The ARRA (for "Automatische Relais Rekenmachine Amsterdam", Automatic Relay Calculator Amsterdam) was the first
Dutch computer
A computer is a machine that can be programmed to Execution (computing), carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations (computation) automatically. Modern digital electronic computers can perform generic sets of operations known as C ...
, and was built from
relays for the Dutch Mathematical Centre (Dutch: Mathematisch Centrum), which later became the
Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI).
It was designed and built by
Carel Scholten
Carel S. Scholten (Amsterdam, 1925 – 2009) was a physicist and a pioneer of computing.
He went to the Vossius Gymnasium in Amsterdam and then studied physics from 1945 to 1952 at the University of Amsterdam.
In 1947 he was asked by the D ...
and
Bram Loopstra, and was finished in 1952. Because of reliability problems it was soon taken out of commission, and "updated" to the ARRA II, which actually was a completely new design. In December 1953, electronic ARRA II performed its first programs and was completed in 1954.
See also
Other computers designed and built at the Mathematical Centre:
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ARRA II (computer) Arra or ARRA may refer to:
Places
* Arra, Paschim Bardhaman, census town in West Bengal
* Arra, Purba Bardhaman, West Bengal
* Arra, Purulia, census town in West Bengal
* Arra, Chakwal, a village in Pakistan
* Arra, now part of Owney and Arra, Coun ...
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FERTA (computer)
*
ARMAC (computer), 1956
Other very early Dutch computers:
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P3 (computer)
P3, P-3, P.3, or P03 may refer to:
Entertainment
* ''Persona 3'', a 2006 video game
* ''Postal III'', a 2011 video game
* Third (Portishead album), ''Third'' (Portishead album), 2008 music album
* P3 Club, a fictional nightclub in the television s ...
*
PASCAL (computer)
Pascal, Pascal's or PASCAL may refer to:
People and fictional characters
* Pascal (given name), including a list of people with the name
* Pascal (surname), including a list of people and fictional characters with the name
** Blaise Pascal, Fre ...
*
PETER (computer)
Peter may refer to:
People
* List of people named Peter, a list of people and fictional characters with the given name
* Peter (given name)
** Saint Peter (died 60s), apostle of Jesus, leader of the early Christian Church
* Peter (surname), a sur ...
*
PTERA (computer), 1953
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STEVIN (computer)
Simon Stevin (; 1548–1620), sometimes called Stevinus, was a Flemish mathematician, scientist and music theorist. He made various contributions in many areas of science and engineering, both theoretical and practical. He also translated vario ...
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Testudo (computer) Testudo (which meant "tortoise" in classical Latin) may refer to:
* Battering ram, an armored siege engine with metal plating on the top to protect from missiles fired from above
* Chevrolet Testudo, a concept car designed and built by Bertone on a ...
*
X1 (computer)
*
X2 (computer) X2 may refer to:
Computers
* X2 (protocol), a pre-V.90 standard for 56k downstream modem communications
* Athlon 64 X2, the first dual-core desktop CPU manufactured by AMD
* A two-lane PCI Express, slot
* A type of 10 Gigabit Ethernet, optical tra ...
*
X4 (computer) X4, X-4 or x4 may refer to:
* BMW X4, a German crossover automobile
* Sehol X4, a Chinese crossover automobile
* Honda X4, a Japanese motorcycle
* Moto X4, an Android Smartphone
* ''Mega Man X4'', a video game
* Naish X4, a kitesurfing kite
* The ...
*
X8 (computer)
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ZEBRA (computer)
The ZEBRA (Zeer Eenvoudige Binaire Reken Automaat translated Very Simple Binary Automatic Calculator) was one of the first computers to be designed in the Netherlands, (the first one was the " ARRA") and one of the first Dutch computers to be comm ...
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ZERO (computer)
0 (zero) is a number representing an empty quantity. In place-value notation such as the Hindu–Arabic numeral system, 0 also serves as a placeholder numerical digit, which works by multiplying digits to the left of 0 by the radix, usuall ...
References
External links
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Electro-mechanical computers
Science and technology in the Netherlands
One-of-a-kind computers
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