Adiponectin receptor 2 (AdipoR2) is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residue (biochemistry), residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including Enzyme catalysis, catalysing metab ...
which in humans is encoded by the ''ADIPOR2''
gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protei ...
.
It is a member of the
progestin and adipoQ receptor
The progestin and adipoQ receptor (PAQR) family is a group of receptors related to but distinct from the G protein-coupled receptor family, which have the similar seven transmembrane structure, but the N-terminal is located on the inner side of th ...
(PAQR) family, and is also known as PAQR2.
Structure
Similar to
G protein-coupled receptor
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-(pass)-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptors, and G protein-linked receptors (GPLR), form a large group of evolutionarily related ...
s (GPCRs), AdipoR2 also possesses 7
transmembrane domain
A transmembrane domain (TMD, TM domain) is a membrane-spanning protein domain. TMDs may consist of one or several alpha-helices or a transmembrane beta barrel. Because the interior of the lipid bilayer is hydrophobic, the amino acid residues in ...
s. However, AdipoR2 is orientated oppositely to GPCRs in the membrane (i.e., cytoplasmic
N-terminus
The N-terminus (also known as the amino-terminus, NH2-terminus, N-terminal end or amine-terminus) is the start of a protein or polypeptide, referring to the free amine group (-NH2) located at the end of a polypeptide. Within a peptide, the amin ...
, extracellular
C-terminus
The C-terminus (also known as the carboxyl-terminus, carboxy-terminus, C-terminal tail, carboxy tail, C-terminal end, or COOH-terminus) is the end of an amino acid chain (protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comp ...
) and does not associate with
G protein
G proteins, also known as guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, are a Protein family, family of proteins that act as molecular switches inside cells, and are involved in transmitting signals from a variety of stimuli outside a cell (biology), ...
s.
Function
The
adiponectin receptors,
AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, serve as receptors for globular and full-length
adiponectin and mediate increased
AMPK and
PPAR-α ligand activities, as well as
fatty acid
In chemistry, in particular in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated and unsaturated compounds#Organic chemistry, saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have an ...
oxidation and glucose uptake by adiponectin.
In 2016, the University of Tokyo announced that it would launch an investigation into claims of fabrication of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 identification data, as accused by an anonymous person/group called
Ordinary_researchers.
[University of Tokyo to investigate data manipulation charges against six prominent research groups](_blank)
ScienceInsider, Dennis Normile, Sep 20, 2016
Ligands
Agonists
Peptide
*
Adiponectin
*
ADP-355
*
ADP-399
Non-peptide
*
AdipoRon
*
Deoxyschizandrin
*
Parthenolide
Parthenolide is a sesquiterpene lactone of the germacranolide class which occurs naturally in the plant feverfew ('' Tanacetum parthenium''), after which it is named, and in the closely related tansy (''Tanacetum vulgare''). It is found in highes ...
*
Syringing
*
Taxifoliol
Antagonists
Peptide
*
ADP-400
See also
*
Adiponectin receptor
*
Adiponectin receptor 1
References
External links
*
7TM receptors
{{gene-12-stub