The 44th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the

United States Senate The United States Senate is a chamber of the Bicameralism, bicameral United States Congress; it is the upper house, with the United States House of Representatives, U.S. House of Representatives being the lower house. Together, the Senate and ...

and the

United States House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives is a chamber of the Bicameralism, bicameral United States Congress; it is the lower house, with the U.S. Senate being the upper house. Together, the House and Senate have the authority under Artic ...

. It met in

Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly known as Washington or D.C., is the capital city and federal district of the United States. The city is on the Potomac River, across from Virginia, and shares land borders with ...

from March 4, 1875, to March 4, 1877, during the seventh and eighth years of Ulysses S. Grant's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the

House of Representatives House of Representatives is the name of legislative bodies in many countries and sub-national entities. In many countries, the House of Representatives is the lower house of a bicameral legislature, with the corresponding upper house often ...

was based on the 1870 United States census. For the first time since the

American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861May 26, 1865; also known by Names of the American Civil War, other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union (American Civil War), Union ("the North") and the Confederate States of A ...

, the House had a Democratic majority. The Senate maintained a Republican majority.

Major events

* November 22, 1875: Vice President Henry Wilson died from a stroke * June 25, 1876: Custer's Last Stand at the Battle of Little Bighorn * July 4, 1876: United States Centennial * November 7, 1876: United States general elections, 1876, including the disputed Presidential election of 1876, later settled with the

Compromise of 1877 The Compromise of 1877, also known as the Wormley Agreement, the Tilden-Hayes Compromise, the Bargain of 1877, or Corrupt bargain, the Corrupt Bargain, was a speculated unwritten political deal in the United States to settle the intense dispute ...

which ended

Reconstruction Reconstruction may refer to: Politics, history, and sociology *Reconstruction (law), the transfer of a company's (or several companies') business to a new company *''Perestroika'' (Russian for "reconstruction"), a late 20th century Soviet Union ...

Major legislation

* January 29, 1877:

Electoral Commission An election commission is a body charged with overseeing the implementation of electioneering process of any country. The formal names of election commissions vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, and may be styled an electoral commission, a c ...

Act, ch. 37, * March 3, 1877: Desert Land Act, ch. 107,

State admitted

* August 1, 1876:

Colorado Colorado is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States. It is one of the Mountain states, sharing the Four Corners region with Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah. It is also bordered by Wyoming to the north, Nebraska to the northeast, Kansas ...

admitted as the 38th state

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section. During this Congress, two Senate seats and one House seat were added for the new state, Colorado.

Senate

House of Representatives

Leadership

Senate

President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Film and television *'' Præsident ...

: Henry Wilson (R), until November 22, 1875; vacant thereafter. * President pro tempore: Thomas W. Ferry (R), from March 9, 1875 * Republican Conference Chairman: Henry B. Anthony * Democratic Caucus Chairman: John W. Stevenson

House of Representatives

* Speaker: Michael C. Kerr (D), until August 19, 1876 (died) ** Samuel J. Randall (D), elected December 4, 1876 * Democratic Caucus Chairman: Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar II * Republican Conference Chairman: George W. McCrary

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district. :'' Skip to House of Representatives, below''

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1880; Class 2 meant their term ended in this Congress, facing re-election in 1876; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1878.

Alabama Alabama ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Deep South, Deep Southern regions of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gu ...

: 2. George Goldthwaite (D) : 3. George E. Spencer (R)

Arkansas Arkansas ( ) is a landlocked state in the West South Central region of the Southern United States. It borders Missouri to the north, Tennessee and Mississippi to the east, Louisiana to the south, Texas to the southwest, and Oklahoma ...

: 2.

Powell Clayton Powell Foulk Clayton (August 7, 1833August 25, 1914) was an American politician, diplomat, and businessman who served as the 9th List of Governors of Arkansas, governor of Arkansas from 1868 to 1871, as a Republican Party (United States), Repub ...

(R) : 3. Stephen W. Dorsey (R)

California California () is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States that lies on the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. It borders Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and shares Mexico–United States border, an ...

: 1. Newton Booth (AM) : 3. Aaron A. Sargent (R)

Colorado Colorado is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States. It is one of the Mountain states, sharing the Four Corners region with Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah. It is also bordered by Wyoming to the north, Nebraska to the northeast, Kansas ...

: 2. Henry M. Teller (R), from November 15, 1876 : 3. Jerome B. Chaffee (R), from November 15, 1876

Connecticut Connecticut ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York (state), New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. ...

: 1. William W. Eaton (D) : 3. Orris S. Ferry (R), until November 21, 1875 :: James E. English (D), November 27, 1875 – May 17, 1876 :: William H. Barnum (D), from May 18, 1876

Delaware Delaware ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic and South Atlantic states, South Atlantic regions of the United States. It borders Maryland to its south and west, Pennsylvania to its north, New Jersey ...

: 1. Thomas F. Bayard Sr. (D) : 2. Eli Saulsbury (D)

Florida Florida ( ; ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders the Gulf of Mexico to the west, Alabama to the northwest, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the north, the Atlantic ...

: 1. Charles W. Jones (D) : 3. Simon B. Conover (R)

Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the South Caucasus * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the southeastern United States Georgia may also refer to: People and fictional characters * Georgia (name), a list of pe ...

: 2. Thomas M. Norwood (D) : 3. John B. Gordon (D)

Illinois Illinois ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. It borders on Lake Michigan to its northeast, the Mississippi River to its west, and the Wabash River, Wabash and Ohio River, Ohio rivers to its ...

: 2. John A. Logan (R) : 3. Richard J. Oglesby (R)

Indiana Indiana ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Michigan to the northwest, Michigan to the north and northeast, Ohio to the east, the Ohio River and Kentucky to the s ...

: 1. Joseph E. McDonald (D) : 3. Oliver H. P. T. Morton (R)

Iowa Iowa ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the upper Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders the Mississippi River to the east and the Missouri River and Big Sioux River to the west; Wisconsin to the northeast, Ill ...

: 2. George G. Wright (R) : 3. William B. Allison (R)

Kansas Kansas ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Nebraska to the north; Missouri to the east; Oklahoma to the south; and Colorado to the west. Kansas is named a ...

: 2. James M. Harvey (R) : 3. John J. Ingalls (R)

Kentucky Kentucky (, ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north, West Virginia to the ...

: 2. John W. Stevenson (D) : 3. Thomas C. McCreery (D)

Louisiana Louisiana ( ; ; ) is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It borders Texas to the west, Arkansas to the north, and Mississippi to the east. Of the 50 U.S. states, it ranks 31st in area and 25 ...

