P01A Agents against
amoebiasis Amoebiasis, or amoebic dysentery, is an infection of the intestines caused by a parasitic amoeba ''Entamoeba histolytica''. Amoebiasis can be present with no, mild, or severe symptoms. Symptoms may include lethargy, loss of weight, colonic ulce ...
and other
protozoa Protozoa (singular: protozoan or protozoon; alternative plural: protozoans) are a group of single-celled eukaryotes, either free-living or parasitic, that feed on organic matter such as other microorganisms or organic tissues and debris. Histor ...
l diseases

P01AA
Hydroxyquinoline 8-Hydroxyquinoline (also known as oxine) is a chelating agent which has been used for the quantitative determination of metal ions. In aqueous solution 8-hydroxyquinoline has a pKa value of ca. 9.9 It reacts with metal ions, losing the proton an ...
derivatives

:P01AA01

Broxyquinoline Broxyquinoline is an antiprotozoal agent. An association with exercise intolerance Exercise intolerance is a condition of inability or decreased ability to perform physical exercise at the normally expected level or duration for people of that ...

:P01AA02

Clioquinol Clioquinol (iodochlorhydroxyquin) is an antifungal drug and antiprotozoal drug. It is neurotoxic in large doses. It is a member of a family of drugs called hydroxyquinolines which inhibit certain enzymes related to DNA replication. The drug ...

:P01AA04

Chlorquinaldol Chlorquinaldol is an antimicrobial agent and antiseptic. It is a chlorinated derivative of the popular chelating agent 8-hydroxyquinoline. It is applied topically as a cream and internally as a losenge. It was marketed by Geigy as an intesti ...

:P01AA05 Tilbroquinol :P01AA30 Tilbroquinol and tiliquinol :P01AA52 Clioquinol, combinations

P01AB
Nitroimidazole 5-Nitroimidazole is an organic compound with the formula O2NC3H2N2H. The nitro group at position 5 on the imidazole ring is the most common positional isomer. The term nitroimidazole also refers to a class of antibiotics that share similar chem ...
derivatives

:P01AB01

Metronidazole Metronidazole, sold under the brand name Flagyl among others, is an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication. It is used either alone or with other antibiotics to treat pelvic inflammatory disease, endocarditis, and bacterial vaginosis. It is e ...

:P01AB02

Tinidazole Tinidazole is a drug used against protozoan infections. It is widely known throughout Europe and the developing world as a treatment for a variety of anaerobic amoebic and bacterial infections. It was developed in 1972 and is a prominent member of ...

:P01AB03

Ornidazole Ornidazole is an antibiotic used to treat protozoan infections. A synthetic nitroimidazole, it is commercially obtained from an acid-catalyzed reaction between 2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole and epichlorohydrin. Antimicrobial spectrum is similar to th ...

:P01AB04

Azanidazole Azanidazole is a nitroimidazole derivative used in gynecology Gynaecology or gynecology (see spelling differences) is the area of medicine that involves the treatment of women's diseases, especially those of the reproductive organs. It is oft ...

:P01AB05 Propenidazole :P01AB06

Nimorazole Nimorazole (International Nonproprietary Name, INN) is a nitroimidazole anti-infective. It is also being investigated for the treatment of head and neck cancer. References

Aromatase inhibitors Nitroimidazole antibiotics Antiprotozoal ...

:P01AB07

Secnidazole Secnidazole (trade names Flagentyl, Sindose, Secnil, Solosec) is a nitroimidazole anti-infective. Effectiveness in the treatment of dientamoebiasis has been reported. It has also been tested against '' Atopobium vaginae''. In the United States, ...

:P01AB51 Metronidazole and

furazolidone Furazolidone is a nitrofuran antibacterial agent and monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). It is marketed by Roberts Laboratories under the brand name Furoxone and by GlaxoSmithKline as Dependal-M. Medical uses Furazolidone has been used in human ...

