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Events


Pre-1600

* 328 – The official opening of Constantine's Bridge built over the
Danube The Danube ( ; see also #Names and etymology, other names) is the List of rivers of Europe#Longest rivers, second-longest river in Europe, after the Volga in Russia. It flows through Central and Southeastern Europe, from the Black Forest sou ...
between Sucidava ( Corabia,
Romania Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, Moldova to ...
) and Oescus ( Gigen,
Bulgaria Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern portion of the Balkans directly south of the Danube river and west of the Black Sea. Bulgaria is bordered by Greece and Turkey t ...
) by the Roman architect Theophilus Patricius. * 1316 – The Burgundian and Majorcan claimants of the Principality of Achaea meet in the Battle of Manolada. * 1584 – The Maronite College is established in
Rome Rome (Italian language, Italian and , ) is the capital city and most populated (municipality) of Italy. It is also the administrative centre of the Lazio Regions of Italy, region and of the Metropolitan City of Rome. A special named with 2, ...
. * 1594Portuguese forces under the command of Pedro Lopes de Sousa begin an unsuccessful invasion of the Kingdom of Kandy during the Campaign of Danture in
Sri Lanka Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, also known historically as Ceylon, is an island country in South Asia. It lies in the Indian Ocean, southwest of the Bay of Bengal, separated from the Indian subcontinent, ...
.


1601–1900

* 1610John Guy sets sail from
Bristol Bristol () is a City status in the United Kingdom, cathedral city, unitary authority area and ceremonial county in South West England, the most populous city in the region. Built around the River Avon, Bristol, River Avon, it is bordered by t ...
with 39 other
colonists A settler or a colonist is a person who establishes or joins a permanent presence that is separate to existing communities. The entity that a settler establishes is a settlement. A settler is called a pioneer if they are among the first settli ...
for
Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador is the easternmost province of Canada, in the country's Atlantic region. The province comprises the island of Newfoundland and the continental region of Labrador, having a total size of . As of 2025 the population ...
. * 1687
Isaac Newton Sir Isaac Newton () was an English polymath active as a mathematician, physicist, astronomer, alchemist, theologian, and author. Newton was a key figure in the Scientific Revolution and the Age of Enlightenment, Enlightenment that followed ...
publishes '' Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica''. * 1770 – The Battle of Chesma between the
Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughl ...
and the
Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Centr ...
begins. * 1775 – The Second Continental Congress adopts the Olive Branch Petition. * 1803 – The Convention of Artlenburg is signed, leading to the French occupation of the
Electorate of Hanover The Electorate of Hanover ( or simply ''Kurhannover'') was an Prince-elector, electorate of the Holy Roman Empire located in northwestern Germany that arose from the Principality of Calenberg. Although formally known as the Electorate of Brun ...
(which had been ruled by the British king). * 1807 – In
Buenos Aires Buenos Aires, controlled by the government of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Argentina. It is located on the southwest of the Río de la Plata. Buenos Aires is classified as an Alpha− glob ...
the local militias repel the British soldiers within the Second English Invasion. * 1809 – The Battle of Wagram between the French and
Austrian Empire The Austrian Empire, officially known as the Empire of Austria, was a Multinational state, multinational European Great Powers, great power from 1804 to 1867, created by proclamation out of the Habsburg monarchy, realms of the Habsburgs. Duri ...
s begins. * 1811 – The Venezuelan Declaration of Independence is adopted by a congress of the provinces. * 1813War of 1812: Three weeks of British raids on Fort Schlosser, Black Rock and
Plattsburgh, New York Plattsburgh is a city in and the county seat of Clinton County, New York, United States, situated on the north-western shore of Lake Champlain. The population was 19,841 at the United States Census, 2020, 2020 census. The population of the sur ...
commence. * 1814 – War of 1812: Battle of Chippawa: American Major General Jacob Brown defeats British General Phineas Riall at Chippawa, Ontario. * 1833Lê Văn Khôi along with 27 soldiers stage a mutiny taking over the Phiên An citadel, developing into the Lê Văn Khôi revolt against Emperor Minh Mạng. * 1833 –
Admiral Admiral is one of the highest ranks in many navies. In the Commonwealth nations and the United States, a "full" admiral is equivalent to a "full" general in the army or the air force. Admiral is ranked above vice admiral and below admiral of ...
Charles Napier vanquishes the navy of the Portuguese usurper Dom Miguel at the third Battle of Cape St. Vincent. * 1841Thomas Cook organises the first package excursion, from
Leicester Leicester ( ) is a city status in the United Kingdom, city, Unitary authorities of England, unitary authority area, and the county town of Leicestershire in the East Midlands of England. It is the largest city in the East Midlands with a popula ...
to Loughborough. * 1852Frederick Douglass delivers his " What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?" speech in
Rochester, New York Rochester is a city in and the county seat, seat of government of Monroe County, New York, United States. It is the List of municipalities in New York, fourth-most populous city and 10th most-populated municipality in New York, with a populati ...
. * 1859 – The United States discovers and claims Midway Atoll. * 1865 – The United States Secret Service begins operation. * 1884
Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...
takes possession of
Cameroon Cameroon, officially the Republic of Cameroon, is a country in Central Africa. It shares boundaries with Nigeria to the west and north, Chad to the northeast, the Central African Republic to the east, and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the R ...
.