: 2. J. Rodman West (R) : 3. James B. Eustis (D), from January 12, 1876

Maine Maine ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the United States, and the northeasternmost state in the Contiguous United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Provinces and ...

: 1.

Hannibal Hamlin Hannibal Hamlin (August 27, 1809 – July 4, 1891) was an American politician and diplomat who was the 15th vice president of the United States, serving from 1861 to 1865, during President Abraham Lincoln's first term. He was the first Republi ...

(R) : 2. Lot M. Morrill (R), until July 7, 1876 :: James G. Blaine (R), from July 10, 1876

Maryland Maryland ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It borders the states of Virginia to its south, West Virginia to its west, Pennsylvania to its north, and Delaware to its east ...

: 1. William Pinkney Whyte (D) : 3. George R. Dennis (D)

Massachusetts Massachusetts ( ; ), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Maine to its east, Connecticut and Rhode ...

: 1. Henry L. Dawes (R) : 2. George S. Boutwell (R)

Michigan Michigan ( ) is a peninsular U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest, Upper Midwestern United States. It shares water and land boundaries with Minnesota to the northwest, Wisconsin to the west, ...

: 1. Isaac P. Christiancy (R) : 2. Thomas W. Ferry (R)

Minnesota Minnesota ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Upper Midwestern region of the United States. It is bordered by the Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Ontario to the north and east and by the U.S. states of Wisconsin to the east, Iowa to the so ...

: 1. Samuel J. R. McMillan (R) : 2. William Windom (R)

Mississippi Mississippi ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Deep South regions of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Alabama to the east, the Gulf of Mexico to the south, Louisiana to the s ...

: 1. Blanche Bruce (R) : 2. James L. Alcorn (R)

Missouri Missouri (''see #Etymology and pronunciation, pronunciation'') is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. Ranking List of U.S. states and territories by area, 21st in land area, it border ...

: 1. Francis Cockrell (D) : 3. Lewis V. Bogy (D)

Nebraska Nebraska ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders South Dakota to the north; Iowa to the east and Missouri to the southeast, both across the Missouri River; Ka ...

: 1. Algernon Paddock (R) : 2. Phineas Hitchcock (R)

Nevada Nevada ( ; ) is a landlocked state in the Western United States. It borders Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast, and Utah to the east. Nevada is the seventh-most extensive, th ...

: 1. William Sharon (R) : 3. John P. Jones (R)

New Hampshire New Hampshire ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Gulf of Maine to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec t ...

: 2. Aaron H. Cragin (R) : 3. Bainbridge Wadleigh (R)

New Jersey New Jersey is a U.S. state, state located in both the Mid-Atlantic States, Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern United States, Northeastern regions of the United States. Located at the geographic hub of the urban area, heavily urbanized Northeas ...

: 1. Theodore F. Randolph (D) : 2. Frederick T. Frelinghuysen (R)

New York

: 1. Francis Kernan (D) : 3.

Roscoe Conkling Roscoe Conkling (October 30, 1829April 18, 1888) was an American lawyer and Republican Party (United States), Republican politician who represented New York (state), New York in the United States House of Representatives and the United States Se ...

(R)

North Carolina North Carolina ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, South Carolina to the south, Georgia (U.S. stat ...

: 2. Matt W. Ransom (D) : 3. Augustus S. Merrimon (D)

Ohio Ohio ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Erie to the north, Pennsylvania to the east, West Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Indiana to the ...

: 1. Allen G. Thurman (D) : 3. John Sherman (R)

Oregon Oregon ( , ) is a U.S. state, state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. It is a part of the Western U.S., with the Columbia River delineating much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington (state), Washington, while t ...

: 2. James K. Kelly (D) : 3. John H. Mitchell (R)

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania, officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a U.S. state, state spanning the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern United States, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes region, Great Lakes regions o ...

: 1. William A. Wallace (D) : 3.

Simon Cameron Simon Cameron (March 8, 1799June 26, 1889) was an American businessman and politician who represented Pennsylvania in the United States Senate and served as United States Secretary of War under President Abraham Lincoln at the start of the Ameri ...

(R)

Rhode Island Rhode Island ( ) is a state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Connecticut to its west; Massachusetts to its north and east; and the Atlantic Ocean to its south via Rhode Island Sound and Block Is ...

: 1.

Ambrose Burnside Ambrose Everts Burnside (May 23, 1824 – September 13, 1881) was an American army officer and politician who became a senior Union general in the American Civil War and a three-time Governor of Rhode Island, as well as being a successfu ...

(R) : 2. Henry B. Anthony (R)

South Carolina South Carolina ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders North Carolina to the north and northeast, the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast, and Georgia (U.S. state), Georg ...

: 2. Thomas J. Robertson (R) : 3. John J. Patterson (R)

Tennessee Tennessee (, ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Kentucky to the north, Virginia to the northeast, North Carolina t ...

: 1.

Andrew Johnson Andrew Johnson (December 29, 1808July 31, 1875) was the 17th president of the United States, serving from 1865 to 1869. The 16th vice president, he assumed the presidency following the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. Johnson was a South ...

(D), until July 31, 1875 :: David M. Key (D), August 18, 1875 – January 19, 1877 :: James E. Bailey (D), from January 19, 1877 : 2.

Henry Cooper Sir Henry Cooper (3 May 19341 May 2011) was a British heavyweight boxer. He was undefeated in British and Commonwealth heavyweight championship contests for twelve years and held the European heavyweight title for three years. In a 1963 fi ...

(D)

Texas Texas ( , ; or ) is the most populous U.S. state, state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. It borders Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the we ...

: 1. Samuel B. Maxey (D) : 2. Morgan C. Hamilton (R)

Vermont Vermont () is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east, New York (state), New York to the west, and the Provinces and territories of Ca ...

: 1. George F. Edmunds (R) : 3. Justin S. Morrill (R)

Virginia Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States between the East Coast of the United States ...

: 1. Robert E. Withers (D) : 2. John W. Johnston (D)

West Virginia West Virginia is a mountainous U.S. state, state in the Southern United States, Southern and Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States.The United States Census Bureau, Census Bureau and the Association of American ...

: 1. Allen T. Caperton (D), until July 26, 1876 :: Samuel Price (D), August 26, 1876 – January 26, 1877 :: Frank Hereford (D), from January 31, 1877 : 2. Henry G. Davis (D)

Wisconsin Wisconsin ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest of the United States. It borders Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake Michigan to the east, Michig ...

