45th Infantry Regiment (PS)
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The 45th Infantry Regiment was a unit of the
Philippine Scouts The Philippine Scouts ( Filipino: ''Maghahanap ng Pilipinas''/''Hukbong Maghahanap ng Pilipinas'') was a military organization of the United States Army from 1901 until after the end of World War II. These troops were generally Filipinos and ...
in the Philippine Division.


History

The 45th, along with the 57th Infantry Regiment, were the first two infantry regiments of the
Philippine Scouts The Philippine Scouts ( Filipino: ''Maghahanap ng Pilipinas''/''Hukbong Maghahanap ng Pilipinas'') was a military organization of the United States Army from 1901 until after the end of World War II. These troops were generally Filipinos and ...
which were formed after
World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...
. Th regiment was stationed at
Camp Gordon Fort Gordon, formerly known as Fort Eisenhower and Camp Gordon, is a United States Army installation established southwest of Augusta, Georgia in October 1941. It is the current home of the United States Army Signal Corps, United States Army Cy ...
, Georgia, as of June 1919 as a separate regiment, and was transferred on 4 September 1919 to Camp Dix,
New Jersey New Jersey is a U.S. state, state located in both the Mid-Atlantic States, Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern United States, Northeastern regions of the United States. Located at the geographic hub of the urban area, heavily urbanized Northeas ...
. It was then transferred on 25 October 1920, less enlisted personnel and equipment, to
Fort Mason Fort Mason, in San Francisco, California is a former United States Army post located in the northern Marina District, alongside San Francisco Bay. Fort Mason served as an Army post for more than 100 years, initially as a coastal defense site a ...
,
California California () is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States that lies on the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. It borders Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and shares Mexico–United States border, an ...
, and sailed on 5 November 1920 to the Philippines with officer cadre, records, and colors, aboard the USAT ''Thomas''. It arrived 2 December 1920 at
Manila Manila, officially the City of Manila, is the Capital of the Philippines, capital and second-most populous city of the Philippines after Quezon City, with a population of 1,846,513 people in 2020. Located on the eastern shore of Manila Bay on ...
, and transferred to
Fort William McKinley Fort Andres Bonifacio (formerly Fort William McKinley) is the site of the national headquarters of the Philippine Army (Headquarters Philippine Army or HPA) located in Taguig, Philippines. The camp is named after Andres Bonifacio, the revolutio ...
the following day, where it was reorganized as a Philippine Scout regiment by the assignment of the personnel and equipment of the inactivated 1st Philippine Infantry Regiment (Provisional). The 1st Battalion (minus Companies A and B) concurrently transferred to Camp John Hay, while Companies A and B transferred to
Pettit Barracks Pettit Barracks was located in Zamboanga City (Mindanao, the Philippines The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, ...
. The regiment was assigned to the Philippine Division on 22 October 1921. The regiment was most well-known for its participation in the
Battle of the Philippines (1941-42) Battle of the Philippines may refer to several wars, military campaigns, and major battles which have been fought in the Philippine Islands, including: *Spanish conquest **Battle of Bangkusay Channel **1582 Cagayan battles **Tondo Conspiracy **Ba ...
during
World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
and their eventual surrender to Japanese forces on 10 April 1942. In 1946, the regiment, less the 1st Battalion activated as the 77th Infantry, was reorganized as the 45th Infantry, but was inactivated in 1948 and disbanded on 10 October 1951.


Distinctive unit insignia

* Description A Gold color metal and enamel device in height consisting of a shield blazoned: Azure in sinister chief an abaca tree (Manila hemp plant) Proper in base a mullet of the field fimbriated Argent, on a canton of the last the Roman numeral X of the first behind which paleways a Roman sword in sheath Gules (for the 10th Infantry). Attached above the shield from a wreath Argent and Azure a demi-lion Or grasping in his dexter paw a burning torch Argent, fire Proper. * Symbolism The Regiment was organized in 1917 at Fort Benjamin Harrison, Indiana, by transfer of personnel from the 10th Infantry. The shield is blue for the Infantry and the parentage of the Regiment is shown by the canton. The early station of the Regiment was the Philippines; this is indicated by the abaca tree which is a source of great wealth in the Islands and which grows native in no other place. The star in the base of the shield is the blue star of the old First Philippine Infantry. The crest of the Harrison family, General and President William Henry and General and President Benjamin Harrison, is a lion. This is also the upper body of the crest of the Philippines, a sea lion. The device of the State of Indiana is a torch. These are combined to form the crest of the Regiment. * Background The distinctive unit insignia was approved on 12 September 1923. It was rescinded on 19 August 1975.


Coat of arms

*Blazon ** Shield- Azure in sinister chief an abaca tree (Manila hemp plant) Proper in base a mullet of the field fimbriated Argent, on a canton of the last the Roman numeral X of the first behind which paleways a Roman sword in sheath Gules (for the 10th Infantry). **Crest- From a wreath Argent and Azure a demi-lion Or grasping in his dexter paw a burning torch Argent, fire Proper. **Motto STRONG TO ENDURE. * Symbolism ** Shield- The Regiment was organized in 1917 at Fort Benjamin Harrison, Indiana, by transfer of personnel from the 10th Infantry. The shield is blue for the Infantry and the parentage of the Regiment is shown by the canton. The early station of the Regiment was the Philippines; this is indicated by the abaca tree which is a source of great wealth in the Islands and which grows native in no other place. The star in the base of the shield is the blue star of the old First Philippine Infantry. ** Crest- The crest of the Harrison family, General and President William Henry and General and President Benjamin Harrison, is a lion. This is also the upper body of the crest of the Philippines, a sea lion. The device of the State of Indiana is a torch. These are combined to form the crest of the Regiment. * Background- The coat of arms was approved on 10 April 1922. It was rescinded on 19 August 1975.


See also

* Military History of the Philippines


References

* {{AIOH, url = http://www.tioh.hqda.pentagon.mil/Catalog/HeraldryMulti.aspx?CategoryId=7915&grp=2&menu=Uniformed%20Services, article = 45th Infantry Regiment


External links


Philippine Scouts Heritage Society
045 Military history of the Philippines American military personnel of Filipino descent