The 34th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry was an

infantry Infantry, or infantryman are a type of soldier who specialize in ground combat, typically fighting dismounted. Historically the term was used to describe foot soldiers, i.e. those who march and fight on foot. In modern usage, the term broadl ...

regiment A regiment is a military unit. Its role and size varies markedly, depending on the country, military service, service, or administrative corps, specialisation. In Middle Ages, Medieval Europe, the term "regiment" denoted any large body of l ...

that served in the Union Army during the

American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861May 26, 1865; also known by Names of the American Civil War, other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union (American Civil War), Union ("the North") and the Confederate States of A ...

Service

The 34th Massachusetts Infantry was organized at

Worcester Worcester may refer to: Places United Kingdom * Worcester, England, a city and the county town of Worcestershire in England ** Worcester (UK Parliament constituency), an area represented by a Member of Parliament * Worcester Park, London, Engl ...

Massachusetts Massachusetts ( ; ), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Maine to its east, Connecticut and Rhode ...

and mustered in for a three-year enlistment on August 1, 1862 under the command of

Colonel Colonel ( ; abbreviated as Col., Col, or COL) is a senior military Officer (armed forces), officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations. In the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, a colon ...

George D. Wells. The regiment was attached to Military District of Washington and Alexandria to February 1863. Tyler's Brigade, District of Alexandria, XXII Corps,

Department of Washington Department of Washington, was a department of the Union Army constituted on April 9, 1861. It consisted of the District of Columbia to its original boundaries, and the State of Maryland as far as Bladensburg. It was merged into the Military ...

, to April 1863. 2nd Brigade, DeRussy's Division, Defenses South of the Potomac, XXII Corps, to June 1863. Martindale's Command, Garrison of Washington, XXII Corps, to July 1863. 1st Brigade, Maryland Heights Division, Department of West Virginia, to December 1863. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, Department of West Virginia, to January 1864. Unattached, 1st Division, Department of West Virginia, to April 1864. 2nd Brigade, 1st Infantry Division, Department of West Virginia, to June 1864. 1st Brigade, 1st Infantry Division, Department of West Virginia, to December 1864. 1st Brigade, Independent Division, XXIV Corps,

Army of the James The Army of the James was a Union Army that was composed of units from the Department of Virginia and North Carolina and served along the James River during the final operations of the American Civil War in Virginia. History The Union Department ...

, to June 1865. The 34th Massachusetts Infantry mustered out of service on June 16, 1865 and was discharged July 2, 1865.

Detailed service

Moved to Washington, D.C., August 15–17. At Arlington Heights, Va., until August 22, 1862. Moved to Alexandria, Va., August 22, and duty on line of Orange & Alexandria Railroad until September 10. At Fort Lyon, defenses of Washington, D.C., September 15, 1862 to June 2, 1863. Provost and guard duty in Washington until July 9. Moved to Maryland Heights July 9. Occupation of Harpers Ferry, W. Va., July 14. Duty at Harpers Ferry and Bolivar until December 10. Action at Berryville. October 18. Raid to Harrisonburg December 10–24. At Harpers Ferry until February 1, 1864. Operations in Hampshire and Hardy Counties, W. Va., January 27 – February 7. Moved to Cumberland, Md., February 15. Return to Harpers Ferry, then moved to Monocacy, Md., March 5, to Martinsburg, W. Va., March 7 and to Harpers Ferry April 2. Moved to Martinsburg, W. Va., April 17. Sigel's Expedition from Martinsburg to New Market April 13 – May 16. Rude's Hill May 14. New Market May 14–15. Advance to Staunton May 24 – June 5. Piedmont, Mount Crawford, June 5. Occupation of Staunton June 6. Hunter's Raid on Lynchburg June --. Lynchburg June 17–18. Retreat to the Gaul June 18–29. Moved to the Shenandoah Valley July 5–17. Snicker's Ferry July 17–18. Kernstown or Winchester July 23–24. Martinsburg July 25. Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley Campaign August to December. Berryville September 3. Battle of Opequan, Winchester, September 19. Fisher's Hill September 22. Cedar Creek October 13. Battle of Cedar Creek October 19. Duty at Kernstown until December. Moved to Washington, D.C., then to Bermuda Hundred, Va., December 19–23. Siege operations against Richmond and Petersburg December 25, 1864 to April 2, 1865. In the trenches north of the James River before Richmond until March 1865. Appomattox Campaign March 28 – April 9. Assault on and fall of Petersburg April 2. Pursuit of Lee April 3–9. Rice's Station April 6. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. March to Lynchburg April 12–15, then to Farmville and Burkesville Junction April 15–19, and to Richmond April 22–25. Duty there until June.

Casualties

The regiment lost a total of 269 men during service; 7 officers and 128 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded, 2 officers and 132 enlisted men died of disease.

Commanders

* Colonel George D. Wells * Colonel William Sever Lincoln *

Major Major most commonly refers to: * Major (rank), a military rank * Academic major, an academic discipline to which an undergraduate student formally commits * People named Major, including given names, surnames, nicknames * Major and minor in musi ...

Harrison W. Pratt – commanded at the Third Battle of Winchester *

Captain Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader or highest rank officer of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police depa ...

Andrew Potter – commanded at the Battle of Cedar Creek

Notable members

* 1st Sergeant

Robert J. Gardner Robert J. Gardner (September 28, 1837 – September 23, 1902) was an American soldier who fought in the American Civil War. Gardner received his country's highest award for bravery during combat, the Medal of Honor. Gardner's medal was won for bei ...

, Company K –

Medal of Honor The Medal of Honor (MOH) is the United States Armed Forces' highest Awards and decorations of the United States Armed Forces, military decoration and is awarded to recognize American United States Army, soldiers, United States Navy, sailors, Un ...

recipient for action at the Third Battle of Petersburg *

Sergeant Sergeant (Sgt) is a Military rank, rank in use by the armed forces of many countries. It is also a police rank in some police services. The alternative spelling, ''serjeant'', is used in The Rifles and in other units that draw their heritage f ...

Charles A. Hunter, Company E – Medal of Honor recipient for action at the Third Battle of Petersburg

References

* Buell, P. L. & Nelson Sizer. ''The Poet Soldier: A Memoir of the Worth, Talent and Patriotism of Joseph Kent Gibbons, Who Fell in the Service of His Country During the Great Rebellion'' (New York: S. R. Wells), 1868. * Clark, William H. ''Poems and Sketches: With Reminiscences of the "Old 34th"'' (South Framingham, MA: Lakeview Printing Co.), 1890. * -----. ''Reminiscences of the Thirty-fourth Regiment, Mass. Vol. Infantry'' (Holliston, MA: J. C. Clark & Co.), 1871. * -----. ''The Soldier's Offering'' (Boston: s.n.), 1875. * Dyer, Frederick H. ''A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion'' (Des Moines, IA: Dyer Pub. Co.), 1908. * Lincoln, Levi. ''A Memorial of William Sever Lincoln: Colonel 34th Mass. Infantry and Brevet Brig.-Gen. U.S. Volunteers, 1811–1889'' (Worcester, MA: s.n.), 1889. * Lincoln, William Sever. ''Life with the Thirty-Fourth Mass. Infantry in the War of the Rebellion'' (Worcester, MA: Noyes, Snow, & Co.), 1879. * {{refend

External links

34th Massachusetts Infantry monument at Winchester National Cemetery
Military units and formations established in 1862 Military units and formations disestablished in 1865 34