: 1. Angus Cameron (R) : 3. Timothy O. Howe (R) 44th United States Congress Senators

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Alabama Alabama ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Deep South, Deep Southern regions of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gu ...

: . Jeremiah Haralson (R) : . Jeremiah N. Williams (D) : . Taul Bradford (D) : . Charles Hays (R) : . John H. Caldwell (D) : . Goldsmith W. Hewitt (D) : . William H. Forney (D) : . Burwell B. Lewis (D)

Arkansas Arkansas ( ) is a landlocked state in the West South Central region of the Southern United States. It borders Missouri to the north, Tennessee and Mississippi to the east, Louisiana to the south, Texas to the southwest, and Oklahoma ...

: . Lucien C. Gause (D) : . William F. Slemons (D) : . William W. Wilshire (D) : . Thomas M. Gunter (D)

California California () is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States that lies on the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. It borders Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and shares Mexico–United States border, an ...

: . William A. Piper (D) : . Horace F. Page (R) : . John K. Luttrell (D) : . Peter D. Wigginton (D)

Colorado Colorado is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States. It is one of the Mountain states, sharing the Four Corners region with Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah. It is also bordered by Wyoming to the north, Nebraska to the northeast, Kansas ...

: . James B. Belford (R), from October 3, 1876 (newly admitted state)

Connecticut Connecticut ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York (state), New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. ...

: . George M. Landers (D) : . James Phelps (D) : . Henry H. Starkweather (R), until January 28, 1876 :: John T. Wait (R), from April 12, 1876 : . William H. Barnum (D), until May 18, 1876 :: Levi Warner (D), from December 4, 1876

Delaware Delaware ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic and South Atlantic states, South Atlantic regions of the United States. It borders Maryland to its south and west, Pennsylvania to its north, New Jersey ...

: . James Williams (D)

Florida Florida ( ; ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders the Gulf of Mexico to the west, Alabama to the northwest, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the north, the Atlantic ...

: . William J. Purman (R) : . Josiah T. Walls (R), until April 19, 1876 :: Jesse J. Finley (D), from April 19, 1876

Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the South Caucasus * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the southeastern United States Georgia may also refer to: People and fictional characters * Georgia (name), a list of pe ...

: . Julian Hartridge (D) : . William E. Smith (D) : . Philip Cook (D) : . Henry R. Harris (D) : . Milton A. Candler (D) : . James H. Blount (D) : . William H. Felton (ID) : .

Alexander Stephens Alexander Hamilton Stephens (February 11, 1812 – March 4, 1883) was an American politician who served as the first and only vice president of the Confederate States from 1861 to 1865, and later as the 50th governor of Georgia from 1882 unti ...

(D) : . Benjamin H. Hill (D), May 5, 1875 - March 3, 1877

Illinois Illinois ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. It borders on Lake Michigan to its northeast, the Mississippi River to its west, and the Wabash River, Wabash and Ohio River, Ohio rivers to its ...

: . Bernard G. Caulfield (D) : . Carter H. Harrison (D) : . Charles B. Farwell (R), until May 6, 1876 :: John V. Le Moyne (D), from May 6, 1876 : . Stephen A. Hurlbut (R) : . Horatio C. Burchard (R) : . Thomas J. Henderson (R) : . Alexander Campbell (I) : . Greenbury L. Fort (R) : . Richard H. Whiting (R) : . John C. Bagby (D) : . Scott Wike (D) : . William M. Springer (D) : . Adlai E. Stevenson (D) : . Joseph G. Cannon (R) : . John R. Eden (D) : . William A. J. Sparks (D) : . William R. Morrison (D) : . William Hartzell (D) : . William B. Anderson (I)

Indiana Indiana ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Michigan to the northwest, Michigan to the north and northeast, Ohio to the east, the Ohio River and Kentucky to the s ...

: . Benoni S. Fuller (D) : . James D. Williams (D), until December 1, 1876 :: Andrew Humphreys (D), from December 5, 1876 : . Michael C. Kerr (D), until August 19, 1876 :: Nathan T. Carr (D), from December 5, 1876 : . Jeptha D. New (D) : . William S. Holman (D) : . Milton S. Robinson (R) : . Franklin Landers (D) : . Morton C. Hunter (R) : . Thomas J. Cason (R) : . William S. Haymond (D) : . James L. Evans (R) : . Andrew H. Hamilton (D) : . John Baker (R)

Iowa Iowa ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the upper Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders the Mississippi River to the east and the Missouri River and Big Sioux River to the west; Wisconsin to the northeast, Ill ...

: . George W. McCrary (R) : . John Q. Tufts (R) : . Lucien L. Ainsworth (D) : . Henry O. Pratt (R) : . James Wilson (R) : . Ezekiel S. Sampson (R) : . John A. Kasson (R) : . James W. McDill (R) : . S. Addison Oliver (R)

Kansas Kansas ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Nebraska to the north; Missouri to the east; Oklahoma to the south; and Colorado to the west. Kansas is named a ...

: . William A. Phillips (R) : . John R. Goodin (D) : . William R. Brown (R)

Kentucky Kentucky (, ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north, West Virginia to the ...

: . Andrew Boone (D) : . John Y. Brown (D) : . Charles W. Milliken (D) : . J. Proctor Knott (D) : . Edward Y. Parsons (D), until July 8, 1876 :: Henry Watterson (D), from August 12, 1876 : . Thomas L. Jones (D) : . Joseph C. S. Blackburn (D) : . Milton J. Durham (D) : . John D. White (R) : . John B. Clarke (D)

Louisiana Louisiana ( ; ; ) is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It borders Texas to the west, Arkansas to the north, and Mississippi to the east. Of the 50 U.S. states, it ranks 31st in area and 25 ...

: .

Randall L. Gibson Randall Lee Gibson (September 10, 1832 – December 15, 1892) was an American attorney and politician, elected as a United States House of Representatives, member of the House of Representatives and List of United States Senators from Louisi ...

(D) : . E. John Ellis (D) : . Chester B. Darrall (R) : . William M. Levy (D) : . Frank Morey (R), until June 8, 1876 :: William B. Spencer (D) June 8, 1876 - January 8, 1877 : . Charles E. Nash (R)

Maine Maine ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the United States, and the northeasternmost state in the Contiguous United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Provinces and ...

: . John H. Burleigh (R) : . William P. Frye (R) : . James G. Blaine (R), until July 10, 1876 :: Edwin Flye (R), from December 4, 1876 : . Harris M. Plaisted (R), from September 13, 1875 : . Eugene Hale (R)

Maryland Maryland ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It borders the states of Virginia to its south, West Virginia to its west, Pennsylvania to its north, and Delaware to its east ...

