The 37th United States Congress was a meeting of the

legislative branch of the United States federal government The United States Congress is the legislative branch of the federal government of the United States. It is a bicameral legislature, including a lower body, the U.S. House of Representatives, and an upper body, the U.S. Senate. They both ...

, consisting of the

United States Senate The United States Senate is a chamber of the Bicameralism, bicameral United States Congress; it is the upper house, with the United States House of Representatives, U.S. House of Representatives being the lower house. Together, the Senate and ...

and the

United States House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives is a chamber of the Bicameralism, bicameral United States Congress; it is the lower house, with the U.S. Senate being the upper house. Together, the House and Senate have the authority under Artic ...

. It met in

Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly known as Washington or D.C., is the capital city and federal district of the United States. The city is on the Potomac River, across from Virginia, and shares land borders with ...

, from March 4, 1861, to March 4, 1863, during the first two years of

Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was the 16th president of the United States, serving from 1861 until Assassination of Abraham Lincoln, his assassination in 1865. He led the United States through the American Civil War ...

presidency A presidency is an administration or the executive, the collective administrative and governmental entity that exists around an office of president of a state or nation. Although often the executive branch of government, and often personified b ...

.Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress (1774–2005)
found online a
Congress Profiles: 37th Congress (1861–1863)
viewed October 24, 2016. The apportionment of seats in the

House of Representatives House of Representatives is the name of legislative bodies in many countries and sub-national entities. In many countries, the House of Representatives is the lower house of a bicameral legislature, with the corresponding upper house often ...

was based on the

1850 United States census The 1850 United States census was the seventh decennial United States Census Conducted by the Census Office, it determined the resident population of the United States to be 23,191,876—an increase of 35.9 percent over the 17,069,453 persons ...

. For the first time since the party's establishment, the

Republicans Republican can refer to: Political ideology * An advocate of a republic, a type of government that is not a monarchy or dictatorship, and is usually associated with the rule of law. ** Republicanism, the ideology in support of republics or agains ...

won the majority of both chambers, and thus full control of Congress. And with

becoming the first Republican

President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Film and television *'' Præsident ...

after being sworn in on March 4, 1861, the Republicans had their first ever overall federal government

trifecta Trifecta A trifecta is a parimutuel bet placed on a horse race in which the bettor must predict which horses will finish first, second, and third, in the exact order. Known as a trifecta in the US and Australia, this is known as a tricast in ...

Major events

* March 4, 1861: Republican pluralities are seated in Senate and House, becoming governing majorities in both Houses given vacancies among Southerners. Louisiana has 2 of 4 representatives remaining. Although represented in the Confederate Congress, Missouri and Kentucky remained with full delegations in the 37th Congress. * March 4, 1861: Abraham Lincoln is inaugurated President of the United States. * April 12–14, 1861:

Battle of Fort Sumter The Battle of Fort Sumter (also the Attack on Fort Sumter or the Fall of Fort Sumter) (April 12–13, 1861) was the bombardment of Fort Sumter near Charleston, South Carolina, by the South Carolina militia. It ended with the surrender of the ...

, Civil War began. * April 19, 1861:

Union blockade The Union blockade in the American Civil War was a naval strategy by the United States to prevent the Confederate States of America, Confederacy from trading. The blockade was proclaimed by President Abraham Lincoln in April 1861, and required ...

of the South begins at

Fort Monroe, Virginia Fort Monroe is a former military installation in Hampton, Virginia, at Old Point Comfort, the southern tip of the Virginia Peninsula, United States. It is currently managed by partnership between the Fort Monroe Authority for the Commonwealth ...

. * April 27, 1861: President Lincoln suspends habeas corpus from

, to

Philadelphia Philadelphia ( ), colloquially referred to as Philly, is the List of municipalities in Pennsylvania, most populous city in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania and the List of United States cities by population, sixth-most populous city in the Unit ...

and called up 75,000 militia. * May 6, 1861: Arkansas Secession Convention enacted an

Ordinance of Secession An Ordinance of Secession was the name given to multiple resolutions drafted and ratified in 1860 and 1861, at or near the beginning of the American Civil War, by which each seceding slave-holding Southern state or territory formally Secession in ...

.
Alt URL
/ref> * May 20, 1861: North Carolina Secession Convention enacted an

. * May 23, 1861: Virginia popular referendum ratified

. 5 of 12 U.S. Representatives remained. Two senators from the "

Restored Government of Virginia The Restored (or Reorganized) Government of Virginia was the Unionist government of Virginia during the American Civil War (1861–1865) in opposition to the government which had approved Virginia's seceding from the United States and join ...

" replaced the two who withdrew. * June 8, 1861: Tennessee popular referendum ratified

. 3 of 10 U.S. Representatives remain. One Senator,

Andrew Johnson Andrew Johnson (December 29, 1808July 31, 1875) was the 17th president of the United States, serving from 1865 to 1869. The 16th vice president, he assumed the presidency following the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. Johnson was a South ...

, remained. * July 21, 1861:

First Battle of Bull Run The First Battle of Bull Run, called the Battle of First Manassas
. by Confederate States ...

Union approach to Richmond is repulsed. * September 17, 1862:

Battle of Antietam The Battle of Antietam ( ), also called the Battle of Sharpsburg, particularly in the Southern United States, took place during the American Civil War on September 17, 1862, between Confederate General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virgi ...

rebel invasion into Maryland is repulsed. * September 22, 1862:

Emancipation Proclamation The Emancipation Proclamation, officially Proclamation 95, was a presidential proclamation and executive order issued by United States President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, during the American Civil War. The Proclamation had the eff ...

ordered, to begin January 1, 1863. * November 1862:

1862 and 1863 United States House of Representatives elections Year 186 ( CLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Aurelius and Glabrio (or, less frequently, year 939 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 186 for this ...

and

1862 and 1863 United States Senate elections Year 186 ( CLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Aurelius and Glabrio (or, less frequently, year 939 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 186 for this ...

: Democrats gained 31 House seats to 31% and lost 5 Senate seats to 19%.

Two special sessions

The Senate, a continuing body, was called into special session by President Lincoln, meeting from March 4 to 28, 1861. The border states and Texas were still represented. Shortly after the Senate session adjourned, Fort Sumter was attacked. The immediate results were to draw four additional states "into the confederacy with their more Southern sisters", and Lincoln called Congress into extraordinary session on July 4, 1861. The Senate confirmed calling forth troops and raising money to suppress rebellion as authorized in the Constitution. Both Houses then duly met July 4, 1861. Seven states which would send representatives held their state elections for Representative over the months of May to June 1861. Members taking their seats had been elected before the secession crisis, during the formation of the Confederate government, and after Fort Sumter. Once assembled with a quorum in the House, Congress approved Lincoln's war powers innovations as necessary to preserve the Union. Following the July Federal defeat at First Manassas, the

Crittenden Resolution Crittenden may refer to: Places in the United States * Crittenden County, Arkansas * Crittenden County, Kentucky ** Crittenden, Kentucky Crittenden is a home rule-class city in Grant and Kenton counties, Kentucky, in the United States. The p ...

asserted the reason for "the present deplorable civil war." It was meant as an address to the nation, especially to the Border States at a time of U.S. military reverses, when the war support in border state populations was virtually the only thing keeping them in the Union. Following resignations and expulsions occasioned by the outbreak of the Civil War, five states had some degree of dual representation in the U.S and the C.S. congresses. Congress accredited Members elected running in these five as Unionist (19), Democratic (6), Constitutional Unionist (1) and Republican (1). All ten Kentucky and all seven Missouri representatives were accepted. The other three states seated four of thirteen representatives from Virginia, three of ten Tennesseans, and two of four from Louisiana. The Crittenden Resolution declared the civil war "… has been forced upon the country by the disunionists of the southern States…" and it would be carried out for the supremacy of the Constitution and the preservation of the Union, and, that accomplished, "the war ought to cease". Democrats seized on this document, especially its assurances of no conquest or overthrowing domestic institutions (emancipation of slaves).

Slaves and slavery

Congressional policy and military strategy were intertwined. In the first regular March session, Republicans superseded the Crittenden Resolution, removing the prohibition against emancipation of slaves. In South Carolina, Gen.

David Hunter David Hunter (July 21, 1802 – February 2, 1886) was an American military officer. He served as a Union general during the American Civil War. He achieved notability for his unauthorized 1862 order (immediately rescinded) emancipating slaves ...

issued a General Order in early May 1862 freeing all slaves in Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina. President Lincoln quickly rescinded the order, reserving this "supposed power" to his own discretion if it were indispensable to saving the Union. Later in the same month without directly disobeying Lincoln's prohibition against emancipation, General

Benjamin Butler Benjamin Franklin Butler (November 5, 1818 – January 11, 1893) was an American major general (United States), major general of the Union Army, politician, lawyer, and businessman from Massachusetts. Born in New Hampshire and raised in Lowell, ...

Fort Monroe Fort Monroe is a former military installation in Hampton, Virginia, at Old Point Comfort, the southern tip of the Virginia Peninsula, United States. It is currently managed by partnership between the Fort Monroe Authority for the Commonwealth o ...

Virginia declared slaves escaped into his lines as "

contraband Contraband (from Medieval French ''contrebande'' "smuggling") is any item that, relating to its nature, is illegal to be possessed or sold. It comprises goods that by their nature are considered too dangerous or offensive in the eyes of the leg ...

of war", that is, forfeit to their rebel owners. On May 24, Congress followed General Butler's lead, and passed the First Confiscation Act in August, freeing slaves used for rebellion.McPherson, pp. 57–58. In Missouri,

John C. Frémont Major general (United States), Major-General John Charles Frémont (January 21, 1813July 13, 1890) was a United States Army officer, explorer, and politician. He was a United States senator from California and was the first History of the Repub ...

, the 1856 Republican nominee for president, exceeded his authority as a General, declaring that all slaves held by rebels within his military district would be freed. Republican majorities in Congress responded on opening day of the December Session. Sen.

Lyman Trumbull Lyman Trumbull (October 12, 1813 – June 25, 1896) was an American lawyer, judge, and politician who represented the state of Illinois in the United States Senate from 1855 to 1873. Trumbull was a leading abolitionist attorney and key polit ...

introduced a bill for confiscation of rebel property and emancipation for their slaves. "Acrimonious debate on confiscation proved a major preoccupation" of Congress. On March 13, 1862, Congress banned military officers from enforcing the Fugitive Slave Act under penalty of dismissal. The next month, the Congress abolished slavery in the District of Columbia with compensation for loyal citizens. An additional Confiscation Act in July declared free all slaves held by citizens in rebellion, but it had no practical effect without addressing where the act would take effect, or how ownership was to be proved. Lincoln's preliminary Emancipation Proclamation was issued September 22, 1862. It became the principal issue before the public in the mid-term elections that year for the 38th Congress. But Republican majorities in both houses held (see 'Congress as a campaign machine' below), and the Republicans actually increased their majority in the Senate. On January 1, 1863, the war measure by executive proclamation directed the army and the navy to treat all escaped slaves as free when entering Union lines from territory still in rebellion. The measure would take effect when the escaped slave entered Union lines and loyalty of the previous owner was irrelevant. Congress passed enabling legislation to carry out the Proclamation including "Freedman's Bureau" legislation. The practical effect was a massive internal evacuation of Confederate slave labor, and augmenting Union Army teamsters, railroad crews and infantry for the duration of the Civil War.

Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War

Congress assumed watchdog responsibilities with this and other investigating committees. The principle conflict between the president and congress was found in the Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War. Eight thick volumes of testimony were filled with investigations of Union defeats and contractor scandals. They were highly charged with partisan opinions "vehemently expressed" by chair Benjamin Wade of Ohio, Representative George Washington Julian of Indiana, and Zachariah Chandler of Michigan. Sen. Chandler, who had been one of McClellan's advocates promoting his spectacular rise, particularly documented criticism of McClellan's Peninsular Campaign with its circuitous maneuvering, endless entrenchment and murderous camp diseases. It led to support for his dismissal. A congressional committee could ruin a reputation, without itself having any military expertise. It would create the modern Congressional era in which generals fought wars with Congress looking over their shoulders, "and with public opinion following closely behind."

Republican Platform goals

Republican majorities in both houses, apart from pro-union Democrats, and without vacant southern delegations, were able to enact their party platform. These included the

Legal Tender Act Legal tender is a form of money that courts of law are required to recognize as satisfactory payment in court for any monetary debt. Each jurisdiction determines what is legal tender, but essentially it is anything which, when offered ("tender ...

, February 20, 1862, and increases in the tariff that amounted to protective tariffs. The Homestead Act, May 20, 1862, for government lands, and the Morrill Land Grant Act, July 2, 1862, for universities promoting practical arts in agriculture and mining, had no immediate war purpose. But they would have long range effects, as would the

Pacific Railroad Act The Pacific Railroad Acts of 1862 were a series of acts of Congress that promoted the construction of a "transcontinental railroad" (the Pacific Railroad) in the United States through authorizing the issuance of government bonds and the grants ...

, July 1, 1862, for a transcontinental railroad. Treasury innovations were driven by Secretary

Salmon P. Chase Salmon Portland Chase (January 13, 1808May 7, 1873) was an American politician and jurist who served as the sixth chief justice of the United States from 1864 to his death in 1873. Chase served as the 23rd governor of Ohio from 1856 to 1860, r ...

and necessity of war. The Income Tax of 1861, numerous taxes on consumer goods such as whiskey, and a national currency all began in Civil War Congresses.

Congress as election machinery

Member's floor speeches were not meant to be persuasive, but for publication in partisan newspapers. The real audience was the constituents back home. Congressional caucuses organized and funded political campaigns, publishing pamphlet versions of speeches and circulating them by the thousands free of postage on the member's franking privilege. Party congressional committees stayed in Washington during national campaigns, keeping an open flow of subsidized literature pouring back into the home districts. Nevertheless, like other Congresses in the 1850s and 1860s, this Congress would see less than half of its membership reelected. The characteristic turmoil found in the "3rd Party Period, 1855-1896" stirred political party realignment in the North even in the midst of civil war. In this Congress, failure to gain nomination and loss at the general election together accounted for a Membership turnover of 25%.

Major legislation

* August 5, 1861:

Revenue Act of 1861 The Revenue Act of 1861, formally cited as Act of August 5, 1861, Chap. XLV, 12 Stat. 292', included the first U.S. Federal income tax statute (seSec. 49. The Act, motivated by the need to fund the Civil War, imposed an income tax to be "levied, c ...

, Sess. 1, ch. 45, * August 6, 1861:

Confiscation Act of 1861 The Confiscation Act of 1861 was an act of Congress during the early months of the American Civil War permitting military confiscation and subsequent court proceedings for any property being used to support the Confederate independence effort, i ...

, Sess. 1, ch. 60, * February 19, 1862: Anti-Coolie Act, Sess. 1, ch. 24, 27, * February 25, 1862: Legal Tender Act of 1862, Sess. 2, ch. 33, * April 16, 1862:

District of Columbia Compensated Emancipation Act An Act for the Release of certain Persons held to Service or Labor in the District of Columbia, 37th Cong., Sess. 2, ch. 54, , known colloquially as the District of Columbia Compensated Emancipation Act or simply Compensated Emancipation Act, ...

, Sess. 2, ch. 54, * May 15, 1862: An Act to Establish a Department of Agriculture, Sess. 2, ch. 72, * May 20, 1862:

Homestead Act The Homestead Acts were several laws in the United States by which an applicant could acquire ownership of Federal lands, government land or the American frontier, public domain, typically called a Homestead (buildings), homestead. In all, mo ...

, Sess. 2, ch. 75, * May 20, 1862: Washington County Public Primary Schools Act ("An Act to provide for the Public Instruction of Youth in Primary Schools throughout the County of Washington, in the District of Columbia, without the Limits of the Cities of Washington and Georgetown"), Sess. 2, ch. 77, * May 21, 1862: Georgetown and Washington Cities Colored Children Education Act ("An Act providing for the Education of Colored Children in the Cities of Washington and Georgetown, District of Columbia, and for other Purposes"), Sess. 2, ch. 83, * June 19, 1862: An Act to secure Freedom to all persons within the Territories of the United States, Sess. 2, ch 111, * July 1, 1862:

Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act The Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act ( 37th United States Congress, Sess. 2., ch. 126, ) was a federal enactment of the United States Congress that was signed into law on July 1, 1862, by President Abraham Lincoln. Sponsored by Justin Smith Morrill of ...

, Sess. 2, ch. 126, * July 1, 1862:

Revenue Act of 1862 The Revenue Act of 1862 (July 1, 1862, Ch. 119, ), was a bill the United States Congress passed to help fund the American Civil War. President Abraham Lincoln signed the act into law on July 1, 1862. The act established the office of the Commiss ...

, Sess. 2, ch. 119, * July 1, 1862: Pacific Railway Act, Sess. 2, ch. 120, * July 2, 1862: Morrill Land Grant Colleges Act, Sess. 2, ch. 130, * July 11, 1862: Georgetown and Washington Cities Colored Children Schools Act ("An Act relating to Schools for the Education of Colored Children in the Cities of Washington and Georgetown, in the District of Columbia"), Sess. 2, ch. 151, * July 17, 1862: Militia Act of 1862, Sess. 2, ch. 201, * February 25, 1863:

National Bank Act The National Banking Acts of 1863 and 1864 were two United States federal banking acts that established a system of national banks chartered at the federal level, and created the United States National Banking System. They encouraged developmen ...

, Sess. 3, ch 58, * March 2, 1863:

False Claims Act False or falsehood may refer to: * False (logic), the negation of truth in classical logic * Lie or falsehood, a type of deception in the form of an untruthful statement * False statement, aka a falsehood, falsity, misstatement or untruth, is a st ...

, Sess. 3, ch. 67, * March 3, 1863:

Enrollment Act The Enrollment Act of 1863 (, enacted March 3, 1863) also known as the Civil War Military Draft Act, was an Act passed by the United States Congress during the American Civil War to provide fresh manpower for the Union Army. The Act was the fir ...

, Sess. 3, ch. 75, * March 3, 1863: Habeas Corpus Suspension Act, Sess. 3, ch. 81, * March 3, 1863: Tenth Circuit Act,

States admitted and territories organized

States admitted

* December 31, 1862:

West Virginia West Virginia is a mountainous U.S. state, state in the Southern United States, Southern and Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States.The United States Census Bureau, Census Bureau and the Association of American ...

admitted, Sess. 3, ch. 6, , pending a presidential proclamation. (It became a state on June 20, 1863.)

Territories organized

* July 14, 1862:

Nevada Nevada ( ; ) is a landlocked state in the Western United States. It borders Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast, and Utah to the east. Nevada is the seventh-most extensive, th ...

–

Utah Utah is a landlocked state in the Mountain states, Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It is one of the Four Corners states, sharing a border with Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico. It also borders Wyoming to the northea ...

boundary line moved to the east, enlarging Nevada and reducing Utah in size, Sess. 2, ch. 12, * February 24, 1863:

Arizona Territory The Territory of Arizona, commonly known as the Arizona Territory, was a territory of the United States that existed from February 24, 1863, until February 14, 1912, when the remaining extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the ...

organized, Sess. 3, ch. 56, * March 3, 1863:

Idaho Territory The Territory of Idaho was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 3, 1863, until July 3, 1890, when the final extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as Idaho. History 1860s The territory ...

organized, Sess. 3, ch. 117,

States in rebellion

Congress did not accept

secession Secession is the formal withdrawal of a group from a Polity, political entity. The process begins once a group proclaims an act of secession (such as a declaration of independence). A secession attempt might be violent or peaceful, but the goal i ...

. Most of the Representatives and Senators from states that attempted to secede left Congress; those who took part in the rebellion were expelled. * Secessions declared during previous Congress: South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas. **

Louisiana Louisiana ( ; ; ) is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It borders Texas to the west, Arkansas to the north, and Mississippi to the east. Of the 50 U.S. states, it ranks 31st in area and 25 ...

Congressional Districts LA 1 and 2, two of its four representatives remained seated in the 37th Congress. * Secessions declared during this Congress: ** April 17, 1861:

Virginia Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States between the East Coast of the United States ...

(The pro-Union

's two senators were seated, along with duly elected Representatives for VA 1, 7, 10, 11 and 12, five of its 13 representatives in the House.) ** May 6, 1861:

Arkansas Arkansas ( ) is a landlocked state in the West South Central region of the Southern United States. It borders Missouri to the north, Tennessee and Mississippi to the east, Louisiana to the south, Texas to the southwest, and Oklahoma ...

** May 20, 1861:

North Carolina North Carolina ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, South Carolina to the south, Georgia (U.S. stat ...

** June 8, 1861:

Tennessee Tennessee (, ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Kentucky to the north, Virginia to the northeast, North Carolina t ...

(Sen.

and three of the ten duly elected members of the House did not recognize secession and retained their seats in TN 2, 3 and 4.) Although secessionist factions passed resolutions of secession in

Missouri Missouri (''see #Etymology and pronunciation, pronunciation'') is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. Ranking List of U.S. states and territories by area, 21st in land area, it border ...

October 31, 1861, and in

Kentucky Kentucky (, ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north, West Virginia to the ...

November 20, 1861, their state delegations in the U.S. Congress remained in place, seven from Missouri and ten from Kentucky. Exile state governments resided with Confederate armies out-of-state, army-elected congressional representatives served as a solid pro-Jefferson Davis administration voting bloc in the Confederate Congress.

Party summary

Senate

House of Representatives

Leadership

Senate

Hannibal Hamlin Hannibal Hamlin (August 27, 1809 – July 4, 1891) was an American politician and diplomat who was the 15th vice president of the United States, serving from 1861 to 1865, during President Abraham Lincoln's first term. He was the first Republi ...

(R) * President pro tempore:

Solomon Foot Solomon Foot (November 19, 1802March 28, 1866) was an American politician and attorney. He held numerous offices during his career, including Speaker of the Vermont House of Representatives, State's Attorney for Rutland County, member of the U ...

(R) *

Republican Conference Chairman The Senate Republican Conference is the formal organization of the Republican senators in the United States Senate. Over the last century, the mission of the conference has expanded and been shaped as a means of informing the media of the opin ...

John P. Hale John Parker Hale (March 31, 1806November 19, 1873) was an American politician and lawyer from New Hampshire. He served in the United States House of Representatives from 1843 to 1845 and in the United States Senate from 1847 to 1853 and again fro ...

House of Representatives

* Speaker: Galusha A. Grow (R)

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives by district. :'' Skip to House of Representatives, below''

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1862; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1864; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1866.

Alabama Alabama ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Deep South, Deep Southern regions of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gu ...

: 2. Vacant : 3. Vacant

Arkansas Arkansas ( ) is a landlocked state in the West South Central region of the Southern United States. It borders Missouri to the north, Tennessee and Mississippi to the east, Louisiana to the south, Texas to the southwest, and Oklahoma ...

: 2. William K. Sebastian (D), until July 11, 1861, vacant thereafter : 3. Charles B. Mitchel (D), until July 11, 1861, vacant thereafter

California California () is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States that lies on the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. It borders Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and shares Mexico–United States border, an ...