:P01AB52 Metronidazole and

diloxanide Diloxanide is a medication used to treat amebiasis, amoeba infections. In places where infections are not common, it is a second line treatment after paromomycin when a person has no symptoms. For people who are symptomatic, it is used after tre ...

P01AC
Dichloroacetamide Dichloroacetamide is a chlorinated derivative of acetamide Acetamide (systematic name: ethanamide) is an organic compound with the formula CH3CONH2. It is the simplest amide derived from acetic acid. It finds some use as a plasticizer and as an ...
derivatives

:P01AC01

Diloxanide Diloxanide is a medication used to treat amebiasis, amoeba infections. In places where infections are not common, it is a second line treatment after paromomycin when a person has no symptoms. For people who are symptomatic, it is used after tre ...

:P01AC02 Clefamide :P01AC03

Etofamide Etofamide (INN, also known as eticlordifene) is an antiprotozoal drug used in the treatment of amoebiasis. Its effect against ''Giardia lamblia ''Giardia duodenalis'', also known as ''Giardia intestinalis'' and ''Giardia lamblia'', is a flagel ...

:P01AC04

Teclozan Teclozan is an antiprotozoal agent. It is a dichloroacetamide Dichloroacetamide is a chlorinated derivative of acetamide Acetamide (systematic name: ethanamide) is an organic compound with the formula CH3CONH2. It is the simplest amide derived ...

P01AR
Arsenic Arsenic is a chemical element with the symbol As and atomic number 33. Arsenic occurs in many minerals, usually in combination with sulfur and metals, but also as a pure elemental crystal. Arsenic is a metalloid. It has various allotropes, bu ...
compounds

:P01AR01

Arsthinol Arsthinol (INN) is an antiprotozoal agent. It was synthesized for the first time in 1949 by Ernst A.H. Friedheim by complexation of acetarsol with 2,3-dimercaptopropanol (British anti-Lewisite) and has been demonstrated to be effective against amoe ...

:P01AR02

Difetarsone Difetarsone is an antiprotozoal agent. Various studies have shown it to be particularly effective against ''Trichuris trichiura'', commonly known as the whipworm. Prior to the drugs use in the early 1970s, there were few effective treatments for th ...

:P01AR03

Glycobiarsol Glycobiarsol (trade name Milibis) is an antiprotozoal agent Antiprotozoal agents ( ATC code: ATC P01) is a class of pharmaceuticals used in treatment of protozoan infection. A paraphyletic group, protozoans have little in common with each othe ...

:P01AR53 Glycobiarsol, combinations

P01AX Other agents against amoebiasis and other protozoal diseases

:P01AX01

Chiniofon Chiniofon is an antiprotozoal agent Antiprotozoal agents ( ATC code: ATC P01) is a class of pharmaceuticals used in treatment of protozoan infection. A paraphyletic group, protozoans have little in common with each other. For example, '' Enta ...

:P01AX02

Emetine Emetine is a drug used as both an anti-protozoal and to induce vomiting. It is produced from the ipecac root. It takes its name from its emetic properties. Early preparations Mechanism of action of emetine was studied by François Magendie duri ...

:P01AX04

Phanquinone Phanquinone is an organic compound. It is a yellowish solid derived by oxidation of 4,7-phenanthroline. It has been investigated as both antiprotozoal agent Antiprotozoal agents ( ATC code: ATC P01) is a class of pharmaceuticals used in treatm ...

:P01AX05

Mepacrine Mepacrine, also called quinacrine or by the trade name Atabrine, is a medication with several uses. It is related to chloroquine and mefloquine. Although formerly available from compounding pharmacies, as of August 2020 it is unavailable in th ...

:P01AX06

Atovaquone Atovaquone, sold under the brand name Mepron, is an antimicrobial medication for the prevention and treatment of ''Pneumocystis jirovecii'' pneumonia (PCP). Atovaquone is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of naphthoquinones. Atovaq ...

:P01AX07

Trimetrexate Trimetrexate is a quinazoline derivative. It is a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor. Uses It has been used with leucovorin in treating pneumocystis pneumonia. It has been investigated for use in treating leiomyosarcoma. It is a methotrexate ...

