ** †''Sphaerosyne globosa'' Ponomarenko, 1969 The following genera and species are also included in the family according to Fossilworks, but are excluded or not mentioned in Yan, Beutel and Ponomarenko (2017): * † '' Ademosynoides'' Dunstan, 1923 ** †''Ademosynoides abnormis'' Dunstan, 1923 – Blackstone Formation, Australia, Late Triassic (Norian) ** †''Ademosynoides alternata'' Dunstan, 1923 – Blackstone Formation, Australia, Late Triassic (Norian) ** †''Ademosynoides angusta'' (Tillyard, 1916) – Blackstone Formation, Australia, Late Triassic (Norian) ** †''Ademosynoides antarctica'' Zeuner, 1959Mount Flora Formation, Antarctica, Middle Jurassic (
Bathonian In the geologic timescale the Bathonian is an age (geology), age and stage (stratigraphy), stage of the Middle Jurassic. It lasted from approximately 168.2 ±1.2 annum, Ma to around 165.3 ±1.1 Ma (million years ago). The Bathonian Age succeeds ...
) ** †''Ademosynoides japonicus'' Fujiyama, 1973Mononoki Formation, Japan, Late Triassic (Carnian) ** †''Ademosynoides magnifica'' Dunstan, 1923 – Blackstone Formation, Australia, Late Triassic (Norian) ** †''Ademosynoides minor'' (Handlirsch, 1906) – Blackstone Formation, Australia, Late Triassic (Norian) ** †''Ademosynoides obtusa'' (Tillyard, 1916) – Blackstone Formation, Australia, Late Triassic (Norian) ** †''Ademosynoides striatella'' Dunstan, 1923 – Blackstone Formation, Australia, Late Triassic (Norian) * † '' Atalosyne'' Ren, 1995
Lushangfen Formation The Lushangfen Formation is an Early Cretaceous aged geologic formation in China. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation, although none have yet been referred to a specific genus.Weishampel, et al. (20 ...
, China, Early Cretaceous (Aptian) ** †''Atalosyne sinuolata'' Ren, 1995 * † '' Chaocoleus'' Ponomarenko, Yan & Huang, 2014
Yinping Formation Yicheng District () is a district of Zaozhuang, Shandong, China. It has an area of and around 360,200 inhabitants (2003). As of the end of 2022, the total household population of Yicheng District was 417,086,000 people. Administrative divisions ...
, China, Permian (
Capitanian In the geologic timescale, the Capitanian is an age or stage of the Permian. It is also the uppermost or latest of three subdivisions of the Guadalupian Epoch or Series. The Capitanian lasted between and million years ago. It was preceded by t ...
) ** †''Chaocoleus limnebius'' Ponomarenko, Yan & Huang, 2014 * † '' Eremisyne'' Wang, 1998Xiazhuang Formation, China, Early Cretaceous (Aptian/Albian) ** †''Eremisyne xiazhuangensis'' Wang, 1998 * † '' Grammositus'' Dunstan, 1923 (also spelled ''Grammositum'') – Blackstone Formation, Australia, Late Triassic (Norian) ** †''Grammositus bilineatus'' Dunstan, 1923 * †''"Ademosyne" adunca'' Dunstan, 1923 – Blackstone Formation, Australia, Late Triassic (Norian) * †''"Ademosyne" arcucciae'' Martins-Neto and Gallego, 2006Los Rastros Formation, Argentina, Late Triassic (Carnian) * †''"Ademosyne" australiensis'' Tillyard, 1916 – Blackstone Formation, Australia, Late Triassic (Norian) * †''"Ademosyne" brevis'' Dunstan, 1923 – Blackstone Formation, Australia, Late Triassic (Norian) * †''"Ademosyne" cameroni'' Tillyard, 1916 – Blackstone Formation, Australia, Late Triassic (Norian) * †''"Ademosyne" congener'' Tillyard, 1916 – Blackstone Formation, Australia, Late Triassic (Norian) * †''"Ademosyne" curvata'' Dunstan, 1923 – Blackstone Formation, Australia, Late Triassic (Norian) * †''"Ademosyne" elongatus'' Martins-Neto