: 1. Milton S. Latham (D) : 3. James A. McDougall (D)

Connecticut Connecticut ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York (state), New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. ...

: 1. James Dixon (R) : 3. Lafayette S. Foster (R)

Delaware Delaware ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic and South Atlantic states, South Atlantic regions of the United States. It borders Maryland to its south and west, Pennsylvania to its north, New Jersey ...

: 1. James A. Bayard Jr. (D) : 2. Willard Saulsbury Sr. (D)

Florida Florida ( ; ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders the Gulf of Mexico to the west, Alabama to the northwest, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the north, the Atlantic ...

: 1. Vacant : 3. Vacant

Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the South Caucasus * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the southeastern United States Georgia may also refer to: People and fictional characters * Georgia (name), a list of pe ...

: 2. Vacant : 3. Vacant

Illinois Illinois ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. It borders on Lake Michigan to its northeast, the Mississippi River to its west, and the Wabash River, Wabash and Ohio River, Ohio rivers to its ...

: 2.

Stephen A. Douglas Stephen Arnold Douglas (né Douglass; April 23, 1813 – June 3, 1861) was an American politician and lawyer from Illinois. As a United States Senate, U.S. senator, he was one of two nominees of the badly split Democratic Party (United States) ...

(D), until June 3, 1861 :: Orville H. Browning (R), June 26, 1861 – January 12, 1863 :: William A. Richardson (D), from January 12, 1863 : 3.

(R)

Indiana Indiana ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Michigan to the northwest, Michigan to the north and northeast, Ohio to the east, the Ohio River and Kentucky to the s ...

: 1. Jesse D. Bright (D), until February 5, 1862 :: Joseph A. Wright (U), February 24, 1862 – January 14, 1863 ::

David Turpie David Battle Turpie (July 8, 1828 – April 21, 1909) was an American politician who served as a Senator from Indiana from 1887 until 1899; he also served as Chairman of the Senate Democratic Caucus from 1898 to 1899 during the last year of his ...

(D), from January 14, 1863 : 3. Henry S. Lane (R)

Iowa Iowa ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the upper Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders the Mississippi River to the east and the Missouri River and Big Sioux River to the west; Wisconsin to the northeast, Ill ...

: 2. James W. Grimes (R) : 3. James Harlan (R)

Kansas Kansas ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Nebraska to the north; Missouri to the east; Oklahoma to the south; and Colorado to the west. Kansas is named a ...

: 2. Jim Lane (R), from April 4, 1861 : 3. Samuel C. Pomeroy (R), from April 4, 1861

Kentucky Kentucky (, ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north, West Virginia to the ...

: 2. Lazarus W. Powell (D) : 3. John C. Breckinridge (D), until December 4, 1861 :: Garrett Davis (UU), from December 23, 1861

Louisiana Louisiana ( ; ; ) is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It borders Texas to the west, Arkansas to the north, and Mississippi to the east. Of the 50 U.S. states, it ranks 31st in area and 25 ...

: 2. Vacant : 3. Vacant

Maine Maine ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the United States, and the northeasternmost state in the Contiguous United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Provinces and ...

: 1. Lot M. Morrill (R) : 2. William P. Fessenden (R)

Maryland Maryland ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It borders the states of Virginia to its south, West Virginia to its west, Pennsylvania to its north, and Delaware to its east ...

: 1.

Anthony Kennedy Anthony McLeod Kennedy (born July 23, 1936) is an American attorney and jurist who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1988 until his retirement in 2018. He was nominated to the court in 1987 by Pres ...

(UU) : 3. James Pearce (D), until December 20, 1862 :: Thomas H. Hicks (UU), from December 29, 1862

Massachusetts Massachusetts ( ; ), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Maine to its east, Connecticut and Rhode ...

: 1.

Charles Sumner Charles Sumner (January 6, 1811March 11, 1874) was an American lawyer and statesman who represented Massachusetts in the United States Senate from 1851 until his death in 1874. Before and during the American Civil War, he was a leading American ...

(R) : 2.

Henry Wilson Henry Wilson (born Jeremiah Jones Colbath; February 16, 1812 – November 22, 1875) was the 18th vice president of the United States, serving from 1873 until his death in 1875, and a United States Senate, senator from Massachusetts from 1855 to ...

(R)

Michigan Michigan ( ) is a peninsular U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest, Upper Midwestern United States. It shares water and land boundaries with Minnesota to the northwest, Wisconsin to the west, ...

: 1.

Zachariah Chandler Zachariah Chandler (December 10, 1813 – November 1, 1879) was an American businessman, politician, and one of the founders of the Republican Party, whose radical wing he dominated as a lifelong abolitionist. He was mayor of Detroit, a four-ter ...

(R) : 2. Kinsley S. Bingham (R), until October 5, 1861 ::

Jacob M. Howard Jacob Merritt Howard (July 10, 1805 – April 2, 1871) was an American attorney and politician. He was most notable for his service as a U.S. Representative and U.S. Senator from the state of Michigan, and his political career spanned the Ame ...

(R), from January 17, 1862

Minnesota Minnesota ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Upper Midwestern region of the United States. It is bordered by the Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Ontario to the north and east and by the U.S. states of Wisconsin to the east, Iowa to the so ...

: 1. Henry M. Rice (D) : 2. Morton S. Wilkinson (R)

Mississippi Mississippi ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Deep South regions of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Alabama to the east, the Gulf of Mexico to the south, Louisiana to the s ...

: 1. Vacant : 2. Vacant

Missouri Missouri (''see #Etymology and pronunciation, pronunciation'') is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. Ranking List of U.S. states and territories by area, 21st in land area, it border ...

: 1. Trusten Polk (D), until January 10, 1862 :: John B. Henderson (UU), from January 17, 1862 : 3. Waldo P. Johnson (D), March 17, 1861 – January 10, 1862 :: Robert Wilson (UU), from January 17, 1862

New Hampshire New Hampshire ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Gulf of Maine to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec t ...

: 2.

(R) : 3. Daniel Clark (R)

New Jersey New Jersey is a U.S. state, state located in both the Mid-Atlantic States, Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern United States, Northeastern regions of the United States. Located at the geographic hub of the urban area, heavily urbanized Northeas ...

: 1. John R. Thomson (D), until September 12, 1862 :: Richard S. Field (R), November 21, 1862 – January 14, 1863 :: James W. Wall (D), from January 14, 1863 : 2. John C. Ten Eyck (R)

New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York New York may also refer to: Places United Kingdom * ...

: 1. Preston King (R) : 3.

Ira Harris Ira Harris (May 31, 1802December 2, 1875) was an American jurist and senator from New York. He was also a friend of Abraham Lincoln. Life Ira Harris was born in Charleston, New York on May 31, 1802. He grew up on a farm, and graduated from Unio ...

(R)

North Carolina North Carolina ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, South Carolina to the south, Georgia (U.S. stat ...

: 2. Thomas Bragg (D), until March 6, 1861, vacant thereafter : 3. Thomas L. Clingman (D), until March 28, 1861, vacant thereafter

Ohio Ohio ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Erie to the north, Pennsylvania to the east, West Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Indiana to the ...

: 1. Benjamin F. Wade (R) : 3.

(R), until March 7, 1861 ::

John Sherman John Sherman (May 10, 1823October 22, 1900) was an American politician from Ohio who served in federal office throughout the Civil War and into the late nineteenth century. A member of the Republican Party, he served in both houses of the U. ...

(R), from March 21, 1861

Oregon Oregon ( , ) is a U.S. state, state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. It is a part of the Western U.S., with the Columbia River delineating much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington (state), Washington, while t ...

: 2. Edward D. Baker (R), until October 21, 1861 ::

Benjamin Stark Benjamin Stark (June 26, 1820October 10, 1898) was an American merchant and politician in Oregon. A native of Louisiana, he purchased some of the original tracts of land for the city of Portland. He later served in the Oregon House of Representat ...

(D), October 29, 1861 – September 12, 1862 :: Benjamin F. Harding (D), from September 12, 1862 : 3. James W. Nesmith (D)

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania, officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a U.S. state, state spanning the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern United States, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes region, Great Lakes regions o ...

: 1.

Simon Cameron Simon Cameron (March 8, 1799June 26, 1889) was an American businessman and politician who represented Pennsylvania in the United States Senate and served as United States Secretary of War under President Abraham Lincoln at the start of the Ameri ...

(R), until March 4, 1861 :: David Wilmot (R), from March 14, 1861 : 3.

Edgar Cowan Edgar Cowan (September 19, 1815August 31, 1885) was an American lawyer and Republican politician from Greensburg, Pennsylvania. He represented Pennsylvania in the United States Senate during the American Civil War. A native of Sewickley Towns ...

(R)

Rhode Island Rhode Island ( ) is a state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Connecticut to its west; Massachusetts to its north and east; and the Atlantic Ocean to its south via Rhode Island Sound and Block Is ...

: 1. James F. Simmons (R), until August 15, 1862 :: Samuel G. Arnold (R), from December 1, 1862 : 2.

Henry B. Anthony Henry Bowen Anthony (April 1, 1815 – September 2, 1884) was a United States newspaperman and political figure. He served as editor and was later part owner of the ''Providence Journal''. He was the 21st Governor of Rhode Island, serving bet ...

(R)

South Carolina South Carolina ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders North Carolina to the north and northeast, the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast, and Georgia (U.S. state), Georg ...

: 2. Vacant : 3. Vacant

Tennessee Tennessee (, ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Kentucky to the north, Virginia to the northeast, North Carolina t ...

: 1.

(D), until March 4, 1862, vacant thereafter : 2. Vacant

Texas Texas ( , ; or ) is the most populous U.S. state, state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. It borders Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the we ...

: 1. Louis Wigfall (D), until March 23, 1861, vacant thereafter : 2. John Hemphill (D), until July 11, 1861, vacant thereafter

Vermont Vermont () is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east, New York (state), New York to the west, and the Provinces and territories of Ca ...

: 1.

(R) : 3. Jacob Collamer (R)

Virginia Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States between the East Coast of the United States ...

: 1. James M. Mason (D), until March 28, 1861 :: Waitman T. Willey (UU), from July 9, 1861 : 2.

Robert M. T. Hunter Robert Mercer Taliaferro Hunter (April 21, 1809 – July 18, 1887) was an American lawyer, politician and planter. He was a United States House of Representatives, U.S. representative (1837–1843, 1845–1847), Speaker of the United ...

(D), until March 28, 1861 ::

John S. Carlile John Snyder Carlile (December 16, 1817October 24, 1878) was an American merchant, lawyer, slaveowner and politician, including a United States senator. A strong supporter of the Union cause during the American Civil War, he represented the loy ...

(UU), from July 9, 1861

Wisconsin Wisconsin ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest of the United States. It borders Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake Michigan to the east, Michig ...

: 1.

James R. Doolittle James Rood Doolittle Sr. (January 3, 1815July 27, 1897) was an American lawyer, politician, and Wisconsin pioneer. He represented Wisconsin for 12 years as a United States senator, from March 4, 1857, to March 4, 1869. During h ...

(R) : 3. Timothy O. Howe (R) 37th United States Congress Senators

House of Representatives

Members of the House of Representatives are listed by their districts.

Alabama Alabama ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Deep South, Deep Southern regions of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gu ...

: . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant

Arkansas Arkansas ( ) is a landlocked state in the West South Central region of the Southern United States. It borders Missouri to the north, Tennessee and Mississippi to the east, Louisiana to the south, Texas to the southwest, and Oklahoma ...

: . Vacant : . Vacant

California California () is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States that lies on the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. It borders Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and shares Mexico–United States border, an ...

