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''A Course of Modern Analysis: an introduction to the general theory of infinite processes and of analytic functions; with an account of the principal transcendental functions'' (colloquially known as Whittaker and Watson) is a landmark textbook on mathematical analysis written by
Edmund T. Whittaker Sir Edmund Taylor Whittaker (24 October 1873 – 24 March 1956) was a British mathematician, physicist, and historian of science. Whittaker was a leading mathematical scholar of the early 20th-century who contributed widely to applied mathema ...
and
George N. Watson George Neville Watson (31 January 1886 – 2 February 1965) was an English mathematician, who applied complex analysis to the theory of special functions. His collaboration on the 1915 second edition of E. T. Whittaker's ''A Course of Modern ...
, first published by Cambridge University Press in 1902. The first edition was Whittaker's alone, but later editions were co-authored with Watson.


History

Its first, second, third, and the fourth edition were published in 1902, 1915, 1920, and 1927, respectively. Since then, it has continuously been reprinted and is still in print today. A revised, expanded and digitally reset fifth edition, edited by
Victor H. Moll Victor Hugo Moll (born 1956) is a Chilean American mathematician specializing in calculus. Moll studied at the Universidad Santa Maria and at the New York University with a master's degree in 1982 and a doctorate in 1984 with Henry P. McKean (' ...
, was published in 2021. The book is notable for being the standard reference and textbook for a generation of Cambridge mathematicians including
Littlewood Littlewood is a surname, and may refer to: * Alison Littlewood, British author * Angela Littlewood (born 1949), English shot putter * Barclay Littlewood (born 1978), British entrepreneur * Chic Littlewood (1930–2015), New Zealand actor * Clayto ...
and
Godfrey H. Hardy Godfrey Harold Hardy (7 February 1877 – 1 December 1947) was an English mathematician, known for his achievements in number theory and mathematical analysis. In biology, he is known for the Hardy–Weinberg principle, a basic principle of po ...
.
Mary L. Cartwright Dame Mary Lucy Cartwright, (17 December 1900 – 3 April 1998) was a British mathematician. She was one of the pioneers of what would later become known as chaos theory. Along with J. E. Littlewood, Cartwright saw many solutions to a problem ...
studied it as preparation for her final honours on the advice of fellow student Vernon C. Morton, later Professor of Mathematics at
Aberystwyth University , mottoeng = A world without knowledge is no world at all , established = 1872 (as ''The University College of Wales'') , former_names = University of Wales, Aberystwyth , type = Public , endowment = ...
. But its reach was much further than just the Cambridge school;
André Weil André Weil (; ; 6 May 1906 – 6 August 1998) was a French mathematician, known for his foundational work in number theory and algebraic geometry. He was a founding member and the ''de facto'' early leader of the mathematical Bourbaki group. Th ...
in his obituary of the French mathematician Jean Delsarte noted that Delsarte always had a copy on his desk. In 1941 the book was included among a "selected list" of mathematical analysis books for use in universities in an article for that purpose published by
American Mathematical Monthly ''The American Mathematical Monthly'' is a mathematical journal founded by Benjamin Finkel in 1894. It is published ten times each year by Taylor & Francis for the Mathematical Association of America. The ''American Mathematical Monthly'' is an e ...
.


Notable features

Some idiosyncratic but interesting problems from an older era of the Cambridge Mathematical Tripos are in the exercises. The book was one of the earliest to use decimal numbering for its sections, an innovation the authors attribute to Giuseppe Peano.


Contents

Below are the contents of the fourth edition: ;Part I. The Process of Analysis ;Part II. The Transcendental Functions


Reception


Reviews of the first edition

George B. Mathews, in a 1903 review article published in '' The Mathematical Gazette'' opens by saying the book is "sure of a favorable reception" because of its "attractive account of some of the most valuable and interesting results of recent analysis". He notes that Part I deals mainly with infinite series, focusing on power series and Fourier expansions while including the "elements of"
complex integration In the mathematical field of complex analysis, contour integration is a method of evaluating certain integrals along paths in the complex plane. Contour integration is closely related to the calculus of residues, a method of complex analysis. ...
and the theory of residues. Part II, in contrast, has chapters on the
gamma function In mathematics, the gamma function (represented by , the capital letter gamma from the Greek alphabet) is one commonly used extension of the factorial function to complex numbers. The gamma function is defined for all complex numbers except ...
, Legendre functions, the hypergeometric series, Bessel functions,
elliptic function In the mathematical field of complex analysis, elliptic functions are a special kind of meromorphic functions, that satisfy two periodicity conditions. They are named elliptic functions because they come from elliptic integrals. Originally those in ...
s, and mathematical physics. Arthur S. Hathaway, in another 1903 review published in the '' Journal of the American Chemical Society'', notes that the book centers around
complex analysis Complex analysis, traditionally known as the theory of functions of a complex variable, is the branch of mathematical analysis that investigates Function (mathematics), functions of complex numbers. It is helpful in many branches of mathemati ...
, but that topics such as infinite series are "considered in all their phases" along with "all those important series and functions" developed by mathematicians such as
Joseph Fourier Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier (; ; 21 March 1768 – 16 May 1830) was a French people, French mathematician and physicist born in Auxerre and best known for initiating the investigation of Fourier series, which eventually developed into Fourier an ...
, Friedrich Bessel,
Joseph-Louis Lagrange Joseph-Louis Lagrange (born Giuseppe Luigi LagrangiaAdrien-Marie Legendre, Pierre-Simon Laplace, Carl Friedrich Gauss, Niels Henrik Abel, and others in their respective studies of "practice problems". He goes on to say it "is a useful book for those who wish to make use of the most advanced developments of mathematical analysis in theoretical investigations of physical and chemical questions." In a third review of the first edition, Maxime Bôcher, in a 1904 review published in the '' Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society'' notes that while the book falls short of the "rigor" of French, German, and Italian writers, it is a "gratifying sign of progress to find in an English book such an attempt at rigorous treatment as is here made". He notes that important parts of the book were otherwise non-existent in the English language.


See also

*
Bateman Manuscript Project The Bateman Manuscript Project was a major effort at collation and encyclopedic compilation of the mathematical theory of special functions. It resulted in the eventual publication of five important reference volumes, under the editorship of Arthu ...


References


Further reading

* (9 pages) * (1 page) * (1 page) * (1 page) * * (2 pages) * (2 pages) * (2 pages) * (1 page) * * (1 page) * (1 page) * (1 page) * (1 of 6 pages) {{DEFAULTSORT:Course of Modern Analysis, A 1902 non-fiction books Cambridge University Press books Mathematics textbooks Mathematical analysis Complex analysis Books by E. T. Whittaker