1901–present

* 1915 – The Liberty Bell leaves Philadelphia by special train on its way to the Panama–Pacific International Exposition. This is the last trip outside
Philadelphia Philadelphia ( ), colloquially referred to as Philly, is the List of municipalities in Pennsylvania, most populous city in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania and the List of United States cities by population, sixth-most populous city in the Unit ...
that the custodians of the bell intend to permit. * 1934 – " Bloody Thursday": The
police The police are Law enforcement organization, a constituted body of Law enforcement officer, people empowered by a State (polity), state with the aim of Law enforcement, enforcing the law and protecting the Public order policing, public order ...
open fire on striking longshoremen in
San Francisco San Francisco, officially the City and County of San Francisco, is a commercial, Financial District, San Francisco, financial, and Culture of San Francisco, cultural center of Northern California. With a population of 827,526 residents as of ...
. *
1935 Events January * January 7 – Italian premier Benito Mussolini and French Foreign Minister Pierre Laval conclude an agreement, in which each power agrees not to oppose the other's colonial claims. * January 12 – Amelia Earhart ...
– The
National Labor Relations Act The National Labor Relations Act of 1935, also known as the Wagner Act, is a foundational statute of United States labor law that guarantees the right of private sector employees to organize into trade unions, engage in collective bargaining, an ...
, which governs labor relations in the United States, is signed into law by President
Franklin D. Roosevelt Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882April 12, 1945), also known as FDR, was the 32nd president of the United States, serving from 1933 until his death in 1945. He is the longest-serving U.S. president, and the only one to have served ...
. * 1937
Spam Spam most often refers to: * Spam (food), a consumer brand product of canned processed pork of the Hormel Foods Corporation * Spamming, unsolicited or undesired electronic messages ** Email spam, unsolicited, undesired, or illegal email messages ...
, the luncheon meat, is introduced into the market by the Hormel Foods Corporation. * 1940
World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
: Foreign relations of Vichy France are severed with the United Kingdom. * 1941 – World War II:
Operation Barbarossa Operation Barbarossa was the invasion of the Soviet Union by Nazi Germany and several of its European Axis allies starting on Sunday, 22 June 1941, during World War II. More than 3.8 million Axis troops invaded the western Soviet Union along ...
: German troops reach the Dnieper river. *
1943 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured. * January 4 ...
– World War II: An Allied invasion fleet sails for
Sicily Sicily (Italian language, Italian and ), officially the Sicilian Region (), is an island in the central Mediterranean Sea, south of the Italian Peninsula in continental Europe and is one of the 20 regions of Italy, regions of Italy. With 4. ...
( Operation Husky, July 10, 1943). * 1943 – World War II: German forces begin a massive offensive against the
Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...
at the Battle of Kursk, also known as Operation Citadel. * 1945 – The
United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...
holds its first general election in 10 years, which would be won by
Clement Attlee Clement Richard Attlee, 1st Earl Attlee (3 January 18838 October 1967) was a British statesman who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1945 to 1951 and Leader of the Labour Party (UK), Leader of the Labour Party from 1935 to 1955. At ...
's Labour Party. *
1946 1946 (Roman numerals, MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1946th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 946th year of the 2nd millennium, the 46th year of the 20th centur ...
Micheline Bernardini models the first modern bikini at a swimming pool in Paris. *
1948 Events January * January 1 ** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated. ** The current Constitutions of Constitution of Italy, Italy and of Constitution of New Jersey, New Jersey (both later subject to amendment) ...
National Health Service The National Health Service (NHS) is the term for the publicly funded health care, publicly funded healthcare systems of the United Kingdom: the National Health Service (England), NHS Scotland, NHS Wales, and Health and Social Care (Northern ...
Acts create the national public health system in the United Kingdom. *
1950 Events January * January 1 – The International Police Association (IPA) – the largest police organization in the world – is formed. * January 5 – 1950 Sverdlovsk plane crash, Sverdlovsk plane crash: ''Aeroflot'' Lisunov Li-2 ...
Korean War The Korean War (25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953) was an armed conflict on the Korean Peninsula fought between North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea; DPRK) and South Korea (Republic of Korea; ROK) and their allies. North Korea was s ...
: Task Force Smith: American and
North Korea North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the northern half of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and borders China and Russia to the north at the Yalu River, Yalu (Amnok) an ...
n forces first clash, in the Battle of Osan. * 1950 – The Knesset of
Israel Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Isr ...
passes the Law of Return which grants all Jews the right to immigrate to the Land of Israel. * 1954 – The
BBC The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, England. Originally established in 1922 as the British Broadcasting Company, it evolved into its current sta ...
broadcasts its first daily television news bulletin. * 1954 –
Elvis Presley Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977) was an American singer and actor. Referred to as the "King of Rock and Roll", he is regarded as Cultural impact of Elvis Presley, one of the most significant cultural figures of the ...
records his first single, " That's All Right", at Sun Records in
Memphis, Tennessee Memphis is a city in Shelby County, Tennessee, United States, and its county seat. Situated along the Mississippi River, it had a population of 633,104 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, making it the List of municipalities in Tenne ...
. *
