The 3rd Air Defense Artillery Regiment is an

air defense artillery The Air Defense Artillery Branch is the Anti-aircraft warfare, air defense branch of the United States Army, specializing in the use of anti-aircraft weapons (such as surface-to-air missiles) to conduct anti-aircraft warfare operations. In the ...

regiment A regiment is a military unit. Its role and size varies markedly, depending on the country, military service, service, or administrative corps, specialisation. In Middle Ages, Medieval Europe, the term "regiment" denoted any large body of l ...

of the

United States Army The United States Army (USA) is the primary Land warfare, land service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is designated as the Army of the United States in the United States Constitution.Article II, section 2, clause 1 of th ...

, first formed in 1821 as the 3rd Regiment of Artillery.3d Air Defense Artillery Regiment Lineage and Honors (16 December 1996)
/ref>

History

Constituted 1 June 1821 in the

Regular Army A regular army is the official army of a state or country (the official armed forces), contrasting with irregular forces, such as volunteer irregular militias, private armies, mercenaries, etc. A regular army usually has the following: * a ...

as the 3rd Regiment of Artillery and organized from existing units with headquarters at Fort Washington, Maryland. The lineages of some of the units that initially made up the 3rd U.S. Artillery include campaign credit for the War of 1812. Twelve batteries of the 3rd U.S. Artillery served in the

American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861May 26, 1865; also known by Names of the American Civil War, other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union (American Civil War), Union ("the North") and the Confederate States of A ...

. Four batteries of the 3rd U.S. Artillery were assigned to Fort Jefferson, Florida in 1869. The 1st and 2nd Battalions of the regiment deployed to the Philippines in the

Spanish–American War The Spanish–American War (April 21 – August 13, 1898) was fought between Restoration (Spain), Spain and the United States in 1898. It began with the sinking of the USS Maine (1889), USS ''Maine'' in Havana Harbor in Cuba, and resulted in the ...

of 1898, while Battery F deployed to Puerto Rico. Regiment broken up 13 February 1901 and its elements reorganized and redesignated as separate numbered companies and batteries of the

Artillery Corps Artillery consists of ranged weapons that launch Ammunition, munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry firearms. Early artillery development focused on the ability to breach defensive walls and fortifications during sieges, and l ...

. Reconstituted 1 July 1924 in the Regular Army as the 3rd Coast Artillery (Harbor Defense) (Type B) and organized (less Batteries C, F, and G) with headquarters, 1st Battalion, and Batteries A & B at

Fort MacArthur Fort MacArthur is a former United States Army installation in San Pedro, Los Angeles, California (now the port community of Los Angeles). A small section remains in military use by the United States Air Force as a housing and administrative ann ...

, California in the Harbor Defenses of Los Angeles. The regiment was organized by redesignating the 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th, 31st, 34th, 35th, and 36th companies of the

Coast Artillery Corps The U.S. Army Coast Artillery Corps (CAC) was an Corps#Administrative corps, administrative corps responsible for coastal defence and fortification, coastal, harbor, and anti-aircraft Seacoast defense in the United States, defense of the United ...

(CAC). Batteries A, B, D, and E carried the lineage and designations of the corresponding batteries in the old 3rd Artillery.Gaines regular army, pp. 5–6 HHB 2nd Battalion and Battery D at Fort Rosecrans, California (HD San Diego) (Battery C inactive), and HHB 3rd Battalion and Battery E at Fort Stevens, Oregon (HD of the Columbia River) (Batteries F & G inactive). The

Oregon National Guard The Oregon Military Department is an agency of the Government of Oregon, government of the U.S. state of Oregon, which oversees the armed forces of the state of Oregon. Under the authority and direction of the Governor of Oregon, governor as ...

