The 95th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the

United States Senate The United States Senate is a chamber of the Bicameralism, bicameral United States Congress; it is the upper house, with the United States House of Representatives, U.S. House of Representatives being the lower house. Together, the Senate and ...

and the

United States House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives is a chamber of the Bicameralism, bicameral United States Congress; it is the lower house, with the U.S. Senate being the upper house. Together, the House and Senate have the authority under Artic ...

. It met in

Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly known as Washington or D.C., is the capital city and federal district of the United States. The city is on the Potomac River, across from Virginia, and shares land borders with ...

, from January 3, 1977, to January 3, 1979, during the final weeks of

Gerald Ford Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr. (born Leslie Lynch King Jr.; July 14, 1913December 26, 2006) was the 38th president of the United States, serving from 1974 to 1977. A member of the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party, Ford assumed the p ...

presidency A presidency is an administration or the executive, the collective administrative and governmental entity that exists around an office of president of a state or nation. Although often the executive branch of government, and often personified b ...

and the first two years of

Jimmy Carter James Earl Carter Jr. (October 1, 1924December 29, 2024) was an American politician and humanitarian who served as the 39th president of the United States from 1977 to 1981. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party ...

. The apportionment of seats in this

House of Representatives House of Representatives is the name of legislative bodies in many countries and sub-national entities. In many countries, the House of Representatives is the lower house of a bicameral legislature, with the corresponding upper house often ...

was based on the

1970 United States census The 1970 United States census, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States to be 203,392,031, an increase of 13.4 percent over the 179,323,175 persons enumerated during the 1960 census. This was t ...

. Both chambers maintained a Democratic

supermajority A supermajority is a requirement for a proposal to gain a specified level of support which is greater than the threshold of one-half used for a simple majority. Supermajority rules in a democracy can help to prevent a majority from eroding fun ...

, and with

being sworn in as

president President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Film and television *'' Præsident ...

on January 20, 1977, this gave the Democrats an overall federal government

trifecta Trifecta A trifecta is a parimutuel bet placed on a horse race in which the bettor must predict which horses will finish first, second, and third, in the exact order. Known as a trifecta in the US and Australia, this is known as a tricast in ...

for the first time since the 90th Congress ending in 1969. , this was the most recent Congress to approve an amendment (the unratified District of Columbia Voting Rights Amendment) to the

Constitution A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organization or other type of entity, and commonly determines how that entity is to be governed. When these pri ...

. This is the last time the Democratic Party or any political party held a 2/3 supermajority in the House. This is the last congress to at any point have no female senators (from its beginning, January 3, 1977, until the swearing-in of Muriel Humphrey (D- MN) on January 25, 1978; and again from the departure of both Humphrey and Maryon Allen (D- AL) on November 7, 1978, to the early swearing-in of

Nancy Kassebaum Nancy Josephine Kassebaum Baker (; born July 29, 1932) is an American retired politician from Kansas who served as a member of the United States Senate from 1978 to 1997. She is the daughter of Alf Landon, who was Governor of Kansas from 1933 t ...

(R- KS) on December 23, 1978

Major events

* 1977 was the last year to have men serving as all 100 U.S senators * January 20, 1977: Inauguration of President

* July 13, 1977:

New York City blackout of 1977 The New York City blackout of 1977 was an electricity blackout that affected most of New York City on July 13–14, 1977. The only unaffected neighborhoods in the city were in southern Queens (including neighborhoods of the Rockaways), which ...

* January 1, 1978: The

Northern Mariana Islands The Northern Mariana Islands, officially the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI), is an Territories of the United States, unincorporated territory and Commonwealth (U.S. insular area), commonwealth of the United States consistin ...

left the

Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands The Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (TTPI) was a United Nations trust territory in Micronesia administered by the United States from 1947 to 1994. The Imperial Japanese South Seas Mandate had been seized by the U.S. during the Pacifi ...

to become a Commonwealth of the United States, making it unincorporated and organized. * February 8, 1978: Senate proceedings are broadcast on radio for the first time. * August 7, 1978:

Love Canal Disaster Love Canal was a neighborhood in Niagara Falls, New York, United States, infamous as the location of a landfill that became the site of an environmental disaster discovered in 1977. Decades of dumping toxic chemicals killed residents and harm ...

* September 17, 1978:

Camp David Accords The Camp David Accords were a pair of political agreements signed by Egyptian president Anwar Sadat and Israeli prime minister Menachem Begin on 17 September 1978, following twelve days of secret negotiations at Camp David, the country retre ...

* November 18, 1978: Representative

Leo Ryan Leo Joseph Ryan Jr. (May 5, 1925 – November 18, 1978) was an American teacher and Democratic Party politician who represented California's 11th congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1973 until his assassination ho ...

is shot and killed by members of the Peoples Temple in

Guyana Guyana, officially the Co-operative Republic of Guyana, is a country on the northern coast of South America, part of the historic British West Indies. entry "Guyana" Georgetown, Guyana, Georgetown is the capital of Guyana and is also the co ...

, shortly before the Jonestown massacre.

Hearings

* Project MKULTRA – (

Church Committee The Church Committee (formally the United States Senate Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities) was a US Senate select committee in 1975 that investigated abuses by the Central Intelligence ...

Senate Select Committee on Intelligence The United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence (sometimes referred to as the Intelligence Committee or SSCI) is dedicated to overseeing the United States Intelligence Community—the agencies and bureaus of the federal government of ...

, Senate Human Resources subcommittee on Health and Scientific Research)

Major legislation

* August 3, 1977: Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act, , * August 4, 1977:

Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977 The United States Department of Energy (DOE) is an executive department of the U.S. federal government that oversees U.S. national energy policy and energy production, the research and development of nuclear power, the military's nuclear wea ...

, , * October 7, 1977: Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977, , * October 12, 1977:

Community Reinvestment Act The Community Reinvestment Act (CRA, P.L. 95-128, 91 Stat. 1147, title VIII of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1977, ''et seq.'') is a United States federal law designed to encourage commercial banks and savings associations to h ...

, , title VIII, * November 23, 1977: Saccharin Study and Labeling Act of 1977, , * December 27, 1977:

Clean Water Act The Clean Water Act (CWA) is the primary federal law in the United States governing water pollution. Its objective is to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation's waters; recognizing the primary respo ...

, , * December 28, 1977:

International Emergency Economic Powers Act The International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), Title II of , is a United States federal law authorizing the president to regulate international commerce after declaring a national emergency in response to any unusual and extraordinar ...

, , title II, * March 10, 1978: Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978, , * October 10, 1978: Susan B. Anthony Dollar Coin Act of 1979, , * October 12, 1978:

Inspector General Act of 1978 The Inspector General Act of 1978 is a United States federal law The law of the United States comprises many levels of Codification (law), codified and uncodified forms of law, of which the supreme law is the nation's Constitution of th ...

, , * October 13, 1978:

Civil Service Reform Act The Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 (CSRA) reformed the civil service of the United States federal government, partly in response to the Watergate scandal (1972-74). The Act abolished the U.S. Civil Service Commission and distributed its funct ...

, , * October 24, 1978:

Airline Deregulation Act The Airline Deregulation Act is a 1978 United States federal law that deregulated the airline industry in the United States, removing federal control over such areas as fares, routes, and market entry of new airlines. The act gradually phase ...

, , * October 25, 1978:

Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (FISA, , ) is a Law of the United States, United States federal law that establishes procedures for the surveillance and collection of foreign intelligence on domestic soil.Ethics in Government Act The Ethics in Government Act of 1978 is a United States federal law that was passed in the wake of the Nixon Watergate scandal and the Saturday Night Massacre. It was intended to fight corruption in government. Summary The Ethics in Governmen ...

, , * October 27, 1978: Humphrey-Hawkins Full Employment Act, , * October 31, 1978:

Pregnancy Discrimination Act The Pregnancy Discrimination Act (PDA) of 1978 () is a United States federal statute. It amended Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to "prohibit sex discrimination on the basis of pregnancy." The Act covers discrimination "on the basis ...

, , * November 1, 1978: Contract Disputes Act, , * November 4, 1978: Solar Photovoltaic Energy Research, Development, and Demonstration Act of 1978, , * November 6, 1978:

Bankruptcy Act of 1978 The Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1978 (, , November 6, 1978) is a United States Act of Congress regulating bankruptcy. The current Bankruptcy Code was enacted in 1978 by § 101 of the Act which generally became effective on October 1, 1979. The cur ...

, , * November 8, 1978:

Indian Child Welfare Act The Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978 (ICWA, enacted November 8, 1978 and codified at Indian Child Welfare Act, (, )) is a United States Code, United States federal law that governs jurisdiction over the removal of Native Americans in the United ...

, , * November 8, 1978:

Amateur Sports Act of 1978 The Amateur Sports Act of 1978, signed by President Jimmy Carter, established the United States Olympic Committee (now United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee) and provides for national governing bodies for each Olympic sport. The Act provid ...

, * November 9, 1978: National Energy Conservation Policy Act, ,

Constitutional amendments

* August 22, 1978: Approved an amendment to the

United States Constitution The Constitution of the United States is the Supremacy Clause, supreme law of the United States, United States of America. It superseded the Articles of Confederation, the nation's first constitution, on March 4, 1789. Originally includi ...

granting the

District of Columbia Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly known as Washington or D.C., is the capital city and Federal district of the United States, federal district of the United States. The city is on the Potomac River, across from ...

full representation in the

United States Congress The United States Congress is the legislature, legislative branch of the federal government of the United States. It is a Bicameralism, bicameral legislature, including a Lower house, lower body, the United States House of Representatives, ...

, full representation in the

Electoral College An electoral college is a body whose task is to elect a candidate to a particular office. It is mostly used in the political context for a constitutional body that appoints the head of state or government, and sometimes the upper parliament ...

system, and full participation in the process by which the Constitution is amended, and submitted it to the state legislatures for

ratification Ratification is a principal's legal confirmation of an act of its agent. In international law, ratification is the process by which a state declares its consent to be bound to a treaty. In the case of bilateral treaties, ratification is usuall ...

** This amendment, commonly known as the District of Columbia Voting Rights Amendment, was later rendered inoperative, as it was not ratified within the seven–year time frame set by

Congress A congress is a formal meeting of the representatives of different countries, constituent states, organizations, trade unions, political parties, or other groups. The term originated in Late Middle English to denote an encounter (meeting of ...

Treaties ratified

* March 16, 1978: First of the Torrijos-Carter Treaties (Panama Canal) treaty: "The Treaty Concerning the Permanent Neutrality and Operation of the Panama Canal", commonly known as the "Neutrality Treaty" * April 19, 1978: Second of the Torrijos-Carter Treaties treaty, commonly known as "The Panama Canal Treaty"

Party summary

Senate

House of Representatives

Leadership

Senate

President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Film and television *'' Præsident ...

Nelson Rockefeller Nelson Aldrich "Rocky" Rockefeller (July 8, 1908 – January 26, 1979) was the 41st vice president of the United States, serving from 1974 to 1977 under President Gerald Ford. He was also the 49th governor of New York, serving from 1959 to 197 ...

(R), until January 20, 1977 **

Walter Mondale Walter Frederick "Fritz" Mondale (January 5, 1928April 19, 2021) was the 42nd vice president of the United States serving from 1977 to 1981 under President Jimmy Carter. He previously served as a U.S. senator from Minnesota from 1964 to 1976. ...

(D), from January 20, 1977 * President pro tempore:

James Eastland James Oliver Eastland (November 28, 1904 February 19, 1986) was an American attorney, plantation owner, and politician from Mississippi. A Democrat, he served in the United States Senate in 1941 and again from 1943 until his resignation in late ...

(D) * Permanent Acting President pro tempore: Lee Metcalf (D), until January 12, 1978 * Deputy President pro tempore:

Hubert Humphrey Hubert Horatio Humphrey Jr. (May 27, 1911 – January 13, 1978) was an American politician who served from 1965 to 1969 as the 38th vice president of the United States. He twice served in the United States Senate, representing Minnesota from 19 ...

(D), until January 13, 1978

Majority (Democratic) leadership

* Majority Leader:

Robert Byrd Robert Carlyle Byrd (born Cornelius Calvin Sale Jr.; November 20, 1917 – June 28, 2010) was an American politician who served as a United States senator from West Virginia for over 51 years, from 1959 until his death in 2010. A Democratic Pa ...

* Majority Whip:

Alan Cranston Alan MacGregor Cranston (June 19, 1914 – December 31, 2000) was an American politician and journalist who served as a United States Senate, United States Senator from California from 1969 to 1993, and as President of the Citizens for Global S ...

* Democratic Caucus Secretary:

Daniel Inouye Daniel Ken Inouye ( , , September 7, 1924 – December 17, 2012) was an American attorney, soldier, and statesman who served as a United States Senate, United States senator from Hawaii from 1963 until his death in 2012. A Medal of Honor recipi ...

* Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman:

Wendell Ford Wendell Hampton Ford (September 8, 1924 – January 22, 2015) was an American politician from Kentucky. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as Governor of Kentucky from 1971 to 1974, and as a member of the United States Senate for 24 ye ...

Minority (Republican) leadership

* Minority Leader:

Howard Baker Howard Henry Baker Jr. (November 15, 1925 June 26, 2014) was an American politician, diplomat and photographer who served as a United States Senator from Tennessee from 1967 to 1985. During his tenure, he rose to the rank of Senate Minority Le ...

