Abdullah bin Muhammad Al Saud (1725–1812) was the youngest son of

Muhammad bin Saud Muhammad bin Saud Al Muqrin Al Saud (; 1687–1765), also known as Ibn Saud, was the emir of Diriyah and is considered the founder of the First Saudi State and the House of Saud, Saud dynasty, named after his father, Saud bin Muhammad Al Muqrin. ...

who is regarded as the founder of the

First Saudi State The first Saudi state (), officially the Emirate of Diriyah (), was established in 1744, when the emir of a Najdi town called Diriyah, Muhammad I, and the religious leader Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab signed a pact to found a socio-religious r ...

Biography

Abdullah was born in

Diriyah Diriyah (; formerly romanization of Arabic, romanized as Dereyeh and Dariyya) is a towns in Saudi Arabia, town and governorate in Saudi Arabia. Located on the northwestern outskirts of the Saudi capital, Riyadh, Diriyah was the original home of t ...

. His mother was Moudi bint Abi Wahtan Al Kathir who was instrumental in Muhammad bin Saud's meeting with

Muhammad ibn Abdul Wahhab Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn Sulaymān al-Tamīmī (1703–1792) was a Sunni Muslim scholar, theologian, preacher, activist, religious leader, jurist, and reformer, who was from Najd in Arabian Peninsula and is considered as the eponymou ...

. Leadership of the family passed from his older brother

Abdulaziz Abdulaziz (; ; 8 February 18304 June 1876) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 25 June 1861 to 30 May 1876, when he was overthrown in a government coup. He was a son of Sultan Mahmud II and succeeded his brother Abdulmejid I in 1861. Ab ...

to a nephew and finally to two grandnephews before being reclaimed by Abdullah's descendants. Abdullah played a prominent part in the military campaigns of his father and brother, notably in the subjugation of the provinces of

Sudair Sudair or Sudayr () is a historical region in Najd in the central of Saudi Arabia, and is located approximately 150 km north of the Saudi capital, Riyadh. The region lies in a valley directly to the east of the Tweig escarpment, which runs ...

, Washm and

al-Kharj Kharj () is a List of governorates of Saudi Arabia, governorate in central Saudi Arabia. It is one of the important governorates in Saudi Arabia. Located southeast of the capital, Riyadh, it covers an area of 7640 mi2 (19,790 km2) and has a popu ...

. However, Abdullah futilely challenged the rule of Abdulaziz and also of

Abdullah bin Saud Abdullah bin Saud Al Saud (; died May 1819) was the last ruler of the First Saudi State, from 1814 to 1818, and was executed in Constantinople under the Ottoman Empire. Although the Ottomans maintained several garrisons in the Nejd thereafter, ...

, grandson of Abdulaziz. His main claim to fame, however, is that he was the father of Turki bin Abdullah, founder of the

Second Saudi State The second Saudi state (), officially known as the Emirate of Najd, was a state that existed between 1824 and 1891 in the Najd region of what is now Saudi Arabia. Saudi rule was restored to central (Najd) and Eastern Arabia after the first Sau ...

from whom all subsequent heads of the

House of Saud The House of Saud ( ) is the ruling royal family of Saudi Arabia. It is composed of the descendants of Muhammad bin Saud, founder of the Emirate of Diriyah, known as the First Saudi State, (1727–1818), and his brothers, though the ruling ...

trace their descent. Another of Abdullah's sons, Zaid, supported Turki in the formation of the Second Saudi State. Two of Abdullah's sons were killed in the battles against

Egyptians Egyptians (, ; , ; ) are an ethnic group native to the Nile, Nile Valley in Egypt. Egyptian identity is closely tied to Geography of Egypt, geography. The population is concentrated in the Nile Valley, a small strip of cultivable land stretchi ...

during the fall of the

Emirate of Diriyah The first Saudi state (), officially the Emirate of Diriyah (), was established in 1744, when the emir of a Najdi town called Diriyah, Muhammad I, and the religious leader Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab signed a pact to found a socio-religious ...

, and some of them were brought to Egypt.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Saud, Abdullah Muhammad 18th-century Arab people 1725 births 1812 deaths Abdullah Abdullah