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ACV synthetase (ACVS, L-δ-(α-aminoadipoyl)-L-cysteinyl-D-valine synthetase, ''N''-(5-amino-5-carboxypentanoyl)-L-cysteinyl-D-valine synthase, ) is an
enzyme Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products. A ...
that
catalyzes Catalysis () is the process of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction by adding a substance known as a catalyst (). Catalysts are not consumed in the reaction and remain unchanged after it. If the reaction is rapid and the catalyst recyc ...
the
chemical reaction A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the IUPAC nomenclature for organic transformations, chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Classically, chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the pos ...
:3 ATP + L-2-aminohexanedioate + L-cysteine + L-valine + H2O \rightleftharpoons 3 AMP + 3 PPi + ''N''- small>L-5-amino-5-carboxypentanoylL-cysteinyl-D-valine The five substrates of this enzyme are ATP, L-2-aminohexanedioate, L-
cysteine Cysteine (symbol Cys or C; ) is a semiessential proteinogenic amino acid with the formula . The thiol side chain in cysteine often participates in enzymatic reactions as a nucleophile. When present as a deprotonated catalytic residue, sometime ...
, L-
valine Valine (symbol Val or V) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH3+ form under biological conditions), an α- carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonat ...
, and H2O, whereas its three
products Product may refer to: Business * Product (business), an item that serves as a solution to a specific consumer problem. * Product (project management), a deliverable or set of deliverables that contribute to a business solution Mathematics * Produ ...
are
AMP #REDIRECT Amp #REDIRECT Amp {{Redirect category shell, {{R from other capitalisation{{R from ambiguous page ...
{{Redirect category shell, {{R from other capitalisation{{R from ambiguous page ...
,
diphosphate In chemistry, pyrophosphates are phosphorus oxyanions that contain two phosphorus atoms in a P–O–P linkage. A number of pyrophosphate salts exist, such as disodium pyrophosphate (Na2H2P2O7) and tetrasodium pyrophosphate (Na4P2O7), among othe ...
, and ''N''- small>L-5-amino-5-carboxypentanoylL-cysteinyl-D-valine. ACVS is an example of a
nonribosomal peptide synthetase Nonribosomal peptides (NRP) are a class of peptide secondary metabolites, usually produced by microorganisms like bacteria and fungi. Nonribosomal peptides are also found in higher organisms, such as nudibranchs, but are thought to be made by bacter ...
(NRPS). It participates in
penicillin Penicillins (P, PCN or PEN) are a group of β-lactam antibiotics originally obtained from ''Penicillium'' moulds, principally '' P. chrysogenum'' and '' P. rubens''. Most penicillins in clinical use are synthesised by P. chrysogenum using ...
and
cephalosporin The cephalosporins (sg. ) are a class of β-lactam antibiotics originally derived from the fungus ''Acremonium'', which was previously known as ''Cephalosporium''. Together with cephamycins, they constitute a subgroup of β-lactam antibiotics ...
biosyntheses.


References

* * EC 6.3.2 Enzymes of unknown structure {{6.3-enzyme-stub