All representatives were elected statewide on a

general ticket The general ticket or party block voting (PBV), is a type of block voting in which voters opt for a party or a team of candidates, and the highest-polling party/team becomes the winner and receives 100% of the seats for this multi-member distric ...

. : . Frederick F. Low (R), from June 3, 1862 : . Timothy G. Phelps (R) : . Aaron A. Sargent (R)

Connecticut Connecticut ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York (state), New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. ...

: . Dwight Loomis (R) : . James E. English (D) : . Alfred A. Burnham (R) : . George C. Woodruff (D)

Delaware Delaware ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic and South Atlantic states, South Atlantic regions of the United States. It borders Maryland to its south and west, Pennsylvania to its north, New Jersey ...

: . George P. Fisher (UU)

Florida Florida ( ; ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders the Gulf of Mexico to the west, Alabama to the northwest, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the north, the Atlantic ...

: . Vacant

Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the South Caucasus * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the southeastern United States Georgia may also refer to: People and fictional characters * Georgia (name), a list of pe ...

: . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant

Illinois Illinois ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. It borders on Lake Michigan to its northeast, the Mississippi River to its west, and the Wabash River, Wabash and Ohio River, Ohio rivers to its ...

: . Elihu B. Washburne (R) : . Isaac N. Arnold (R) : . Owen Lovejoy (R) : . William Kellogg (R) : . William A. Richardson (D), until January 29, 1863, vacant thereafter : . John A. McClernand (D), until October 28, 1861 :: Anthony L. Knapp (D), from December 12, 1861 : . James C. Robinson (D) : . Philip B. Fouke (D) : . John A. Logan (D), until April 2, 1862 :: William J. Allen (D), from June 2, 1862

Indiana Indiana ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Michigan to the northwest, Michigan to the north and northeast, Ohio to the east, the Ohio River and Kentucky to the s ...

: .

John Law John Law may refer to: Arts and entertainment * John Law (artist) (born 1958), American artist * John Law (comics), comic-book character created by Will Eisner * John Law (film director), Hong Kong film director * John Law (musician) (born 1961) ...

(D) : . James A. Cravens (D) : . William McKee Dunn (R) : . William S. Holman (D) : . George W. Julian (R) : . Albert G. Porter (R) : .

Daniel W. Voorhees Daniel Wolsey Voorhees (September 26, 1827April 10, 1897) was an American lawyer and politician who served as a United States Senator from Indiana from 1877 to 1897. He was the leader of the Democratic Party and an anti-war Copperhead during ...

(D) : . Albert S. White (R) : .

Schuyler Colfax Schuyler Colfax Jr. ( ; March 23, 1823January 13, 1885) was an American journalist, businessman, and politician who served as the 17th vice president of the United States from 1869 to 1873, and prior to that as the 25th Speaker of the United Sta ...

(R) : . William Mitchell (R) : . John P. C. Shanks (R)

Iowa Iowa ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the upper Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders the Mississippi River to the east and the Missouri River and Big Sioux River to the west; Wisconsin to the northeast, Ill ...

: .

Samuel Curtis Samuel Curtis (born in Walworth, Surrey on 29 August 1779-died at La Chaire, Rozel Bay, Jersey, on 6 January 1860

(R), until August 4, 1861 :: James F. Wilson (R), from October 8, 1861 : . William Vandever (R)

Kansas Kansas ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Nebraska to the north; Missouri to the east; Oklahoma to the south; and Colorado to the west. Kansas is named a ...

: . Martin F. Conway (R)

Kentucky Kentucky (, ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north, West Virginia to the ...

: . Henry C. Burnett (D), until December 3, 1861 :: Samuel L. Casey (UU), from March 10, 1862 : . James S. Jackson (UU), until December 13, 1861 :: George H. Yeaman (UU), from December 1, 1862 : . Henry Grider (UU) : . Aaron Harding (UU) : . Charles A. Wickliffe (UU) : . George W. Dunlap (UU) : .

Robert Mallory Robert Mallory (November 15, 1815 – August 11, 1885) was an American politician and lawyer. Biography Born on November 15, 1815, in Madison Court House, Virginia, Mallory attended private schools and graduated from the University of V ...

(UU) : . John J. Crittenden (UU) : . William H. Wadsworth (UU) : . John W. Menzies (UU)

Louisiana Louisiana ( ; ; ) is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It borders Texas to the west, Arkansas to the north, and Mississippi to the east. Of the 50 U.S. states, it ranks 31st in area and 25 ...

: . Benjamin F. Flanders (UA), from December 3, 1862 : . Michael Hahn (UA), from December 3, 1862 : . Vacant : . Vacant

Maine Maine ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the United States, and the northeasternmost state in the Contiguous United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Provinces and ...

: . John N. Goodwin (R) : . Charles W. Walton (R), until May 26, 1862 :: Thomas A. D. Fessenden (R), from December 1, 1862 : . Samuel C. Fessenden (R) : . Anson P. Morrill (R) : . John H. Rice (R) : . Frederick A. Pike (R)

Maryland Maryland ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It borders the states of Virginia to its south, West Virginia to its west, Pennsylvania to its north, and Delaware to its east ...

: . John W. Crisfield (UU) : . Edwin H. Webster (UU) : . Cornelius L. L. Leary (UU) : . Henry May (UU) : . Francis Thomas (UU) : . Charles B. Calvert (UU)

Massachusetts Massachusetts ( ; ), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Maine to its east, Connecticut and Rhode ...

: . Thomas D. Eliot (R) : . James Buffington (R) : . Charles F. Adams Sr. (R), until May 1, 1861 :: Benjamin Thomas (U), from June 11, 1861 : . Alexander H. Rice (R) : . William Appleton (CU), until September 27, 1861 :: Samuel Hooper (R), from December 2, 1861 : . John B. Alley (R) : . Daniel W. Gooch (R) : . Charles R. Train (R) : . Goldsmith F. Bailey (R), until May 8, 1862 :: Amasa Walker (R), from December 1, 1862 : . Charles Delano (R) : . Henry L. Dawes (R)

Michigan Michigan ( ) is a peninsular U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest, Upper Midwestern United States. It shares water and land boundaries with Minnesota to the northwest, Wisconsin to the west, ...

: . Bradley F. Granger (R) : . Fernando C. Beaman (R) : . Francis W. Kellogg (R) : .

Rowland E. Trowbridge Rowland Ebenezer Trowbridge (June 18, 1821 – April 20, 1881) was an American politician from Michigan. A United States congressman from Michigan's 4th congressional district from 1861 to 1863 and again from 1865 to 1869, he worked on agricultur ...

(R)

Minnesota Minnesota ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Upper Midwestern region of the United States. It is bordered by the Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Ontario to the north and east and by the U.S. states of Wisconsin to the east, Iowa to the so ...

Both representatives were elected statewide on a

. : . Cyrus Aldrich (R) : .

William Windom William Windom may refer to: * William Windom (politician) (1827–1891), U.S. representative from Minnesota * William Windom (actor) (1923–2012), his great-grandson, American actor See also * William Windham (disambiguation) {{hndis, Wi ...

(R)

Mississippi Mississippi ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Deep South regions of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Alabama to the east, the Gulf of Mexico to the south, Louisiana to the s ...

: . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant

Missouri Missouri (''see #Etymology and pronunciation, pronunciation'') is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. Ranking List of U.S. states and territories by area, 21st in land area, it border ...

: . Francis P. Blair Jr. (R) : . James S. Rollins (CU) : . John B. Clark (D), until July 13, 1861 :: William A. Hall (D), from January 20, 1862 : . Elijah H. Norton (D) : . John W. Reid (D), until August 3, 1861 :: Thomas L. Price (D), from January 21, 1862 : . John S. Phelps (D) : . John W. Noell (D)

New Hampshire New Hampshire ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Gulf of Maine to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec t ...

: . Gilman Marston (R) : . Edward H. Rollins (R) : . Thomas M. Edwards (R)

New Jersey New Jersey is a U.S. state, state located in both the Mid-Atlantic States, Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern United States, Northeastern regions of the United States. Located at the geographic hub of the urban area, heavily urbanized Northeas ...

: . John T. Nixon (R) : . John L. N. Stratton (R) : .

William G. Steele William Gaston Steele (December 17, 1820, Somerville, New Jersey – April 22, 1892, Somerville, New Jersey) was a 19th Century American banker who served as a Democratic Party politician. He served two terms as a U.S. congressman, repres ...

(D) : . George T. Cobb (D) : . Nehemiah Perry (D)

New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York New York may also refer to: Places United Kingdom * ...

: . Edward H. Smith (D) : . Moses F. Odell (D) : . Benjamin Wood (D) : . James E. Kerrigan (ID) : . William Wall (R) : . Frederick A. Conkling (R) : . Elijah Ward (D) : . Isaac C. Delaplaine (D) : . Edward Haight (D) : . Charles H. Van Wyck (R) : . John B. Steele (D) : . Stephen Baker (R) : . Abram B. Olin (R) : .

Erastus Corning Erastus Corning (December 14, 1794 – April 9, 1872) was an American businessman and politician from Albany, New York. A Democratic Party (United States), Democrat, he was most notable for his service as mayor of Albany, New York, mayor of Alba ...

(D) : . James B. McKean (R) : . William A. Wheeler (R) : . Socrates N. Sherman (R) : . Chauncey Vibbard (D) : . Richard Franchot (R) : .

Roscoe Conkling Roscoe Conkling (October 30, 1829April 18, 1888) was an American lawyer and Republican Party (United States), Republican politician who represented New York (state), New York in the United States House of Representatives and the United States Se ...

(R) : . R. Holland Duell (R) : . William E. Lansing (R) : . Ambrose W. Clark (R) : . Charles B. Sedgwick (R) : . Theodore M. Pomeroy (R) : . Jacob P. Chamberlain (R) : . Alexander S. Diven (R) : . Robert B. Van Valkenburgh (R) : . Alfred Ely (R) : . Augustus Frank (R) : . Burt Van Horn (R) : . Elbridge G. Spaulding (R) : . Reuben Fenton (R)

North Carolina North Carolina ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, South Carolina to the south, Georgia (U.S. stat ...

: . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant

Ohio Ohio ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Erie to the north, Pennsylvania to the east, West Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Indiana to the ...

: .

George H. Pendleton George Hunt Pendleton (July 19, 1825November 24, 1889) was an American politician, lawyer and diplomat. He represented Ohio in both houses of Congress and was the unsuccessful Democratic nominee for Vice President of the United States in 1864. A ...

(D) : . John A. Gurley (R) : .

Clement Vallandigham Clement Laird Vallandigham ( ; July 29, 1820 – June 17, 1871) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the leader of the Copperhead (politics), Copperhead faction of Opposition to the American Civil War, anti-war History of the Unit ...

(D) : . William Allen (D) : . James M. Ashley (R) : . Chilton A. White (D) : .

Thomas Corwin Thomas Corwin (July 29, 1794 – December 18, 1865), also known as Tom Corwin, The Wagon Boy, and Black Tom was a politician from the state of Ohio. He represented Ohio in both houses of Congress and served as the 15th governor of Ohio and the 2 ...

(R), until March 12, 1861 :: Richard A. Harrison (U), from July 4, 1861 : .

Samuel Shellabarger Samuel Shellabarger (18 May 1888 – 21 March 1954) was an American educator and author of both scholarly works and best-selling historical novels. Born 18 May 1888 in Washington, D.C., Shellabarger was orphaned in infancy, upon the death of both ...

(R) : . Warren P. Noble (D) : . Carey A. Trimble (R) : . Valentine B. Horton (R) : . Samuel S. Cox (D) : .

