Actin-like protein 6A is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, respon ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''ACTL6A''
gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a b ...
.
Function
This gene encodes a family member of actin-related proteins (ARPs), which share significant amino acid sequence identity to conventional actins. Both actins and ARPs have an actin fold, which is an ATP-binding cleft, as a common feature. The ARPs are involved in diverse cellular processes, including vesicular transport, spindle orientation, nuclear migration and
chromatin remodeling
Chromatin remodeling is the dynamic modification of chromatin architecture to allow access of condensed genomic DNA to the regulatory transcription machinery proteins, and thereby control gene expression. Such remodeling is principally carried out ...
. This gene encodes a 53 kDa subunit protein of the
BAF (BRG1/brm-associated factor) complex in mammals, which is functionally related to SWI/SNF complex in ''
S. cerevisiae'' and ''
Drosophila
''Drosophila'' () is a genus of flies, belonging to the family Drosophilidae, whose members are often called "small fruit flies" or (less frequently) pomace flies, vinegar flies, or wine flies, a reference to the characteristic of many s ...
''; the latter is thought to facilitate transcriptional
activation
Activation, in chemistry and biology, is the process whereby something is prepared or excited for a subsequent reaction.
Chemistry
In chemistry, "activation" refers to the reversible transition of a molecule into a nearly identical chemical ...
of specific genes by antagonizing chromatin-mediated transcriptional
repression
Repression may refer to:
* Memory inhibition, the ability to filter irrelevant memories from attempts to recall
* Political repression, the oppression or persecution of an individual or group for political reasons
* Psychological repression, the p ...
. Together with beta-actin, it is required for maximal ATPase activity of BRG1, and for the association of the BAF complex with chromatin/matrix. Three transcript variants that encode two different protein isoforms have been described.
Clinical significance
ACTL6A is amplified in head and squamous cancers and confers poor prognosis in patients.
In hepatocellular carcinomas, it promotes metastasis.
Interactions
ACTL6A has been shown to
interact
Advocates for Informed Choice, dba interACT or interACT Advocates for Intersex Youth, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization using innovative strategies to advocate for the legal and human rights of children with intersex traits. The organizat ...
with
SMARCA2
Probable global transcription activator SNF2L2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''SMARCA2'' gene.
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the SWI/SNF family of proteins and is highly similar to the brahma protein o ...
,
Myc
''Myc'' is a family of regulator genes and proto-oncogenes that code for transcription factors. The ''Myc'' family consists of three related human genes: ''c-myc'' ( MYC), ''l-myc'' ( MYCL), and ''n-myc'' ( MYCN). ''c-myc'' (also sometimes ref ...
,
[ ]Transformation/transcription domain-associated protein
Transformation/transcription domain-associated protein, also known as TRRAP, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''TRRAP'' gene. TRRAP belongs to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinase protein family.
Function
TRRAP is an a ...
,[ ]RuvB-like 1
RuvB-like 1 (E. coli), also known as RUVBL1 and TIP49, is a human gene. RUVBL1 can form a hexamer. The hexamer can form a dodecamer with RUVBL2 protein.
Possesses single-stranded DNA-stimulated ATPase and ATP-dependent DNA helicase (3' to 5') acti ...
[ and ]SMARCA4
Transcription activator BRG1 also known as ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler SMARCA4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''SMARCA4'' gene.
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the SWI/SNF family of proteins and i ...
.[
]
References
Further reading
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{{refend
Human proteins