component of HD Columbia River was the 249th Coast Artillery from 1924 until October 1944, and the California National Guard component of HD Los Angeles and HD San Diego was the 251st Coast Artillery from 1924 until January 1930. Batteries A and B inactivated 1 March 1930 at San Pedro and Fort MacArthur, California, respectively; Batteries A and F activated 1 July 1939 at Fort MacArthur and Fort Stevens, respectively; Battery D inactivated 1 February 1940 at Fort Rosecrans (replaced by Battery A, 19th Coast Artillery), with Batteries E & F inactivated at Fort Stevens (they became Batteries A & B, 18th Coast Artillery); Battery B activated 1 July 1940 at Fort MacArthur; Batteries C, D, E, and F activated 2 December 1940 at Fort MacArthur; Batteries B & D exchanged designations mid-December 1940; Battery G (searchlight battery) activated 1 June 1941 at Los Angeles, California; Battery G inactivated 29 August 1941 at Los Angeles; Battery G activated 14 February 1942 at Fort MacArthur; Batteries C & D exchanged designations 1 October 1942. Regiment reorganized as Type A 21 August 1941. Regiment broken up 18 October 1944 and its elements reorganized and redesignated as follows: Headquarters and Headquarters Battery as Battery B, 521st Coast Artillery Battalion. 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Battalions as the 520th, 521st, and 522nd Coast Artillery Battalions, respectively. After 18 October 1944 the above units underwent changes as follows: 520th CA Battalion redesignated as 3rd CA Battalion 1 December 1944. 3rd CA Battalion, 521st CA Battalion, and 522nd CA Battalion, disbanded 15 September 1945 at Fort MacArthur, California. Reconstituted 28 June 1950 in the Regular Army and redesignated as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 3rd Antiaircraft Artillery Group. Activated 11 June 1951 at

Camp Stewart Fort Stewart is a United States Army post in the U.S. state of Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia. It lies primarily in Liberty County, Georgia, Liberty and Bryan County, Georgia, Bryan counties, but also extends into smaller portions of Evans County ...

, Georgia. Redesignated 20 March 1958 as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 3rd Artillery Group. Inactivated 15 December 1961 at Norfolk, Virginia. 520th Coast Artillery Battalion redesignated 1 December 1944 as the 3rd Coast Artillery Battalion. Disbanded 15 September 1945 at Fort MacArthur, California. Reconstituted 20 January 1950 in the Regular Army; concurrently consolidated with the 3rd Antiaircraft Artillery Automatic Weapons Battalion (active) (see ANNEX 1) and consolidated unit designated as the 3rd Antiaircraft Artillery Automatic Weapons Battalion, an element of the 3rd Infantry Division. Redesignated 15 April 1953 as the 3rd Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion. Inactivated 1 July 1957 at

Fort Benning Fort Benning (named Fort Moore from 2023–2025) is a United States Army post in the Columbus, Georgia area. Located on Georgia's border with Alabama, Fort Benning supports more than 120,000 active-duty military, family members, reserve compone ...

, Georgia, and relieved from assignment to the 3rd Infantry Division. 521st Coast Artillery Battalion disbanded 15 September 1945 at Fort MacArthur, California. Reconstituted 28 June 1950 in the Regular Army and redesignated as the 18th Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion. Redesignated 13 March 1952 as the 18th Antiaircraft Artillery Gun Battalion Activated 2 May 1952 at Fort Custer, Michigan. Redesignated 24 July 1953 as the 18th Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion. Redesignated 15 June 1957 as the 18th Antiaircraft Artillery Missile Battalion. Inactivated 1 September 1958 at Detroit, Michigan. 522nd Coast Artillery Battalion disbanded 15 September 1945 at Huntington Beach (Bolsa Chica Military Reservation), California. Reconstituted 28 June 1950 in the Regular Army; concurrently consolidated with the 43rd Antiaircraft Artillery Automatic Weapons Battalion (active) (see ANNEX 2) and consolidated unit designated as the 43rd Antiaircraft Artillery Automatic Weapons Battalion, an element of the 10th Infantry Division. Redesignated 15 June 1954 as the 43rd Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion Relieved 16 May 1957 from assignment to the 10th Infantry Division. Inactivated 14 November 1957 in Germany. Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 3rd Artillery Group; 18th Antiaircraft Artillery Missile Battalion; 3rd and 43rd Antiaircraft Artillery Battalions; and the 3rd Armored Field Artillery Battalion (organized in 1907) consolidated, reorganized, and redesignated 15 December 1961 as the ''3rd Artillery, a parent regiment under the Combat Arms Regimental System. 3rd Artillery (less former 3rd Armored Field Artillery Battalion) reorganized and redesignated 1 September 1971 as the 3rd Air Defense Artillery, a parent regiment under the Combat Arms Regimental System (former 3rd Armored Field Artillery Battalion concurrently reorganized and redesignated as the 3rd Field Artillery – hereafter separate lineage). Withdrawn 16 July 1989 from the Combat Arms Regimental System and reorganized under the United States Army Regimental System.

