Events

Pre-1600

380 Year 380 ( CCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Augustus and Augustus (or, less frequently, year 1133 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 380 for t ...

–

Theodosius I Theodosius I ( ; 11 January 347 – 17 January 395), also known as Theodosius the Great, was Roman emperor from 379 to 395. He won two civil wars and was instrumental in establishing the Nicene Creed as the orthodox doctrine for Nicene C ...

makes his '' adventus'', or formal entry, into

Constantinople Constantinople (#Names of Constantinople, see other names) was a historical city located on the Bosporus that served as the capital of the Roman Empire, Roman, Byzantine Empire, Byzantine, Latin Empire, Latin, and Ottoman Empire, Ottoman empire ...

. *

1190 Year 1190 (MCXC) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * Spring – A German expeditionary force (some 15,000 men) led by Emperor Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor, Frederick ...

–

Conrad of Montferrat Conrad of Montferrat (Italian language, Italian: ''Corrado del Monferrato''; Piedmontese language, Piedmontese: ''Conrà ëd Monfrà'') (c. 1146 – 28 April 1192) was a nobleman, one of the major participants in the Third Crusade. He was the '' ...

becomes

King of Jerusalem The king or queen of Jerusalem was the supreme ruler of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, a Crusader state founded in Jerusalem by the Latin Church, Latin Catholic leaders of the First Crusade, when the city was Siege of Jerusalem (1099), conquered in ...

upon his marriage to

Isabella I of Jerusalem Isabella I (1172 – 5 April 1205) was the queen of Jerusalem from 1190 to her death in 1205. She was the daughter of King Amalric of Jerusalem and his second wife, the Byzantine princess Maria Comnena. Isabella was a younger half-sister of ...

. *

1221 Year 1221 ( MCCXXI) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * November – Emperor Theodore I Laskaris dies after a 16-year reign and is succeeded by his son-in-law John III Do ...

–

Genghis Khan Genghis Khan (born Temüjin; August 1227), also known as Chinggis Khan, was the founder and first khan (title), khan of the Mongol Empire. After spending most of his life uniting the Mongols, Mongol tribes, he launched Mongol invasions and ...

defeats the renegade Khwarazmian prince Jalal al-Din at the

Battle of the Indus The Battle of the Indus was fought on the banks of the Indus River, on 24 November 1221, between the armies commanded by Jalal al-Din of the Khwarazmian Empire, and Genghis Khan of the Mongol Empire. The battle, which resulted in an overwhe ...

, completing the

Mongol conquest of Central Asia Mongol campaigns in Central Asia occurred after the unification of the Mongol and Turkic peoples, Turkic tribes on the Mongolian plateau in 1206. Smaller military operations of the Mongol Empire in Central Asia included the destruction of survivi ...

. *

1227 Year 1227 ( MCCXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * Spring – Livonian Crusade: The Livonian Brothers of the Sword and their Crusader allies (some 20,000 men) cross the sea ...

–

Gąsawa massacre Gąsawa is a town in Żnin County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Gąsawa. It lies approximately south of Żnin and south-west of Bydgoszcz. It is ...

: At an assembly of

Piast The House of Piast was the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland. The first documented Polish monarch was Duke Mieszko I (–992). The Piasts' royal rule in Poland ended in 1370 with the death of King Casimir III the Great. Branches of ...

dukes at

Gąsawa Gąsawa is a town in Żnin County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Gąsawa. It lies approximately south of Żnin and south-west of Bydgoszcz. It is sit ...

, Polish Prince

Leszek the White Leszek the White (; c. 1184/85 – 24 November 1227) was Prince of Sandomierz and High Duke of Poland in the years 1194–1198, 1199, 1206–1210, and 1211–1227. During the early stages of his reign, his uncle Duke Mieszko III the Old and ...

, Duke

Henry the Bearded Henry the Bearded (, ; c. 1165/70 – 19 March 1238) was a Polish duke from the Piast dynasty. He was Duke of Silesia at Wrocław from 1201, Duke of Kraków and High Duke of all Poland – internally divided – from 1232 until his death. Li ...

and others are attacked by assassins while bathing. *

1248 Year 1248 (Roman numerals, MCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. Events By place Seventh Crusade * August 12 – King Louis IX of France, Louis IX (the Saint) leaves Paris together with his wif ...

– An overnight landslide on the north side of

Mont Granier Mont Granier (1,933m) is a limestone mountain located between the départements of Savoie and Isère in France. It lies in the Chartreuse Mountains range of the French Prealps between the towns of Chapareillan and Entremont-le-Vieux. Its east ...