1962 The year saw the Cuban Missile Crisis, which is often considered the closest the world came to a Nuclear warfare, nuclear confrontation during the Cold War. Events January * January 1 – Samoa, Western Samoa becomes independent from Ne ...
– The official
independence Independence is a condition of a nation, country, or state, in which residents and population, or some portion thereof, exercise self-government, and usually sovereignty, over its territory. The opposite of independence is the status of ...
of
Algeria Algeria, officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It is bordered to Algeria–Tunisia border, the northeast by Tunisia; to Algeria–Libya border, the east by Libya; to Alger ...
is proclaimed after an eight-year-long war with
France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...
. * 1970Air Canada Flight 621 crashes in Brampton,
Ontario Ontario is the southernmost Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada. Located in Central Canada, Ontario is the Population of Canada by province and territory, country's most populous province. As of the 2021 Canadian census, it ...
,
Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its Provinces and territories of Canada, ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, making it the world's List of coun ...
, killing all 109 people on board. *
1971 * The year 1971 had three partial solar eclipses (Solar eclipse of February 25, 1971, February 25, Solar eclipse of July 22, 1971, July 22 and Solar eclipse of August 20, 1971, August 20) and two total lunar eclipses (February 1971 lunar eclip ...
– The Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution, lowering the voting age from 21 to 18 years, is formally certified by President
Richard Nixon Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 until Resignation of Richard Nixon, his resignation in 1974. A member of the Republican Party (United States), Republican ...
. *
1973 Events January * January 1 – The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark 1973 enlargement of the European Communities, enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union. * January 14 - The 16-0 19 ...
– A boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion (BLEVE) in Kingman, Arizona, following a fire that broke out as propane was being transferred from a railroad car to a storage tank, kills eleven firefighters. * 1973 – Juvénal Habyarimana seizes power over
Rwanda Rwanda, officially the Republic of Rwanda, is a landlocked country in the Great Rift Valley of East Africa, where the African Great Lakes region and Southeast Africa converge. Located a few degrees south of the Equator, Rwanda is bordered by ...
in a coup d'état. *
1975 It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe. Events January * January 1 – Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
Arthur Ashe becomes the first black man to win the The Championships, Wimbledon, Wimbledon singles title. * 1975 – Cape Verde gains its independence from Portugal. *1977 – The Pakistan Armed Forces under Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq seize power in Operation Fair Play and begin 11 years of martial law. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, the first elected Prime Minister of Pakistan, is overthrown. *1980 – Swedish tennis player Björn Borg wins his fifth Wimbledon final and becomes the first male tennis player to win the championships five times in a row (1976–1980). *1984 – The United States Supreme Court gives its ''United States v. Leon'' decision providing a good-faith exception from the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution, Fourth Amendment exclusionary rule against use of evidence obtained through defective warrants in criminal trials. *1987 – Sri Lankan civil war, Sri Lankan Civil War: The LTTE uses suicide attacks on the Sri Lankan Army for the first time. The Black Tigers are born and, in the following years, will continue to kill with the tactic. *1989 – Iran–Contra affair: Oliver North is sentenced by U.S. District Judge Gerhard A. Gesell to a three-year suspended prison term, two years probation, $150,000 in fines and 1,200 hours community service. His convictions are later overturned. *1994 – Jeff Bezos founds Amazon (company), Amazon. *1995 – Armenia adopts its Constitution of Armenia, constitution, four years after its independence from the
Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...
. *1996 – Dolly the sheep becomes the first mammal cloned from an adult cell. *1997 – Sri Lankan civil war, Sri Lankan Civil War: Sri Lankan Tamil MP A. Thangathurai is shot dead at Sri Shanmuga Hindu Ladies College in Trincomalee. *1999 – U.S. President Bill Clinton imposes trade and economic United Nations Security Council Resolution 1267, sanctions against the Taliban regime in Afghanistan. *2003 – The World Health Organization announces that the 2002–2004 SARS outbreak has been contained. *2004 – The first Direct election, direct Indonesian presidential election, 2004, Indonesian presidential election is held. *2006 –
North Korea North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the northern half of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and borders China and Russia to the north at the Yalu River, Yalu (Amnok) an ...
2006 North Korean missile test, tests four short-range missiles, one medium-range missile and a long-range Taepodong-2. The long-range Taepodong-2 reportedly fails in mid-air over the Sea of Japan. *2009 – A series of violent riots July 2009 Ürümqi riots, break out in Ürümqi, the capital city of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in China. * 2009 – The largest hoard of Anglo-Saxon gold ever discovered in Britain, consisting of more than 1,500 items, Staffordshire Hoard, is found near the village of Hammerwich, near Lichfield, Staffordshire. *2012 – The Shard in London is inaugurated as the List of tallest buildings in Europe, tallest building in Europe, with a height of 310 metres (1,020 ft). *2016 – The Juno (spacecraft), Juno space probe arrives at Jupiter and begins a 20-month survey of the planet. *2022 – British government ministers Sajid Javid and Rishi Sunak resign from the second Johnson ministry, beginning the July 2022 United Kingdom government crisis. *2024 – Keir Starmer is appointed Prime Minister by Charles III, becoming the first Labour prime minister since Gordon Brown in 2010 and the first one to win a general election since Tony Blair at the 2005 United Kingdom general election, 2005 general election