(R), until March 21, 1861 :: Samuel T. Worcester (R), from July 4, 1861 : . Harrison G. O. Blake (R) : . Robert H. Nugen (D) : . William P. Cutler (R) : . James R. Morris (D) : .

Sidney Edgerton Sidney Edgerton (August 17, 1818 – July 19, 1900) was an American politician, lawyer, judge and teacher from Ohio. He served during the American Civil War, as a Cincinnati in the American Civil War#1862 invasion threat, Squirrel Hunter. During ...

(R) : . Albert G. Riddle (R) : . John Hutchins (R) : .

John Bingham John Armor Bingham (January 21, 1815 – March 19, 1900) was an American politician who served as a Republican representative from Ohio and as the United States ambassador to Japan. In his time as a congressman, Bingham served as both assis ...

(R)

Oregon Oregon ( , ) is a U.S. state, state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. It is a part of the Western U.S., with the Columbia River delineating much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington (state), Washington, while t ...

: . Andrew J. Thayer (D), until July 30, 1861 :: George K. Shiel (D), from July 30, 1861

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania, officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a U.S. state, state spanning the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern United States, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes region, Great Lakes regions o ...

: . William E. Lehman (D) : .

Edward Joy Morris Edward Joy Morris (July 16, 1815December 31, 1881) was an American politician and diplomat. He served as a Whig member of the U.S. House of Representatives for Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district from 1843 to 1845 and as a Republican me ...

(R), until June 8, 1861 :: Charles J. Biddle (D), from July 2, 1861 : . John P. Verree (R) : . William D. Kelley (R) : .

William Morris Davis William Morris Davis (February 12, 1850 – February 5, 1934) was an American geographer, geologist, geomorphologist, and meteorologist, often called the "father of American geography". He was born into a prominent Quaker family in Philadelphi ...

(R) : . John Hickman (R) : . Thomas B. Cooper (D), until April 4, 1862 :: John D. Stiles (D), from June 3, 1862 : . Sydenham E. Ancona (D) : .

Thaddeus Stevens Thaddeus Stevens (April 4, 1792August 11, 1868) was an American politician and lawyer who served as a member of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania, being one of the leaders of the Radical Republican faction of the Histo ...

(R) : . John W. Killinger (R) : . James H. Campbell (R) : . George W. Scranton (R), until March 24, 1861 :: Hendrick B. Wright (D), from July 4, 1861 : .

Philip Johnson Philip Cortelyou Johnson (July 8, 1906 – January 25, 2005) was an American architect who designed modern and postmodern architecture. Among his best-known designs are his modernist Glass House in New Canaan, Connecticut; the postmodern 550 ...

(D) : . Galusha A. Grow (R) : . James T. Hale (R) : . Joseph Bailey (D) : . Edward McPherson (R) : . Samuel S. Blair (R) : . John Covode (R) : . Jesse Lazear (D) : .

James K. Moorhead James Kennedy Moorhead (September 7, 1806 – March 6, 1884) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania. Biography James K. Moorhead was born in Halifax, Pennsylvania. He served an apprenticeship at the t ...

(R) : . Robert McKnight (R) : . John W. Wallace (R) : . John Patton (R) : . Elijah Babbitt (R)

Rhode Island Rhode Island ( ) is a state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Connecticut to its west; Massachusetts to its north and east; and the Atlantic Ocean to its south via Rhode Island Sound and Block Is ...

: . William P. Sheffield (U) : . George H. Browne (U)

South Carolina South Carolina ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders North Carolina to the north and northeast, the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast, and Georgia (U.S. state), Georg ...

: . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant

Tennessee Tennessee (, ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Kentucky to the north, Virginia to the northeast, North Carolina t ...

: . Vacant : .

Horace Maynard Horace Maynard (August 30, 1814 – May 3, 1882) was an American educator, attorney, politician and diplomat active primarily in the second half of the 19th century. Initially elected to the House of Representatives from Tennessee's 2nd Cong ...

(UU) : . George W. Bridges (UU), from February 25, 1863 : . Andrew J. Clements (UU) : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant

Texas Texas ( , ; or ) is the most populous U.S. state, state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. It borders Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the we ...

: . Vacant : . Vacant

Vermont Vermont () is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east, New York (state), New York to the west, and the Provinces and territories of Ca ...

: . Eliakim P. Walton (R) : . Justin S. Morrill (R) : . Portus Baxter (R)

Virginia Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States between the East Coast of the United States ...

: . Joseph E. Segar (UU), from May 6, 1862''Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress, (1774–2005)'',
Official Annotated Membership Roster by State with Vacancy and Special Election Information for the 37th Congress
". : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Charles H. Upton (UU), July 4, 1861 – February 27, 1862 :: Lewis McKenzie (UU), from February 16, 1863 : . Vacant : . Vacant : .

William G. Brown Sr. William Gay Brown Sr. (September 25, 1800 – April 19, 1884) was a nineteenth-century politician and lawyer from Virginia, who was twice elected to the Virginia General Assembly and thrice to the U.S. House of Representatives. He also served at ...

(UU) : .

(UU), until July 9, 1861 :: Jacob B. Blair (UU), from December 2, 1861 : . Kellian Whaley (UU) : . Vacant

Wisconsin Wisconsin ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest of the United States. It borders Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake Michigan to the east, Michig ...

: . John F. Potter (R) : .

Luther Hanchett Luther Hanchett (October 25, 1825 – November 24, 1862) was an American lawyer, politician, and Wisconsin pioneer. He represented Wisconsin in the United States House of Representatives and was a member of the Wisconsin State Senate. Biogr ...

(R), until November 24, 1862 :: Walter D. McIndoe (R), from January 26, 1863 : . A. Scott Sloan (R)

Non-voting members

: . Hiram P. Bennet (R), from August 19, 1861 : . John B. S. Todd (D), from December 9, 1861 : . Samuel G. Daily (R) : .

John Cradlebaugh John Cradlebaugh (February 22, 1819 – February 22, 1872) was the first delegate to the United States House of Representatives from Nevada Territory. Biography Born in Circleville, Ohio, he attended the common schools; Kenyon College (in Gambie ...

(I), from December 2, 1861 : . John S. Watts (R) : . John M. Bernhisel (I) : . William H. Wallace (R) 37 us house membership

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of this Congress.

Senate

, - ,

(3) , Vacant , Did not take seat until after Congress commenced. , nowrap , Waldo P. Johnson (D) , March 17, 1861 , - ,

Kansas Kansas ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Nebraska to the north; Missouri to the east; Oklahoma to the south; and Colorado to the west. Kansas is named a ...

(2) , Vacant , Election not recognized by US Senate. , nowrap , Jim Lane (R) , April 4, 1861 , - ,

(3) , Vacant , Election not recognized by the Senate. , nowrap , Samuel C. Pomeroy (R) , April 4, 1861 , - ,

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania, officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a U.S. state, state spanning the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern United States, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes region, Great Lakes regions o ...

(1) , nowrap ,

(R) , Resigned March 4, 1861, to become

Secretary of War The secretary of war was a member of the U.S. president's Cabinet, beginning with George Washington's administration. A similar position, called either "Secretary at War" or "Secretary of War", had been appointed to serve the Congress of the ...

.
Successor was elected. , nowrap , David Wilmot (R) , March 14, 1861 , - ,

(2) , nowrap , Thomas Bragg (D) , WithdrewWithdrawal" meant that these senators announced they were withdrawing from the Senate due to their states' decisions to secede from the Union. Their seats were later declared vacant by the Senate, but some seats were actually unfilled since the beginning of this Congress on March 4, 1861. March 6, 1861; expelled later in 1861. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter , - ,

Ohio Ohio ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Erie to the north, Pennsylvania to the east, West Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Indiana to the ...

(3) , nowrap ,

(R) , Resigned March 7, 1861, to become

Secretary of the Treasury The United States secretary of the treasury is the head of the United States Department of the Treasury, and is the chief financial officer of the federal government of the United States. The secretary of the treasury serves as the principal a ...

.
Successor was elected. , nowrap ,

(R) , March 21, 1861 , - ,

Texas Texas ( , ; or ) is the most populous U.S. state, state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. It borders Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the we ...

(1) , nowrap , Louis T. Wigfall (D) , Withdrew March 23, 1861. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter , - ,

(3) , nowrap , Thomas L. Clingman (D) , Withdrew March 28, 1861; expelled later in 1861. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter , - ,

(2) , nowrap ,

(D) , Withdrew March 28, 1861, and later expelled for support of the rebellion.
Successor was elected. , nowrap ,

(UU) , July 9, 1861 , - ,

(1) , nowrap , James M. Mason (D) , Expelled March 28, 1861, for supporting the rebellion.
Successor was elected. , nowrap , Waitman T. Willey (UU) , July 9, 1861 , - ,

Illinois Illinois ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. It borders on Lake Michigan to its northeast, the Mississippi River to its west, and the Wabash River, Wabash and Ohio River, Ohio rivers to its ...

(2) , nowrap ,

(D) , Died June 3, 1861.
Successor was appointed. , nowrap , Orville H. Browning (R) , June 26, 1861 , - ,

(2) , nowrap , John Hemphill (D) , Expelled sometime in July 1861. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter , - ,

(2) , nowrap , Orville H. Browning (R) , Interim appointee lost election to finish the term.
Successor elected January 12, 1863. , nowrap , William A. Richardson (D) , January 30, 1863 , - ,

(2) , nowrap , William K. Sebastian (D) , Expelled July 11, 1861. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter , - ,

(3) , nowrap , Charles B. Mitchel (D) , Expelled July 11, 1861. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter , - ,

Michigan Michigan ( ) is a peninsular U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest, Upper Midwestern United States. It shares water and land boundaries with Minnesota to the northwest, Wisconsin to the west, ...

(2) , nowrap , Kinsley S. Bingham (R) , Died October 5, 1861.
Successor was elected. , nowrap ,

(R) , January 17, 1862 , - ,

Oregon Oregon ( , ) is a U.S. state, state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. It is a part of the Western U.S., with the Columbia River delineating much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington (state), Washington, while t ...

(2) , nowrap , Edward D. Baker (R) , Killed at

Battle of Ball's Bluff The Battle of Ball's Bluff (also known as the Battle of Leesburg or Battle of Harrison's Island) was an early battle of the American Civil War fought in Loudoun County, Virginia, on October 21, 1861, in which Union Army forces under Major Gener ...

October 21, 1861.
Successor was appointed. , nowrap ,

(D) , October 29, 1861 , - ,

(3) , nowrap , John C. Breckinridge (D) , Expelled December 4, 1861, for supporting the rebellion.
Successor was elected. , nowrap , Garrett Davis (UU) , December 23, 1861 , - ,

(1) , nowrap , Trusten Polk (D) , Expelled January 10, 1862, for supporting the rebellion.
Successor was appointed. , nowrap , John B. Henderson (UU) , January 17, 1862 , - ,

(3) , nowrap , Waldo P. Johnson (D) , Expelled January 10, 1862, for disloyalty to the government.
Successor was appointed. , nowrap , Robert Wilson (UU) , January 17, 1862 , - ,

Indiana Indiana ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Michigan to the northwest, Michigan to the north and northeast, Ohio to the east, the Ohio River and Kentucky to the s ...

(1) , nowrap , Jesse D. Bright (D) , Expelled February 5, 1862, on charges of disloyalty.
Successor was appointed. , nowrap , Joseph A. Wright (U) , February 24, 1862 , - ,

(1) , nowrap ,

(D) , Resigned March 4, 1862. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter , - ,

Rhode Island Rhode Island ( ) is a state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Connecticut to its west; Massachusetts to its north and east; and the Atlantic Ocean to its south via Rhode Island Sound and Block Is ...

