Abū Rakwa al-Walīd ibn Hishām ibn ʿAbd al-Malik al-Umawi () (died 20 March 1007) was an

Umayyad The Umayyad Caliphate or Umayyad Empire (, ; ) was the second caliphate established after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty. Uthman ibn Affan, the third of the Rashidun caliphs, was also a membe ...

pretender A pretender is someone who claims to be the rightful ruler of a country although not recognized as such by the current government. The term may often be used to either refer to a descendant of a deposed monarchy or a claim that is not legitimat ...

who arrived in

Barqa Cyrenaica ( ) or Kyrenaika (, , after the city of Cyrene), is the eastern region of Libya. Cyrenaica includes all of the eastern part of Libya between the 16th and 25th meridians east, including the Kufra District. The coastal region, als ...

from

al-Andalus Al-Andalus () was the Muslim-ruled area of the Iberian Peninsula. The name refers to the different Muslim states that controlled these territories at various times between 711 and 1492. At its greatest geographical extent, it occupied most o ...

in 1005 and waged war on the

Fatimid Caliphate The Fatimid Caliphate (; ), also known as the Fatimid Empire, was a caliphate extant from the tenth to the twelfth centuries CE under the rule of the Fatimids, an Isma'ili Shi'a dynasty. Spanning a large area of North Africa and West Asia, i ...

with the support of the Banu Qurra. After taking the city and defeating a Fatimid army, his forces invaded Egypt and nearly toppled the regime of Caliph al-Hakim after a battle in

Giza Giza (; sometimes spelled ''Gizah, Gizeh, Geeza, Jiza''; , , ' ) is the third-largest city in Egypt by area after Cairo and Alexandria; and fourth-largest city in Africa by population after Kinshasa, Lagos, and Cairo. It is the capital of ...

against an army led by Ali ibn Ja'far ibn Fallah. He diverted his revolt to

Fayyum Faiyum ( ; , ) is a city in Middle Egypt. Located southwest of Cairo, in the Faiyum Oasis, it is the capital of the modern Faiyum Governorate. It is one of Egypt's oldest cities due to its strategic location. Name and etymology Originally f ...

and the Fatimids managed to get the Banu Qurra again on their side, thereby defeating the rebellion. In 1006, Abu Rakwa fled to Nobadia, but the

eparch Eparchy ( ''eparchía'' "overlordship") is an Ecclesiology, ecclesiastical unit in Eastern Christianity that is equivalent to a diocese in Western Christianity. An eparchy is governed by an ''eparch'', who is a bishop. Depending on the administra ...

refused to let him continue and he was captured by leader of the Rabi'a, Abu'l-Makarim Hibat Allah, who handed him over to the Fatimids. He was sent to

Cairo Cairo ( ; , ) is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Egypt and the Cairo Governorate, being home to more than 10 million people. It is also part of the List of urban agglomerations in Africa, largest urban agglomeration in Africa, L ...

, where he was executed. Abu'l-Makarim was rewarded with the title ''

Kanz al-Dawla Banu Kanz (), also known as Awlad Kanz, was a semi-nomadic Muslim dynasty of Arab descent that ruled the border region between Upper Egypt and Nubia between the 10th and 15th centuries. They were descended from the sons of sheikhs of the Arab Banu ...

'' for his part in end of Abū Rakwa's revolt.

References

{{Fatimid Caliphate topics 11th century in the Fatimid Caliphate People from al-Andalus 1007 deaths Rebellions against the Fatimid Caliphate People executed by the Fatimid Caliphate Umayyad dynasty Egypt under the Fatimid Caliphate 11th-century Arab people