Minority Whip A whip is an official of a political party whose task is to ensure party discipline (that members of the party vote according to the party platform rather than their constituents, individual conscience or donors) in a legislature. Whips ...

Ted Stevens Theodore Fulton Stevens Sr. (November 18, 1923 – August 9, 2010) was an American politician and lawyer who served as a United States Senate, U.S. Senator from Alaska from 1968 to 2009. He was the longest-serving Republican Party (United St ...

Republican Conference Chairman The Senate Republican Conference is the formal organization of the Republican senators in the United States Senate. Over the last century, the mission of the conference has expanded and been shaped as a means of informing the media of the opin ...

: Carl Curtis *

Republican Conference Secretary Republican can refer to: Political ideology * An advocate of a republic, a type of government that is not a monarchy or dictatorship, and is usually associated with the rule of law. ** Republicanism, the ideology in support of republics or agains ...

: Clifford Hansen * National Senatorial Committee Chair:

Bob Packwood Robert William Packwood (born September 11, 1932) is an American retired lawyer and politician from Oregon who served as a member of the United States Senate from 1969 to 1995. He resigned from the U.S. Senate under threat of expulsion, in 1995 ...

* Policy Committee Chairman:

John Tower John Goodwin Tower (September 29, 1925 – April 5, 1991) was an American politician and military veteran who represented Texas in the United States Senate from 1961 to 1985. He was the first Republican elected to the U.S. Senate from Texas si ...

House of Representatives

* Speaker:

Tip O'Neill Thomas Phillip "Tip" O'Neill Jr. (December 9, 1912 – January 5, 1994) was an American Democratic Party politician from Massachusetts who served as the 47th speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1977 to 1987, the third-l ...

(D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership

* Majority Leader:

Jim Wright James Claude Wright Jr. (December 22, 1922 – May 6, 2015) was an American politician who served as the 48th speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1987 to 1989. He represented Texas' 12th congressional district as a ...

* Majority Whip:

John Brademas Stephen John Brademas Jr. (March 2, 1927 – July 11, 2016) was an American politician and educator originally from Indiana. He served as Majority Whip of the United States House of Representatives for the Democratic Party from 1977 to 1981 a ...

* Chief Deputy Majority Whip:

Dan Rostenkowski Daniel David Rostenkowski (January 2, 1928 – August 11, 2010) was a United States Representative from Chicago, serving for 36 years, from 1959 to 1995. He became one of the most powerful legislators in Congress, especially in matters of t ...

* Democratic Caucus Chairman: Tom Foley * Democratic Caucus Secretary:

Shirley Chisholm Shirley Anita Chisholm ( ; ; November 30, 1924 – January 1, 2005) was an American politician who, in 1968, became the first black woman to be elected to the United States Congress. Chisholm represented New York's 12th congressional dist ...

* Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: James C. Corman

Minority (Republican) leadership

* Minority Leader:

John Jacob Rhodes John Jacob Rhodes Jr. (September 18, 1916 – August 24, 2003) was an American lawyer and politician. A member of the Republican Party, Rhodes served as a U.S. Representative from Arizona for thirty years from 1953 to 1983. He was the mino ...

Robert H. Michel Robert Henry Michel (; March 2, 1923 – February 17, 2017) was an American Republican Party politician who was a member of the United States House of Representatives for 38 years. He represented central Illinois' 18th congressional distric ...

John B. Anderson John Bayard Anderson (February 15, 1922 – December 3, 2017) was an American lawyer and politician who served in the United States House of Representatives, representing Illinois's 16th congressional district from 1961 to 1981. A member of ...

* Republican Conference Vice-Chairman: Samuel L. Devine *

: Jack Edwards * Policy Committee Chairman:

Del M. Clawson Delwin Morgan Clawson (January 11, 1914 – May 5, 1992) was an American politician. He was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives. He also served as mayor of Compton, California. Biography Clawson was born in Thatcher, Arizona, and a ...

* Republican Campaign Committee Chairman:

Guy Vander Jagt Guy Adrian Vander Jagt ( ; August 26, 1931 – June 22, 2007) was a Republican politician from Michigan. He was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives and Chairman of the National Republican Congressional Committee. Vander Jagt was desc ...

Caucuses

Congressional Black Caucus The Congressional Black Caucus (CBC) is made up of Black members of the United States Congress. Representative Yvette Clarke from New York, the current chairperson, succeeded Steven Horsford from Nevada in 2025. Although most members belong ...

Congressional Hispanic Caucus The Congressional Hispanic Caucus (CHC) is an organization of 38 Democratic members of the United States Congress of Hispanic and Latino descent. The Caucus focuses on issues affecting Hispanics and Latinos in the United States. The CHC was fo ...

* Congressional Caucus for Women's Issues *

House Democratic Caucus The House Democratic Caucus is a congressional caucus composed of all Democratic representatives in the United States House of Representatives, voting and non-voting, and is responsible for nominating and electing the Democratic Party leadersh ...

Senate Democratic Caucus The Democratic Caucus of the United States Senate, sometimes referred to as the Democratic Conference, is the formal organization of all senators who are part of the Democratic Party in the United States Senate. For the makeup of the 119th Co ...

Members

Senate

In this Congress, Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1978; Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1980; and Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1982.

Alabama Alabama ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Deep South, Deep Southern regions of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gu ...

: 2. John J. Sparkman (D) : 3. James Allen (D), until June 1, 1978 :: Maryon Pittman Allen (D), from June 8, 1978, until November 7, 1978 :: Donald Stewart (D), from November 7, 1978

Alaska Alaska ( ) is a non-contiguous U.S. state on the northwest extremity of North America. Part of the Western United States region, it is one of the two non-contiguous U.S. states, alongside Hawaii. Alaska is also considered to be the north ...

: 2.

(R) : 3.

Mike Gravel Maurice Robert "Mike" Gravel ( ; May 13, 1930 – June 26, 2021) was an American politician and writer who represented Alaska in the United States Senate from 1969 to 1981 as a member of the Democratic Party. He ran for president twice: in 200 ...

(D)

Arizona Arizona is a U.S. state, state in the Southwestern United States, Southwestern region of the United States, sharing the Four Corners region of the western United States with Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah. It also borders Nevada to the nort ...

: 1.

Dennis DeConcini Dennis Webster DeConcini (; born May 8, 1937) is an American lawyer, philanthropist, politician and former U.S. senator from Arizona. The son of former Arizona Supreme Court judge Evo Anton DeConcini, he represented Arizona in the Senate as a D ...

(D) : 3.

Barry Goldwater Barry Morris Goldwater (January 2, 1909 – May 29, 1998) was an American politician and major general in the United States Air Force, Air Force Reserve who served as a United States senator from 1953 to 1965 and 1969 to 1987, and was the Re ...

(R)

Arkansas Arkansas ( ) is a landlocked state in the West South Central region of the Southern United States. It borders Missouri to the north, Tennessee and Mississippi to the east, Louisiana to the south, Texas to the southwest, and Oklahoma ...

: 2. John L. McClellan (D), until November 28, 1977 ::

Kaneaster Hodges Jr. Kaneaster Hodges Jr. ( ; August 20, 1938 – March 23, 2022) was an American politician who served as a United States senator from Arkansas from 1977 to 1979. Hodges was appointed to the Senate to serve the remainder of Senator John L. McClel ...

(D), from December 10, 1977 : 3.

Dale Bumpers Dale Leon Bumpers (August 12, 1925 – January 1, 2016) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 38th Governor of Arkansas (1971–1975) and in the United States Senate (1975–1999). He was a member of the Democratic Party. He w ...

(D)

California California () is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States that lies on the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. It borders Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and shares Mexico–United States border, an ...

: 1. S. I. Hayakawa (R) : 3.

(D)

Colorado Colorado is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States. It is one of the Mountain states, sharing the Four Corners region with Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah. It is also bordered by Wyoming to the north, Nebraska to the northeast, Kansas ...

: 2. Floyd Haskell (D) : 3.

Gary Hart Gary Warren Hart (''né'' Hartpence; born November 28, 1936) is an American politician, diplomat, and lawyer. He was the front-runner for the 1984 and 1988 Democratic presidential nominations, until in 1988, he dropped out amid revelations of ex ...

(D)

Connecticut Connecticut ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York (state), New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. ...

: 1.

Lowell Weicker Lowell Palmer Weicker Jr. (; May 16, 1931 – June 28, 2023) was an American politician who served as a U.S. Representative, U.S. Senator, and the 85th Governor of Connecticut. Weicker unsuccessfully sought the Republican nomination for presi ...

(R) : 3.

Abraham Ribicoff Abraham Alexander Ribicoff (April 9, 1910 – February 22, 1998) was an American politician from the state of Connecticut. A member of the Democratic Party, he represented Connecticut in the United States House of Representatives and Senate ...

(D)

Delaware Delaware ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic and South Atlantic states, South Atlantic regions of the United States. It borders Maryland to its south and west, Pennsylvania to its north, New Jersey ...

: 1.

William Roth William Victor Roth Jr. (July 22, 1921 – December 13, 2003) was an American lawyer and politician from Wilmington, Delaware, Wilmington, Delaware. He was a veteran of World War II and a member of the Republican Party (United States), Republi ...

(R) : 2.

Joe Biden Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. (born November 20, 1942) is an American politician who was the 46th president of the United States from 2021 to 2025. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, he served as the 47th vice p ...

(D)

Florida Florida ( ; ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders the Gulf of Mexico to the west, Alabama to the northwest, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the north, the Atlantic ...

: 1.

Lawton Chiles Lawton Mainor Chiles Jr. (April 3, 1930 – December 12, 1998) was an American politician and military officer. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, he served as a United States Senate, United States senator fr ...

(D) : 3.

Richard Stone Sir John Richard Nicholas Stone (30 August 1913 – 6 December 1991) was an eminent British economist. He was educated at Gonville and Caius College and King's College at the University of Cambridge. In 1984, he was awarded the Nobel Memori ...

(D)

Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the South Caucasus * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the southeastern United States Georgia may also refer to: People and fictional characters * Georgia (name), a list of pe ...

: 2.

Sam Nunn Samuel Augustus Nunn Jr. (born September 8, 1938) is an American politician who served as a United States Senator from Georgia (1972–1997) as a member of the Democratic Party. After leaving Congress, Nunn co-founded the Nuclear Threat Initi ...

(D) : 3.

Herman Talmadge Herman Eugene Talmadge (August 9, 1913 – March 21, 2002) was a U.S. politician who served as governor of Georgia in 1947 and from 1948 to 1955 and as a U.S. senator from Georgia from 1957 to 1981. A Democrat, Talmadge served during a time o ...

(D)

Hawaii Hawaii ( ; ) is an island U.S. state, state of the United States, in the Pacific Ocean about southwest of the U.S. mainland. One of the two Non-contiguous United States, non-contiguous U.S. states (along with Alaska), it is the only sta ...

: 1.

Spark Matsunaga Spark Masayuki Matsunaga (, October 8, 1916April 15, 1990) was an American politician and attorney who served as United States Senate, United States Senator for Hawaii from 1977 until his death in 1990. Matsunaga also represented Hawaii in the U ...

(D) : 3.

(D)

Idaho Idaho ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Pacific Northwest and Mountain states, Mountain West subregions of the Western United States. It borders Montana and Wyoming to the east, Nevada and Utah to the south, and Washington (state), ...

: 2. James A. McClure (R) : 3. Frank Church (D)

Illinois Illinois ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. It borders on Lake Michigan to its northeast, the Mississippi River to its west, and the Wabash River, Wabash and Ohio River, Ohio rivers to its ...

: 2. Charles H. Percy (R) : 3.

Adlai Stevenson III Adlai Ewing Stevenson III (October 10, 1930 – September 6, 2021) was an American attorney and politician from Illinois. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as a member of the United States Senate from 1970 to 1981. A member of the prom ...

(D)

Indiana Indiana ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Michigan to the northwest, Michigan to the north and northeast, Ohio to the east, the Ohio River and Kentucky to the s ...

: 1.

Richard Lugar Richard Green Lugar ( ; April 4, 1932 – April 28, 2019) was an American politician who served as a United States Senate, United States Senator from Indiana from 1977 to 2013. He was a member of the Republican Party (United States), Republ ...

(R) : 3.

Birch Bayh Birch Evans Bayh Jr. (; January 22, 1928 – March 14, 2019) was an American politician. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, he served as a member of United States Senate from 1963 to 1981. He was first elected t ...

(D)

Iowa Iowa ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the upper Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders the Mississippi River to the east and the Missouri River and Big Sioux River to the west; Wisconsin to the northeast, Ill ...

: 2.

Dick Clark Richard Wagstaff Clark (November 30, 1929April 18, 2012) was an American television and radio personality and television producer who hosted ''American Bandstand'' from 1956 to 1989. He also hosted five incarnations of the Pyramid (game show), ...

(D) : 3. John Culver (D)

Kansas Kansas ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Nebraska to the north; Missouri to the east; Oklahoma to the south; and Colorado to the west. Kansas is named a ...

: 2. James B. Pearson (R), until December 23, 1978 ::

(R), from December 23, 1978 : 3.

Bob Dole Robert Joseph Dole (July 22, 1923 – December 5, 2021) was an American politician and attorney who represented Kansas in the United States Senate from 1969 to 1996. He was the Party leaders of the United States Senate, Republican Leader of th ...