Births


Pre-1600

* 465 – Ahkal Moʼ Nahb I, Mayan ruler (died 524) * 980 – Mokjong of Goryeo, Korean king (died 1009) *1029 – Al-Mustansir Billah, Fatimid caliph (died 1094) *1321 – Joan of the Tower, English consort of David II of Scotland (died 1362) *1466 – Giovanni Sforza, Italian nobleman (died 1510) *1547 – Garzia de' Medici, Tuscan son of Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (died 1562) *1549 – Francesco Maria del Monte, Italian cardinal and art collector (died 1627) *1554 – Elisabeth of Austria, Queen of France, Elisabeth of Austria, French queen (died 1592) *1580 – Carlo Contarini, doge of Venice (died 1656) *1586 – Thomas Hooker, English-born founder of the Colony of Connecticut (died 1647) *1593 – Achille d'Étampes de Valençay, French military leader (died 1646)


1601–1900

*1653 – Thomas Pitt, English businessman and politician (died 1726) *1670 – Dorothea Sophie of Neuburg, countess palatine (died 1748) *1675 – Mary Walcott, American accuser and witness at the Salem witch trials (died 1719) *1709 – Étienne de Silhouette, French translator and politician, Controller-General of Finances (died 1767) *1717 – Peter III of Portugal, Peter III, Portuguese king (died 1786) *1718 – Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (died 1794) *1745 – Carl Arnold Kortum, German physician and poet (died 1824) *1755 – Sarah Siddons, English actress (died 1831) *1780 – François Carlo Antommarchi, French physician (died 1838) *1781 – Stamford Raffles, English politician, founded Singapore (died 1826) *1793 – Pavel Pestel, Russian officer (died 1826) *1794 – Sylvester Graham, American minister and activist (died 1851) *1801 – David Farragut, American admiral (died 1870) *1802 – Pavel Nakhimov, Russian admiral (died 1855) * 1803 – George Borrow, British writer (died 1881) *1805 – Robert FitzRoy, English captain, meteorologist, and politician, 2nd Governor of New Zealand (died 1865) *1810 – P. T. Barnum, American businessman, co-founded Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus (died 1891) *1820 – William John Macquorn Rankine, Scottish physicist, mathematician, and engineer (died 1872) *1829 – Ignacio Mariscal, Mexican politician and diplomat, Secretary of Foreign Affairs (Mexico), Secretary of Foreign Affairs for Mexico (died 1910) *1832 – Pavel Chistyakov, Russian painter and educator (died 1919) * 1841 – William Collins Whitney, American financier and politician, 31st United States Secretary of the Navy (died 1904) *1849 – William Thomas Stead, English journalist (died 1912) *1853 – Cecil Rhodes, English-South African businessman and politician, 6th Prime Minister of the Cape Colony (died 1902) *1857 – Clara Zetkin, German theorist and activist (died 1933) * 1857 – Julien Tiersot, French musicologist and composer (died 1936) *1860 – Robert Bacon, American colonel and politician, 39th United States Secretary of State (died 1919) * 1860 – Mathieu Jaboulay, French surgeon (died 1913) *1862 – George Nuttall, American-British bacteriologist (died 1937) * 1862 – Horatio Caro, English chess master (died 1920) *1864 – Stephan Krehl, German composer (died 1924) *1867 – A. E. Douglass, American astronomer (died 1962) *1872 – Édouard Herriot, French lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of France (died 1957) *1874 – Eugen Fischer, German physician and academic (died 1967) *1879 – Dwight F. Davis, American tennis player and politician, 49th United States Secretary of War (died 1945) * 1879 – Wanda Landowska, Polish-French harpsichord player and educator (died 1959) *1880 – Jan Kubelík, Czech violinist and composer (died 1940) * 1880 – Constantin Tănase, Romanian actor and playwright (died 1945) *1882 – Inayat Khan, Indian mystic and educator (died 1927) *1883 – Gustave Lanctot, Canadian historian, author, and academic (died 1975) * 1884 – Enrico Dante, Italian cardinal (died 1967) *1885 – Blas Infante, Spanish historian and politician (died 1936) * 1885 – André Lhote, French sculptor and painter (died 1962) *1886 – Willem Drees, Dutch politician and historian, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1948–1958) (died 1988) * 1886 – Prince John Konstantinovich of Russia (died 1918) *1888 – Herbert Spencer Gasser, American physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1963) * 1888 – Louise Freeland Jenkins, American astronomer and academic (died 1970) *1889 – Jean Cocteau, French novelist, poet, and playwright (died 1963) *1890 – Frederick Lewis Allen, American historian and journalist (died 1954) *1891 – John Howard Northrop, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1987) * 1891 – Tin Ujević, Croatian poet and translator (died 1955) *1893 – Anthony Berkeley Cox, English writer (died 1971) * 1893 – Giuseppe Caselli, Italian painter (died 1976) *1894 – Ants Lauter, Estonian actor and director (died 1973) *1896 – Thomas Playford IV, Australian politician, 33rd Premier of South Australia (died 1981) *1898 – Georgios Grivas, Greek general (died 1974) *1899 – Marcel Achard, French playwright, screenwriter, and author (died 1974) *1900 – Yoshimaro Yamashina, Japanese ornithologist, founded the Yamashina Institute for Ornithology (died 1989) * 1900 – Bernardus Johannes Alfrink, Dutch cardinal (died 1987)


