APOBEC1 complementation factor is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residue (biochemistry), residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including Enzyme catalysis, catalysing metab ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''A1CF''
gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protei ...
.
Gene
Alternative splicing occurs at this locus and three full-length transcript variants, encoding three distinct isoforms, have been described. Additional splicing has been observed but the full-length nature of these variants has not been determined.
Function
Mammalian
apolipoprotein B mRNA
In molecular biology, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) is a single-stranded molecule of RNA that corresponds to the genetic sequence of a gene, and is read by a ribosome in the process of Protein biosynthesis, synthesizing a protein.
mRNA is ...
undergoes site-specific C to U
deamination
Deamination is the removal of an amino group from a molecule. Enzymes that catalysis, catalyse this reaction are called deaminases.
In the human body, deamination takes place primarily in the liver; however, it can also occur in the kidney. In s ...
, which is mediated by a multi-component enzyme complex containing a minimal core composed of
APOBEC1 and a complementation factor encoded by this gene.
The gene product has three non-identical RNA recognition motifs and belongs to the
hnRNP R family of RNA-binding proteins. It has been proposed that this complementation factor functions as an RNA-binding subunit and docks APOBEC1 to deaminate the upstream
cytidine. Studies suggest that the protein may also be involved in other RNA editing or RNA processing events.
Its deletion results in lethality in mice.
Interactions
A1CF has been shown to
interact with
APOBEC1,
SYNCRIP
Synaptotagmin-binding, cytoplasmic RNA-interacting protein (SYNCRIP), also known as heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) Q or NS1-associated protein-1 (NSAP-1), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''SYNCRIP'' gene. As the nam ...
.
References
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Human proteins
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