:P01AX08 Tenonitrozole :P01AX09

Dehydroemetine Dehydroemetine is a synthetically produced antiprotozoal agent similar to emetine in its anti-amoebic properties and structure (they differ only in a double bond next to the ethyl substituent), but it produces fewer side effects. In the United S ...

:P01AX10

Fumagillin Fumagillin is a complex biomolecule and used as an antimicrobial agent. It was isolated in 1949 from the microbial organism ''Aspergillus fumigatus''. Uses In animals It was originally used against microsporidian parasites ''Nosema apis'' infecti ...

:P01AX11

Nitazoxanide Nitazoxanide, sold under the brand name Alinia among others, is a broad-spectrum antiparasitic and broad-spectrum antiviral medication that is used in medicine for the treatment of various helminthic, protozoal, and viral infections. It is ind ...

:P01AX52 Emetine, combinations

P01B Anti
malaria Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects humans and other animals. Malaria causes symptoms that typically include fever, tiredness, vomiting, and headaches. In severe cases, it can cause jaundice, seizures, coma, or deat ...
ls

P01BA
Aminoquinoline Aminoquinolines are derivatives of quinoline, most notable for their roles as antimalarial drugs. Depending upon the location of the amino group, they can be divided into: * 4-Aminoquinoline * 8-Aminoquinoline 8-Aminoquinoline is the 8-amino deri ...
s

:P01BA01

Chloroquine Chloroquine is a medication primarily used to prevent and treat malaria in areas where malaria remains sensitive to its effects. Certain types of malaria, resistant strains, and complicated cases typically require different or additional medi ...

:P01BA02

Hydroxychloroquine Hydroxychloroquine, sold under the brand name Plaquenil among others, is a medication used to prevent and treat malaria in areas where malaria remains sensitive to chloroquine. Other uses include treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, a ...

:P01BA03

Primaquine Primaquine is a medication used to treat and prevent malaria and to treat ''Pneumocystis'' pneumonia. Specifically it is used for malaria due to ''Plasmodium vivax'' and ''Plasmodium ovale'' along with other medications and for prevention if othe ...

:P01BA06

Amodiaquine Amodiaquine (ADQ) is a medication used to treat malaria, including ''Plasmodium falciparum'' malaria when uncomplicated. It is recommended to be given with artesunate to reduce the risk of resistance. Due to the risk of rare but serious side effec ...

:P01BA07

Tafenoquine Tafenoquine, sold under the brand name Krintafel among others, is a medication used to prevent and to treat malaria. With respect to acute malaria, it is used together with other medications to prevent relapse by ''Plasmodium vivax''. It may be ...

P01BB
Biguanide Biguanide () is the organic compound with the formula HN(C(NH)NH2)2. It is a colorless solid that dissolves in water to give highly basic solution. These solutions slowly hydrolyse to ammonia and urea. Synthesis Biguanide can be obtained from ...
s

:P01BB01

Proguanil Proguanil, also known as chlorguanide and chloroguanide, is a medication used to treat and prevent malaria. It is often used together with chloroquine or atovaquone. When used with chloroquine the combination will treat mild chloroquine resista ...

:P01BB02 Cycloguanil embonate :P01BB51 Proguanil and atovaquone :P01BB52 Chloroquine and proguanil

P01BC Methanolquinolines

:P01BC01

Quinine Quinine is a medication used to treat malaria and babesiosis. This includes the treatment of malaria due to '' Plasmodium falciparum'' that is resistant to chloroquine when artesunate is not available. While sometimes used for nocturnal leg ...

:P01BC02

Mefloquine Mefloquine, sold under the brand name Lariam among others, is a medication used to prevent or treat malaria. When used for prevention it is typically started before potential exposure and continued for several weeks after potential exposure. It ...