1901–present

*1901 – Julio Libonatti, Italian-Argentinian footballer (died 1981) *1902 – Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., American colonel and politician, 3rd United States Ambassador to the United Nations (died 1985) *1904 – Harold Acton, English scholar and author (died 1994) * 1904 – Ernst Mayr, German-American biologist and ornithologist (died 2005) * 1904 – Milburn Stone, American actor (died 1980) *1905 – Madeleine Sylvain-Bouchereau, Haitian sociologist and educator (died 1970) *1908 – Henri, Count of Paris (1908–1999), Henri of Orléans, (died 1999) * 1908 – Lyman S. Ayres II, American businessman (died 1996) *1910 – Georges Vedel, French lawyer and academic (died 2002) *1911 – Endel Aruja, Estonian-Canadian physicist and academic (died 2008) * 1911 – Haydn Bunton, Sr., Australian footballer and coach (died 1955) * 1911 – Giorgio Borġ Olivier, Maltese lawyer and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Malta (died 1980) * 1911 – Georges Pompidou, French banker and politician, 19th President of France (died 1974) *1913 – George Costakis, Russian art collector (died 1990) * 1913 – Smiley Lewis, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1966) *1914 – John Thomas Dunlop, American administrator and labor scholar (died 2003) *1914 – Annie Fischer, Hungarian pianist and composer (died 1995) * 1915 – Babe Paley, American socialite (died 1978) * 1915 – John Woodruff (athlete), John Woodruff, American runner and commander (died 2007) * 1915 – Al Timothy, Trinidadian musician and songwriter (died 2000) *1916 – Lívia Rév, Hungarian classical pianist (died 2018) * 1916 – Ivor Powell, Welsh footballer (died 2012) *1918 – K. Karunakaran, Indian lawyer and politician, 7th Chief Minister of Kerala (died 2010) * 1918 – Brian James (actor), Brian James, Australian actor (died 2009) * 1918 – Zakaria Mohieddin, Egyptian general and politician, 33rd Prime Minister of Egypt (died 2012) * 1918 – George Rochberg, American composer and educator (died 2005) *1921 – Viktor Kulikov, Russian marshal (died 2013) * 1921 – Nanos Valaoritis, Greek author, poet, and playwright (died 2019) *1923 – George Moore (jockey), George Moore, Australian jockey (died 2008) * 1923 – Mitsuye Yamada, Japanese American activist *1924 – János Starker, Hungarian-American cellist and educator (died 2013) * 1924 – Edward Cassidy, Australian Roman Catholic cardinal priest (died 2021) *1925 – Fernando de Szyszlo, Peruvian painter and sculptor (died 2017) * 1925 – Jean Raspail, French author and explorer (died 2020) *1926 – Diana Lynn, American actress (died 1971) *1928 – Pierre Mauroy, French educator and politician, Prime Minister of France (died 2013) * 1928 – Warren Oates, American actor (died 1982) *1929 – Jimmy Carruthers, Australian boxer (died 1990) * 1929 – Katherine Helmond, American actress and director (died 2019) * 1929 – Tony Lock, English cricketer (died 1995) * 1929 – Jovan Rašković, Serbian psychiatrist, academic, and politician (died 1992) * 1929 – Jiří Reynek, Czech poet and graphic artist (died 2014) *1931 – Ismail Mahomed, South African lawyer and politician, 17th Chief Justice of South Africa (died 2000) *1932 – Gyula Horn, Hungarian politician, 37th Prime Minister of Hungary (died 2013) *1933 – Paul-Gilbert Langevin, French musicologist, critic and physicist (died 1986) *
1935 Events January * January 7 – Italian premier Benito Mussolini and French Foreign Minister Pierre Laval conclude an agreement, in which each power agrees not to oppose the other's colonial claims. * January 12 – Amelia Earhart ...
– John Schoenherr, American illustrator (died 2010) *1936 – Shirley Knight, American actress (died 2020) * 1936 – James Mirrlees, Scottish economist and academic, Nobel Prize in Economics, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2018) * 1937 – Nita Lowey, American politician (born 1937) *1938 – Ronnie Self, American singer-songwriter (died 1981) * 1940 – Chuck Close, American painter and photographer (died 2021) * 1941 – Epeli Nailatikau, Fijian Ratu, chief, President of Fiji *1942 – Matthias Bamert, Swiss composer and conductor * 1942 – Hannes Löhr, German footballer, coach, and manager (died 2016) *
1943 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured. * January 4 ...
– Curt Blefary, American baseball player and coach (died 2001) * 1943 – Mark Cox (tennis), Mark Cox, English tennis player, coach and sportscaster * 1943 – Robbie Robertson, Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and actor (died 2023) *1944 – Leni Björklund, Swedish politician, 28th Minister for Defence (Sweden), Swedish Minister of Defence for Sweden * 1945 – Michael Blake (author), Michael Blake, American author and screenwriter (died 2015) * 1945 – Humberto Benítez Treviño, Mexican lawyer and politician, Attorney General of Mexico *
1946 1946 (Roman numerals, MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1946th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 946th year of the 2nd millennium, the 46th year of the 20th centur ...
– Pierre-Marc Johnson, Canadian lawyer, physician, and politician, 24th Premier of Quebec * 1946 – Paul Smith (fashion designer), Paul Smith, English fashion designer * 1946 – Gerard 't Hooft, Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate * 1946 – Vladimir Mikhailovich Zakharov, Russian dancer and choreographer (died 2013) *1949 – Ludwig G. Strauss, German physician and academic (died 2013) * 1949 – Jill Murphy,British children's author (died 2021) *
1950 Events January * January 1 – The International Police Association (IPA) – the largest police organization in the world – is formed. * January 5 – 1950 Sverdlovsk plane crash, Sverdlovsk plane crash: ''Aeroflot'' Lisunov Li-2 ...