(1) , nowrap , James F. Simmons (R) , Resigned August 15, 1862.
Successor was elected. , nowrap , Samuel G. Arnold (R) , December 1, 1862 , - ,

New Jersey New Jersey is a U.S. state, state located in both the Mid-Atlantic States, Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern United States, Northeastern regions of the United States. Located at the geographic hub of the urban area, heavily urbanized Northeas ...

(1) , nowrap , John R. Thomson (D) , Died September 12, 1862.
Successor was appointed. , nowrap , Richard S. Field (R) , November 21, 1862 , - ,

(2) , nowrap ,

(D) , Retired September 12, 1862, upon election of a successor. , nowrap , Benjamin F. Harding (D) , September 12, 1862 , - ,

Maryland Maryland ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It borders the states of Virginia to its south, West Virginia to its west, Pennsylvania to its north, and Delaware to its east ...

(3) , nowrap , James Pearce (D) , Died December 20, 1862.
Successor was appointed. , nowrap , Thomas H. Hicks (UU) , December 29, 1862 , - ,

(1) , nowrap , Joseph A. Wright (U) , Retired January 14, 1863, upon election of a successor. , nowrap ,

(D) , January 14, 1863 , - ,

(1) , nowrap , Richard S. Field (R) , Retired January 14, 1863, upon election of a successor. , nowrap , James W. Wall (D) , January 14, 1863

House of Representatives

, - , , colspan=2 , New seat. , nowrap , Hiram P. Bennett (Conservative R) , August 19, 1861 , - , , colspan=2 , New seat. , nowrap ,

(I) , December 2, 1861 , - , , colspan=2 , New seat. , nowrap , John B. S. Todd (D) , December 9, 1861 , - , , colspan=2 , Vacant. , nowrap , Benjamin F. Flanders (U) , December 3, 1862 , - , , colspan=2 , Vacant. , nowrap , Michael Hahn (UU) , December 3, 1862 , - , , Vacant , Representative-elect George W. Bridges was arrested by Confederate troops while en route to Washington, D.C., and held prisoner before he escaped. , nowrap , George W. Bridges (UU) , February 25, 1863 , - , , colspan=2 , Vacant. , nowrap , Joseph E. Segar (UU) , May 6, 1862 , - , , Vacant , Low not permitted to take seat, qualified later under special act of Congress, , nowrap , Frederick F. Low (R) , June 3, 1862 , - , , colspan=2 , Vacant. , nowrap , Charles H. Upton (UU) , July 4, 1861 , - , , nowrap ,

(R) , Resigned March 12, 1861, to become Minister to Mexico. , nowrap , Richard A. Harrison (U) , July 4, 1861 , - , , nowrap ,

(R) , Resigned March 12, 1861, when elected U.S. Senator. , nowrap , Samuel T. Worcester (R) , July 4, 1861 , - , , nowrap , George W. Scranton (R) , Died March 24, 1861. , nowrap , Hendrick B. Wright (D) , July 4, 1861 , - , , nowrap , Charles F. Adams Sr. (R) , Resigned May 1, 1861, to become Ambassador to Great Britain. , nowrap , Benjamin Thomas (U) , June 11, 1861 , - , , nowrap ,

(R) , Resigned June 8, 1861, to become Minister Resident to Turkey. , nowrap , Charles J. Biddle (D) , July 2, 1861 , - , , nowrap ,

(UU) , Resigned July 9, 1861, to become United States Senator from the loyal faction of Virginia. , nowrap , Jacob B. Blair (UU) , December 2, 1861 , - , , nowrap , John Bullock Clark (D) , Expelled July 13, 1861, for having taken up arms against the Union. , nowrap , William A. Hall (D) , January 20, 1862 , - , , nowrap , Andrew J. Thayer (D) , Election was successfully contested July 30, 1861. , nowrap , George K. Shiel (D) , July 30, 1861 , - , , nowrap , John W. Reid (D) , Withdrew August 3, 1861, and then expelled December 2, 1861, for having taken up arms against the Union. , nowrap , Thomas L. Price (D) , January 21, 1862 , - , , nowrap ,

Samuel Curtis Samuel Curtis (born in Walworth, Surrey on 29 August 1779-died at La Chaire, Rozel Bay, Jersey, on 6 January 1860

(R) , Resigned August 4, 1861, to become colonel of the 2nd Iowa Infantry. , nowrap , James F. Wilson (R) , October 8, 1861 , - , , nowrap , William Appleton (CU) , Resigned September 27, 1861, due to failing health. , nowrap , Samuel Hooper (R) , December 2, 1861 , - , , nowrap , John A. McClernand (D) , Resigned October 28, 1861, to accept a commission as brigadier general of volunteers for service in the Civil War. , nowrap , Anthony L. Knapp (D) , December 12, 1861 , - , , nowrap , Henry C. Burnett (D) , Expelled December 3, 1861, for support of secession. , nowrap , Samuel L. Casey (UU) , March 10, 1862 , - , , nowrap , James S. Jackson (UU) , Resigned December 13, 1861, to enter the Union Army. , nowrap , George H. Yeaman (UU) , December 1, 1862 , - , , nowrap , Charles H. Upton (UU) , Declared not entitled to seat February 27, 1862. , nowrap , Lewis McKenzie (UU) , February 16, 1863 , - , , nowrap , John A. Logan (D) , Resigned April 2, 1862, to enter the Union Army. , nowrap , William J. Allen (D) , June 2, 1862 , - , , nowrap , Thomas B. Cooper (D) , Died April 4, 1862. , nowrap , John D. Stiles (D) , June 3, 1862 , - , , nowrap , Goldsmith F. Bailey (R) , Died May 8, 1862. , nowrap , Amasa Walker (R) , December 1, 1862 , - , , nowrap , Charles W. Walton (R) , Resigned May 26, 1862, to become associate justice of the

Maine Supreme Judicial Court The Maine Supreme Judicial Court is the highest court in the state of Maine's judicial system. It is composed of seven justices, who are appointed by the governor and confirmed by the Maine Senate. Between 1820 and 1839, justices served lifetime ...

. , nowrap , Thomas A. D. Fessenden (R) , December 1, 1862 , - , , nowrap ,

(R) , Died November 24, 1862. , nowrap , Walter D. McIndoe (R) , January 26, 1863 , - , , nowrap , William A. Richardson (D) , Resigned January 29, 1863, after being elected to the U.S. Senate. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter

Committees

Senate

Standing committees of the Senate resolved, Friday, March 8, 1861

Foreign Relations Foreign policy, also known as external policy, is the set of strategies and actions a State (polity), state employs in its interactions with other states, unions, and international entities. It encompasses a wide range of objectives, includ ...

(R-Massachusetts) (Chairman) * Jacob Collamer (R-Vermont) *

James Rood Doolittle James Rood Doolittle Sr. (January 3, 1815July 27, 1897) was an American lawyer, politician, and Wisconsin pioneer. He represented Wisconsin for 12 years as a United States senator, from March 4, 1857, to March 4, 1869. During ...

(R-Wisconsin) *

(R-New York) *

(D-Illinois) * Trusten Polk (D-Missouri) * John C. Breckinridge (D-Kentucky)

Finance Finance refers to monetary resources and to the study and Academic discipline, discipline of money, currency, assets and Liability (financial accounting), liabilities. As a subject of study, is a field of Business administration, Business Admin ...

* William P. Fessenden (R-Maine) (Chairman) * James F. Simmons (R-Rhode Island) * Jacob Collamer (R-Vermont) * Benjamin F. Wade (R-Massachusetts) * Timothy O. Howe (R-Wisconsin) *

(D-Virginia) * James Pearce (D-Maryland) * Jesse D. Bright (D-Indiana)

Commerce Commerce is the organized Complex system, system of activities, functions, procedures and institutions that directly or indirectly contribute to the smooth, unhindered large-scale exchange (distribution through Financial transaction, transactiona ...

(R-Michigan) (Chairman) * Preston King (R-New York) * Lot Morrill (R-Maine) *

(R-Massachusetts) * Thomas L. Clingman (D-North Carolina) * Samuel G. Arnold (R-Rhode Island) * Willard Saulsbury Jr. (D-North Carolina) *

(D-Tennsessee)

Military Affairs and Militia

(R-Massachusetts) (Chairman) * Preston King (R-New York) * Edward D. Baker (R-Oregon) * Henry S. Lane (R-Indiana) * Jim Lane (R-Kansas) * Henry M. Rice (R-Minnesota) * Milton S. Latham (D-California) * John C. Breckinridge (D-Kentucky) *

(R-Michigan)

Naval Affairs

(R-New Hampshire) (Chairman) * James W. Grimes (R-Iowa) *

(R-Vermont) *

(R-New Hampshire) * John Renshaw Thomson (R-New Jersey) *

(UU-Maryland) * Richard Stockton Field (R-New Jersey) *

(D-Ohio)

Judiciary The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law ...

(R-Ohio) (Chairman) * Lafayette S. Foster (R-Connecticut) * John C. Ten Eyck (R-New Jersey) *

(R-Michigan) *

(R-New York) *

(R-Pennsylvania) * James A. Bayard Jr. (D-Delaware) * Lazarus W. Powell (D-Kentucky) * Thomas L. Clingman (D-North Carolina)

Post Offices and Post Roads

* Jacob Collamer (R-Vermont) (Chairman) * James Dixon (R-Connecticut) *

Benjamin Wade Benjamin Franklin "Bluff" Wade (October 27, 1800March 2, 1878) was an American lawyer and politician who served as a United States Senator for Ohio from 1851 to 1869. He is known for his leading role among the Radical Republicans.

(R-Connecticut) *

(R-Illinois) * Henry M. Rice (D-Minnesota) * Jesse D. Bright (D-Indiana) * Milton S. Latham (D-California)

Public Lands In all modern states, a portion of land is held by central or local governments. This is called public land, state land, or Crown land (Commonwealth realms). The system of tenure of public land, and the terminology used, varies between countries. ...

* James Harlan (R-Iowa) (Chairman) * Kinsley S. Bingham (R-Michigan) * Daniel Clark (R-New Hampshire) * Morton S. Wilkinson (R-Minnesota) *

(D-Tennsessee) * Joseph A. Wright (U-Indiana) * Benjamin F. Harding (D-Oregon) * Thomas Bragg (D-North Carolina) * Samuel C. Pomeroy (R-Kansas) *

(UU-Virginia)

Private Land Claims

(R-New York) (Chairman) * John C. Ten Eyck (R-New York) *

(R-New York) * Trusten Polk (D-Missouri) * James A. Bayard Jr. (D-Delaware) * Henry M. Rice (D-Minnesota) * Daniel Clark (R-New Hampshire)

Indian Affairs

(R-Wisconsin) (Chairman) * Edward D. Baker (D-Oregon) *

(D-Pennsylvania) * John C. Ten Eyck (R-New Jersey) * William K. Sebastian (D-Arkansas) * Henry M. Rice (D-Minnesota) * James W. Nesmith (D-Oregon)

Pensions A pension (; ) is a fund into which amounts are paid regularly during an individual's working career, and from which periodic payments are made to support the person's retirement from work. A pension may be either a "defined benefit plan", wher ...