(R)

Kentucky Kentucky (, ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north, West Virginia to the ...

: 2.

Walter Dee Huddleston Walter Darlington "Dee" Huddleston (April 15, 1926 – October 16, 2018) was an American commercial broadcaster and politician from Kentucky. A member of the Democratic Party, he served two terms as a member of the United States Senate from 1973 ...

(D) : 3.

(D)

Louisiana Louisiana ( ; ; ) is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It borders Texas to the west, Arkansas to the north, and Mississippi to the east. Of the 50 U.S. states, it ranks 31st in area and 25 ...

: 2. J. Bennett Johnston (D) : 3. Russell B. Long (D)

Maine Maine ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the United States, and the northeasternmost state in the Contiguous United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Provinces and ...

: 1.

Edmund Muskie Edmund Sixtus Muskie (March 28, 1914March 26, 1996) was an American statesman and political leader who served as the 58th United States Secretary of State under President Jimmy Carter from 1980 to 1981, a United States Senator from Maine from 1 ...

(D) : 2.

William Hathaway William Dodd Hathaway (February 21, 1924June 24, 2013) was an American politician and lawyer from Maine. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as a United States senator for Maine from 1973 to 1979, as the U.S. representative for Maine's ...

(D)

Maryland Maryland ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It borders the states of Virginia to its south, West Virginia to its west, Pennsylvania to its north, and Delaware to its east ...

: 1.

Paul Sarbanes Paul Spyros Sarbanes (; February 3, 1933 – December 6, 2020) was an American politician and attorney from Maryland. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, he served in both chambers of the United States Congr ...

(D) : 3.

Charles Mathias Charles McCurdy Mathias Jr. (July 24, 1922 – January 25, 2010) was an American politician and attorney from the U.S. state of Maryland. A member of the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party, he served in both chambers of the Unit ...

(R)

Massachusetts Massachusetts ( ; ), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Maine to its east, Connecticut and Rhode ...

: 1.

Ted Kennedy Edward Moore Kennedy (February 22, 1932 – August 25, 2009) was an American lawyer and politician from Massachusetts who served as a member of the United States Senate from 1962 to his death in 2009. A member of the Democratic Party and ...

(D) : 2.

Edward Brooke Edward William Brooke III (October 26, 1919 – January 3, 2015) was an American lawyer and Republican Party politician who represented Massachusetts in the United States Senate from 1967 to 1979. He was the first African American elected to t ...

(R)

Michigan Michigan ( ) is a peninsular U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest, Upper Midwestern United States. It shares water and land boundaries with Minnesota to the northwest, Wisconsin to the west, ...

: 1. Donald Riegle (D) : 2. Robert P. Griffin (R)

Minnesota Minnesota ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Upper Midwestern region of the United States. It is bordered by the Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Ontario to the north and east and by the U.S. states of Wisconsin to the east, Iowa to the so ...

: 1.

, (DFL), until January 13, 1978 :: Muriel Humphrey, (DFL), from January 25, 1978, until November 7, 1978 :: David Durenberger (I-R), from November 8, 1978 : 2. Wendell R. Anderson, (DFL), until December 29, 1978 :: Rudy Boschwitz (I-R)

Mississippi Mississippi ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Deep South regions of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Alabama to the east, the Gulf of Mexico to the south, Louisiana to the s ...

: 1. John C. Stennis (D) : 2.

(D), until December 27, 1978 :: Thad Cochran (R), from December 27, 1978

Missouri Missouri (''see #Etymology and pronunciation, pronunciation'') is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. Ranking List of U.S. states and territories by area, 21st in land area, it border ...

: 1.

John Danforth John Claggett Danforth (born September 5, 1936) is an American politician, attorney, diplomat, and Episcopal priest who served as the Attorney General of Missouri from 1969 to 1976 and as a United States Senator from 1976 to 1995. A member of the ...

(R) : 3.

Thomas Eagleton Thomas Francis Eagleton (September 4, 1929 – March 4, 2007) was an American lawyer who served as a United States senator from Missouri from 1968 to 1987. He was briefly the Democratic vice presidential nominee under George McGovern in 1972. H ...

(D)

Montana Montana ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Mountain states, Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It is bordered by Idaho to the west, North Dakota to the east, South Dakota to the southeast, Wyoming to the south, an ...

: 1.

John Melcher John David Melcher (September 6, 1924 – April 12, 2018) was an American politician of the Democratic Party who represented Montana for four terms as a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1969 to 1977 and as a United Sta ...

(D) : 2. Lee Metcalf (D), until January 12, 1978 :: Paul G. Hatfield (D), from January 22, 1978, until December 12, 1978 ::

Max Baucus Maxwell Sieben Baucus ( Enke; born December 11, 1941) is an American politician who served as a United States senator from Montana from 1978 to 2014. A member of the Democratic Party, he was a U.S. senator for over 35 years, making him the long ...

(D), from December 15, 1978

Nebraska Nebraska ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders South Dakota to the north; Iowa to the east and Missouri to the southeast, both across the Missouri River; Ka ...

: 1. Edward Zorinsky (D) : 2. Carl Curtis (R)

Nevada Nevada ( ; ) is a landlocked state in the Western United States. It borders Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast, and Utah to the east. Nevada is the seventh-most extensive, th ...

: 1.

Howard Cannon Howard Walter Cannon (January 26, 1912 – March 5, 2002) was an American politician from Nevada. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, he served four terms in the United States Senate representing Nevada from 1959 ...

(D) : 3. Paul Laxalt (R)

New Hampshire New Hampshire ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Gulf of Maine to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec t ...

: 2. Thomas J. McIntyre (D) : 3. John A. Durkin (D)

New Jersey New Jersey is a U.S. state, state located in both the Mid-Atlantic States, Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern United States, Northeastern regions of the United States. Located at the geographic hub of the urban area, heavily urbanized Northeas ...

: 1. Harrison A. Williams (D) : 2. Clifford P. Case (R)

New Mexico New Mexico is a state in the Southwestern United States, Southwestern region of the United States. It is one of the Mountain States of the southern Rocky Mountains, sharing the Four Corners region with Utah, Colorado, and Arizona. It also ...

: 1.

Harrison Schmitt Harrison Hagan "Jack" Schmitt (born July 3, 1935) is an American geologist, former NASA astronaut, university professor, former U.S. senator from New Mexico. He is the most recent living person—and only person without a background in military a ...

(R) : 2.

Pete Domenici Pietro Vichi "Pete" Domenici ( ; May 7, 1932 – September 13, 2017) was an American attorney and politician who served as a United States Senator from New Mexico from 1973 to 2009. A member of the Republican Party, he served six terms in ...

(R)

New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York New York may also refer to: Places United Kingdom * ...

: 1.

Daniel Patrick Moynihan Daniel Patrick Moynihan (; March 16, 1927 – March 26, 2003) was an American politician, diplomat and social scientist. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, he represented New York (state), New York in the ...

(D) : 3.

Jacob Javits Jacob Koppel Javits ( ; May 18, 1904 – March 7, 1986) was an American lawyer and politician from New York. During his time in politics, he served in both chambers of the United States Congress, a member of the United States House of Representa ...

(R)

North Carolina North Carolina ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, South Carolina to the south, Georgia (U.S. stat ...

: 2.

Jesse Helms Jesse Alexander Helms Jr. (October 18, 1921 – July 4, 2008) was an American politician. A leader in the Conservatism in the United States, conservative movement, he served as a senator from North Carolina from 1973 to 2003. As chairman of the ...

(R) : 3. Robert Burren Morgan (D)

North Dakota North Dakota ( ) is a U.S. state in the Upper Midwest, named after the indigenous Dakota people, Dakota and Sioux peoples. It is bordered by the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba to the north and by the U.S. states of Minneso ...

: 1. Quentin Burdick (D-NPL) : 3.

Milton Young Milton Ruben Young (December 6, 1897 – May 31, 1983) was an American politician, most notable for representing North Dakota in the United States Senate from 1945 until 1981. At the time of his retirement, he was the most senior Republican in ...

(R)

Ohio Ohio ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Erie to the north, Pennsylvania to the east, West Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Indiana to the ...

: 1. Howard Metzenbaum (D) : 3.

John Glenn John Herschel Glenn Jr. (July 18, 1921 – December 8, 2016) was an American Marine Corps aviator, astronaut, businessman, and politician. He was the third American in space and the first to orbit the Earth, circling it three times in 1 ...

(D)

Oklahoma Oklahoma ( ; Choctaw language, Choctaw: , ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. It borders Texas to the south and west, Kansas to the north, Missouri to the northea ...

: 2. Dewey F. Bartlett (R) : 3.

Henry Bellmon Henry Louis Bellmon (September 3, 1921 – September 29, 2009) was an American Republican politician from the U.S. State of Oklahoma. A member of the Oklahoma Legislature, he went on to become both the 18th and 23rd governor of Oklahoma, mai ...

(R)

List of United States senators from Oregon, Oregon

: 2. Mark Hatfield (R) : 3.

(R)

List of United States senators from Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania

: 1. John Heinz (R) : 3. Richard Schweiker (R)

List of United States senators from Rhode Island, Rhode Island

: 1. John Chafee (R) : 2. Claiborne Pell (D)

List of United States senators from South Carolina, South Carolina

: 2. Strom Thurmond (R) : 3. Fritz Hollings (D)

List of United States senators from South Dakota, South Dakota

: 2. James Abourezk (D) : 3. George McGovern (D)

List of United States senators from Tennessee, Tennessee

: 1. Jim Sasser (D) : 2.

(R)

List of United States senators from Texas, Texas

: 1. Lloyd Bentsen (D) : 2.

(R)

List of United States senators from Utah, Utah

: 1. Orrin Hatch (R) : 3. Jake Garn (R)

List of United States senators from Vermont, Vermont

: 1. Robert Stafford (R) : 3. Patrick Leahy (D)

List of United States senators from Virginia, Virginia

: 1. Harry F. Byrd Jr. (ID) : 2. William L. Scott (R), until January 1, 1979 :: John Warner (R), from January 2, 1979

List of United States senators from Washington, Washington

: 1. Henry M. Jackson (D) : 3. Warren G. Magnuson (D)

List of United States senators from West Virginia, West Virginia

: 1.

(D) : 2. Jennings Randolph (D)

List of United States senators from Wisconsin, Wisconsin

: 1. William Proxmire (D) : 3. Gaylord Nelson (D)

United States congressional delegations from Wyoming, Wyoming

: 1. Malcolm Wallop (R) : 2. Clifford Hansen (R), until December 31, 1978 :: Alan Simpson (American politician), Alan Simpson (R), from January 1, 1979 95th United States Congress Senators

House of Representatives

Members of the House of Representatives elected statewide ''at-large'', are preceded by "At-large", and the names of those elected from districts, are preceded by their district numbers. Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.

List of United States representatives from Alabama, Alabama

: . Jack Edwards (R) : . William Louis Dickinson (R) : . Bill Nichols (politician), Bill Nichols (D) : . Tom Bevill (D) : . Ronnie Flippo (D) : . John Hall Buchanan Jr. (R) : . Walter Flowers (D)

List of United States representatives from Alaska, Alaska

: . Don Young (R)

List of United States representatives from Arizona, Arizona

: .

(R) : . Mo Udall (D) : . Bob Stump (D) : . Eldon Rudd (R)

List of United States representatives from Arkansas, Arkansas

: . William Vollie Alexander Jr. (D) : . Jim Guy Tucker (D) : . John Paul Hammerschmidt (R) : . Ray Thornton (D)

List of United States representatives from California, California

: . Harold T. Johnson (D) : . Donald H. Clausen (R) : . John E. Moss (D), until December 31, 1978 : . Robert L. Leggett (D) : . John Burton (American politician), John Burton (D) : . Phillip Burton (D) : . George Miller (California politician), George Miller (D) : . Ron Dellums (D) : . Pete Stark (D) : . Don Edwards (D) : .

(D), until November 18, 1978 : . Pete McCloskey (R) : . Norman Mineta (D) : . John J. McFall (D), until December 31, 1978 : . B. F. Sisk (D) : . Leon Panetta (D) : . John Hans Krebs (D) : . William M. Ketchum (R), until June 24, 1978 : . Robert J. Lagomarsino (R) : . Barry Goldwater Jr. (R) : . James C. Corman (D) : . Carlos Moorhead (R) : . Anthony Beilenson (D) : . Henry Waxman (D) : . Edward R. Roybal (D) : . John H. Rousselot (R) : . Bob Dornan (R) : . Yvonne Brathwaite Burke (D) : . Augustus Hawkins (D) : . George E. Danielson (D) : . Charles H. Wilson (D) : . Glenn M. Anderson (D) : .

