ADAMTS (short for a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs) is a family of multidomain extracellular

protease A protease (also called a peptidase, proteinase, or proteolytic enzyme) is an enzyme that catalyzes (increases reaction rate or "speeds up") proteolysis, breaking down proteins into smaller polypeptides or single amino acids, and spurring the form ...

enzymes. 19 members of this family have been identified in humans, the first of which, ADAMTS1, was described in 1997. Known functions of the ADAMTS proteases include processing of procollagens and

von Willebrand factor Von Willebrand factor (VWF) () is a blood glycoprotein involved in hemostasis, specifically, platelet adhesion. It is deficient and/or defective in von Willebrand disease and is involved in many other diseases, including thrombotic thrombocytop ...

as well as cleavage of

aggrecan Aggrecan (ACAN), also known as cartilage-specific proteoglycan core protein (CSPCP) or chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ACAN'' gene. This gene is a member of the lectican ( chondroitin sulfate pro ...

versican Versican is a large extracellular matrix proteoglycan that is present in a variety of human tissues. It is encoded by the ''VCAN'' gene. Versican is a large chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan with an apparent molecular mass of more than 1000kDa. ...

brevican Brevican core protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''BCAN'' gene. Brevican is a member of the lectican protein family. Brevican is localised to the surface of neurons in the brain. In melanocytic cells, BCAN gene expression may ...

and

neurocan Neurocan core protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''NCAN'' gene. Neurocan is a member of the lectican / chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan protein families and consists of neurocan core protein and chondroitin sulfate. It is thoug ...

, making them key remodeling enzymes of the

extracellular matrix In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM), also called intercellular matrix, is a three-dimensional network consisting of extracellular macromolecules and minerals, such as collagen, enzymes, glycoproteins and hydroxyapatite that provide struc ...

. They have been demonstrated to have important roles in connective tissue organization,

coagulation Coagulation, also known as clotting, is the process by which blood changes from a liquid to a gel, forming a blood clot. It potentially results in hemostasis, the cessation of blood loss from a damaged vessel, followed by repair. The mechanis ...

, inflammation,

arthritis Arthritis is a term often used to mean any disorder that affects joints. Symptoms generally include joint pain and stiffness. Other symptoms may include redness, warmth, swelling, and decreased range of motion of the affected joints. In some ...

, angiogenesis and cell migration. Homologous subfamily of ADAMTSL (ADAMTS-like) proteins, which lack enzymatic activity, has also been described. Most cases of

thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a blood disorder that results in blood clots forming in small blood vessels throughout the body. This results in a low platelet count, low red blood cells due to their breakdown, and often kidney, h ...

arise from autoantibody-mediated inhibition of

ADAMTS13 ADAMTS13 (''a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13'')—also known as ''von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease'' (VWFCP)—is a zinc-containing metalloprotease enzyme that cleaves von Willebrand facto ...

. Like

ADAMs Adams may refer to: * For persons, see Adams (surname) Places United States *Adams, California *Adams, California, former name of Corte Madera, California *Adams, Decatur County, Indiana *Adams, Kentucky *Adams, Massachusetts, a New England town ...

, the name of the ADAMTS family refers to its

disintegrin Disintegrins are a family of small proteins (45–84 amino acids in length) from viper venoms that function as potent inhibitors of both platelet aggregation and integrin-dependent cell adhesion. Operation Disintegrins work by countering the bl ...

and

metalloproteinase A metalloproteinase, or metalloprotease, is any protease enzyme whose catalytic mechanism involves a metal. An example is ADAM12 which plays a significant role in the fusion of muscle cells during embryo development, in a process known as myoge ...

activity, and in the case of ADAMTS, the presence of a

thrombospondin Thrombospondins (TSPs) are a family of secreted glycoproteins with antiangiogenic functions. Due to their dynamic role within the extracellular matrix they are considered matricellular proteins. The first member of the family, thrombospondin 1 (T ...

motif.

ADAMTS family members

* ADAMTS1 *

ADAMTS2 A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 2 (ADAM-TS2) also known as procollagen I N-proteinase (PC I-NP) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''ADAMTS2'' gene. Gene The ADAMTS2 gene is located on the long (q) ...

ADAMTS3 A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''ADAMTS3'' gene. The protein encoded by this gene is the major procollagen II N-propeptidase. Structure This gene encodes a member ...

ADAMTS4 A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''ADAMTS4'' gene. This gene encodes a member of the ADAMTS (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs) protein fam ...

ADAMTS5 A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 also known as ADAMTS5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''ADAMTS5'' gene. Function ADAMTS5 is a member of the ADAMTS (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombo ...

(=ADAMTS11) *

ADAMTS6 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ADAMTS6 gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredit ...

ADAMTS7 A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 7 (ADAMTS7) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''ADAMTS7'' gene on chromosome 15. It is ubiquitously expressed in many tissues and cell types. This enzyme catalyzes the degrad ...

ADAMTS8 A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 8 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''ADAMTS8'' gene. Function This gene encodes a member of the ADAMTS (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs) ...

(or METH-2), an

antiangiogenic An angiogenesis inhibitor is a substance that inhibits the growth of new blood vessels (angiogenesis). Some angiogenesis inhibitors are endogenous and a normal part of the body's control and others are obtained exogenously through pharmaceutical d ...

METH-2 silencing and promoter hypermethylation in NSCLC
/ref> *

ADAMTS9 A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 9 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''ADAMTS9'' gene. This gene encodes a member of the ADAMTS (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs) protein fam ...

* ADAMTS10 *

ADAMTS12 A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 12 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''ADAMTS12'' gene. This gene encodes a member of the ADAMTS (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs) protein f ...

ADAMTS14 ADAMTS14 encodes a member of the ADAMTS protein family. Members of the family share several distinct protein modules, including a propeptide region, a metalloproteinase domain, a disintegrin-like domain, and a thrombospondin type 1 (TS) motif. Indi ...

* ADAMTS15 * ADAMTS16 *

ADAMTS17 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 17 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ADAMTS17 gene. Function This gene encodes a member of the ADAMTS (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs) protein ...

* ADAMTS18 * ADAMTS19 * ADAMTS20

References

{{Portal bar, Biology, border=no EC 3.4.24 Human proteins

ADAMTS family members

See also

References