Adaptor-associated protein kinase 1 also known as AP2-associated protein kinase 1 is an
enzyme
An enzyme () is a protein that acts as a biological catalyst by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrate (chemistry), substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different mol ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''AAK1''
gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protei ...
and is involved in
clathrin mediated endocytosis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described, but their biological validity has not been determined.
Function
Adaptor-related protein complex 2 (
AP-2 complexes) functions during receptor-mediated
endocytosis
Endocytosis is a cellular process in which Chemical substance, substances are brought into the cell. The material to be internalized is surrounded by an area of cell membrane, which then buds off inside the cell to form a Vesicle (biology and chem ...
to trigger
clathrin
Clathrin is a protein that plays a role in the formation of coated vesicles. Clathrin was first isolated by Barbara Pearse in 1976. It forms a triskelion shape composed of three clathrin heavy chains and three light chains. When the triskel ...
assembly, interact with membrane-bound receptors, and recruit endocytic accessory factors. This gene encodes a member of the SNF1 subfamily of
Ser/Thr protein kinases. The protein interacts with and
phosphorylates
In biochemistry, phosphorylation is described as the "transfer of a phosphate group" from a donor to an acceptor. A common phosphorylating agent (phosphate donor) is ATP and a common family of acceptor are alcohols:
:
This equation can be writt ...
a subunit of the AP-2 complex, which promotes binding of AP-2 to sorting signals found in membrane-bound receptors and subsequent
receptor endocytosis
Receptor may refer to:
*Sensory receptor, in physiology, any neurite structure that, on receiving environmental stimuli, produces an informative nerve impulse
*Receptor (biochemistry), in biochemistry, a protein molecule that receives and responds ...
. Its kinase activity is stimulated by clathrin.
References
Further reading
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External links
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