P01BD
Diaminopyrimidine Diaminopyrimidines (DAP) are a class of organic chemical compounds that include two amine groups on a pyrimidine ring. They include many dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor drugs (such as pyrimethamine, trimetrexate, and piritrexim and the an ...
s

:P01BD01

Pyrimethamine Pyrimethamine, sold under the brand name Daraprim among others, is a medication used with leucovorin (leucovorin is used to decrease side effects of pyrimethamine; it does not have intrinsic anti-parasitic activity) to treat the parasitic dise ...

:P01BD51 Pyrimethamine, combinations

P01BE
Artemisinin Artemisinin () and its semisynthetic derivatives are a group of drugs used in the treatment of malaria due to '' Plasmodium falciparum''. It was discovered in 1972 by Tu Youyou, who shared the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her ...
and derivatives, plain

:P01BE01

Artemisinin Artemisinin () and its semisynthetic derivatives are a group of drugs used in the treatment of malaria due to '' Plasmodium falciparum''. It was discovered in 1972 by Tu Youyou, who shared the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her ...

:P01BE02

Artemether Artemether is a medication used for the treatment of malaria. The injectable form is specifically used for severe malaria rather than quinine. In adults, it may not be as effective as artesunate. It is given by injection in a muscle. It is also a ...

:P01BE03

Artesunate Artesunate (AS) is a medication used to treat malaria. The intravenous form is preferred to quinine for severe malaria. Often it is used as part of combination therapy, such as artesunate plus mefloquine. It is not used for the prevention of mal ...

:P01BE04

Artemotil Artemotil (INN; also known as β-arteether), is a fast acting blood schizonticide specifically indicated for the treatment of chloroquine-resistant ''Plasmodium falciparum'' malaria and cerebral malaria cases. It is a semi-synthetic derivative o ...

:P01BE05

Artenimol Dihydroartemisinin (also known as dihydroqinghaosu, artenimol or DHA) is a drug used to treat malaria. Dihydroartemisinin is the active metabolite of all artemisinin compounds (artemisinin, artesunate, artemether, etc.) and is also available ...

P01BF Artemisinin and derivatives, combinations

:P01BF01 Artemether and lumefantrine :P01BF02 Artesunate and mefloquine :P01BF03 Artesunate and amodiaquine :P01BF04 Artesunate, sulfalene and pyrimethamine :P01BF05 Artenimol and

piperaquine Piperaquine is an antiparasitic drug used in combination with dihydroartemisinin to treat malaria. Piperaquine was developed under the Chinese National Malaria Elimination Programme in the 1960s and was adopted throughout China as a replacement ...

:P01BF06 Artesunate and

pyronaridine Pyronaridine is an antimalarial drug. It was first made in 1970 and has been in clinical use in China since the 1980s. In a small (n=88) malaria study in Camaroon, pyronaridine had a 100% cure rate, compared with 60% for chloroquine. It is one o ...

:P01BF07 Artemisinin and

:P01BF08 Artemisinin and naphthoquine :P01BF09 Artesunate, sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine

P01BX Other antimalarials

:P01BX01

Halofantrine Halofantrine is a drug used to treat malaria. Halofantrine's structure contains a substituted phenanthrene, and is related to the antimalarial drugs quinine and lumefantrine. Marketed as Halfan, halofantrine is never used to prevent malaria and i ...

:P01BX02

Arterolane Arterolane, also known as OZ277 or RBx 11160, is a substance that was tested for antimalarial activity by Ranbaxy Laboratories. It was discovered by US and European scientists who were coordinated by the Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV). Its m ...

and

P01C Agents against
leishmaniasis Leishmaniasis is a wide array of clinical manifestations caused by parasites of the trypanosome genus '' Leishmania''. It is generally spread through the bite of phlebotomine sandflies, '' Phlebotomus'' and ''Lutzomyia'', and occurs most f ...
and
trypanosomiasis Trypanosomiasis or trypanosomosis is the name of several diseases in vertebrates caused by parasitic protozoan trypanosomes of the genus ''Trypanosoma''. In humans this includes African trypanosomiasis and Chagas disease. A number of other dise ...

