7.62×45mm
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The 7.62×45mm (designated as the 7,62 × 45 by the C.I.P.)C.I.P. TDCC datasheet 7,62 x 45
/ref> is a rimless bottlenecked intermediate
rifle A rifle is a long gun, long-barreled firearm designed for accurate shooting and higher stopping power, with a gun barrel, barrel that has a helical or spiralling pattern of grooves (rifling) cut into the bore wall. In keeping with their focus o ...
cartridge developed in
Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia ( ; Czech language, Czech and , ''Česko-Slovensko'') was a landlocked country in Central Europe, created in 1918, when it declared its independence from Austria-Hungary. In 1938, after the Munich Agreement, the Sudetenland beca ...
. It is fired by the Czech Vz. 52 rifle, Vz. 52 light machine gun, and ZB-530 machine gun. The cartridge was later dropped from use when the Czech converted to the standard 7.62×39mm
Warsaw Pact The Warsaw Pact (WP), formally the Treaty of Friendship, Co-operation and Mutual Assistance (TFCMA), was a Collective security#Collective defense, collective defense treaty signed in Warsaw, Polish People's Republic, Poland, between the Sovi ...
cartridge of the
Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...
. Its muzzle velocity and
muzzle energy Muzzle energy is the kinetic energy of a bullet as it is expelled from the muzzle (firearm), muzzle of a firearm. Without consideration of factors such as aerodynamics and gravity for the sake of comparison, muzzle energy is used as a rough indi ...
are slightly higher than that of the 7.62×39mm cartridge, and is on par with the .30-30 Winchester cartridge, with equivalent projectiles.


Cartridge dimensions

The 7.62×45mm has a 2.79 mL (43.1 gr H2O) cartridge case capacity. The exterior shape of the case was designed to promote reliable case feeding and extraction in
bolt-action Bolt action is a type of manual Action (firearms), firearm action that is operated by ''directly'' manipulating the bolt (firearms), turn-bolt via a cocking handle, bolt handle, most commonly placed on the right-hand side of the firearm (a ...
and semi-automatic rifles and machine guns alike, under extreme conditions. 7.62×45mm maximum C.I.P. cartridge dimensions. All sizes in millimeters (mm). Americans would define the shoulder angle at alpha/2 ≈ 24.9 degrees. The common
rifling Rifling is the term for helical grooves machined into the internal surface of a firearms's barrel for imparting a spin to a projectile to improve its aerodynamic stability and accuracy. It is also the term (as a verb) for creating such groov ...
twist rate for this cartridge is 280 mm (1 in 11.03 in), 4 grooves, Ø lands = , Ø grooves = , land width = and the primer type is Berdan or Boxer (in large rifle size). According to the official C.I.P. (Commission Internationale Permanente pour l'Epreuve des Armes à Feu Portatives) rulings the 7.62×45mm can handle up to Pmax piezo pressure. In C.I.P. regulated countries every rifle cartridge combo has to be proofed at 125% of this maximum C.I.P. pressure to certify for sale to consumers. This means that 7.62×45mm chambered arms in C.I.P. regulated countries are currently (2014) proof tested at PE piezo pressure.


Non-official dimensions

There are definite differences in reported dimensions from non-official sources for this cartridge. Some of this may be accounted for by small errors in conversion from metric to inches, while others such as loaded length may additionally be attributed to different lengths of bullets being measured in loaded rounds. A sample list of various measurements is in the table below.


