ATP synthase-coupling factor 6, mitochondrial is an
enzyme
An enzyme () is a protein that acts as a biological catalyst by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrate (chemistry), substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different mol ...
subunit that in humans is encoded by the ''ATP5PF''
gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protei ...
.
Function
Mitochondrial
ATP synthase catalyzes ATP synthesis, utilizing
an electrochemical gradient of protons across the inner membrane during oxidative phosphorylation. It is composed of two linked multi-subunit complexes: the
soluble catalytic core, F1, and the
membrane-spanning component, FO, which comprises the proton channel. The F
1 complex consists of 5 different subunits (alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon) assembled in a ratio of 3 alpha, 3 beta, and a single representative of the other 3. The F
O seems to have nine subunits (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, F6 and 8). This gene encodes the F6 subunit of the F
O complex, required for F
1 and F
O interactions. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified for this gene.
The F6 subunit is part of the peripheral stalk that links the F
1 and F
O complexes together, and which acts as a stator to prevent certain subunits from rotating with the central rotary element. The peripheral stalk differs in subunit composition between
mitochondrial,
chloroplast
A chloroplast () is a type of membrane-bound organelle, organelle known as a plastid that conducts photosynthesis mostly in plant cell, plant and algae, algal cells. Chloroplasts have a high concentration of chlorophyll pigments which captur ...
and
bacterial F-ATPases. In mitochondria, the peripheral stalk is composed of one copy each of subunits OSCP (
oligomycin sensitivity conferral protein), F6, b and d.
There is no homologue of subunit F6 in bacterial or chloroplast F-ATPase, whose peripheral stalks are composed of one copy of the delta subunit (homologous to OSCP), and two copies of subunit b in bacteria, or one copy each of subunits b and b' in chloroplasts and
photosynthetic
Photosynthesis ( ) is a Biological system, system of biological processes by which Photoautotrophism, photosynthetic organisms, such as most plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, convert light energy, typically from sunlight, into the chemical ener ...
bacteria
Bacteria (; : bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one Cell (biology), biological cell. They constitute a large domain (biology), domain of Prokaryote, prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micr ...
.
References
External links
*
Further reading
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
{{gene-21-stub