and Gallego, 2006 – Los Rastros Formation, Argentina, Late Triassic (Carnian) * †''"Ademosyne" hexacostata'' Martins-Neto and Gallego, 2006 – Los Rastros Formation, Argentina, Late Triassic (Carnian) * †''"Ademosyne" intermedia'' Dunstan, 1923 – Blackstone Formation, Australia, Late Triassic (Norian) * †''"Ademosyne" lata'' Dunstan, 1923 – Blackstone Formation, Australia, Late Triassic (Norian) * †''"Ademosyne" llantenesensis'' Brauckmann et al., 2010Llantenes Formation, Argentina, Late Triassic (Norian) * †''"Ademosyne" olliffi'' (Handlirsch, 1906) – Blackstone Formation, Australia, Late Triassic (Norian) * †''"Ademosyne" parva'' Dunstan, 1923 – Blackstone Formation, Australia, Late Triassic (Norian) * †''"Ademosyne" polyzetete'' Ponomarenko, 2011
Lunz Formation The Lunz Formation is a geologic formation in Austria and other Tethyan regions. It is composed of quartz sandstone, shales and claystones, locally with coal interbeds. The basal part of the formation may contain marine fossils. It preserves fos ...
, Austria, Late Triassic (Carnian) * †''"Ademosyne" prisca'' Riek, 1974
Molteno Formation The Molteno Formation is a geological formation found in several localities in Lesotho and South Africa. It lies mainly south of Maseru, near Burgersdorp, Aliwal North, Dordrecht, Molteno, and Elliot. It extends as far north as Matatiele in the ...
, South Africa, Late Triassic (Carnian) * †''"Ademosyne" punctata'' Tillyard, 1916 – Blackstone Formation, Australia, Late Triassic (Norian) * †''"Ademosyne" punctuada'' Martins-Neto and Gallego, 2006 – Los Rastros Formation, Argentina, Late Triassic (Carnian) * †''"Ademosyne" ramocostata'' Dunstan, 1923 – Blackstone Formation, Australia, Late Triassic (Norian) * †''"Ademosyne" reducta'' Riek, 1976 – Molteno Formation, South Africa, Late Triassic (Carnian) * †''"Ademosyne" rosenfeldi'' Brauckmann et al., 2010 – Llantenes Formation, Argentina, Late Triassic (Norian) * †''"Ademosyne" rugulosa'' Dunstan, 1923 – Blackstone Formation, Australia, Late Triassic (Norian) * †''"Ademosyne" sibirica'' Rohdendorf, 1961Gramoteinskaya Formation, Kemerovo Oblast, Russia, Late Permian (
Wuchiapingian In the geologic timescale, the Wuchiapingian or Wujiapingian (from in the Liangshan area of Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province ) is an age or stage of the Permian. It is also the lower or earlier of two subdivisions of the Lopingian Epoch or S ...
/
Changhsingian In the geologic time scale, the Changhsingian or Changxingian is the latest age or uppermost stage of the Permian. It is also the upper or latest of two subdivisions of the Lopingian Epoch or Series. The Changhsingian lasted from to 251.9 Ma a ...
) * †''"Ademosyne" speciosa'' Riek, 1974 – Molteno Formation, South Africa, Late Triassic (Carnian) * †''"Ademosyne" umutu'' Martins-Neto and Gallego, 2009 – Los Rastros Formation, Argentina, Late Triassic (Carnian) * †''"Ademosyne" vittamargina'' Dunstan, 1923 – Blackstone Formation, Australia, Late Triassic (Norian) * †''"Ademosyne" wianamattensis'' Tillyard, 1918
Ashfield Shale Ashfield Shale is part of the Wianamatta group of sedimentary rocks in the Sydney Basin. It lies directly on contemporaneously eroded Hawkesbury sandstone or the Mittagong formation. These rock types were formed in the Triassic Period. Name ...
, Australia, Middle Triassic (Pelsonian/Illyrian)


References

Permosynoidea
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
Prehistoric insect families {{Paleo-beetle-stub