: . Philip F. Thomas (D) : . Charles B. Roberts (D) : . William J. O'Brien (D) : . Thomas Swann (D) : . Eli J. Henkle (D) : . William Walsh (D)

Massachusetts Massachusetts ( ; ), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Maine to its east, Connecticut and Rhode ...

: . James Buffington (R), until March 7, 1875 :: William W. Crapo (R), from November 2, 1875 : . Benjamin W. Harris (R) : . Henry L. Pierce (R) : . Rufus S. Frost (R), until July 28, 1876 :: Josiah G. Abbott (D), from July 28, 1876 : .

Nathaniel P. Banks Nathaniel Prentice (or Prentiss) Banks (January 30, 1816 – September 1, 1894) was an American politician from Massachusetts and a Union Army, Union general during the American Civil War, Civil War. A millworker, Banks became prominent in local ...

(I) : . Charles P. Thompson (D) : . John K. Tarbox (D) : . William W. Warren (D) : . George F. Hoar (R) : . Julius H. Seelye (I) : . Chester W. Chapin (D)

Michigan Michigan ( ) is a peninsular U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest, Upper Midwestern United States. It shares water and land boundaries with Minnesota to the northwest, Wisconsin to the west, ...

: . Alpheus S. Williams (D) : . Henry Waldron (R) : . George Willard (R) : . Allen Potter (D) : . William B. Williams (R) : . George H. Durand (D) : . Omar D. Conger (R) : . Nathan B. Bradley (R) : . Jay A. Hubbell (R)

Minnesota Minnesota ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Upper Midwestern region of the United States. It is bordered by the Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Ontario to the north and east and by the U.S. states of Wisconsin to the east, Iowa to the so ...

: . Mark H. Dunnell (R) : . Horace B. Strait (R) : . William S. King (R)

Mississippi Mississippi ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Deep South regions of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Alabama to the east, the Gulf of Mexico to the south, Louisiana to the s ...

: . Lucius Q. C. Lamar (D) : . G. Wiley Wells (IR) : . Hernando Money (D) : . Otho R. Singleton (D) : . Charles E. Hooker (D) : .

John R. Lynch John Roy Lynch (September 10, 1847 – November 2, 1939) was an American writer, attorney, military officer, author, and Republican Party (United States), Republican politician who served as Speaker of the Mississippi House of Representatives ...

(R)

Missouri Missouri (''see #Etymology and pronunciation, pronunciation'') is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. Ranking List of U.S. states and territories by area, 21st in land area, it border ...

: . Edward C. Kehr (D) : . Erastus Wells (D) : . William H. Stone (D) : . Robert A. Hatcher (D) : . Richard P. Bland (D) : . Charles H. Morgan (D) : . John F. Philips (D) : . Benjamin J. Franklin (D) : . David Rea (D) : . Rezin A. De Bolt (D) : . John B. Clark Jr. (D) : . John M. Glover (D) : . Aylett H. Buckner (D)

Nebraska Nebraska ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders South Dakota to the north; Iowa to the east and Missouri to the southeast, both across the Missouri River; Ka ...

: . Lorenzo Crounse (R)

Nevada Nevada ( ; ) is a landlocked state in the Western United States. It borders Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast, and Utah to the east. Nevada is the seventh-most extensive, th ...

: . William Woodburn (R)

New Hampshire New Hampshire ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Gulf of Maine to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec t ...

: . Frank Jones (D) : . Samuel N. Bell (D) : . Henry W. Blair (R)

New Jersey New Jersey is a U.S. state, state located in both the Mid-Atlantic States, Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern United States, Northeastern regions of the United States. Located at the geographic hub of the urban area, heavily urbanized Northeas ...

: . Clement H. Sinnickson (R) : .

Samuel A. Dobbins Samuel Atkinson Dobbins (April 14, 1814 – May 26, 1886) was a Republican Party (United States), Republican Party politician who represented New Jersey's New Jersey's 2nd congressional district, 2nd congressional district in the United States Ho ...

(R) : . Miles Ross (D) : . Robert Hamilton (D) : . Augustus W. Cutler (D) : . Frederick H. Teese (D) : . Augustus A. Hardenbergh (D)

New York

: . Henry B. Metcalfe (D) : . John G. Schumaker (D) : . Simeon B. Chittenden (IR) : . Archibald M. Bliss (D) : . Edwin R. Meade (D) : . Samuel S. Cox (D) : . Smith Ely Jr. (D), until December 11, 1876 :: David Dudley Field (D), from January 11, 1877 : . Elijah Ward (D) : . Fernando Wood (D) : . Abram S. Hewitt (D) : . Benjamin A. Willis (D) : . N. Holmes Odell (D) : . John O. Whitehouse (D) : . George M. Beebe (D) : . John H. Bagley Jr. (D) : . Charles H. Adams (R) : . Martin I. Townsend (R) : . Andrew Williams (R) : . William A. Wheeler (R) : . Henry H. Hathorn (R) : . Samuel F. Miller (R) : . George A. Bagley (R) : . Scott Lord (D) : . William H. Baker (R) : . Elias W. Leavenworth (R) : . Clinton D. MacDougall (R) : . Elbridge G. Lapham (R) : . Thomas C. Platt (R) : . Charles C. B. Walker (D) : . John M. Davy (R) : . George G. Hoskins (R) : . Lyman K. Bass (R) : . Nelson I. Norton (R), from December 6, 1875

North Carolina North Carolina ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, South Carolina to the south, Georgia (U.S. stat ...

: . Jesse J. Yeates (D) : . John A. Hyman (R) : . Alfred M. Waddell (D) : . Joseph J. Davis (D) : . Alfred M. Scales (D) : . Thomas S. Ashe (D) : . William M. Robbins (D) : . Robert B. Vance (D)

Ohio Ohio ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Erie to the north, Pennsylvania to the east, West Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Indiana to the ...

: . Milton Sayler (D) : . Henry B. Banning (D) : . John S. Savage (D) : . John A. McMahon (D) : . Americus V. Rice (D) : . Frank H. Hurd (D) : . Lawrence T. Neal (D) : . William Lawrence (R) : . Earley F. Poppleton (D) : . Charles Foster (R) : . John L. Vance (D) : . Ansel T. Walling (D) : . Milton I. Southard (D) : . Jacob P. Cowan (D) : . Nelson H. Van Vorhes (R) : . Lorenzo Danford (R) : . Laurin D. Woodworth (R) : .