– Carlos Caszely, Chilean footballer * 1950 – Huey Lewis, American singer-songwriter and actor *1951 – Goose Gossage, American baseball player *1953 – David Morrow (commentator), David Morrow, Australian radio host and sportscaster (died 2024) * 1953 – Caryn Navy, American mathematician and computer scientist * 1954 – Jimmy Crespo, American guitarist and songwriter * 1954 – John Wright (cricketer, born 1954), John Wright, New Zealand cricketer and coach *1955 – Tony Hadley (footballer), Tony Hadley, English footballer * 1955 – Peter McNamara, Australian tennis player and coach (died 2019) *1956 – Horacio Cartes, Paraguayan businessman and politician, President of Paraguay * 1956 – James Lofton, American football player and coach *1957 – Carlo Thränhardt, German high jumper * 1957 – Doug Wilson (ice hockey), Doug Wilson, Canadian-American ice hockey player and manager *1958 – Veronica Guerin, Irish journalist (died 1996) * 1958 – Bill Watterson, American author and illustrator *1959 – Marc Cohn, American singer-songwriter and keyboard player *
1962 The year saw the Cuban Missile Crisis, which is often considered the closest the world came to a Nuclear warfare, nuclear confrontation during the Cold War. Events January * January 1 – Samoa, Western Samoa becomes independent from Ne ...
– Sarina Hülsenbeck, German swimmer *1963 – Edie Falco, American actress *1964 – Ronald D. Moore, American screenwriter and producer *1966 – Susannah Doyle, English actress, director, and playwright * 1966 – Gianfranco Zola, Italian footballer and coach *1967 – Mustafa Al-Kadhimi, Iraqi politician, 80th Prime Minister of Iraq *1968 – Ken Akamatsu, Japanese illustrator * 1968 – Kenji Ito, Japanese pianist and composer * 1968 – Nardwuar, Canadian celebrity journalist and musician * 1968 – Hedi Slimane, French fashion designer and photographer * 1968 – Alex Zülle, Swiss cyclist * 1968 – Susan Wojcicki, Polish-American technology executive (died 2024) *1969 – Jenji Kohan, American screenwriter and producer * 1969 – John LeClair, American ice hockey player * 1969 – RZA, American rapper, producer, actor, and director * 1970 – Mac Dre, American rapper and producer, founded Thizz Entertainment (died 2004) * 1970 – Valentí Massana, Spanish race walker *
1971 * The year 1971 had three partial solar eclipses (Solar eclipse of February 25, 1971, February 25, Solar eclipse of July 22, 1971, July 22 and Solar eclipse of August 20, 1971, August 20) and two total lunar eclipses (February 1971 lunar eclip ...
– Derek McInnes, Scottish footballer and manager *1972 – Matthew Birir, Kenyan runner * 1972 – Robert Esmie, Canadian sprinter * 1972 – Gary Shteyngart, American writer *
1973 Events January * January 1 – The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark 1973 enlargement of the European Communities, enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union. * January 14 - The 16-0 19 ...
– Marcus Allbäck, Swedish footballer and coach * 1973 – Bengt Lagerberg, Swedish drummer * 1973 – Róisín Murphy, Irish singer-songwriter and producer *1974 – Márcio Amoroso, Brazilian footballer * 1974 – Sarah Taylor (squash player), Sarah Taylor, Jersey squash player *
1975 It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe. Events January * January 1 – Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
– Hernán Crespo, Argentinian footballer and coach * 1975 – Ai Sugiyama, Japanese tennis player *1976 – Bizarre (rapper), Bizarre, American rapper * 1976 – Nuno Gomes, Portuguese footballer *1977 – Nicolas Kiefer, German tennis player *1978 – Britta Oppelt, German rower * 1978 – Allan Simonsen (racing driver), Allan Simonsen, Danish race car driver (died 2013) * 1978 – İsmail YK, German-Turkish singer-songwriter *1979 – Shane Filan, Irish singer-songwriter * 1979 – Amélie Mauresmo, French-Swiss tennis player * 1979 – Stiliyan Petrov, Bulgarian footballer and manager *1980 – Pauly D, American television personality * 1980 – David Rozehnal, Czech footballer * 1980 – Mads Tolling, Danish-American violinist and composer *1982 – Fabrício de Souza, Brazilian footballer * 1982 – Alexander Dimitrenko, Ukrainian-German boxer * 1982 – Alberto Gilardino, Italian footballer * 1982 – Philippe Gilbert, Belgian cyclist * 1982 – Kate Gynther, Australian water polo player * 1982 – Dave Haywood, American singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1982 – Paíto, Mozambican footballer * 1982 – Szabolcs Perenyi, Romanian-Hungarian footballer * 1982 – Beno Udrih, Slovenian basketball player * 1982 – Tuba Büyüküstün, Turkish actress * 1982 – Junri Namigata, Japanese tennis player *1983 – Marco Estrada (baseball), Marco Estrada, Mexican baseball player * 1983 – Jonás Gutiérrez, Argentinian footballer * 1983 – Zheng Jie, Chinese tennis player * 1983 – Taavi Peetre, Estonian shot putter (died 2010) *1984 – Danay Garcia, Cuban actress * 1984 – Zack Miller, American golfer *1985 – Alexandre R. Picard, Canadian ice hockey player * 1985 – Megan Rapinoe, American soccer player *1986 – Iurii Cheban, Ukrainian canoe sprinter * 1986 – Piermario Morosini, Italian footballer (died 2012) * 1986 – Alexander Radulov, Russian ice hockey player *1987 – Ji Chang-wook, South Korean actor * 1987 – Safiq Rahim, Malaysian footballer * 1987 – Alexander Kristoff, Norwegian cyclist *1988 – Samir Ujkani, Albanian footballer *1989 – Adam Cole, American wrestler * 1989 – Georgios Efrem, Cypriot footballer *1990 – Abeba Aregawi, Ethiopian-Swedish runner *1992 – Alberto Moreno, Spanish footballer * 1992 – Chiara Scholl, American tennis player *1993 – Yaroslav Kosov, Russian ice hockey player * 1993 – Jorge Polanco, Dominican baseball player *1994 – Jeon Jong-seo, South Korean actress * 1994 – Shohei Ohtani, Japanese baseball player *1996 – Aamir Jamal, Pakistani cricketer *1998 – Emily Fox, American soccer player *1999 – Suzan Lamens, Dutch tennis player * 1999 – Kang Hye-won, South Korean actress and singer