* Lafayette S. Foster (R-Michigan) (Chairman) * Kinsley S. Bingham (R-Minnesota) * Henry S. Lane (R-Indiana) * James F. Simmons (R-Rhode Island) * Willard Saulsbury Sr. (D-Delaware) * Samuel C. Pomeroy (R-Kansas) * Waitman T. Willey (UU-Virginia)

Revolutionary Claims

* Preston King (R-New York) (Chairman) *

(R-Michigan) * Morton S. Wilkinson (D-Minnesota) *

(R-New Hampshire) * James W. Nesmith (D-Oregon)

Claims

* Daniel Clark (R-New Hampshire) (Chairman) * James F. Simmons (R-Rhode Island) * Timothy O. Howe (R-Wisconsin) *

(R-Pennsylvania) * Thomas Bragg (D-North Carolina) * Trusten Polk (D-Missouri) * Samuel C. Pomeroy (R-Kansas) * Richard Stockton Field (R-New Jersey) * David Wilmot (R-Pennsylvania) * Milton S. Latham (D-California)

District of Columbia Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly known as Washington or D.C., is the capital city and Federal district of the United States, federal district of the United States. The city is on the Potomac River, across from ...

* James W. Grimes (R-Iowa) (Chairman) *

(R-Rhode Island) * Lot Morrill (R-Maine) * Benjamin F. Wade (R-Ohio) *

(UU-Maryland) * Thomas L. Clingman (D-North Carolina) * John B. Henderson (D-Missouri)

Patents and Patent Office

* James F. Simmons (R-Rhode Island) (Chairman) *

(R-Massachusetts) *

(R-Wisconsin) *

(R-Pennsylvania) * John R. Thomson (D-New Jersey) * William K. Sebastian (D-Arkansas) * Willard Saulsbury Sr. (D-Delaware) * Richard Stockton Field (R-New Jersey)

Public Buildings and Grounds

(R-Vermont) (Chairman) * James Dixon (R-Connecticut) *

(R-Michigan) * Jesse D. Bright (D-Indiana) *

(UU-Maryland) * John B. Henderson (D-Missouri)

Territories A territory is an area of land, sea, or space, belonging or connected to a particular country, person, or animal. In international politics, a territory is usually a geographic area which has not been granted the powers of self-government, ...

* James Mitchell Ashley (R-Ohio) (Chairman) * Morton S. Wilkinson (R-Minnesota) *

(R-Pennsylvania) *

(R-New Hampshire) *

(D-Illinois) * William K. Sebastian (D-Arkansas) * Thomas Bragg (D-North Carolina) *

(UU-Virginia) *

Orville Hickman Browning Orville Hickman Browning (February 10, 1806 – August 10, 1881) was an attorney in Illinois and a politician who was active in the Whig and Republican Parties. He served as a U.S. Senator and the 9th United States Secretary of the Inter ...

(R-Illinois) *

(D-Tennessee) * Samuel C. Pomeroy (R-Kansas)

Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate

* James Dixon (R-Connecticut) (Chairman) * Daniel Clark (R-New Hampshire) *

(D-Tennessee) * Benjamin F. Harding (D-Oregon)

Printing Printing is a process for mass reproducing text and images using a master form or template. The earliest non-paper products involving printing include cylinder seals and objects such as the Cyrus Cylinder and the Cylinders of Nabonidus. The ...

(R-Rhode Island) (Chairman) * James Harlan (R-Iowa) * Lazarus W. Powell (D-Kentucky)

Engrossed Bills

* Jim Lane (R-Kansas) (Chairman) * Lot Morrill (R-Maryland) * Samuel G. Arnold (R-Rhode Island) * Charles B. Mitchel (D-Arkansas)

Enrolled Bills

* Kinsley S. Bingham (R-Michigan) (Chairman) * Edward D. Baker (R-Oregon) * Waitman T. Willey (UU-Virginia) * Willard Saulsbury Sr. (D-Delaware)

The Library

* James Pearce (D-Maryland) (Chairman) * Jacob Collamer (R-Vermont) * William P. Fessenden (R-Maine)

Order in the Galleries (Select)

(R-Rhode Island) *

James Murray Mason James Murray Mason (November 3, 1798April 28, 1871) was an American lawyer and politician who became a Confederate diplomat. He served as U.S. Senator from Virginia for fourteen years, having previously represented Virginia's 15th congression ...

(D-Virginia) * Benjamin F. Wade (R-Ohio)

House of Representatives

Members by committee assignments,

Congressional Globe The ''Congressional Record'' is the official record of the proceedings and debates of the United States Congress, published by the United States Government Publishing Office and issued when Congress is in session. The Congressional Record Ind ...

, as published July 8, 1861. Spellings conform to those found in the Congressional Biographical Dictionary. Unless otherwise noted, all committees listed are Standing, as found at the Library of Congress

Accounts

* James Buffinton (R-Massachusetts) (Chairman) * Edward H. Rollins (R-New Hampshire) * William E. Lehman (D-Pennsylvania) * Samuel T. Worcester (R-Ohio) * George W. Dunlap (UU-Kentucky)

Agriculture Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, and forestry for food and non-food products. Agriculture was a key factor in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created ...

* Owen Lovejoy (R-Illinois) * Dwight Loomis (R-Connecticut) * Charles B. Calvert (UU-Maryland) * Edward H. Smith (R-New York) * Jacob P. Chamberlain (R-New York) * John P.C. Shanks (R-Indiana) * Joseph Bailey (D-Pennsylvania) * Samuel T. Worcester (R-Ohio) * Cyrus Aldrich (R-Minnesota)

Claims

* Reuben E. Fenton (R-New York) *

Eliakim Persons Walton Eliakim "E. P. Walton" Persons Walton (February 17, 1812 – December 19, 1890) was an American journalist, editor and politician. He served as a United States House of Representatives, U.S. Representative from Vermont. Biography Walton was bor ...

(R-Vermont) * William S. Holman (D-Indiana) * John Hutchins (R-Ohio) * James T. Hale (R-Pennsylvania) * John W. Noell (D-Missouri) * R. Holland Duell (R-New York) * Edwin H. Webster (UU-Maryland) * John W. Wallace (R-Pennsylvania)

Commerce Commerce is the organized Complex system, system of activities, functions, procedures and institutions that directly or indirectly contribute to the smooth, unhindered large-scale exchange (distribution through Financial transaction, transactiona ...

* Elihu B. Washburne (R-Illinois) (Chairman) * Thomas D. Eliot (R-Massachusetts) * Elijah Ward (D-New York) * John T. Nixon (R-New Jersey) * Elijah Babbitt (R-Pennsylvania) * John A. Gurley (R-Ohio) * James S. Rollins (CU-Missouri) * Cornelius L. L. Leary (UU-Maryland) * William P. Sheffield (R-Rhode Island)

Confiscation of Rebel Property (Select)

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

District of Columbia Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly known as Washington or D.C., is the capital city and Federal district of the United States, federal district of the United States. The city is on the Potomac River, across from ...

* James M. Ashley (R-Ohio) * Charles B. Calvert (UU-Maryland) * Richard Franchot (R-Ohio) * Edward H. Rollins (R-New Hampshire) *

(R-Pennsylvania) * Charles H. Upton (UU-Virginia)

Elections An election is a formal group decision-making process whereby a population chooses an individual or multiple individuals to hold public office. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operated ...

* Henry L. Dawes (R-Massachusetts) (Chairman) * James H. Campbell (R-Pennsylvania) *

(D-Indiana) * James B. McKean (R-New York) * Dwight Loomis (R-Connecticut) * Portus Baxter (R-Vermont) * George H. Browne (D-Rhode Island) * John W. Menzies (D-Vermont)

Emancipation Emancipation generally means to free a person from a previous restraint or legal disability. More broadly, it is also used for efforts to procure Economic, social and cultural rights, economic and social rights, civil and political rights, po ...

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

Expenditures in the State Department

* James B. McKean (R-New York) (Chairman) * James C. Robinson (D-Illinois) * John T. Nixon (R-New Jersey) * William Vandever (R-Iowa) * Charles H. Upton (UU-Virginia)

Expenditures in the Treasury Department

* Moses F. Odell (D-New York) (Chairman) * James H. Campbell (R-Pennsylvania) * John A. Bingham (R-Ohio) * Alexander H. Rice (R-Massachusetts) *

(D-New Jersey)

Expenditures in the War Department

* William A. Wheeler (R-New York) * Samuel R. Curtis (R-Iowa) * Chauncey Vibbard (D-New York) * William Mitchell (R-Indiana) * James S. Rollins (UU-Maryland)

Expenditures in the Post Office Department

* John W. Killinger (R-Pennsylvania) (Chairman) * Charles A. Wickliffe (UU-Kentucky) * Carey A. Trimble (R-Ohio) * Francis W. Kellogg (R-Michigan) * Edward H. Smith (D-New York)

Expenditures in the Interior Department

* William Allen (D-Ohio) (Chairman) * Martin F. Conway (R-Kansas) * Socrates N. Sherman (R-New York) *

(R-Ohio) * Thomas B. Cooper (D-Pennsylvania)

Finance Finance refers to monetary resources and to the study and Academic discipline, discipline of money, currency, assets and Liability (financial accounting), liabilities. As a subject of study, is a field of Business administration, Business Admin ...

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

Foreign Affairs ''Foreign Affairs'' is an American magazine of international relations and foreign policy of the United States, U.S. foreign policy published by the Council on Foreign Relations, a nonprofit organization, nonprofit, nonpartisan, membership or ...

:Also known as

Foreign Relations Foreign policy, also known as external policy, is the set of strategies and actions a State (polity), state employs in its interactions with other states, unions, and international entities. It encompasses a wide range of objectives, includ ...

* John J. Crittenden (UU-Kentucky) * Daniel W. Gooch (R-Massachusetts) * Samuel S. Cox (D-Ohio) * Albert S. White (R-Indiana) * Robert McKnight (R-Pennsylvania) * Alfred A. Burnham (R-Pennsylvania) * Francis Thomas (R-Maryland) * Theodore M. Pomeroy (R-New York) * George P. Fisher (R-Delaware)

Indian Affairs

* Cyrus Aldrich (R-Minnesota) (Chairman) * Thomas M. Edwards (R-New Hampshire) *

(UU-Kentucky) * Martin F. Conway (R-Kansas) * William Mitchell (R-Indiana) * Moses F. Odell (D-New York) * William E. Lansing (R-New York) * John Patton (R-Pennsylvania) * Andrew J. Thayer (D-Oregon)

Invalid Pensions

* Alfred Ely (R-New York) (Chairman) * Socrates N. Sherman (R-New York) * John A. Logan (R-Illinois) * Richard A. Harrison (U-Ohio) * William P. Cutler (R-Ohio) * Kellian V. Whaley (UU-Virginia) * John N. Goodwin (D-Maine) * Benjamin Wood (D-New York) * George T. Cobb (D-New Jersey)

Judiciary The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law ...

* Albert G. Porter (R-Indiana) *

(UU-Virginia) * Benjamin F. Thomas (U-Massachusetts) * Henry May (UU-Maryland) * Alexander S. Diven (R-New York)

Lake and River Defences

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

Manufactures Manufacturing is the creation or production of goods with the help of equipment, labor, machines, tools, and chemical or biological processing or formulation. It is the essence of the secondary sector of the economy. The term may refer ...

:''Listed in the Congressional Globe, but not listed in the Library of Congress summary page'' * John Hutchins (R-Ohio) (Chairman) *

(R-Pennsylvania) * Edward Haight (R-New York) * John B. Alley (R-Massachusetts) * Albert G. Porter (R-Indiana) * Alfred Ely (R-New York) * Isaac N. Arnold (R-Illinois) * Sydenham E. Ancona (D-Pennsylvania) * William G. Brown (D-Virginia)

Mileage

:''Listed in the Congressional Globe, but not listed in the Library of Congress summary page'' * James C. Robinson (D-Illinois) (Chairman) * John W. Killinger (R-Pennsylvania) * Augustus Frank (R-New York) * Henry Grider (R-Kentucky) * Benjamin Wood (D-New York)

Military Affairs Military science is the study of military processes, institutions, and behavior, along with the study of warfare, and the theory and application of organized coercive force. It is mainly focused on theory, method, and practice of producing mi ...