James Monroe James Monroe ( ; April 28, 1758July 4, 1831) was an American Founding Father of the United States, Founding Father who served as the fifth president of the United States from 1817 to 1825. He was the last Founding Father to serve as presiden ...

(R) : . James A. Garfield (R) : . Henry B. Payne (D)

Oregon Oregon ( , ) is a U.S. state, state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. It is a part of the Western U.S., with the Columbia River delineating much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington (state), Washington, while t ...

: . George A. La Dow (D), until May 1, 1875 :: Lafayette Lane (D), from October 25, 1875

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania, officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a U.S. state, state spanning the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern United States, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes region, Great Lakes regions o ...

: . Chapman Freeman (R) : . Charles O'Neill (R) : . Samuel J. Randall (D) : . William D. Kelley (R) : . John Robbins Jr. (D) : . Washington Townsend (R) : . Alan Wood Jr. (R) : . Hiester Clymer (D) : . A. Herr Smith (R) : . William Mutchler (D) : . Francis D. Collins (D) : . Winthrop W. Ketcham (R), until July 19, 1876 :: William H. Stanton (D), from November 7, 1876 : . James B. Reilly (D) : . John B. Packer (R) : . Joseph Powell (D) : . Sobieski Ross (R) : . John Reilly (D) : . William Stenger (D) : . Levi Maish (D) : . Levi A. Mackey (D) : . Jacob Turney (D) : . James H. Hopkins (D) : . Alexander G. Cochran (D) : . John W. Wallace (R) : . George A. Jenks (D) : . James Sheakley (D) : . Albert G. Egbert (D)

Rhode Island Rhode Island ( ) is a state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Connecticut to its west; Massachusetts to its north and east; and the Atlantic Ocean to its south via Rhode Island Sound and Block Is ...

: . Benjamin T. Eames (R) : . Latimer W. Ballou (R)

South Carolina South Carolina ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders North Carolina to the north and northeast, the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast, and Georgia (U.S. state), Georg ...

: . Joseph Rainey (R) : . Edmund W. M. Mackey (IR), until July 19, 1876 :: Charles W. Buttz (R), from November 7, 1876 : . Solomon L. Hoge (R) : . Alexander S. Wallace (R) : . Robert Smalls (R)

Tennessee Tennessee (, ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Kentucky to the north, Virginia to the northeast, North Carolina t ...

: . William McFarland (D) : . Jacob M. Thornburgh (R) : . George G. Dibrell (D) : . Samuel M. Fite (D), until October 23, 1875 :: Haywood Y. Riddle (D), from December 4, 1875 : . John M. Bright (D) : . John F. House (D) : . Washington C. Whitthorne (D) : . John D. C. Atkins (D) : . William P. Caldwell (D) : . H. Casey Young (D)

Texas Texas ( , ; or ) is the most populous U.S. state, state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. It borders Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the we ...

: . John H. Reagan (D) : . David B. Culberson (D) : . James W. Throckmorton (D) : . Roger Q. Mills (D) : .

John Hancock John Hancock ( – October 8, 1793) was an American Founding Fathers of the United States, Founding Father, merchant, statesman, and prominent Patriot (American Revolution), Patriot of the American Revolution. He was the longest-serving Presi ...

(D) : . Gustave Schleicher (D)

Vermont Vermont () is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east, New York (state), New York to the west, and the Provinces and territories of Ca ...

: . Charles H. Joyce (R) : . Dudley C. Denison (IR) : . George W. Hendee (R)

Virginia Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States between the East Coast of the United States ...

: . Beverly B. Douglas (D) : . John Goode Jr. (D) : . Gilbert C. Walker (D) : . William H. H. Stowell (R) : . George Cabell (D) : . John R. Tucker (D) : . John T. Harris (D) : . Eppa Hutton, II (D) : . William Terry (D)

West Virginia West Virginia is a mountainous U.S. state, state in the Southern United States, Southern and Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States.The United States Census Bureau, Census Bureau and the Association of American ...

: . Benjamin Wilson (D) : . Charles J. Faulkner Sr. (D) : . Frank Hereford (D), until January 31, 1877

Wisconsin Wisconsin ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest of the United States. It borders Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake Michigan to the east, Michig ...

: . Charles G. Williams (R) : . Lucien B. Caswell (R) : . Henry S. Magoon (R) : . William P. Lynde (D) : . Samuel D. Burchard (D) : . Alanson M. Kimball (R) : . Jeremiah M. Rusk (R) : . George W. Cate (D)

Non-voting members

: . Hiram S. Stevens (D) : . Thomas M. Patterson (D), until August 1, 1876 : . Jefferson P. Kidder (R) : . Thomas W. Bennett (I), until June 23, 1876 :: Stephen S. Fenn (D), from June 23, 1876 : . Martin Maginnis (D) : . Stephen B. Elkins (R) : . George Q. Cannon (R) : . Orange Jacobs (R) : . William R. Steele (D) Michael C

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

* Replacements: 4 ** Democratic: 1 seat net gain ** Republican: 1 seat net loss * Deaths: 3 * Resignations: 1 * Vacancy: 1 * Interim appointments: 3 * Seats of newly admitted states: 2 *Total seats with changes: 7 , - ,

Louisiana Louisiana ( ; ; ) is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It borders Texas to the west, Arkansas to the north, and Mississippi to the east. Of the 50 U.S. states, it ranks 31st in area and 25 ...

(3) , Vacant , Senate had declined to seat rival claimants William L. McMillen and

P. B. S. Pinchback Pinckney Benton Stewart Pinchback (May 10, 1837 – December 21, 1921) was an American publisher, politician, and Union Army officer who served as Governor of Louisiana from December 9, 1872 to January 13, 1873. Pinchback is commonly referr ...

. Successor elected January 12, 1876. , nowrap , James B. Eustis (D) , January 10, 1876 , - ,

Tennessee Tennessee (, ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Kentucky to the north, Virginia to the northeast, North Carolina t ...

(1) , nowrap ,

(D) , Died July 31, 1875.
Successor appointed August 18, 1875, to continue the term. , nowrap , David M. Key (D) , August 18, 1875 , - ,

Connecticut Connecticut ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York (state), New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. ...

(3) , nowrap , Orris S. Ferry (R) , Died November 21, 1875.
Successor appointed November 27, 1875, to continue the term. , nowrap , James E. English (D) , November 27, 1875 , - ,

(3) , nowrap , James E. English (D) , Interim appointee retired May 17, 1876 when successor elected.
Successor elected May 17, 1876. , nowrap , William H. Barnum (D) , May 18, 1876 , - ,

Maine Maine ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the United States, and the northeasternmost state in the Contiguous United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Provinces and ...

