API Calculus is a program that solves calculus problems using operating systems within a device. In 1989, the PI Calculus was created by
Robin Milner
Arthur John Robin Gorell Milner (13 January 1934 – 20 March 2010) was a British computer scientist, and a Turing Award winner. In 2002, Shahram Rahimi decided to create an upgraded version of the PI Calculus and called it the API Calculus. Milner claimed the detailed characteristics of the API Calculus to be its "Communication Ability, Capacity for Cooperation, Capacity for Reasoning and Learning, Adaptive Behavior, and Trustworthiness."
The main purpose of creating this mobile advancement is to better network and communicate with other operators while completing a task. Unfortunately, API Calculus is not perfect and has faced a problem with its security system. The language has seven features created within the device that the PI Calculus does not have. Since this program is so advanced due to the way the software was created and the different abilities offered in the program, it requires conversion into other programming languages so it can be used on various devices and other computing languages. Although API Calculus is currently being used by various other programming languages, modifications are still being made since the security on the API Calculus is causing problems for users.
What Does It Do?
The main uses of API Calculus are modeling migration, intelligence, natural grouping and security in agent-based systems. This calculus programming language is usually used in various other program languages such as Java. In Java, a famous programming language used by various corporations such as IBM, TCS, and
Google
Google LLC (, ) is an American multinational corporation and technology company focusing on online advertising, search engine technology, cloud computing, computer software, quantum computing, e-commerce, consumer electronics, and artificial ...
, API Calculus is commonly used to solve equations and programs involving calculus.
Features
API Calculus has a wide variety of features including those similar to the PI Calculus but it also has new and improved features such as:
* accepts processes to be passed over communication links
* natural grouping of mobile processes is addressed
* features calculus dictionary
* includes milieu - a level of abstraction that is between a single
mobile agent
In computer science, a mobile agent is a piece of software agent combined with data that is able to migrate from one computer to another autonomously and continue its execution on the destination with the ability to interact with other agents ther ...
s (combination of computer software and data that is able to transfer from one computer to another independently and still able to work on the most recent computer that data was transferred to) and the device as a whole. It is a very restricted environment that involves zero or many agents or other milieus that work closely together to solve computer based problems.
* ability of grouping together
hosts
A host is a person responsible for guests at an event or for providing hospitality during it.
Host may also refer to:
Places
* Host, Pennsylvania, a village in Berks County
* Host Island, in the Wilhelm Archipelago, Antarctica
People
* ...
(a physical node - connection point - or software program) and processes (computer program that is running) that are similar
* contains different programming languages
* knowledge units
Verification Strategy
The software language used throughout the API Calculus program is translated into two other different languages. It is first translated from API Calculus syntax to ATEL/ATL, then to MOCHA. The outcome of the translating module is like the step previously mentioned.
# Input Module( receives API Calculus model )
# Translating Model ( converts API syntax to ATEL/ATL syntax )
# Model Verification ( MOCHA )
# Display Mode
Transferring API syntax to ATEL/ATL requires coding transformation knowledge to successfully transfer.
Syntax
The API program has its own syntax that it follows in order to make the program run smoothly. The program is broken down into four main categories such as terms, processes, knowledge units, and milieu. The terms can be names, terms, facts, rules or functions that are assigned to variable names of the program. The process is the list of expressions used within the program to solve a calculus problem or equation. The knowledge units or commonly known as parameters are the facts and rules that can be used in order to solve the program. Lastly, the milieu is the ability to transfer computer data and information from one computer to another independently.
Flaws
The only flaw that the API Calculus has is that it doesn't have the ability to support a security system on mobile devices such as
laptops
A laptop computer or notebook computer, also known as a laptop or notebook, is a small, portable personal computer (PC). Laptops typically have a clamshell form factor with a flat-panel screen on the inside of the upper lid and an alpha ...
. The problem is that is any outside source tries to enter the milieu is not allowed to enter because the API Calculus requires proof that is can be a trusted source.