:Also known as

Military A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. Militaries are typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with their members identifiable by a d ...

* Francis P. Blair Jr. (R-Missouri) (Chairman) * William A. Richardson (D-Illinois) * James Buffinton (R-Massachusetts) * Abram B. Olin (R-New York) * William Allen (D-Ohio) * Gilman Marston (R-New Hampshire) * Hendrick B. Wright (R-Massachusetts) * James S. Jackson (UU-Kentucky)

Military Railroad

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

Militia A militia ( ) is a military or paramilitary force that comprises civilian members, as opposed to a professional standing army of regular, full-time military personnel. Militias may be raised in times of need to support regular troops or se ...

:Also known as Military Affairs and the Militia * Robert B. Van Valkenburg (R-New York) (Chairman) * William M. Dunn (R-Indiana) * Sydenham E. Ancona (D-Indiana) * Charles Delano (D-Republican) * Charles J. Biddle (D-Pennsylvania) * Richard A. Harrison (U-Ohio) * William G. Brown (D-Virginia) * William P. Cutler (R-Ohio) * John N. Goodwin (R-Maine)

Naval Affairs

* Charles B. Sedgwick (R-New York) (Chairman) * Alexander H. Rice (R-Massachusetts) * Philip B. Fouke (R-Illinois) *

(R-Massachusetts) * James E. English (R-Connecticut) * John P. Verree (R-Pennsylvania) * Frederick A. Pike (R-Maine) * Frederick A. Conkling (R-New York) * William H. Wadsworth (R-Kentucky)

Niagara Ship Canal (Select)

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861'' * Burt Van Horn, Chairman (R-New York)

Pacific Railroad The Pacific Railroad (not to be confused with Union Pacific Railroad) was a railroad based in Missouri. It was a predecessor of both the Missouri Pacific Railroad and St. Louis-San Francisco Railway. The Pacific was chartered by Missouri in 184 ...

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

Patents A patent is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention for a limited period of time in exchange for publishing an sufficiency of disclosure, enabling discl ...

:Also known as Patents and Patent Office * William M. Dunn (R-New York) (Chairman) * John H. Rice (R-Maine) * Stephen Baker (R-New York) *

(R-Pennsylvania) * Warren P. Noble (D-Ohio)

Pensions A pension (; ) is a fund into which amounts are paid regularly during an individual's working career, and from which periodic payments are made to support the person's retirement from work. A pension may be either a "defined benefit plan", wher ...

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

Post Offices and Post Roads

* Schuler Colfax (R-Indiana) (Chairman) * John B. Alley (R-Massachusetts) * Charles A. Wickliffe (UU-Kentucky) * Anson P. Morrill (R-Maine) *

(R-Minnesota) * Harrison G. Blake (R-Ohio) * Chauncey Vibbard (D-New York) *

(R-Michigan) * Elijah H. Norton (R-Missouri)

Printing Printing is a process for mass reproducing text and images using a master form or template. The earliest non-paper products involving printing include cylinder seals and objects such as the Cyrus Cylinder and the Cylinders of Nabonidus. The ...

:Also known as

Joint Committee on Printing The Joint Committee on Printing is a joint committee of the United States Congress devoted to overseeing the functions of the Government Publishing Office and general printing procedures of the federal government of the United States. The authorit ...

(R-Vermont) * Ambrose W. Clark (R-New York) * Joseph Bailey (D-Pennsylvania)

Private Land Claims

* John W. Noell (D-Missouri) *

(R-Wisconsin) * Burt Van Horn (R-New York) * John P. C. Shanks (R-Indiana) * Charles W. Walton (R-Maine) *

(R-Ohio) * Jesse Lazear (D-Pennsylvania)

Public Lands In all modern states, a portion of land is held by central or local governments. This is called public land, state land, or Crown land (Commonwealth realms). The system of tenure of public land, and the terminology used, varies between countries. ...

* John F. Potter (R-Wisconsin) (Chairman) * John Covode (R-Pennsylvania) * Clement L. Vallandingham (D-Ohio) * George W. Julian (R-Indiana) * Carey A. Trimble (R-Ohio) * William Vandever (R-Iowa) * Francis W. Kellogg (R-Alabama) * John W. Crisfield (R-Maryland) * George C. Woodruff (D-Connecticut)

Public Buildings and Grounds

* Charles R. Train (R-Massachusetts) (Chairman) * Owen Lovejoy (R-Illinois) * Isaac C. Delaplaine (D-New York) * Robert McKnight (R-Pennsylvania) * James R. Morris (D-Ohio)

Public Expenditures

* John Covode (R-Pennsylvania) (Chairman) * Thomas M. Edwards (R-New Hampshire) * James E. Kerrigan (D-New York) * Charles R. Train (R-Massachusetts) *

(R-Minnesota) * Edwin H. Webster (UU-Maryland) * George W. Julian (R-Indiana) *

(R-Wisconsin) * Chilton A. White (D-Ohio)

Revised and Unfinished Business

:''Listed in the Congressional Globe, but not listed in the Library of Congress summary page'' * John A. Logan (D-Illinois) * Elijah Babbitt (R-Pennsylvania) * John W. Menzies (UU-Kentucky) * Samuel C. Fessenden (R-Maine) * Edward Haight (D-New York)

Revolutionary Claims

* R. Holland Duell (R-New York) (Chairman) *

(R-Ohio) * Thomas B. Cooper (D-Pennsylvania) * John H. Rice (R-Maine) * William Wall (R-New York) * Nehemiah Perry (D-New Jersey) * Henry Grider (R-Kentucky) * Albert G. Riddle (R-Ohio) * Anson P. Morrill (R-Maine)

Revolutionary Pensions

* Charles H. Van Wyck (R-New York) (Chairman) * Samuel S. Blair (R-Pennsylvania) *

(UU-Virginia) * John F. Potter (R-Wisconsin) * William M. Davis (R-Pennsylvania) * John B. Steele (D-New York) * Bradley F. Granger (R-Michigan) *

(D-Indiana) *

(D-New Jersey)

Roads and Canals

(UU-Kentucky) (Chairman) * John A. Gurley (R-Ohio) * James T. Hale (R-Pennsylvania) * Burt Van Horn (R-New York) * Isaac N. Arnold (R-Illinois) * Robert H. Nugen (D-Ohio) * Stephen Baker (R-New York) *

(D-Pennsylvania) * Fernando C. Beaman (R-Michigan)

State of the Union The State of the Union Address (sometimes abbreviated to SOTU) is an annual message delivered by the president of the United States to a Joint session of the United States Congress, joint session of the United States Congress near the beginning ...

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

Territories A territory is an area of land, sea, or space, belonging or connected to a particular country, person, or animal. In international politics, a territory is usually a geographic area which has not been granted the powers of self-government, ...

* James M. Ashley (R-Ohio) (Chairman) * Charles H. Van Wyck (R-New York) * James A. Cravens (D-Indiana) * William Kellogg (R-Illinois) * Fernando C. Beaman (R-Michigan) * John W. Reid (D-Missouri) * A. Scott Sloan (R-Wisconsin) * Goldsmith F. Bailey (R-Massachusetts) * Aaron Harding (D-Kentucky)

Ways and Means A ways and means committee is a government body that is charged with reviewing and making recommendations for government budgets. Because the raising of revenue is vital to carrying out governmental operations, such a committee is tasked with fi ...

(R-Pennsylvania) (Chairman) * Justin S. Morrill (R-Vermont) * John S. Phelps (D-Missouri) * Elbridge G. Spaulding (R-New York) * William Appleton (R-Massachusetts) *

(D-New York) * Valentine B. Horton (R-Ohio) * John A. McClernand (D-Illinois) * John L. N. Stratton (R-New Jersey)

Joint committees

Enrolled Bills

* Rep. Bradley F. Granger (R-Michigan) * Rep. George T. Cobb (D-New Jersey)

The Library

* Rep. Edward McPherson (R-Pennsylvania) * Rep. Augustus Frank (R-New York) * Rep.

(D-Indiana)

Caucuses

* Democratic (House) * Democratic (Senate)

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Architect of the Capitol The Architect of the Capitol is the Federal government of the United States, federal Government agency, agency responsible for the maintenance, operation, development, and preservation of the United States Capitol Complex. It is an agency of t ...

: Thomas U. Walter *

Librarian of Congress The librarian of Congress is the head of the Library of Congress, appointed by the president of the United States with the advice and consent of the United States Senate, for a term of ten years. The librarian of Congress also appoints and overs ...

: John Gould Stephenson

Senate

Chaplain A chaplain is, traditionally, a cleric (such as a minister, priest, pastor, rabbi, purohit, or imam), or a lay representative of a religious tradition, attached to a secular institution (such as a hospital, prison, military unit, intellige ...

: Phineas D. Gurley (

Presbyterian Presbyterianism is a historically Reformed Protestant tradition named for its form of church government by representative assemblies of elders, known as "presbyters". Though other Reformed churches are structurally similar, the word ''Pr ...

), until July 10, 1861 **

Byron Sunderland Byron Sunderland (November 22, 1819 – June 30, 1901) was an American Presbyterian minister, author, and Chaplain of the United States Senate during the American Civil War. Biography Sunderland was born on November 22, 1819, to Asa and Oli ...

(

), elected July 10, 1861 *

Secretary A secretary, administrative assistant, executive assistant, personal secretary, or other similar titles is an individual whose work consists of supporting management, including executives, using a variety of project management, program evalu ...

: Asbury Dickins, until July 10, 1861 **

John W. Forney John Weiss Forney (30 September 1817 – 9 December 1881) was an American newspaper publisher and politician. He was clerk of the United States House of Representatives from 1851 through 1856, and again from 1860 through 1861. He was thereafter se ...

, elected July 15, 1861 ** William Hickey (Chief Clerk) appointed "Acting Secretary", March 22, 1861 *

Sergeant at Arms A serjeant-at-arms or sergeant-at-arms is an officer appointed by a deliberative body, usually a legislature, to keep order during its meetings. The word "serjeant" is derived from the Latin , which means "servant". Historically, serjeants-at-a ...

: Dunning R. McNair, until July 6, 1861 ** George T. Brown, elected July 6, 1861

House of Representatives

: Thomas H. Stockton (

Methodist Methodism, also called the Methodist movement, is a Protestant Christianity, Christian Christian tradition, tradition whose origins, doctrine and practice derive from the life and teachings of John Wesley. George Whitefield and John's brother ...

), elected July 6, 1861 *

Clerk A clerk is a white-collar worker who conducts record keeping as well as general office tasks, or a worker who performs similar sales-related tasks in a retail environment. The responsibilities of clerical workers commonly include Records managem ...

, until July 4, 1861 ** Emerson Etheridge, elected July 4, 1861 * Doorkeeper: Ira Goodnow * Messenger to the Speaker: Thaddeus Morrice *

Postmaster A postmaster is the head of an individual post office, responsible for all postal activities in a specific post office. When a postmaster is responsible for an entire mail distribution organization (usually sponsored by a national government), ...

William S. King William Smith King (December 16, 1828 – February 24, 1900) was a Republican U.S. Representative for Minnesota from March 4, 1875, to March 3, 1877. He was a journalist and businessman. He is best known for allegations of political corru ...

* Reading Clerks: *

: Henry William Hoffman, until July 5, 1861 ** Edward Ball, elected July 5, 1861