(2) , nowrap , Lot M. Morrill (R) , Resigned July 7, 1876 to become U.S. Secretary of the Treasury.
Successor appointed July 10, 1876, to continue the term.
Interim appointee later elected January 17, 1877. , nowrap , James G. Blaine (R) , July 10, 1876 , - ,

West Virginia West Virginia is a mountainous U.S. state, state in the Southern United States, Southern and Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States.The United States Census Bureau, Census Bureau and the Association of American ...

(1) , nowrap , Allen T. Caperton (D) , Died July 26, 1876.
Successor appointed August 26, 1876, to continue the term. , nowrap , Samuel Price (D) , August 26, 1876 , - ,

(2) , New seat , Colorado admitted to the Union August 1, 1876.
First senator elected November 15, 1876 , nowrap , Henry M. Teller (R) , November 15, 1876 , - ,

(3) , New seat , Colorado admitted to the Union August 1, 1876.
First senator elected November 15, 1876 , nowrap , Jerome B. Chaffee (R) , November 15, 1876 , - ,

(1) , nowrap , David M. Key (D) , Interim appointee lost special election.
Successor elected January 19, 1877. , nowrap , James E. Bailey (D) , January 19, 1877 , - ,

(1) , nowrap , Samuel Price (D) , Interim appointee lost special election.
Successor elected January 26, 1877, but seat remained vacant until successor qualified by resigning from the U.S. House on January 31, 1877. , nowrap , Frank Hereford (D) , January 31, 1877

House of Representatives

* Replacements: 14 ** Democratic: no net change ** Republican: no net change * Deaths: 9 * Resignations: 6 * Contested election: 5 * Seats of newly admitted states: 1 *Total seats with changes: 21 , - , , Vacant , Rep-elect Garnett McMillan died before taking seat , nowrap , Benjamin H. Hill (D) , May 5, 1875 , - , , Vacant , Rep. Samuel F. Hersey died during previous congress , nowrap , Harris M. Plaisted (R) , September 13, 1875 , - , , Vacant , Rep.-elect Augustus F. Allen died before taking seat , nowrap , Nelson I. Norton (R) , December 6, 1875 , - , , nowrap , James Buffington (R) , Died March 7, 1875 , nowrap , William W. Crapo (R) , November 2, 1875 , - , , nowrap , George A. La Dow (D) , Died May 1, 1875 , nowrap , Lafayette Lane (D) , October 25, 1875 , - , , nowrap , Samuel M. Fite (D) , Died October 23, 1875 , nowrap , Haywood Y. Riddle (D) , December 14, 1875 , - , , nowrap , Henry H. Starkweather (R) , Died January 28, 1876 , nowrap , John T. Wait (R) , April 12, 1876 , - , , nowrap , Josiah T. Walls (R) , Lost contested election April 19, 1876 , nowrap , Jesse J. Finley (D) , April 19, 1876 , - , , nowrap , Charles B. Farwell (R) , Lost contested election May 6, 1876 , nowrap , John V. Le Moyne (D) , May 6, 1876 , - , , nowrap , William H. Barnum (D) , Resigned May 18, 1876, after being elected to the

US Senate The United States Senate is a chamber of the bicameral United States Congress; it is the upper house, with the U.S. House of Representatives being the lower house. Together, the Senate and House have the authority under Article One of the ...

, nowrap , Levi Warner (D) , December 4, 1876 , - , , nowrap , Frank Morey (R) , Lost contested election June 8, 1876 , nowrap , William B. Spencer (D) , June 8, 1876 , - , , nowrap , Thomas W. Bennett (I) , Lost contested election June 23, 1876 , nowrap , Stephen S. Fenn (D) , June 23, 1876 , - , , nowrap , James G. Blaine (R) , Resigned July 10, 1876, after being appointed to the

, nowrap , Edwin Flye (R) , December 4, 1876 , - , , nowrap , Edward Y. Parsons (D) , Died July 8, 1876 , nowrap , Henry Watterson (D) , August 12, 1876 , - , , nowrap , Winthrop W. Ketcham (R) , Resigned July 19, 1876, after being appointed judge to the

United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania The United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania (in case citations, W.D. Pa.) is a federal trial court that sits in Pittsburgh, Erie, and Johnstown, Pennsylvania. It is composed of ten judges as authorized by federa ...

, nowrap , William H. Stanton (D) , November 7, 1876 , - , , nowrap , Edmund W. M. Mackey (IR) , style="font-size:80%" , Seat declared vacant July 19, 1876 , nowrap , Charles W. Buttz (R) , November 7, 1876 , - , , nowrap , Rufus S. Frost (R) , Lost contested election July 28, 1876 , nowrap , Josiah G. Abbott (D) , July 28, 1876 , - , , nowrap , Thomas M. Patterson (D) , Colorado admitted to the Union August 1, 1876 , colspan=2 , Statehood achieved , - , , New seat , Colorado admitted to the Union August 1, 1876. Seat remained vacant until October 3, 1876. , nowrap , James B. Belford (R) , October 3, 1876 , - , , nowrap , Michael C. Kerr (D) , Died August 19, 1876 , nowrap , Nathan T. Carr (D) , December 15, 1876 , - , , nowrap , James D. Williams (D) , Resigned December 1, 1876, after being elected Governor of Indiana , nowrap , Andrew Humphreys (D) , December 5, 1876 , - , , nowrap , Smith Ely Jr. (D) , Resigned December 11, 1876 , nowrap , David D. Field II (D) , January 11, 1877 , - , , nowrap , William B. Spencer (D) , Resigned January 8, 1877, to become an associate justice of the

Louisiana Supreme Court The Supreme Court of Louisiana (; ) is the supreme court, highest court and court of last resort in the U.S. state of Louisiana. The modern Supreme Court, composed of seven justices, meets in the French Quarter of New Orleans. The Supreme ...

, Vacant , Not filled this term , - , , nowrap , Frank Hereford (D) , Resigned January 31, 1877, after being elected to the

, Vacant , Not filled this term , - , , nowrap , Benjamin H. Hill (D) , Resigned March 3, 1877, after being elected to the

, Vacant , Not filled this term

Committees

Senate

Agriculture Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, and forestry for food and non-food products. Agriculture was a key factor in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created ...