Deaths


Pre-1600

* 905 – Cui Yuan (died 905), Cui Yuan, Chinese Chancellor of the Tang dynasty, chancellor * 905 – Dugu Sun, Chinese chancellor * 905 – Lu Yi (Tang dynasty), Lu Yi, Chinese chancellor (born 847) * 905 – Pei Shu, Chinese chancellor (born 841) * 905 – Wang Pu (Tang dynasty), Wang Pu, Chinese chancellor * 936 – Xu Ji, Chinese official and chancellor * 967 – Emperor Murakami, Murakami, Japanese emperor (born 926) *1080 – Ísleifur Gissurarson, Icelandic bishop (born 1006) *1091 – William of Hirsau, German abbot * 1316 – Ferdinand of Majorca, Ferdinand, prince of Majorca (born 1278) *1375 – Charles III, Count of Alençon, Charles III, French nobleman (born 1337) *1413 – Musa Çelebi, Ottoman prince and co-ruler *1507 – Crinitus, Italian scholar and academic (born 1475) *1539 – Anthony Maria Zaccaria, Italian saint (born 1502)


1601–1900

*1661 – Sir Hugh Speke, 1st Baronet *1666 – Albert VI, Duke of Bavaria, Albert VI, German nobleman (born 1584) *1676 – Carl Gustaf Wrangel, Swedish field marshal and politician (born 1613) *1715 – Charles Ancillon, French jurist and diplomat (born 1659) *1719 – Meinhardt Schomberg, 3rd Duke of Schomberg, German-English general (born 1641) *1773 – Francisco José Freire, Portuguese historian and philologist (born 1719) *1819 – William Cornwallis, English admiral and politician (born 1744) *1826 – Stamford Raffles, English politician, founded Singapore (born 1782) * 1833 – Nicéphore Niépce, French inventor, created the first known View from the Window at Le Gras, photograph (born 1765) * 1859 – Charles Cagniard de la Tour, French physicist and engineer (born 1777) *1862 – Heinrich Georg Bronn, German geologist and paleontologist (born 1800) *1863 – Lewis Armistead, Confederate general (born 1817) * 1884 – Victor Massé, French composer (born 1822)