ANNEX 1 (534th AAA-AW Bn, 3rd AAA-AW Bn)

Constituted 6 July 1942 in the

Army of the United States The Army of the United States was one of the four major service components of the United States Army. Today, the Army consists of the Regular Army, the Army National Guard of the United States, the Army National Guard while in the service of the ...

as the 534th Coast Artillery Battalion (Antiaircraft) (Automatic Weapons).Stanton, p. 503 Activated 15 July 1942 at Fort Bliss, Texas. Departed New York port of embarkation 28 April 1943; arrived in North Africa 11 May 1943 and in Italy 9 September 1943. Redesignated 12 December 1943 as the 534th Antiaircraft Artillery Automatic Weapons Battalion. Has campaign credit for

Anzio Anzio (, also ; ) is a town and ''comune'' on region of Italy, about south of Rome. Well known for its seaside resorts, it is a fishing port and a departure point for ferries and hydroplanes to the Pontine Islands of Ponza, Palmarola, and Ve ...

. Moved to France as part of

Operation Dragoon Operation Dragoon (initially Operation Anvil), known as Débarquement de Provence in French ("Provence Landing"), was the code name for the landing operation of the Allies of World War II, Allied invasion of Provence (Southern France) on 15Augu ...

15 August 1944; has campaign credit for this and the

Battle of the Bulge The Battle of the Bulge, also known as the Ardennes Offensive or Unternehmen Die Wacht am Rhein, Wacht am Rhein, was the last major German Offensive (military), offensive Military campaign, campaign on the Western Front (World War II), Western ...

(Ardennes-Alsace). Returned to the US via the Hampton Roads port of embarkation 19 October 1945. Inactivated 19 October 1945 at Camp Patrick Henry, Virginia. Redesignated 9 December 1948 as the 3rd Antiaircraft Artillery Automatic Weapons Battalion and allotted to the Regular Army. Activated 15 January 1949 at Fort Bliss, Texas. (3rd Antiaircraft Artillery Automatic Weapons Battalion assigned 22 November 1949 to the 3rd Infantry Division).

ANNEX 2 (630th AAA-AW Bn, 43rd AAA-AW Bn)

Constituted 5 May 1942 in the Army of the United States as the 2nd Battalion, 504th Coast Artillery (Antiaircraft). Activated 1 July 1942 at Camp Hulen, Texas. Reorganized and redesignated 20 January 1943 as the 630th Coast Artillery Battalion (Antiaircraft) (Automatic Weapons).Stanton, p. 505 Departed Boston Port of Embarkation 28 April 1943; arrived in North Africa 12 May 1943; moved to Italy 9 September 1943. Has credit for four campaigns in Italy. Redesignated 12 December 1943 as the 630th Antiaircraft Artillery Automatic Weapons Battalion. Inactivated 26 September 1945 in Italy. Redesignated 18 June 1948 as the 43rd Antiaircraft Artillery Automatic Weapons Battalion and assigned to the 10th Infantry Division. Activated 1 July 1948 at

Fort Riley Fort Riley is a United States Army installation located in North Central Kansas, on the Kansas River, also known as the Kaw, between Junction City and Manhattan. The Fort Riley Military Reservation covers 101,733 acres (41,170 ha) in Ge ...