(Chairman: Frederick T. Frelinghuysen; Ranking Member: Henry G. Davis) * Appropriations (Chairman: William Windom; Ranking Member: Stephen W. Dorsey) * Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: John P. Jones; Ranking Member: George R. Dennis) * Civil Service and Retrenchment (Chairman: Thomas F. Bayard; Ranking Member: John J. Patterson) * Claims (Chairman: George G. Wright; Ranking Member: Samuel J.R. McMillan) *

Commerce Commerce is the organized Complex system, system of activities, functions, procedures and institutions that directly or indirectly contribute to the smooth, unhindered large-scale exchange (distribution through Financial transaction, transactiona ...

(Chairman:

; Ranking Member: Samuel J.R. McMillan) * Counting the Electoral Vote (Select) * Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select) *

District of Columbia Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly known as Washington or D.C., is the capital city and Federal district of the United States, federal district of the United States. The city is on the Potomac River, across from ...

(Chairman: George E. Spencer; Ranking Member: Thomas J. Robertson) * Education and Labor (Chairman: John J. Patterson; Ranking Member: William Sharon) * Engrossed Bills (Chairman: Thomas F. Bayard; Ranking Member: Henry B. Anthony) * Enrolled Bills * Examine the Several Branches in the Civil Service (Select) (Chairman: James M. Harvey; Ranking Member: Augustus S. Merrimon) *

Finance Finance refers to monetary resources and to the study and Academic discipline, discipline of money, currency, assets and Liability (financial accounting), liabilities. As a subject of study, is a field of Business administration, Business Admin ...

(Chairman: John Sherman; Ranking Member: John P. Jones) *

Foreign Relations Foreign policy, also known as external policy, is the set of strategies and actions a State (polity), state employs in its interactions with other states, unions, and international entities. It encompasses a wide range of objectives, includ ...

(Chairman:

; Ranking Member:

) * Indian Affairs (Chairman: William B. Allison; Ranking Member:

) *

Judiciary The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law ...

(Chairman: George F. Edmunds; Ranking Member: Timothy O. Howe) *

Manufactures Manufacturing is the creation or production of goods with the help of equipment, labor, machines, tools, and chemical or biological processing or formulation. It is the essence of the secondary sector of the economy. The term may refer ...

(Chairman: Thomas J. Robertson; Ranking Member: William A. Wallace) * Military Affairs (Chairman: John A. Logan; Ranking Member: Ambrose E. Burnside) * Mines and Mining (Chairman: Aaron A. Sargent; Ranking Member: William Sharon) * Mississippi River Levee System (Select) (Chairman: James L. Alcorn; Ranking Member:

) * Mississippi Election Frauds, 1876 (Chairman: George S. Boutwell; Ranking Member: Joseph E. McDonald) * Naval Affairs (Chairman: Aaron H. Cragin; Ranking Member: Simon B. Conover) * Ordnance and War Ships (Select) *

Patents A patent is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention for a limited period of time in exchange for publishing an sufficiency of disclosure, enabling discl ...

(Chairman: Bainbridge Wadleigh; Ranking Member: John W. Johnston) *

Pensions A pension (; ) is a fund into which amounts are paid regularly during an individual's working career, and from which periodic payments are made to support the person's retirement from work. A pension may be either a "defined benefit plan", wher ...

(Chairman: John J. Ingalls; Ranking Member: Blanche Bruce) * Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman:

; Ranking Member: Algernon S. Paddock) * Private Land Claims (Chairman: Allen G. Thurman; Ranking Member: George F. Edmunds) * Privileges and Elections (Chairman: Oliver P. Morton; Ranking Member: Samuel J.R. McMillan) * Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: Justin S. Morrill; Ranking Member: Newton Booth) * Public Lands (Chairman: Richard J. Oglesby; Ranking Member: Newton Booth) *

Railroads Rail transport (also known as train transport) is a means of transport using wheeled vehicles running in tracks, which usually consist of two parallel steel rails. Rail transport is one of the two primary means of land transport, next to road ...

(Chairman: Joseph R. West; Ranking Member: John H. Mitchell) * Revision of the Laws (Chairman: George S. Boutwell; Ranking Member: Isaac P. Christiancy) * Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: John W. Stevenson; Ranking Member: George G. Wright) *

Rules Rule or ruling may refer to: Human activity * The exercise of political or personal control by someone with authority or power * Business rule, a rule pertaining to the structure or behavior internal to a business * School rule, a rule tha ...

(Chairman: Thomas W. Ferry; Ranking Member: Augustus S. Merrimon) * Tariff Regulation (Select) * Territories (Chairman: Phineas W. Hitchcock; Ranking Member: William Sharon) * Transportation Routes to the Seaboard (Select) * Whole

House of Representatives

* Accounts (Chairman: Charles B. Roberts; Ranking Member: George G. Hoskins) *

(Chairman: John H. Caldwell; Ranking Member: William B. Anderson) * Appropriations (Chairman: William S. Holman; Ranking Member: William A. Wheeler) * Banking and Currency (Chairman: Samuel S. Cox; Ranking Member: Scott Wike) * Claims (Chairman: John M. Bright; Ranking Member: John F. Philips) * Coinage, Weights and Measures (Chairman:

Alexander H. Stephens Alexander Hamilton Stephens (February 11, 1812 – March 4, 1883) was an American politician who served as the first and only Vice President of the Confederate States of America, vice president of the Confederate States from 1861 to 1865, and l ...

; Ranking Member: Levi Maish) *

(Chairman: Elijah Ward; Ranking Member: Henry Myer Phillips) *

(Chairman: Aylett H. Buckner; Ranking Member: George Willard) * Education and Labor (Chairman: Gilbert C. Walker; Ranking Member: William M. Springer) *

Elections An election is a formal group decision-making process whereby a population chooses an individual or multiple individuals to hold public office. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operated ...

(Chairman: John T. Harris; Ranking Member: Earley F. Poppleton) * Enrolled Bills * Expenditures in the Interior Department (Chairman: William Mutchler; Ranking Member: Laurin D. Woodworth) * Expenditures in the Justice Department (Chairman: Bernard G. Caulfield; Ranking Member: Edwin R. Meade) * Expenditures in the Navy Department (Chairman: George M. Beebe; Ranking Member: John H. Burleigh) * Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: William H. Stone; Ranking Member: William H.H. Stowell) * Expenditures in the State Department (Chairman: William M. Springer; Ranking Member: John W. Wallace) * Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Chairman: John M. Bright; Ranking Member: John S. Savage) * Expenditures in the War Department (Chairman: John Robbins; Ranking Member: Lyman K. Bass) * Expenditures on Public Buildings (Chairman: Henry B. Metcalfe; Ranking Member: Samuel N. Bell) *

Foreign Affairs ''Foreign Affairs'' is an American magazine of international relations and foreign policy of the United States, U.S. foreign policy published by the Council on Foreign Relations, a nonprofit organization, nonprofit, nonpartisan, membership or ...