1901–present

*1908 – Jonas Lie (writer), Jonas Lie, Norwegian author, poet, and playwright (born 1833) *1920 – Max Klinger, German painter and sculptor (born 1857) *1927 – Albrecht Kossel, German physician and academic, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1853) *1929 – Henry Johnson (World War I soldier), Henry Johnson, American sergeant (born 1897) *1932 – Sasha Chorny, Russian poet and author (born 1880) *
1935 Events January * January 7 – Italian premier Benito Mussolini and French Foreign Minister Pierre Laval conclude an agreement, in which each power agrees not to oppose the other's colonial claims. * January 12 – Amelia Earhart ...
– Bernard de Pourtalès, Swiss captain and sailor (born 1870) * 1937 – Daniel Sawyer, American golfer (born 1884) *
1943 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured. * January 4 ...
– Kazimierz Junosza-Stępowski, Polish actor (born 1880) * 1943 – Karin Swanström, Swedish actress, director, and producer (born 1873) * 1945 – John Curtin, Australian journalist and politician, 14th Prime Minister of Australia (born 1885) *
1948 Events January * January 1 ** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated. ** The current Constitutions of Constitution of Italy, Italy and of Constitution of New Jersey, New Jersey (both later subject to amendment) ...
– Georges Bernanos, French soldier and author (born 1888) * 1948 – Carole Landis, American actress (born 1919) * 1948 – Piet Aalberse, Dutch politician (born 1871) *1957 – Anugrah Narayan Sinha, Indian lawyer and politician, 1st Deputy Chief Minister of Bihar (born 1887) *1965 – Porfirio Rubirosa, Dominican race car driver, polo player, and diplomat (born 1909) *1966 – George de Hevesy, Hungarian-German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1885) *1969 – Wilhelm Backhaus, German pianist and educator (born 1884) * 1969 – Walter Gropius, German architect, designed the John F. Kennedy Federal Building and Werkbund Exhibition (1914), Werkbund Exhibition (born 1883) * 1969 – Tom Mboya, Kenyan politician, 1st Minister of Justice (Kenya), Kenyan Minister of Justice (born 1930) * 1969 – Leo McCarey, American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1898) *
1975 It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe. Events January * January 1 – Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
– Gilda dalla Rizza, Italian soprano and actress (born 1892) *1976 – Walter Giesler, American soccer player and referee (born 1910) *1983 – Harry James, American trumpet player and actor (born 1916) *1984 – Chic Murray (politician), Chic Murray, Canadian politician, 2nd Mayor of Mississauga (born 1914) *1991 – Howard Nemerov, American poet and essayist (born 1920) *1995 – Jüri Järvet, Estonian actor and screenwriter (born 1919) *1997 – A. Thangathurai, Sri Lankan Tamil lawyer and politician (born 1936) *1998 – Sid Luckman, American football player (born 1916) *2002 – Katy Jurado, Mexican actress (born 1924) * 2002 – Ted Williams, American baseball player and manager (born 1918) *2004 – Hugh Shearer, Jamaican journalist and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Jamaica (born 1923) * 2004 – Rodger Ward, American race car driver and sportscaster (born 1921) *2005 – James Stockdale, American admiral (born 1923) *2006 – Gert Fredriksson, Swedish canoe racer (born 1919) * 2006 – Thirunalloor Karunakaran, Indian poet and scholar (born 1924) * 2006 – Kenneth Lay, American businessman (born 1942) * 2006 – Amzie Strickland, American actress (born 1919) *2007 – Régine Crespin, French soprano (born 1927) * 2007 – George Melly, English singer-songwriter and critic (born 1926) *2008 – Hasan Doğan, Turkish businessman (born 1956) *2010 – Bob Probert, Canadian ice hockey player and radio host (born 1965) *2011 – Cy Twombly, American-Italian painter, sculptor, and photographer (born 1928) *2012 – Rob Goris, Belgian cyclist (born 1982) * 2012 – Gerrit Komrij, Dutch author, poet, and playwright (born 1944) * 2012 – Colin Marshall, Baron Marshall of Knightsbridge, English businessman and politician (born 1933) * 2012 – Ruud van Hemert, Dutch actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1938) *2013 – Bud Asher, American lawyer and politician (born 1925) * 2013 – David Cargo, American politician, 22nd Governor of New Mexico (born 1929) * 2013 – Lambert Jackson Woodburne, South African admiral (born 1939) *2014 – Rosemary Murphy, American actress (born 1925) * 2014 – Volodymyr Sabodan, Ukrainian metropolitan (born 1935) * 2014 – Hans-Ulrich Wehler, German historian and academic (born 1931) * 2014 – Brett Wiesner, American soccer player (born 1983) *2015 – Uffe Haagerup, Danish mathematician and academic (born 1949) * 2015 – Yoichiro Nambu, Japanese-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1921) *2020 – Nick Cordero, Canadian actor and singer (born 1978) *2021 – Raffaella Carrà, Italian singer, dancer, television presenter and actress (born 1943) * 2021 – Richard Donner, American film director (born 1930) *2024 – Jon Landau (film producer), Jon Landau, American film producer (born 1960) * 2024 – Bengt I. Samuelsson, Swedish biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1934) * 2024 – Vic Seixas, American tennis player (born 1923)


Holidays and observances

* Bloody Thursday (International Longshore and Warehouse Union) *Christian feast day: **Anthony Maria Zaccaria, priest (died 1539) **Cyril and Methodius (a public holiday in Czech Republic and Slovakia) **Wexford Martyrs (Roman Catholic Church) **Zoe of Rome (Roman Catholic Church) **July 5 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) *Constitution Day (Armenia) *Fifth of July (New York), historic celebration of the abolition of slavery in New York in 1827. *Independence Day (Algeria), celebrating the independence of Algeria from France in 1962. *Independence Day (Cape Verde), celebrating the independence of Cape Verde from Portugal in 1975. *Independence Day (Venezuela), celebrating the independence of Venezuela from Spain in 1811; also National Armed Forces Day. *Tynwald Day, if July 5 is on a weekend, the holiday is the following Monday. (Isle of Man)


References


External links

* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:July 05 Days of July