(R), until December 31, 1978 : . Mark W. Hannaford (D) : . James F. Lloyd (D) : . George Brown Jr. (D) : . Shirley Neil Pettis (R) : . Jerry M. Patterson (D) : . Charles E. Wiggins (R) : . Robert Badham (R) : . Bob Wilson (politician), Bob Wilson (R) : . Lionel Van Deerlin (D) : . Clair Burgener (R)

List of United States representatives from Colorado, Colorado

: . Pat Schroeder (D) : . Tim Wirth (D) : . Frank Evans (politician), Frank Evans (D) : . James Paul Johnson (R) : . William L. Armstrong (R)

List of United States representatives from Connecticut, Connecticut

: . William R. Cotter (politician), William R. Cotter (D) : . Chris Dodd (D) : . Robert Giaimo (D) : . Stewart McKinney (politician), Stewart McKinney (R) : . Ronald A. Sarasin (R) : . Toby Moffett (D)

List of United States representatives from Delaware, Delaware

: . Thomas B. Evans Jr. (R)

List of United States representatives from Florida, Florida

: . Robert L. F. Sikes (D) : . Don Fuqua (D) : . Charles E. Bennett (politician), Charles E. Bennett (D) : . Bill Chappell (D) : . Richard Kelly (Florida politician), Richard Kelly (R) : . Bill Young (Florida politician), Bill Young (R) : . Sam Gibbons (D) : . Andy Ireland (D) : . Louis Frey Jr. (R) : . Skip Bafalis (R) : . Paul Rogers (politician), Paul Rogers (D) : . J. Herbert Burke (R) : . William Lehman (Florida politician), William Lehman (D) : . Claude Pepper (D) : . Dante Fascell (D)

List of United States representatives from Georgia, Georgia

: . Ronald 'Bo' Ginn, Bo Ginn (D) : . Dawson Mathis (D) : . Jack Brinkley (D) : . Elliott H. Levitas (D) : . Andrew Young (D), until January 29, 1977 :: Wyche Fowler (D), from April 6, 1977 : . John Flynt (D) : . Larry McDonald (D) : . Billy Lee Evans (D) : . Ed Jenkins (U.S. politician), Ed Jenkins (D) : . Doug Barnard Jr. (D)

List of United States representatives from Hawaii, Hawaii

: . Cecil Heftel (D) : . Daniel Akaka (D)

List of United States representatives from Idaho, Idaho

: . Steve Symms (R) : . George V. Hansen (R)

List of United States representatives from Illinois, Illinois

: . Ralph Metcalfe (D), until October 10, 1978 : . Morgan F. Murphy (D) : . Marty Russo (D) : . Ed Derwinski (R) : . John G. Fary (D) : . Henry Hyde (R) : . Cardiss Collins (D) : .

(D) : . Sidney R. Yates (D) : . Abner J. Mikva (D) : . Frank Annunzio (D) : . Phil Crane (R) : . Robert McClory (R) : . John N. Erlenborn (R) : . Tom Corcoran (politician), Tom Corcoran (R) : .

(R) : . George M. O'Brien (R) : .

(R) : . Tom Railsback (R) : . Paul Findley (R) : . Edward Rell Madigan (R) : . George E. Shipley (D) : . Melvin Price (D) : . Paul Simon (politician), Paul Simon (D)

List of United States representatives from Indiana, Indiana

: . Adam Benjamin Jr. (D) : . Floyd Fithian (D) : .

(D) : . Dan Quayle (R) : . Elwood Hillis (R) : . David W. Evans (D) : . John T. Myers (congressman), John T. Myers (R) : . David L. Cornwell (D) : . Lee H. Hamilton (D) : . Philip Sharp (politician), Philip Sharp (D) : . Andrew Jacobs Jr. (D)

List of United States representatives from Iowa, Iowa

: . Jim Leach (R) : . Mike Blouin (D) : . Chuck Grassley (R) : . Neal Edward Smith (D) : . Tom Harkin (D) : . Berkley Bedell (D)

List of United States representatives from Kansas, Kansas

: . Keith Sebelius (R) : . Martha Keys (D) : . Larry Winn (R) : . Dan Glickman (D) : . Joe Skubitz (R), until December 31, 1978

List of United States representatives from Kentucky, Kentucky

: . Carroll Hubbard (D) : . William Natcher (D) : . Romano Mazzoli (D) : . Gene Snyder (R) : . Tim Lee Carter (R) : . John B. Breckinridge (D) : . Carl D. Perkins (D)

List of United States representatives from Louisiana, Louisiana

: . Richard Alvin Tonry (D), until May 4, 1977 :: Bob Livingston (R), from August 27, 1977 : . Lindy Boggs (D) : . Dave Treen (R) : . Joe Waggonner (D) : . Jerry Huckaby (D) : . Henson Moore (R) : . John Breaux (D) : . Gillis William Long (D)

List of United States representatives from Maine, Maine

: . David F. Emery (R) : . William Cohen (R)

List of United States representatives from Maryland, Maryland

: . Robert Bauman (R) : . Clarence Long (D) : . Barbara Mikulski (D) : . Marjorie Holt (R) : . Gladys Spellman (D) : . Goodloe Byron (D), until October 11, 1978 : . Parren Mitchell (D) : . Newton Steers (R)

List of United States representatives from Massachusetts, Massachusetts

: . Silvio O. Conte (R) : . Edward Boland (D) : . Joseph D. Early (D) : . Robert Drinan (D) : . Paul Tsongas (D) : . Michael J. Harrington (D) : . Ed Markey (D) : .

(D) : . Joe Moakley (D) : . Margaret Heckler (R) : . James A. Burke (Massachusetts politician), James A. Burke (D) : . Gerry Studds (D)

List of United States representatives from Michigan, Michigan

: . John Conyers (D) : . Carl Pursell (R) : . Garry E. Brown (R) : . David Stockman (R) : . Harold S. Sawyer (R) : . Milton Robert Carr (D) : . Dale Kildee (D) : . J. Bob Traxler (D) : .

(R) : . Elford Albin Cederberg (R), until December 31, 1978 : . Philip Ruppe (R) : . David Bonior (D) : . Charles Diggs (D) : . Lucien Nedzi (D) : . William D. Ford (D) : . John D. Dingell Jr. (D) : . William M. Brodhead (D) : . James Blanchard (D) : . William Broomfield (R)

List of United States representatives from Minnesota, Minnesota

: . Al Quie (I-R) : . Tom Hagedorn (I-R) : . Bill Frenzel (I-R) : . Bruce Vento (DFL) : . Donald M. Fraser (DFL) : . Rick Nolan (DFL) : . Robert Bergland (DFL), until January 22, 1977 :: Arlan Stangeland (I-R) : . Jim Oberstar, (DFL)

List of United States representatives from Mississippi, Mississippi

: . Jamie L. Whitten (D) : . David R. Bowen (D) : . Sonny Montgomery (D) : . Thad Cochran (R), until December 26, 1978 : . Trent Lott (R)

List of United States representatives from Missouri, Missouri

: . Bill Clay (D) : . Robert A. Young (D) : . Dick Gephardt (D) : . Ike Skelton (D) : . Richard Walker Bolling (D) : . Tom Coleman (Missouri politician), Tom Coleman (R) : . Gene Taylor (Missouri politician), Gene Taylor (R) : . Richard Howard Ichord Jr. (D) : . Harold Volkmer (D) : . Bill Burlison (D)

List of United States representatives from Montana, Montana

: .

(D), until December 14, 1978 : . Ron Marlenee (R)

List of United States representatives from Nebraska, Nebraska

: . Charles Thone (R) : . John Joseph Cavanaugh III (D) : . Virginia D. Smith (R)

List of United States representatives from Nevada, Nevada

: . James David Santini (D)

List of United States representatives from New Hampshire, New Hampshire

: . Norman D'Amours (D) : . James Colgate Cleveland (R)

List of United States representatives from New Jersey, New Jersey

: . James Florio (D) : . William J. Hughes (D) : . James J. Howard (D) : . Frank Thompson (D) : . Millicent Fenwick (R) : . Edwin B. Forsythe (R) : . Andrew Maguire (politician), Andrew Maguire (D) : . Robert A. Roe (D) : . Harold C. Hollenbeck (R) : . Peter W. Rodino (D) : . Joseph Minish (D) : . Matthew John Rinaldo (R) : . Helen Stevenson Meyner (D) : . Joseph A. LeFante (D), until December 14, 1978 : . Edward J. Patten (D)

List of United States representatives from New Mexico, New Mexico

: . Manuel Lujan Jr. (R) : . Harold L. Runnels (D)

List of United States representatives from New York, New York

: . Otis G. Pike (D) : . Thomas Downey (D) : . Jerome Ambro (D) : . Norman F. Lent (R) : . John W. Wydler (R) : . Lester L. Wolff (D) : . Joseph P. Addabbo (D) : . Benjamin Stanley Rosenthal (D) : . James J. Delaney (D), until December 31, 1978 : . Mario Biaggi (D) : . James H. Scheuer (D) : .

(D) : . Stephen Solarz (D) : . Fred Richmond (D) : . Leo C. Zeferetti (D) : . Elizabeth Holtzman (D) : . John M. Murphy (New York politician), John M. Murphy (D) : . Ed Koch (D), until December 31, 1977 :: Bill Green (New York politician), Bill Green (R), from February 14, 1978 : . Charles Rangel (D) : . Theodore S. Weiss (D) : . Herman Badillo (D), until December 31, 1977 :: Robert Garcia (New York politician), Robert Garcia (D), from February 21, 1978 : . Jonathan Brewster Bingham (D) : . Bruce F. Caputo (R) : . Richard Ottinger (D) : . Hamilton Fish IV (R) : . Benjamin Gilman (R) : . Matthew F. McHugh (D) : . Samuel S. Stratton (D) : . Edward W. Pattison (D) : . Robert C. McEwen (R) : . Donald J. Mitchell (R) : . James M. Hanley (D) : . William F. Walsh (R) : . Frank Horton (New York politician), Frank Horton (R) : . Barber Conable (R) : . John J. LaFalce (D) : . Henry J. Nowak (D) : . Jack Kemp (R) : . Stan Lundine (D)

List of United States representatives from North Carolina, North Carolina

: . Walter B. Jones Sr. (D) : . Lawrence H. Fountain (D) : . Charles Orville Whitley (D) : . Ike Franklin Andrews (D) : . Stephen L. Neal (D) : . L. Richardson Preyer (D) : . Charlie Rose (politician), Charlie Rose (D) : . Bill Hefner (D) : . James G. Martin (R) : . Jim Broyhill (R) : . V. Lamar Gudger (D)

List of United States representatives from North Dakota, North Dakota

: . Mark Andrews (politician), Mark Andrews (R)

List of United States representatives from Ohio, Ohio

: . Bill Gradison (R) : . Tom Luken (D) : . Charles W. Whalen Jr. (R) : . Tennyson Guyer (R) : . Del Latta (R) : . Bill Harsha (R) : . Bud Brown (politician), Bud Brown (R) : . Tom Kindness (R) : . Thomas L. Ashley (D) : . Clarence E. Miller (R) : . J. William Stanton (R) : . Samuel L. Devine (R) : . Donald J. Pease (D) : . John F. Seiberling (D) : . Chalmers Wylie (R) : . Ralph Regula (R) : . John M. Ashbrook (R) : . Douglas Applegate (D) : . Charles J. Carney (D) : . Mary Rose Oakar (D) : . Louis Stokes (D) : . Charles Vanik (D) : . Ronald M. Mottl (D)

List of United States representatives from Oklahoma, Oklahoma

: . James R. Jones (D) : . Ted Risenhoover (D) : . Wes Watkins (D) : . Tom Steed (D) : . Mickey Edwards (R) : . Glenn English (D)

List of United States representatives from Oregon, Oregon

: . Les AuCoin (D) : . Al Ullman (D) : . Robert B. Duncan (D) : . Jim Weaver (Oregon politician), Jim Weaver (D)

List of United States representatives from Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania

: . Michael Myers (Pennsylvania politician), Michael Myers (D) : . Robert N. C. Nix Sr. (D) : . Raymond Lederer (D) : . Joshua Eilberg (D) : . Richard T. Schulze (R) : . Gus Yatron (D) : . Robert W. Edgar (D) : . Peter H. Kostmayer (D) : . Bud Shuster (R) : . Joseph M. McDade (R) : . Dan Flood (D) : . John Murtha (D) : . Lawrence Coughlin (R) : . William S. Moorhead (D) : . Fred B. Rooney (D) : . Robert Smith Walker (R) : . Allen E. Ertel (D) : . Doug Walgren (D) : . William F. Goodling (R) : . Joseph M. Gaydos (D) : . John Herman Dent (D) : . Austin Murphy (D) : . Joseph S. Ammerman (D) : . Marc L. Marks (R) : . Gary A. Myers (R)

List of United States representatives from Rhode Island, Rhode Island

: . Fernand St Germain (D) : . Edward Beard (D)

List of United States representatives from South Carolina, South Carolina

: . Mendel Jackson Davis (D) : . Floyd Spence (R) : . Butler Derrick (D) : . James Mann (South Carolina politician), James Mann (D) : . Kenneth Lamar Holland (D) : . John Jenrette (D)

List of United States representatives from South Dakota, South Dakota

: . Larry Pressler (R) : . James Abdnor (R)

List of United States representatives from Tennessee, Tennessee

: . Jimmy Quillen (R) : . John Duncan Sr. (R) : . Marilyn Lloyd (D) : . Albert Gore Jr. (D) : . Clifford Allen (D), until June 18, 1978 : . Robin Beard (R) : . Ed Jones (Tennessee politician), Ed Jones (D) : . Harold Ford Sr. (D)

List of United States representatives from Texas, Texas

: . Sam B. Hall Jr. (D) : . Charles Wilson (Texas politician), Charlie Wilson (D) : . James M. Collins (R) : . Ray Roberts (politician), Ray Roberts (D) : . Jim Mattox (D) : . Olin E. Teague (D), until December 31, 1978 : . Bill Archer (R) : . Robert C. Eckhardt (D) : . Jack Brooks (American politician), Jack Brooks (D) : . J. J. Pickle (D) : . William R. Poage (D), until December 31, 1978 : .