(Chairman: Thomas Swann; Ranking Member: William H. Forney) * Indian Affairs (Chairman: Alfred M. Scales; Ranking Member: Lafayette Lane) * Invalid Pensions (Chairman: George A. Jenks; Ranking Member: Jesse J. Yeates) *

(Chairman: J. Proctor Knott; Ranking Member: Bernard G. Caulfield) *

(Chairman: William H. Stone; Ranking Member: Samuel D. Burchard) * Mileage (Chairman: Albert G. Egbert; Ranking Member:

Nathaniel H. Odell Nathaniel Holmes Odell (October 10, 1828 – October 30, 1904) was an American businessman and politician who served one term as a United States House of Representatives, U.S. Representative from New York (state), New York from 1875 to 1877. B ...

) * Military Affairs (Chairman: Henry B. Banning; Ranking Member: Augustus A. Hardenbergh) *

Militia A militia ( ) is a military or paramilitary force that comprises civilian members, as opposed to a professional standing army of regular, full-time military personnel. Militias may be raised in times of need to support regular troops or se ...

(Chairman: Jacob P. Cowan; Ranking Member: John K. Tarbox) * Mines and Mining (Chairman: Richard P. Bland; Ranking Member: Alexander Campbell) * Mississippi Levees (Chairman: E. John Ellis; Ranking Member: James Sheakley) * Naval Affairs (Chairman: Washington C. Whitthorne; Ranking Member: John Robbins) * Pacific Railroads (Chairman: Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar II; Ranking Member: John F. Philips) *

(Chairman: Robert B. Vance; Ranking Member: William E. Smith) * Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: John B. Clark Jr.; Ranking Member: William F. Slemons) * Private Land Claims (Chairman: Thomas M. Gunter; Ranking Member: Lucien L. Ainsworth) * Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: William S. Holman; Ranking Member: Casey Young) * Public Expenditures (Chairman: Charles W. Milliken; Ranking Member: Alexander Campbell) * Public Lands (Chairman: Milton Sayler; Ranking Member: Lafayette Lane) * Railways and Canals (Chairman: Thomas L. Jones; Ranking Member: Levi A. Mackey) * Reform in the Civil Service (Chairman: John O. Whitehouse; Ranking Member: Augustus W. Cutler) * Revision of Laws (Chairman: Milton J. Durham; Ranking Member: Milton J. Durham) * Revolutionary Pensions and War of 1812 (Chairman: Eppa Hunton; Ranking Member: John G. Schumaker) *

(Select) (Chairman: Michael C. Kerr; Ranking Member: James G. Blaine) * Standards of Official Conduct * Territories (Chairman: Milton I. Southard; Ranking Member: Peter D. Wigginton) * War Claims (Chairman: John R. Eden; Ranking Member: John H. Caldwell) * Ways and Means (Chairman: William R. Morrison; Ranking Member: James G. Blaine) * Whole

Joint committees

* Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special) * Enrolled Bills (Chairman: Rep. Henry R. Harris; Vice Chairman: Rep. Harris M. Plaisted) * Frame a Form of Government for the District of Columbia * Investigate Chinese Immigration * The Library (Chairman: Rep. Hiester Clymer; Vice Chairman: Rep.

) *

Printing Printing is a process for mass reproducing text and images using a master form or template. The earliest non-paper products involving printing include cylinder seals and objects such as the Cyrus Cylinder and the Cylinders of Nabonidus. The ...

(Chairman: Rep. John L. Vance; Vice Chairmam: Rep. Latimer W. Ballou)

Caucuses

* Democratic (House) * Democratic (Senate)

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Architect of the Capitol The Architect of the Capitol is the Federal government of the United States, federal Government agency, agency responsible for the maintenance, operation, development, and preservation of the United States Capitol Complex. It is an agency of t ...

: Edward Clark *

Librarian of Congress The librarian of Congress is the head of the Library of Congress, appointed by the president of the United States with the advice and consent of the United States Senate, for a term of ten years. The librarian of Congress also appoints and overs ...

: Ainsworth Rand Spofford * Public Printer of the United States: Almon M. Clapp, from 1876

Senate

Chaplain A chaplain is, traditionally, a cleric (such as a minister, priest, pastor, rabbi, purohit, or imam), or a lay representative of a religious tradition, attached to a secular institution (such as a hospital, prison, military unit, intellige ...

: Byron Sunderland (

Presbyterian Presbyterianism is a historically Reformed Protestant tradition named for its form of church government by representative assemblies of elders, known as "presbyters". Though other Reformed churches are structurally similar, the word ''Pr ...

) *

Librarian A librarian is a person who professionally works managing information. Librarians' common activities include providing access to information, conducting research, creating and managing information systems, creating, leading, and evaluating educat ...

: George F. Dawson *

Secretary A secretary, administrative assistant, executive assistant, personal secretary, or other similar titles is an individual whose work consists of supporting management, including executives, using a variety of project management, program evalu ...

: George C. Gorham *

Sergeant at Arms A serjeant-at-arms or sergeant-at-arms is an officer appointed by a deliberative body, usually a legislature, to keep order during its meetings. The word "serjeant" is derived from the Latin , which means "servant". Historically, serjeants-at-a ...

: John R. French

House of Representatives

: John George Butler (

Lutheran Lutheranism is a major branch of Protestantism that emerged under the work of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German friar and Protestant Reformers, reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practices of the Catholic Church launched ...

), until December 6, 1875 ** I. L. Townsend (

Episcopalian Anglicanism, also known as Episcopalianism in some countries, is a Western Christian tradition which developed from the practices, liturgy, and identity of the Church of England following the English Reformation, in the context of the Protes ...

), from December 6, 1875 *

Clerk A clerk is a white-collar worker who conducts record keeping as well as general office tasks, or a worker who performs similar sales-related tasks in a retail environment. The responsibilities of clerical workers commonly include Records managem ...

: Edward McPherson, until December 6, 1875 ** George M. Adams, elected December 6, 1875 * Clerk at the Speaker’s Table: William H. Scudder * Doorkeeper: Lafayette H. Fitzhugh *

Postmaster A postmaster is the head of an individual post office, responsible for all postal activities in a specific post office. When a postmaster is responsible for an entire mail distribution organization (usually sponsored by a national government), ...

: James M. Steuart * Reading Clerks: Thomas S. Pettit (D) and Neill S. Brown Jr. (R) *

: Nehemiah G. Ordway, until December 6, 1875 ** John G. Thompson, elected December 6, 1875