, Kansas.

Honors

Campaign participation credit

War of 1812: Canada Indian Wars: Seminoles; Washington 1858 Mexican War: Palo Alto; Resaca de la Palma; Monterey; Buena Vista; Vera Cruz; Cerro Gordo; Contreras; Churubusco; Molino del Rey; Chapultepec; Puebla 1847 Civil War: Peninsula; Antietam; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Wilderness; Spotsylvania; Petersburg; Shenandoah; Mississippi 1863; Tennessee 1863; Tennessee 1864; Virginia 1863 War with Spain: Manila World War II: Naples-Foggia (with arrowhead); Anzio (with arrowhead); Rome-Arno Southern France (with arrowhead); North Apennines; Ardennes-Alsace; Central Europe; Po Valley Korean War: CCF Intervention; First UN Counteroffensive; CCF Spring Offensive; UN Summer-Fall Offensive; Second Korean Winter; Korea, Summer-Fall 1952; Third Korean Winter; Korea, Summer 1953 Southwest Asia: Defense of Saudi Arabia; Liberation and Defense of Kuwait; Cease-Fire

Decorations

* Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), streamer embroidered EUROPEAN THEATER (630th AAA Auto-Weapons Battalion, 19 August 1945)

Current configuration

* 1st Battalion 3rd Air Defense Artillery Regiment * 2nd Battalion 3rd Air Defense Artillery Regiment * 3rd Battalion 3rd Air Defense Artillery Regiment * 4th Battalion 3rd Air Defense Artillery Regiment4/3 ADA home page
/ref> * 5th Battalion 3rd Air Defense Artillery Regiment

Coat of arms

Shield A shield is a piece of personal armour held in the hand, which may or may not be strapped to the wrist or forearm. Shields are used to intercept specific attacks, whether from close-ranged weaponry like spears or long ranged projectiles suc ...

Or, on a chevron gules above an imperial Chinese dragon of the like armed azure three mullets argent, on a chief of the second two pallets of the fourth an arrow in fess counterchanged. * Crest Out of a mural crown or masoned gules a garland the dexter branch cactus the sinister palm proper encircling a sun in splendor argent. * Motto Non Cedo Ferio (I Yield Not, I Strike).

Symbolism

* Shield Scarlet is used for artillery. The two white stripes on the scarlet chief, the colors of the campaign streamers for the War of 1812, commemorate the participation of several companies of the regiment. The arrow alludes to the Indian Wars. The chevron and stars indicate service in the Civil War. The stars also refer to the numerical designation of the regiment. The dragon represents service in China; the claws and teeth are blue to indicate that elements of the regiment served in the China Relief Expedition as infantry. * Crest The mural crown, cactus, and palm signify the regiment's participation in the Mexican War and elements of the regiment in the Philippine Insurrection. The sun in its glory commemorates the laurels earned by the regiment during its days of glory.

Distinctive unit insignia

The distinctive insignia is an adaptation of the crest and motto of the coat of arms.

References

* *
Gaines, William C., Coast Artillery Organizational History, 1917–1950, ''Coast Defense Journal'', vol. 23, issue 2

Gaines, William C., Historical Sketches Coast Artillery Regiments 1917–1950, National Guard Army Regiments 197–265
*

External links

* ttps://web.archive.org/web/20071221065300/http://www.history.army.mil/books/R&H/R&H-3Art.htm Birkhimer, Lt. William E., History of the 3rd US Artillery, 1821 through 1864* * {{DEFAULTSORT:003 003 Military in California Military units and formations established in 1971 Military units and formations established in 1821 1971 establishments in the United States