Dimensionally similar

The 7.62×45mm cartridge is approximately of the same overall length as the 5.56 NATO and .223 Remington cartridges common in the United States, and will "fit" into AR-15 pattern magazines designed for the 6.5mm Grendel cartridge (as well as those for cartridges with dimensionally close case bodies). Re-barreling, or even "Sleeving" the barrel of the Czech Vz.52 carbine in order to shoot 6.5mm Grendel is a viable option that provides a common factory / boxer primed and reloadable compatible cartridge. 6.5 Grendel was originally designed for the AR15 class of firearms, and therefore has power level (pressure) ratings that are within the limits of that class. As such, the C.I.P.-listed pressure levels for the 6.5 Grendel are lower than those listed by the C.I.P. for the 7.62×45mm (C.I.P.: 430.00 MPa (62,366 psi)). The .250 Savage would also be another reasonable option for rebarreling the Vz.52 rifle, if intending to use the OEM magazine attention to the Overall Length (OAL) of the finished cartridge will be important.C.I.P. TDCC datasheet 7,62 x 45
/ref>


Reloading

The C.I.P. lists the projectile diameter as 7.83 mm (.311–.312 caliber), which is the same bullet diameter as the British .303 British cartridges and Soviet ".30 caliber" rounds like 7.62×39mm. .308 Winchester(7.62 mm)-size bullets are safe and usable but would not necessarily be the most accurate. Reloading in this chambering is a nuisance in the United States. Boxer-primed cases can be easily formed via resizing and trimming 6.5×52mm Carcano brass, but these are difficult to obtain. Another route is to use the .220 Swift cartridge, but along with resizing and trimming, this also requires turning the rims down on a lathe and cutting deeper extractor grooves. .300 Savage is probably the closest in size for a relatively available American Boxer-primed reloadable .30 caliber cartridge. the .300 Savage case is <12 mm in diameter at the base (vs 11.3mm), <11.35 mm at the shoulder, and longer by just over 2.5 mm at 47.52 mm. A .300 Savage chamber reamer can open up the Vz.52 chamber to the correct .300 Savage cartridge case body dimensions with the deeper and wider shoulder; OAL would have to be adjusted to fit the magazine as well.


Wildcats

The 7.62×45mm case is also used as the parent case for a modified variant that is not officially registered with or sanctioned by the C.I.P. or its American equivalent, the SAAMI. Such cartridges which use commercial factory cases are generally known as wildcats. By changing the shape of standard factory cases (decreasing case taper and/or changing the shoulder geometry) the wildcatter generally increases the case capacity of the factory parent cartridge case, allowing more propellant to be used to generate higher velocities. Besides changing the shape and internal volume of the parent cartridge case, wildcatters also can change the original calibre. A reason to change the original calibre can be to comply with a minimal permitted calibre or bullet weight for the legal hunting of certain species of game or change external or terminal ballistic behavior. In his spare time Chis E. Murray has been developing a cartridge which he calls the ''7×46mm Universal Intermediate Assault Cartridge''.7x46mm UIAC (Universal Intermediate Assault Cartridge)
/ref> The 7×46mm is designed to replace both the 5.56mm and 7.62mm NATO cartridges. It is low recoil and so can be used from carbines, but has long enough range to be used in machine guns and designated marksmen rifles. Its overall length has been optimized so that guns chambering it would be bigger than AR-15s but smaller than AR-10s.Major Thomas P. Ehrhar
Increasing Small Arms Lethality in Afghanistan: Taking Back the Infantry Half-Kilometer
US Army. 2009


Gallery

File:762x45s.png, 7.62×45mm brass case cartridge (left) and 7.62×45mm steel case cartridge (right). File:45and39.png, 7.62×45mm cartridge (left) and 7.62×39mm cartridge (right).


See also

*
7 mm caliber This is a list of firearm cartridges which have bullets in the caliber In guns, particularly firearms, but not #As a measurement of length, artillery, where a different definition may apply, caliber (or calibre; sometimes abbreviated a ...
*
List of rifle cartridges List of rifle cartridges, by primer type, Caliber, calibre and name. File:Cartridge Sample 2.jpg, 350px, From left to right: 1 .17 Hornady Mach 2, 2 .17 Hornady Magnum Rimfire, 3 .22 Long Rifle, 4 .22 Winchester Magnum Rimfire, 5 .17/23 SMc, 6 5mm ...


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:7.62x45mm vz. 52 Pistol and rifle cartridges Military cartridges