(D) : . Jack Hightower (D) : . John Andrew Young (D) : . Kika de la Garza (D) : . Richard Crawford White (D) : . Omar Burleson (D), until December 31, 1978 : . Barbara Jordan (D) : . George H. Mahon (D) : . Henry B. González (D) : . Bob Krueger (D) : . Robert Gammage (D) : . Abraham Kazen (D) : . Dale Milford (D)

List of United States representatives from Utah, Utah

: . K. Gunn McKay (D) : . David Daniel Marriott (R)

List of United States representatives from Vermont, Vermont

: . Jim Jeffords (R)

List of United States representatives from Virginia, Virginia

: . Paul Trible (R) : . G. William Whitehurst (R) : . David E. Satterfield III (D) : . Robert Daniel (R) : . Dan Daniel (politician), Dan Daniel (D) : . M. Caldwell Butler (R) : . J. Kenneth Robinson (R) : . Herbert Harris (D) : . William C. Wampler (R) : . Joseph L. Fisher (D)

List of United States representatives from Washington, Washington

: . Joel Pritchard (R) : . Lloyd Meeds (D) : . Don Bonker (D) : . Mike McCormack (politician), Mike McCormack (D) : . Tom Foley (D) : . Norm Dicks (D) : . Brock Adams (D), until January 22, 1977 :: John E. Cunningham (R) from May 17, 1977

List of United States representatives from West Virginia, West Virginia

: . Bob Mollohan (D) : . Harley Orrin Staggers (D) : . John M. Slack Jr. (D) : . Nick Rahall (D)

List of United States representatives from Wisconsin, Wisconsin

: . Les Aspin (D) : . Robert Kastenmeier (D) : . Alvin Baldus (D) : . Clement J. Zablocki (D) : . Henry S. Reuss (D) : . William A. Steiger (R), until December 4, 1978 : . Dave Obey (D) : . Robert John Cornell (D) : . Bob Kasten (R)

List of United States representatives from Wyoming, Wyoming

: . Teno Roncalio (D), until December 30, 1978

Non-voting members

: . Walter Fauntroy (D) : . Antonio Borja Won Pat (D) : . Baltasar Corrada del Río (PNP) : . Ron de Lugo (D) 95 us house membership

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

* Replacements: 11 ** Democratic: 3 seat net loss ** Republican Party (United States), Republican: 3 seat net gain * Deaths: 4 * Resignations: 5 * Vacancy: 0 *Total seats with changes: 9 , - , nowrap ,

Arkansas Arkansas ( ) is a landlocked state in the West South Central region of the Southern United States. It borders Missouri to the north, Tennessee and Mississippi to the east, Louisiana to the south, Texas to the southwest, and Oklahoma ...

(2) , nowrap , John L. McClellan
(D) , Died November 28, 1977.
Successor appointed to finish the term. , nowrap ,

(D) , December 10, 1977 , - , nowrap ,

Montana Montana ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Mountain states, Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It is bordered by Idaho to the west, North Dakota to the east, South Dakota to the southeast, Wyoming to the south, an ...

(2) , nowrap , Lee Metcalf
(D) , Died January 12, 1978.
Successor appointed to finish the term. , nowrap , Paul G. Hatfield
(D) , January 22, 1978 , - , nowrap ,

Minnesota Minnesota ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Upper Midwestern region of the United States. It is bordered by the Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Ontario to the north and east and by the U.S. states of Wisconsin to the east, Iowa to the so ...

(1) , nowrap ,

(DFL) , Died January 13, 1978.
Successor appointed to continue the term. , nowrap , Muriel Humphrey
(DFL) , January 25, 1978 , - , nowrap ,

Alabama Alabama ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Deep South, Deep Southern regions of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gu ...

(3) , nowrap , James Allen
(D) , Died June 1, 1978.
Successor appointed to continue the term. , nowrap , Maryon Pittman Allen
(D) , June 8, 1978 , - , nowrap ,

(3) , nowrap , Maryon Pittman Allen
(D) , Appointee lost special election.
Successor elected November 7, 1978. , nowrap , Donald Stewart
(D) , November 8, 1978 , - , nowrap ,

(1) , nowrap , Muriel Humphrey
(DFL) , Appointee retired when successor qualified.
Successor elected November 7, 1978. , nowrap , David Durenberger
(I-R) , November 8, 1978 , - , nowrap ,

(2) , nowrap , Paul G. Hatfield
(D) , Lost nomination to the next term.
Resigned early December 12, 1978.
Successor appointed, having already been elected to the next term. , nowrap ,

(D) , December 15, 1978 , - , nowrap ,

Kansas Kansas ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Nebraska to the north; Missouri to the east; Oklahoma to the south; and Colorado to the west. Kansas is named a ...

(2) , nowrap , James B. Pearson
(R) , Resigned December 23, 1978.
Successor appointed, having already been elected to the next term. , nowrap ,

(R) , December 23, 1978 , - , nowrap ,

Mississippi Mississippi ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Deep South regions of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Alabama to the east, the Gulf of Mexico to the south, Louisiana to the s ...

(2) , nowrap ,

(D) , Resigned December 27, 1978.
Successor appointed, having already been elected to the next term. , nowrap , Thad Cochran
(R) , December 27, 1978 , - , nowrap ,

(2) , nowrap , Wendell R. Anderson
(DFL) , Resigned December 29, 1978.
Successor appointed, having already been elected to the next term. , nowrap , Rudy Boschwitz
(I-R) , December 30, 1978 , - , nowrap , List of United States senators from Wyoming, Wyoming
(2) , nowrap , Clifford Hansen
(R) , Resigned December 31, 1978.
Successor appointed, having already been elected to the next term. , nowrap , Alan Simpson (American politician), Alan Simpson
(R) , January 1, 1979 , - , nowrap , List of United States senators from Virginia, Virginia
(2) , nowrap , William L. Scott
(R) , Resigned January 1, 1979.
Successor appointed, having already been elected to the next term. , nowrap , John Warner
(R) , January 2, 1979

House of Representatives

* Replacements: 6 ** Democratic: 4 seat net loss ** Republican Party (United States), Republican: 4 seat net gain * Deaths: 6 * Resignations: 21 * Contested election: 0 *Total seats with changes: 25 , - , , nowrap , Robert Bergland (DFL) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned January 22, 1977, after being appointed United States Secretary of Agriculture , nowrap , Arlan Stangeland (R) , February 22, 1977 , - , , nowrap , Brock Adams (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned January 22, 1977, after being appointed United States Secretary of Transportation , nowrap , John E. Cunningham (R) , May 17, 1977 , - , , nowrap , Andrew Young (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned January 29, 1977, after being appointed United States Ambassador to the United Nations , nowrap , Wyche Fowler (D) , April 6, 1977 , - , , nowrap , Richard Alvin Tonry (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Forced to resign May 4, 1977 , nowrap , Bob Livingston (R) , August 27, 1977 , - , , nowrap , Ed Koch (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned December 31, 1977, after being elected Mayor of New York City , nowrap , Bill Green (New York politician), Bill Green (R) , February 14, 1978 , - , , nowrap , Herman Badillo (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned December 31, 1977, after becoming Deputy Mayor of New York City. Elected on the Republican and Liberal tickets on February 14, but officially took office as a Democrat after being accepted by the caucus on February 21. , nowrap , Robert Garcia (New York politician), Robert Garcia (D) , February 21, 1978 , - , , nowrap , Clifford Allen (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Died June 18, 1978 , rowspan=19 , Vacant , rowspan=19 , Not filled this term , - , , nowrap , William M. Ketchum (R) , style="font-size:80%" , Died June 24, 1978 , - , , nowrap , Ralph Metcalfe (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Died October 10, 1978 , - , , nowrap , Goodloe Byron (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Died October 11, 1978 , - , , nowrap ,

(D) , style="font-size:80%" , Murdered by members of the Peoples Temple at the

Airport November 18, 1978, shortly before the Jonestown, Jonestown Massacre , - , , nowrap , William A. Steiger (R) , style="font-size:80%" , Died December 4, 1978 , - , , nowrap ,

(D) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned December 14, 1978, after being appointed to the U.S. Senate having already been elected. , - , , nowrap , Thad Cochran (R) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned December 26, 1978, after being appointed to the U.S. Senate having already been elected. , - , , nowrap , Teno Roncalio (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned December 30, 1978 , - , , nowrap , John E. Moss (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned December 31, 1978 , - , , nowrap , John J. McFall (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned December 31, 1978 , - , , nowrap ,

(R) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned December 31, 1978 , - , , nowrap , Joe Skubitz (R) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned December 31, 1978 , - , , nowrap , Elford Albin Cederberg (R) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned December 31, 1978 , - , , nowrap , Joseph A. LeFante (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned December 31, 1978 , - , , nowrap , James J. Delaney (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned December 31, 1978 , - , , nowrap , Olin E. Teague (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned December 31, 1978 , - , , nowrap , William R. Poage (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned December 31, 1978 , - , , nowrap , Omar Burleson (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned December 31, 1978

Committees

Senate

* United States Senate Special Committee on Aging, Aging (Special) (Chair: Frank Church) * United States Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry, Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry (Chair:

; Ranking Member:

) ** Environment, Soil Conservation and Forestry (Chair:

; Ranking Member:

) ** Agricultural Credit and Rural Electrification (Chair: James Allen; Ranking Member: S.I. Hayakawa) ** Agricultural Production, Marketing and Stabilization of Prices (Chair: Patrick Leahy; Ranking Member: Milton R. Young) ** Agricultural Research and General Legislation (Chair: Patrick Leahy; Ranking Member:

) ** Rural Development (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Carl T. Curtis) ** Foreign Agricultural Policy (Chair:

; Ranking Member:

) ** Nutrition (Chair: George McGovern; Ranking Member:

) * United States Senate Committee on Appropriations, Appropriations (Chair: Warren Magnuson; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Agriculture and Related Agencies, Agriculture and Related Agencies (Chair:

; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense, Defense (Chair: John L. McClellan; Ranking Member: Milton R. Young) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on District of Columbia, District of Columbia (Chair: Patrick Leahy; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Foreign Operations (Chair:

; Ranking Member; Ranking Member: Richard S. Schweiker) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on HUD-Independent Agencies, HUD-Independent Agencies (Chair: William Proxmire; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Interior, Interior (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Edward W. Brooke) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, Health, Education and Welfare, Labor, Health, Education and Welfare (Chair: Warren Magnuson; Ranking Member: Richard S. Schweiker) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Legislative, Legislative (Chair: Walter "Dee" Huddleston; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Military Construction, Military Construction (Chair: J. Bennett Johnston; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Public Works, Public Works (Chair: J. Bennett Johnston; Ranking Member: Mark O. Hatfield) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on State, Justice, Commerce and the Judiciary, State, Justice, Commerce and the Judiciary (Chair: Fritz Hollings; Ranking Member: Lowell P. Weicker) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Transportation, Transportation (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Clifford P. Case) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Treasury, Postal Service and General Government, Treasury, Postal Service and General Government (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Lowell P. Weicker) * United States Senate Committee on Armed Services, Armed Services (Chair: John C. Stennis; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Intelligence, Intelligence (Chair: Harry F. Byrd Jr.; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on General Procurement, General Procurement (Chair: John C. Stennis; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Military Construction and Stockfiles, Military Construction and Stockfiles (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Strom Thurmond) ** United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Arms Control, Arms Control (Chair: Henry M. Jackson; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Tactical Aircraft, Tactical Aircraft (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Dewey F. Bartlett) ** United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Research and Development, Research and Development (Chair: Thomas J. McIntyre; Ranking Member: Jake Garn) ** United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on General Legislation, General Legislation (Chair: John Culver; Ranking Member: Jake Garn) ** United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Manpower and Personnel, Manpower and Personnel (Chair:

; Ranking Member: William L. Scott) * United States Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs, Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs (Chair: William Proxmire; Ranking Member: Edward L. Brooke) ** United States Senate Banking Subcommittee on Federal Credit Programs, Federal Credit Programs (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Richard G. Lugar) ** United States Senate Banking Subcommittee on Housing and Urban Affairs, Housing and Urban Affairs (Chair: John Sparkman; Ranking Member: Edward W. Brooke) ** United States Senate Banking Subcommittee on Financial Institutions, Financial Institutions (Chair: Thomas J. McIntyre; Ranking Member: John G. Tower) ** United States Senate Banking Subcommittee on Securities, Securities (Chair: Harrison A. Williams; Ranking Member: Edward W. Brooke) ** United States Senate Banking Subcommittee on International Finance, International Finance (Chair:

; Ranking Member: H. John Heinz III) ** United States Senate Banking Subcommittee on Production and Stabilization, Production and Stabilization (Chair:

; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Banking Subcommittee on Consumer Affairs, Consumer Affairs (Chair: Donald Riegle; Ranking Member: Harrison H. Schmitt) ** United States Senate Banking Subcommittee on Rural Housing, Rural Housing (Chair: Robert Burren Morgan; Ranking Member: Jake Garn) * United States Senate Committee on the Budget, Budget (Chair:

; Ranking Member:

) * United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation, Commerce, Science and Transportation (Chair:

; Ranking Member: James B. Pearson) ** United States Senate Commerce Subcommittee on Aviation, Aviation (Chair:

; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Commerce Subcommittee on Communications, Communications (Chair: Fritz Hollings; Ranking Member: Robert P. Griffin) ** United States Senate Commerce Subcommittee on Consumer, Consumer (Chair:

; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Commerce Subcommittee on Merchant Marine and Tourism, Merchant Marine and Tourism (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Harrison H. Schmitt) ** United States Senate Commerce Subcommittee on Science, Technology and Space, Science, Technology and Space (Chair:

; Ranking Member: John C. Danforth) ** United States Senate Commerce Subcommittee on Surface Transportation, Surface Transportation (Chair: Russell B. Long; Ranking Member: Clifford P. Hansen) * United States Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, Energy and Natural Resources (Chair: Henry M. Jackson; Ranking Member: Clifford P. Hansen) ** United States Senate Energy and Natural Resources Subcommittee on Public Lands and Resources, Public Lands and Resources (Chair: Lee Metcalf; Ranking Member: James A. McClure) ** United States Senate Energy and Natural Resources Subcommittee on Parks and Recreation, Parks and Recreation (Chair: James Abourezk; Ranking Member: Clifford P. Hansen) ** United States Senate Energy and Natural Resources Subcommittee on Energy Production and Supply, Energy Production and Supply (Chair: Floyd Haskell; Ranking Member: Dewey F. Bartlett) ** United States Senate Energy and Natural Resources Subcommittee on Energy Conservation and Regulation, Energy Conservation and Regulation (Chair: J. Bennett Johnston; Ranking Member: Lowell P. Weicker Jr.) ** United States Senate Energy and Natural Resources Subcommittee on Energy R&D, Energy R&D (Chair: Frank Church; Ranking Member: Mark O. Hatfield) * United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works, Environment and Public Works (Chair: Jennings Randolph; Ranking Member: Robert T. Stafford) ** United States Senate Environment and Public Works Subcommittee on Environmental Pollution, Environmental Pollution (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Robert T. Stafford) ** United States Senate Environment and Public Works Subcommittee on Water Resources, Water Resources (Chair:

; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Environment and Public Works Subcommittee on Transportation, Transportation (Chair: Lloyd Bentsen; Ranking Member: John H. Chafee) ** United States Senate Environment and Public Works Subcommittee on Regional and Community Development, Regional and Community Development (Chair: Quentin Burdick; Ranking Member: Howard H. Baker Jr.) ** United States Senate Environment and Public Works Subcommittee on Nuclear Regulation, Nuclear Regulation (Chair: John Culver; Ranking Member: Malcolm Wallop) * United States Senate Select Committee on Ethics, Ethics (Select) (Chair:

) * United States Senate Committee on Finance, Finance (Chair: Russell B. Long; Ranking Member: Carl T. Curtis) ** United States Finance Subcommittee on Health, Health (Chair:

; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Finance Subcommittee on International Trade, International Trade (Chair:

; Ranking Member: William V. Roth Jr.) ** United States Finance Subcommittee on Taxation and Debt Management Generally, Taxation and Debt Management Generally (Chair: Harry F. Byrd Jr.; Ranking Member: Paul Laxalt) ** United States Finance Subcommittee on Social Security, Social Security (Chair: Gaylord Nelson; Ranking Member: Paul Laxalt) ** United States Finance Subcommittee on Energy and Foundations, Energy and Foundations (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Clifford P. Hansen) ** United States Finance Subcommittee on Private Pension Plans and Employee Fringe Benefits, Private Pension Plans and Employee Fringe Benefits (Chair: Lloyd Bentsen; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Finance Subcommittee on Unemployment Compensation, Revenue Sharing and Economic Problems, Unemployment Compensation, Revenue Sharing and Economic Problems (Chair:

; Ranking Member: William V. Roth Jr.) ** United States Finance Subcommittee on Administration of the Internal Revenue Code, Administration of the Internal Revenue Code (Chair: Floyd Haskell; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Finance Subcommittee on Tourism and Sugar, Tourism and Sugar (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Carl T. Curtis) ** United States Finance Subcommittee on Public Assistance, Public Assistance (Chair:

; Ranking Member: John C. Danforth) * United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, Foreign Relations (Chair: John Sparkman; Ranking Member: Clifford P. Case) ** United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on European Affairs, European Affairs (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Robert P. Griffin) ** United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on East Asian and Pacific Affairs, East Asian and Pacific Affairs (Chair:

; Ranking Member: James B. Pearson) ** United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on International Operations, International Operations (Chair: George McGovern; Ranking Member: Charles H. Percy) ** United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on Foreign Economic Policy, Foreign Economic Policy (Chair: Frank Church; Ranking Member: Jacob K. Javits) ** United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on Arms Control, Oceans and International Environment, Arms Control, Oceans and International Environment (Chair: Claiborne Pell; Ranking Member: Charles H. Percy) ** United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on Western Hemisphere Affairs, Western Hemisphere Affairs (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Jacob K. Javits) ** United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs, Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Howard H. Baker Jr.) ** United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on Foreign Assistance, Foreign Assistance (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Clifford P. Case) ** United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on African Affairs, African Affairs (Chair:

; Ranking Member:

) * United States Senate Committee on Governmental Affairs, Governmental Affairs (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Charles H. Percy) ** United States Senate Government Affairs Subcommittee on Investigations, Investigations (Chair: Henry M. Jackson; Ranking Member: Charles H. Percy) ** United States Senate Government Affairs Subcommittee on Intergovernmental Relations, Intergovernmental Relations (Chair:

; Ranking Member: William V. Roth Jr.) ** United States Senate Government Affairs Subcommittee on Reports, Accounting and Management, Reports, Accounting and Management (Chair: Lee Metcalf; Ranking Member: John C. Danforth) ** United States Senate Government Affairs Subcommittee on Governmental Efficiency and the District of Columbia, Governmental Efficiency and the District of Columbia (Chair:

; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Government Affairs Subcommittee on Federal Spending Practices and Open Government, Federal Spending Practices and Open Government (Chair:

; Ranking Member: H. John Heinz III) ** United States Senate Government Affairs Subcommittee on Energy, Nuclear Proliferation and Federal Services, Energy, Nuclear Proliferation and Federal Services (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Jacob K. Javits) ** United States Senate Government Affairs Subcommittee on Civil Service and General Services, Civil Service and General Services (Chair: Jim Sasser; Ranking Member:

) * United States Senate Committee on Human Resources, Human Resources (Chair: Harrison A. Williams; Ranking Member: Jacob K. Javits) ** United States Senate Human Resources Subcommittee on Labor, Labor (Chair: Harrison A. Williams; Ranking Member: Jacob K. Javits) ** United States Senate Human Resources Subcommittee on Handicapped, Handicapped (Chair: Jennings Randolph; Ranking Member: Robert T. Stafford) ** United States Senate Human Resources Subcommittee on Education, Arts and Humanities, Education, Arts and Humanities (Chair: Claiborne Pell; Ranking Member: Jacob K. Javits) ** United States Senate Human Resources Subcommittee on Employment, Poverty and Migratory Labor, Employment, Poverty and Migratory Labor (Chair: Gaylord Nelson; Ranking Member: Richard S. Schweiker) ** United States Senate Human Resources Subcommittee on Health and Scientific Research, Health and Scientific Research (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Richard S. Schweiker) ** United States Senate Human Resources Subcommittee on Aging, Aging (Chair:

; Ranking Member: John H. Chafee) ** United States Senate Human Resources Subcommittee on Child and Human Development, Child and Human Development (Chair:

; Ranking Member: S.I. Hayakawa) ** United States Senate Human Resources Subcommittee on Alcoholism and Drug Abuse, Alcoholism and Drug Abuse (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Orrin G. Hatch) * United States Senate Select Committee on Indian Affairs, Indian Affairs (Select) (Chair: James Abourezk) * United States Senate Committee on Judiciary, Judiciary (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Strom Thurmond) * United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, Intelligence (Select) (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Mark Hatfield) * United States Senate Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs, Nutrition and Human Needs (Select) (Chair: George McGovern) * United States Senate Committee on Rules and Administration, Rules and Administration (Chair:

, then Claiborne Pell; Ranking Member: Mark O. Hatfield) * United States Senate Special Committee on the Senate Committee System, Senate Committee System (Special) * United States Senate Select Committee on Small Business, Small Business (Select) (Chair: Gaylord Nelson) * United States Senate Committee on Veterans' Affairs, Veterans' Affairs (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Robert T. Stafford) ** United States Senate Veterans' Affairs Subcommittee on Compensation and Pensions, Compensation and Pensions (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Clifford P. Hansen) ** United States Senate Veterans' Affairs Subcommittee on Health and Readjustment, Health and Readjustment (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Strom Thurmond) ** United States Senate Veterans' Affairs Subcommittee on Housing, Insurance and Cemeteries, Housing, Insurance and Cemeteries (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Robert T. Stafford) * Committee of the whole, Whole

House of Representatives

* United States House Select Committee on Aging, Aging (Select) (Chair: Claude Pepper) * United States House Committee on Agriculture, Agriculture (Chair: Tom Foley; Ranking Member: William C. Wampler) ** Livestock and Grains (Chair: William R. Poage; Ranking Member: Keith G. Sebelius) ** Cotton (Chair: David R. Bowen; Ranking Member: W. Henson Moore) ** United States House Agriculture Subcommittee on Dairy and Poultry, Dairy and Poultry (Chair: Charlie Rose (politician), Charlie Rose; Ranking Member: Jim Jeffords) ** United States House Agriculture Subcommittee on Family Farms and Rural Development, Family Farms and Rural Development (Chair: Rick Nolan; Ranking Member: Chuck Grassley) ** Oilseeds and Rice (Chair: Dawson Mathis; Ranking Member: Paul Findley) ** United States House Agriculture Subcommittee on Tobacco, Tobacco (Chair: Walter B. Jones Sr.; Ranking Member: William C. Wampler) ** United States House Agriculture Subcommittee on Conservation and Credit, Conservation and Credit (Chair: Ed Jones (Tennessee politician), Ed Jones; Ranking Member: Edward Madigan) ** United States House Agriculture Subcommittee on Department, Investigations, Oversight and Research, Department, Investigations, Oversight and Research (Chair: Jamie Whitten; Ranking Member: Charles Thone) ** United States House Agriculture Subcommittee on Domestic Marketing, Consumer Relations and Nutrition, Domestic Marketing, Consumer Relations and Nutrition (Chair: George H. Mahon; Ranking Member: Steve Symms) ** United States House Agriculture Subcommittee on Family Farms, Rural Development and Special Studies, Family Farms, Rural Development and Special Studies (Chair: Rick Nolan; Ranking Member: Chuck Grassley) * United States House Committee on Appropriations, Appropriations (Chair: George H. Mahon; Ranking Member: Elford Cederberg) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Agriculture and Related Agencies, Agriculture and Related Agencies (Chair: Jamie Whitten; Ranking Member: Mark Andrews (politician), Mark Andrews) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense, Defense (Chair: George H. Mahon; Ranking Member: Jack Edwards) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on District of Columbia, District of Columbia (Chair: William Natcher; Ranking Member: Clair W. Burgener) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Foreign Operations (Chair: Clarence Long; Ranking Member: Bill Young (Florida politician), Bill Young) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on HUD-Independent Agencies, HUD-Independent Agencies (Chair: Edward Boland; Ranking Member: Lawrence Coughlin) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Interior, Interior (Chair: Sidney R. Yates; Ranking Member: Joseph M. McDade) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor-Health, Education and Welfare, Labor-Health, Education and Welfare (Chair: Dan Flood; Ranking Member:

) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Legislative, Legislative (Chair: George E. Shipley; Ranking Member: William L. Armstrong) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Military Construction, Military Construction (Chair: K. Gunn McKay; Ranking Member: Robert C. McEwen) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Public Works, Public Works (Chair: Tom Bevill; Ranking Member: John T. Myers (congressman), John T. Myers) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on State, Justice, Commerce and Judiciary, State, Justice, Commerce and Judiciary (Chair: John M. Slack Jr.; Ranking Member: Elford Ceberberg) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Transportation, Transportation (Chair: John J. McFall; Ranking Member: Silvio O. Conte) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Treasury, Postal Service and General Government, Treasury, Postal Service and General Government (Chair: Tom Steed; Ranking Member: Clarence E. Miller) * United States House Committee on Armed Services, Armed Services (Chair: Melvin Price; Ranking Member: Bob Wilson (politician), Bob Wilson) ** United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Intelligence and Military Application of Nuclear Energy, Intelligence and Military Application of Nuclear Energy (Chair: Charles Melvin Price; Ranking Member: Bob Wilson (politician), Bob Wilson) ** United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Research and Development, Research and Development (Chair: Richard Howard Ichord Jr.; Ranking Member: William Louis Dickinson, William L. Dickinson) ** United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Seapower, Strategic and Critical Materials, Seapower, Strategic and Critical Materials (Chair: Charles E. Bennett (politician), Charles E. Bennett; Ranking Member: Floyd Spence) ** United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Investigations, Investigations (Chair: Samuel S. Stratton; Ranking Member: Robin Beard) ** United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Military Installations and Facilities, Military Installations and Facilities (Chair: Lucien Nedzi; Ranking Member: G. William Whitehurst) ** United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Military Personnel, Military Personnel (Chair: Richard Crawford White; Ranking Member: David C. Treen) ** United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Military Compensation, Military Compensation (Chair: Bill Nichols (politician), Bill Nichols; Ranking Member: Donald J. Mitchell) * United States House Select Committee on Assassinations, Assassinations (Select) (Chair: Louis Stokes) * United States House Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs, Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs (Chair: Henry S. Reuss; Ranking Member: J. William Stanton) ** United States House Banking Subcommittee on The City, The City (Chair: Henry S. Reuss; Ranking Member: Richard Kelly (Florida politician), Richard Kelly) ** United States House Banking Subcommittee on Housing and Community and Development, Housing and Community and Development (Chair: Thomas L. Ashley; Ranking Member: Garry E. Brown) ** United States House Banking Subcommittee on Economic Stabilization, Economic Stabilization (Chair: William S. Moorhead; Ranking Member: Stewart B. McKinney) ** United States House Banking Subcommittee on Financial Institutions Supervision, Regulation and Insurance, Financial Institutions Supervision, Regulation and Insurance (Chair: Fernand St. Germain; Ranking Member: John H. Rousselot) ** United States House Banking Subcommittee on International Development Institutions and Finance, International Development Institutions and Finance (Chair: Henry B. González; Ranking Member: Henry J. Hyde) ** United States House Banking Subcommittee on General Oversight and Renegotiation, General Oversight and Renegotiation (Chair: Joseph Minish; Ranking Member: Chuck Grassley) ** United States House Banking Subcommittee on Consumer Affairs, Consumer Affairs (Chair: Frank Annunzio; Ranking Member: Chalmers P. Wylie) ** United States House Banking Subcommittee on Domestic Monetary Policy, Domestic Monetary Policy (Chair: Parren Mitchell; Ranking Member: George V. Hansen) ** United States House Banking Subcommittee on Historic Preservation and Coinage, Historic Preservation and Coinage (Chair: Walter Fauntroy; Ranking Member: Jim Leach) ** United States House Banking Subcommittee on International Trade, Investment and Monetary Policy, International Trade, Investment and Monetary Policy (Chair: Stephen L. Neal; Ranking Member: J. William Stanton) * United States House Committee on the Budget, Budget (Chair: Robert Giaimo; Ranking Member: Del Latta) ** United States House Budget Subcommittee on Budget Process, Budget Process (Chair: Butler Derrick; Ranking Member: Del Latta) ** United States House Budget Subcommittee on Economic Policy, Economic Policy (Chair: Thomas L. Ashley; Ranking Member: Barber B. Conable Jr.) ** United States House Budget Subcommittee on Tax Expenditures, Government Organization and Regulation, Tax Expenditures, Government Organization and Regulation (Chair: Paul Simon (politician), Paul Simon; Ranking Member: Jim Broyhill) ** United States House Budget Subcommittee on Distributive Impacts of Budget and Economic Policies, Distributive Impacts of Budget and Economic Policies (Chair: Donald M. Fraser; Ranking Member: John H. Rousselot) ** United States House Budget Subcommittee on National Security, National Security (Chair: Robert L. Leggett; Ranking Member: Del Latta) ** United States House Budget Subcommittee on Human Resources, Human Resources (Chair: Parren Mitchell; Ranking Member: Clair W. Burgener) ** United States House Budget Subcommittee on Community and Physical Resources, Community and Physical Resources (Chair: Louis Stokes; Ranking Member: Clair W. Burgener) ** United States House Budget Subcommittee on State and Local Government, State and Local Government (Chair: Elizabeth Holtzman; Ranking Member: John J. Duncan Sr.) * United States House Select Committee on Crime, Crime (Select) (Chair: ; Ranking Member: ) * United States House Committee on District of Columbia, District of Columbia (Chair: Charles Diggs; Ranking Member: Stewart B. McKinney) ** United States House District of Columbia Subcommittee on Fiscal and Government Affairs, Fiscal and Government Affairs (Chair: Stewart B. McKinney; Ranking Member: ) ** United States House District of Columbia Subcommittee on Judiciary, Judiciary (Chair: Romano Mazzoli; Ranking Member: Robert W. Daniel Jr.) ** United States House District of Columbia Subcommittee on Economic Development, Economic Development (Chair: Herbert Harris; Ranking Member: Charles W. Whalen Jr.) * United States House Committee on Education and Labor, Education and Labor (Chair: Carl D. Perkins; Ranking Member: Charles W. Whalen Jr.) ** United States House Education and Labor Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary and Vocational Education, Elementary, Secondary and Vocational Education (Chair: Carl D. Perkins; Ranking Member: Al Quie) ** United States House Education and Labor Subcommittee on Labor-Management Relations, Labor-Management Relations (Chair: Frank Thompson; Ranking Member: Al Quie) ** United States House Education and Labor Subcommittee on Labor Standards, Labor Standards (Chair: John Herman Dent; Ranking Member: John N. Erlenborn) ** United States House Education and Labor Subcommittee on Select Education, Select Education (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Jim Jeffords) ** United States House Education and Labor Subcommittee on Employment Opportunities, Employment Opportunities (Chair: Augustus Hawkins; Ranking Member: Ronald A. Sarasin) ** United States House Education and Labor Subcommittee on Postsecondary Education, Postsecondary Education (Chair: William D. Ford; Ranking Member: John Buchanan (American politician), John Buchanan) ** United States House Education and Labor Subcommittee on Compensation, Health and Safety, Compensation, Health and Safety (Chair: Joseph M. Gaydos; Ranking Member: Ronald A. Sarasin) ** United States House Education and Labor Subcommittee on Economic Opportunity, Economic Opportunity (Chair: Ike Franklin Andrews; Ranking Member: Bill Goodling) * United States House Select Committee on Ethics, Ethics (Select) (Chair: H. Richardson Preyer) * United States House Committee on Government Operations, Government Operations (Chair: Jack Brooks (American politician), Jack Brooks; Ranking Member: Frank Horton (New York politician), Frank Horton) ** United States House Government Operations Subcommittee on Legislation and National Security, Legislation and National Security (Chair: Jack Brooks (American politician), Jack Brooks; Ranking Member: Frank Horton (New York politician), Frank Horton) ** United States House Government Operations Subcommittee on Intergovernmental Relations and Human Resources, Intergovernmental Relations and Human Resources (Chair: Lawrence H. Fountain; Ranking Member: John W. Wydler) ** United States House Government Operations Subcommittee on Commerce, Consumer and Monetary Affairs, Commerce, Consumer and Monetary Affairs (Chair: Benjamin Stanley Rosenthal; Ranking Member: Garry E. Brown) ** United States House Government Operations Subcommittee on Environment, Energy and Natural Resources, Environment, Energy and Natural Resources (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Thomas N. Kindness) ** United States House Government Operations Subcommittee on Manpower and Housing, Manpower and Housing (Chair: Cardiss Collins; Ranking Member: Bob Kasten) ** United States House Government Operations Subcommittee on Government Activities and Transportation, Government Activities and Transportation (Chair: John Burton (American politician), John Burton; Ranking Member: Charles Thone) ** United States House Government Operations Subcommittee on Government Information and Individual Rights, Government Information and Individual Rights (Chair: L. Richardson Preyer; Ranking Member: Paul N. McCloskey Jr.)) * United States House Committee on House Administration, House Administration (Chair: Frank Thompson; Ranking Member: William Louis Dickinson, William L. Dickinson) ** United States House Administration Subcommittee on Accounts, Accounts (Chair: John Herman Dent; Ranking Member: Samuel L. Devine) ** United States House Administration Subcommittee on Libraries and Memorials, Libraries and Memorials (Chair: Lucien Nedzi; Ranking Member: Samuel L. Devine) ** United States House Administration Subcommittee on Printing, Printing (Chair: Augustus Hawkins; Ranking Member: James C. Cleveland) ** United States House Administration Subcommittee on Personnel and Police, Personnel and Police (Chair: Frank Annunzio; Ranking Member: Samuel L. Devine) ** United States House Administration Subcommittee on Contracts, Contracts (Chair: Joseph M. Gaydos; Ranking Member: James C. Cleveland) ** United States House Administration Subcommittee on Services, Services (Chair: Ed Jones (Tennessee politician), Ed Jones; Ranking Member: William Louis Dickinson, William L. Dickinson) ** United States House Administration Subcommittee on Office Systems, Office Systems (Chair: Bob Mollohan; Ranking Member: J. Herbert Burke) * United States House Select Committee on the House Beauty Shop, House Beauty Shop (Select) (Chair: Margaret Heckler; Ranking Member: ) * United States House Select Committee on Intelligence, Intelligence (Select) (Chair: Edward Boland; Ranking Member: ) * United States House Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, Insular Affairs (Chair: Mo Udall; Ranking Member: Joe Skubitz) ** United States House Interior and Insular Affairs Subcommittee on Energy and the Environment, Energy and the Environment (Chair: Mo Udall; Ranking Member: Robert E. Bauman) ** United States House Interior and Insular Affairs Subcommittee on General Oversight and Alaska Lands, General Oversight and Alaska Lands (Chair: John F. Seiberling; Ranking Member: Don Young) ** United States House Interior and Insular Affairs Subcommittee on Mines and Mining, Mines and Mining (Chair: Abraham Kazen); Ranking Member: Philip Ruppe ** United States House Interior and Insular Affairs Subcommittee on National Parks and Insular Affairs, National Parks and Insular Affairs (Chair: Phillip Burton; Ranking Member: Keith G. Sebelius) ** United States House Interior and Insular Affairs Subcommittee on Indian Affairs and Public Lands, Indian Affairs and Public Lands (Chair: Teno Roncalio; Ranking Member: James P. Johnson) ** United States House Interior and Insular Affairs Subcommittee on Special Investigations, Special Investigations (Chair: Harold L. Runnels; Ranking Member: Don H. Clausen) ** United States House Interior and Insular Affairs Subcommittee on Water and Power Resources, Water and Power Resources (Chair: Lloyd Meeds; Ranking Member: Manuel Lujan Jr.) * United States House Committee on International Relations, International Relations (Chair: Clement J. Zablocki; Ranking Member: William S. Broomfield) ** United States House International Relations Subcommittee on International Security and Scientific Affairs, International Security and Scientific Affairs (Chair: Clement J. Zablocki; Ranking Member: William S. Broomfield) ** United States House International Relations Subcommittee on International Operations, International Operations (Chair: Dante Fascell; Ranking Member: John Buchanan (American politician), John Buchanan) ** United States House International Relations Subcommittee on Africa, Africa (Chair: Charles Diggs; Ranking Member: Charles W. Whalen Jr.) ** United States House International Relations Subcommittee on International Organizations, International Organizations (Chair: Donald M. Fraser); Ranking Member: Edward J. Derwinski) ** United States House International Relations Subcommittee on Europe and the Middle East, Europe and the Middle East (Chair: Lee H. Hamilton; Ranking Member: Paul Findley) ** United States House International Relations Subcommittee on Asian and Pacific Affairs, Asian and Pacific Affairs (Chair: Lester L. Wolff; Ranking Member: J. Herbert Burke) ** United States House International Relations Subcommittee on International Economic Policy and Trade, International Economic Policy and Trade (Chair: Jonathan Brewster Bingham; Ranking Member: Charles W. Whalen Jr.) ** United States House International Relations Subcommittee on International Development, International Development (Chair: Michael J. Harrington, Michael Harrington; Ranking Member: Larry Winn Jr.) * United States House Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, Interstate and Foreign Commerce (Chair: Harley Orrin Staggers; Ranking Member: Samuel L. Devine) ** United States House Interstate and Foreign Commerce Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, Oversight and Investigations (Chair: John E. Moss; Ranking Member: James M. Collins) ** United States House Interstate and Foreign Commerce Subcommittee on Energy and Power, Energy and Power (Chair: John Dingell; Ranking Member: Clarence J. Brown) ** United States House Interstate and Foreign Commerce Subcommittee on Health and the Environment, Health and the Environment (Chair: Paul Rogers (politician), Paul Rogers; Ranking Member: Tim Lee Carter) ** United States House Interstate and Foreign Commerce Subcommittee on Communications, Communications (Chair: Lionel Van Deerlin; Ranking Member: Louis Frey Jr.) ** United States House Interstate and Foreign Commerce Subcommittee on Transportation and Commerce, Transportation and Commerce (Chair: Fred B. Rooney; Ranking Member: Joe Skubitz) ** United States House Interstate and Foreign Commerce Subcommittee on Consumer Protection and Finance, Consumer Protection and Finance (Chair: Robert C. Eckhardt; Ranking Member: Jim Broyhill) * United States House Committee on Judiciary, Judiciary (Chair: Peter W. Rodino; Ranking Member: Robert McClory) ** United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Immigration, Citizenship and International Law, Immigration, Citizenship and International Law (Chair: Joshua Eilberg; Ranking Member: Hamilton Fish IV) ** United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Administrative Law and Governmental Relations, Administrative Law and Governmental Relations (Chair: George E. Danielson; Ranking Member: Carlos J. Moorhead) ** United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Courts, Civil Liberties and the Administration of Justice, Courts, Civil Liberties and the Administration of Justice (Chair: Robert Kastenmeier; Ranking Member: Thomas F. Railsback) ** United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Civil and Constitutional Rights, Civil and Constitutional Rights (Chair: Don Edwards; Ranking Member: M. Caldwell Butler) ** United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Monopolies and Commercial Law, Monopolies and Commercial Law (Chair: Peter W. Rodino; Ranking Member: Robert McClory) ** United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Crime, Crime (Chair: John Conyers; Ranking Member: John M. Ashbrook) ** United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Criminal Justice, Criminal Justice (Chair: James Mann (South Carolina politician), James Mann; Ranking Member: Charles E. Wiggins) * United States House Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, Merchant Marine and Fisheries (Chair: John M. Murphy (New York politician), John M. Murphy; Ranking Member: Philip E. Ruppe) ** United States House Merchant Marine and Fisheries Subcommittee on Merchant Marine, Merchant Marine (Chair: John M. Murphy (New York politician), John M. Murphy; Ranking Member: Paul N. McCloskey Jr.) ** United States House Merchant Marine and Fisheries Subcommittee on Fisheries, Wildlife Conservation and the Environment, Fisheries, Wildlife Conservation and the Environment (Chair: Robert L. Leggett; Ranking Member: Edwin B. Forsythe) ** United States House Merchant Marine and Fisheries Subcommittee on Coast Guard and Navigation, Coast Guard and Navigation (Chair: Mario Biaggi; Ranking Member: David C. Treen) ** United States House Merchant Marine and Fisheries Subcommittee on Oceangraphy, Oceangraphy (Chair: John Breaux; Ranking Member: Joel Pritchard) ** United States House Merchant Marine and Fisheries Subcommittee on Panama Canal, Panama Canal (Chair: Ralph Metcalfe; Ranking Member: Gene Snyder) ** United States House Merchant Marine and Fisheries Subcommittee on Maritime Education and Training, Maritime Education and Training (Ad Hoc) (Chair: Gerry Studds; Ranking Member: Don Young) * United States House Special Committee on Modernization of House Gallery Facilities, Modernization of House Gallery Facilities (Special) (Chair: Joe D. Waggoner Jr.; Ranking Member: Edward J. Derwinski) * United States House Select Committee on Narcotics Abuse and Control, Narcotics Abuse and Control (Select) (Chair: Lester L. Wolff) * United States House Select Committee on Outer Continental Shelf, Outer Continental Shelf (Ad Hoc/Select) (Chair: John M. Murphy (New York politician), John M. Murphy) * United States House Select Committee on Population, Population (Select) (Chair: ; Ranking Member: ) * United States House Committee on Post Office and Civil Service, Post Office and Civil Service (Chair: Robert N. C. Nix Sr.; Ranking Member: Edward J. Derwinski) ** United States House Post Office and Civil Service Subcommittee on Employee Ethics and Utilization, Employee Ethics and Utilization (Chair: Pat Schroeder; Ranking Member: Benjamin A. Gilman) ** United States House Post Office and Civil Service Subcommittee on Civil Service, Civil Service (Chair: Bill Clay; Ranking Member: Trent Lott) ** United States House Post Office and Civil Service Subcommittee on Investigations, Investigations (Chair: Robert N. C. Nix Sr.; Ranking Member: Edward J. Derwinski) ** United States House Post Office and Civil Service Subcommittee on Compensations and Employee Benefits, Compensations and Employee Benefits (Chair: Gladys Spellman; Ranking Member: Jim Leach) ** United States House Post Office and Civil Service Subcommittee on Postal Operations and Services, Postal Operations and Services (Chair: James M. Hanley; Ranking Member: James M. Collins) ** United States House Post Office and Civil Service Subcommittee on Census and Population, Census and Population (Chair: William Lehman (Florida politician), William Lehman; Ranking Member: John H. Rousselot) ** United States House Post Office and Civil Service Subcommittee on Postal Personnel and Modernization, Postal Personnel and Modernization (Chair: Charlie Wilson (Texas politician), Charlie Wilson; Ranking Member: Gene Taylor (Missouri politician), Gene Taylor) * United States House Committee on Public Works and Transportation, Public Works and Transportation (Chair: Harold T. Johnson; Ranking Member: Bill Harsha) ** United States House Public Works and Transportation Subcommittee on Aviation, Aviation (Chair: Glenn M. Anderson; Ranking Member: Gene Snyder) ** United States House Public Works and Transportation Subcommittee on Economic Development, Economic Development (Chair: Robert A. Roe; Ranking Member: John Paul Hammerschmidt) ** United States House Public Works and Transportation Subcommittee on Investigations and Review, Investigations and Review (Chair: Ronald 'Bo' Ginn; Ranking Member: James C. Cleveland) ** United States House Public Works and Transportation Subcommittee on Public Buildings and Grounds, Public Buildings and Grounds (Chair: Norman Mineta; Ranking Member: William F. Walsh) ** United States House Public Works and Transportation Subcommittee on Surface Transportation, Surface Transportation (Chair: James J. Howard; Ranking Member: Bud Shuster) ** United States House Public Works and Transportation Subcommittee on Water Resources, Water Resources (Chair: Ray Roberts (politician), Ray Roberts; Ranking Member: Don H. Clausen) * United States House Committee on Rules, Rules (Chair: James J. Delaney; Ranking Member: Don H. Clausen) * United States House Committee on Science and Technology, Science and Technology (Chair: Olin E. Teague; Ranking Member: John W. Wydler) ** United States House Science and Technology Subcommittee on Space Science and Applications, Space Science and Applications (Chair: Don Fuqua; Ranking Member: Larry Winn Jr.) ** United States House Science and Technology Subcommittee on Fossil and Energy Research, Development and Demonstration, Fossil and Energy Research, Development and Demonstration (Chair: Walter Flowers; Ranking Member: Larry Winn Jr.) ** United States House Science and Technology Subcommittee on Advanced Energy Technologies, Energy Conservation, Development and Demonstration, Advanced Energy Technologies, Energy Conservation, Development and Demonstration (Chair: Mike McCormack (politician), Mike McCormack; Ranking Member: Barry M. Goldwater Jr.) ** United States House Science and Technology Subcommittee on Environment and the Atmosphere, Environment and the Atmosphere (Chair: George Brown Jr.; Ranking Member: Manuel Lujan Jr.) ** United States House Science and Technology Subcommittee on Transportation, Aviation and Weather, Transportation, Aviation and Weather (Chair: Dale Milford; Ranking Member: John W. Wydler) ** United States House Science and Technology Subcommittee on Science, Research and Technology, Science, Research and Technology (Chair: Ray Thornton; Ranking Member: Harold C. Hollenbeck) ** United States House Science and Technology Subcommittee on Domestic and International Scientific Planning, Analysis and Cooperation, Domestic and International Scientific Planning, Analysis and Cooperation (Chair: James H. Scheuer; Ranking Member: Silvio O. Conte) * United States House Committee on Small Business, Small Business (Chair: Neal Edward Smith; Ranking Member: Silvio O. Conte) ** United States House Small Business Subcommittee on SBA and SBIC Authority and General Small Business, SBA and SBIC Authority and General Small Business (Chair: Neal Edward Smith; Ranking Member: Silvio O. Conte) ** United States House Small Business Subcommittee on Minority Enterprise and General Oversight, Minority Enterprise and General Oversight (Chair: Joseph P. Addabbo; Ranking Member: Joseph M. McDade) ** United States House Small Business Subcommittee on Antitrust and Restraint of Trade Activities Affecting Small Business, Antitrust and Restraint of Trade Activities Affecting Small Business (Chair: John B. Breckinridge; Ranking Member: Tim Lee Carter) ** United States House Small Business Subcommittee on Energy, Environment, Safety and Research, Energy, Environment, Safety and Research (Chair: Alvin Baldus; Ranking Member: Tim Lee Carter) ** United States House Small Business Subcommittee on Capital Investment and Business Opportunities, Capital Investment and Business Opportunities (Chair: John J. LaFalce; Ranking Member: J. William Stanton) ** United States House Small Business Subcommittee on Special Small Business Problems, Special Small Business Problems (Chair: Marty Russo; Ranking Member: William S. Broomfield) * United States House Committee on Standards of Official Conduct, Standards of Official Conduct (Chair: L. Richardson Preyer; Ranking Member: Floyd Spence) * United States House Committee on Veterans' Affairs, Veterans' Affairs (Chair: Ray Roberts (politician), Ray Roberts; Ranking Member: John Paul Hammerschmidt) ** United States House Veterans' Affairs Subcommittee on Compensation, Pension and Insurance, Compensation, Pension and Insurance (Chair: Sonny Montgomery; Ranking Member: Chalmers P. Wylie) ** United States House Veterans' Affairs Subcommittee on Education and Training, Education and Training (Chair: Olin E. Teague; Ranking Member: Margaret M. Heckler) ** United States House Veterans' Affairs Subcommittee on Medical Facilities and Benefits, Medical Facilities and Benefits (Chair: David E. Satterfield III; Ranking Member: John Paul Hammerschmidt) ** United States House Veterans' Affairs Subcommittee on Housing, Housing (Chair: Jack Brinkley; Ranking Member: James Abdnor) ** United States House Veterans' Affairs Subcommittee on Cemeteries and Burial Benefits, Cemeteries and Burial Benefits (Chair: Charles J. Carney; Ranking Member: Elwood Hillis) * United States House Committee on Ways and Means, Ways and Means (Chair: Al Ullman; Ranking Member: Barber Conable Jr.) ** United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Social Security, Social Security (Chair: James A. Burke (Massachusetts politician), James A. Burke; Ranking Member: Bill Archer) ** United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Health, Health (Chair:

; Ranking Member: John Duncan Sr.) ** United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Trade, Trade (Chair: Charles Vanik; Ranking Member: William A. Steiger) ** United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Public Assistance and Unemployment Compensation, Public Assistance and Unemployment Compensation (Chair: James C. Corman; Ranking Member:

) ** United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Oversight, Oversight (Chair: Sam Gibbons; Ranking Member: Phil Crane) ** United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Miscellaneous Revenue Measures, Miscellaneous Revenue Measures (Chair: Joe D. Waggoner Jr.; Ranking Member: Bill Frenzel) * Committee of the Whole (United States House of Representatives), Whole

Joint committees

* Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, Atomic Energy (Chair: Vacant; Vice Chair: Sen. Henry M. Jackson) * Joint Committee on Congressional Operations, Congressional Operations (Chair: Sen. Lee Metcalf; Vice Chair: Rep. Jack Brooks (American politician), Jack Brooks) * Joint Committee on Defense Productions, Defense Productions (Chair: Sen. William Proxmire; Vice Chair: Rep. Parren Mitchell) * Joint Economic Committee, Economic (Chair: Rep. Richard Walker Bolling; Vice Chair: Sen. Hubert H. Humphrey) * Joint Committee on Taxation, Taxation (Chair: Rep. Al Ullman; Vice Chair: Sen. Russell B. Long) * Joint Committee on the Library, The Library (Chair: Rep. Lucien Nedzi; Vice Chair: Sen.

) * Joint Committee on Printing, Printing (Chair: Sen.

; Vice Chair: Rep. Frank Thompson Jr.)

Employees

List of federal agencies in the United States#United States Congress, Legislative branch agency directors

* Architect of the Capitol: George Malcolm White * Attending Physician of the United States Congress: Freeman H. Cary * Comptroller General of the United States: Elmer B. Staats * Director of the Congressional Budget Office: Alice M. Rivlin * Librarian of Congress: Daniel J. Boorstin * Public Printer of the United States: Thomas F. McCormick, until 1977 ** John J. Boyle (Public Printer), John J. Boyle, from 1977

Senate

* Chaplain of the United States Senate, Chaplain: Edward L.R. Elson (Presbyterian) * Curator of the United States Senate, Curator: James R. Ketchum * Historian of the United States Senate, Historian: Richard A. Baker (historian), Richard A. Baker * Parliamentarian of the United States Senate, Parliamentarian: Murray Zweben * Secretary of the United States Senate, Secretary: Francis R. Valeo, until March 31, 1977 ** Joseph Stanley Kimmitt, J. Stanley Kimmitt, from March 31, 1977 * United States Senate Librarian, Librarian: Roger K. Haley * Sergeant at Arms of the United States Senate, Sergeant at Arms: Frank "Nordy" Hoffman * Secretary for the Majority of the United States Senate, Secretary for the Majority: Joseph Stanley Kimmitt, J. Stanley Kimmitt, until March 31, 1977 ** James H. Duffy, from March 31, 1977 * Secretary for the Minority of the United States Senate, Secretary for the Minority: William Hildenbrand

House of Representatives

* Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives, Chaplain: Edward G. Latch (Methodism, Methodist) * Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, Clerk: Edmund L. Henshaw Jr. * Doorkeeper of the United States House of Representatives, Doorkeeper: James T. Molloy * Parliamentarian of the United States House of Representatives, Parliamentarian: William Holmes Brown * Reading Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, Reading Clerks: Bob Berry (R), Charles W. Hackney Jr. (D) * Postmaster of the United States House of Representatives, Postmaster: Robert V. Rota * Sergeant at Arms of the United States House of Representatives, Sergeant at Arms: Kenneth R. Harding

Notes

References

* *

External links

Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress

* * * * {{USCongresses 95th United States Congress,