P01CA
Nitroimidazole 5-Nitroimidazole is an organic compound with the formula O2NC3H2N2H. The nitro group at position 5 on the imidazole ring is the most common positional isomer. The term nitroimidazole also refers to a class of antibiotics that share similar chem ...
derivatives

:P01CA02

Benznidazole Benznidazole is an antiparasitic medication used in the treatment of Chagas disease. While it is highly effective in early disease this decreases in those who have long-term infection. It is the first-line treatment given its moderate side effec ...

:P01CA03

Fexinidazole Fexinidazole is a medication used to treat African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) caused by ''Trypanosoma brucei gambiense''. It is effective against both first and second stage disease. Some evidence also supports its use in Chagas dise ...

P01CB
Antimony Antimony is a chemical element with the symbol Sb (from la, stibium) and atomic number 51. A lustrous gray metalloid, it is found in nature mainly as the sulfide mineral stibnite (Sb2S3). Antimony compounds have been known since ancient ti ...
compounds

:P01CB01 Meglumine antimonate :P01CB02 Sodium stibogluconate

P01CC Nitrofuran derivatives

:P01CC01

Nifurtimox Nifurtimox, sold under the brand name Lampit, is a medication used to treat Chagas disease and sleeping sickness. For sleeping sickness it is used together with eflornithine in nifurtimox-eflornithine combination treatment. In Chagas disease ...

:P01CC02

Nitrofural Nitrofurazone (INN, trade name Furacin) is an antimicrobial organic compound belonging to the nitrofuran class. It is most commonly used as a topical antibiotic ointment. It is effective against gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, a ...

P01CD Arsenic compounds

:P01CD01

Melarsoprol Melarsoprol is an arsenic-containing medication used for the treatment of sleeping sickness (African trypanosomiasis). It is specifically used for second-stage disease caused by '' Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense'' when the central nervous system i ...

:P01CD02

Acetarsol Acetarsol (or acetarsone) is an anti-infective drug. It was first discovered in 1921 at Pasteur Institute by Ernest Fourneau, and sold under the brand name Stovarsol. It has been given in the form of suppositories. Acetarsol can be used to mak ...

P01CX Other agents against leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis

:P01CX01 Pentamidine isethionate :P01CX02

Suramin sodium Suramin is a medication used to treat African sleeping sickness and river blindness. It is the treatment of choice for sleeping sickness without central nervous system involvement. It is given by injection into a vein. Suramin causes a fair ...

:P01CX03

Eflornithine Eflornithine, sold under the brand name Vaniqa among others, is a medication used to treat African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) and excessive hair growth on the face in women. Specifically it is used for the 2nd stage of sleeping sickness ...

:P01CX04

Miltefosine Miltefosine, sold under the trade name Impavido among others, is a medication mainly used to treat leishmaniasis and free-living amoeba infections such as ''Naegleria fowleri'' and '' Balamuthia mandrillaris''. This includes the three forms of le ...

References

{{Agents against amoebozoa P01

P01AA Hydroxyquinoline 8-Hydroxyquinoline (also known as oxine) is a chelating agent which has been used for the quantitative determination of metal ions. In aqueous solution 8-hydroxyquinoline has a pKa value of ca. 9.9 It reacts with metal ions, losing the proton an ... derivatives

P01AB Nitroimidazole 5-Nitroimidazole is an organic compound with the formula O2NC3H2N2H. The nitro group at position 5 on the imidazole ring is the most common positional isomer. The term nitroimidazole also refers to a class of antibiotics that share similar chem ... derivatives

P01AC Dichloroacetamide Dichloroacetamide is a chlorinated derivative of acetamide Acetamide (systematic name: ethanamide) is an organic compound with the formula CH3CONH2. It is the simplest amide derived from acetic acid. It finds some use as a plasticizer and as an ... derivatives

P01AR Arsenic Arsenic is a chemical element with the symbol As and atomic number 33. Arsenic occurs in many minerals, usually in combination with sulfur and metals, but also as a pure elemental crystal. Arsenic is a metalloid. It has various allotropes, bu ... compounds