, one of the largest historical rockslope failures ever recorded in Europe, destroys five villages. *

1359 Year 1359 ( MCCCLIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * May 25 – The French States-General repudiates the terms of the Second Treaty of London, signed earlier in the year ...

–

Peter I of Cyprus Peter I (9 October 1328 – 17 January 1369) was King of Cyprus and titular King of Jerusalem from his father's abdication on 24 November 1358 until his death in 1369. He was invested as titular Count of Tripoli in 1346. As King of Cyprus, ...

ascends the throne of Cyprus after his father,

Hugh IV of Cyprus Hugh IV (1293/1296 – 10 October 1359) was King of Cyprus from 31 March 1324 to his abdication, on 24 November 1358 and, nominally, King of Jerusalem, as Hugh II, until his death. The son of Guy, Constable of Cyprus (son of Hugh III of Cyprus) ...

, abdicates. *

1429 Year 1429 ( MCDXXIX) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. Events January–March * January 6 – The Congress of Lutsk opened in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania at the castle of Liubartas in Lutsk. In ad ...

–

Hundred Years' War The Hundred Years' War (; 1337–1453) was a conflict between the kingdoms of Kingdom of England, England and Kingdom of France, France and a civil war in France during the Late Middle Ages. It emerged from feudal disputes over the Duchy ...

Joan of Arc Joan of Arc ( ; ; – 30 May 1431) is a patron saint of France, honored as a defender of the French nation for her role in the siege of Orléans and her insistence on the Coronation of the French monarch, coronation of Charles VII o ...

unsuccessfully besieges La Charité. *

1542 __NOTOC__ Year 1542 ( MDXLII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. Events January–March * January 6 – In the Yucatan peninsula in Mexico, the Spanish colonists create the new town of Mérida. * Jan ...

–

Battle of Solway Moss The Battle of Solway Moss took place on Solway Moss near the River Esk on the English side of the Anglo-Scottish border in November 1542 between English and Scottish forces. The Scottish King James V had refused to break from the Catholic Chu ...

: An English army defeats a much larger Scottish force near the River Esk in

Dumfries and Galloway Dumfries and Galloway (; ) is one of the 32 unitary council areas of Scotland, located in the western part of the Southern Uplands. It is bordered by East Ayrshire, South Ayrshire, and South Lanarkshire to the north; Scottish Borders to the no ...

1601–1900

1642 Events January–March * January 4 – King Charles I of England, accompanied by soldiers, arrives at a session of the Long Parliament and attempts to arrest his chief opponents, the Five Members, John Hampden, Arthur Haselri ...

–

Abel Tasman Abel Janszoon Tasman (; 160310 October 1659) was a Dutch sea explorer, seafarer and exploration, explorer, best known for his voyages of 1642 and 1644 in the service of the Dutch East India Company (VOC). He was the first European to reach New ...

becomes the first European to discover the island

Van Diemen's Land Van Diemen's Land was the colonial name of the island of Tasmania during the European exploration of Australia, European exploration and colonisation of Australia in the 19th century. The Aboriginal Tasmanians, Aboriginal-inhabited island wa ...

(later renamed

Tasmania Tasmania (; palawa kani: ''Lutruwita'') is an island States and territories of Australia, state of Australia. It is located to the south of the Mainland Australia, Australian mainland, and is separated from it by the Bass Strait. The sta ...

). *

1750 Various sources, including the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, use the year 1750 as a baseline year for the end of the pre-industrial era. 1750 is commemorated as the year that started the Industrial Revolution, although the under ...

–

Tarabai Maharani Tarabai Bhonsle ( Marathi: ̪aːɾabaːi; ; 1675 – 9 December 1761) was the regent of the Maratha Empire from 1700 until 1708. She was the queen of Rajaram I, and daughter-in-law of the kingdom's founder Shivaji I. She is acclaim ...

, regent of the

Maratha Empire The Maratha Empire, also referred to as the Maratha Confederacy, was an early modern India, early modern polity in the Indian subcontinent. It comprised the realms of the Peshwa and four major independent List of Maratha dynasties and states, Ma ...

, imprisons

Rajaram II of Satara Rajaram II (Rajaram Bhonsale, ; June 1726 – 11 December 1777), also known as Ramaraja, was the sixth Chhatrapati of the Maratha Confederacy.V.S. Kadam, 1993. ''Maratha Confederacy: A Study in its Origin and Development.'' Munshiram Manoharlal ...

for refusing to remove

Balaji Baji Rao Balaji Baji Rao (8 December 1720 – 23 June 1761), often referred to as Nana Saheb I, was the 8th Peshwa of the Maratha Empire. He was appointed as Peshwa in 1740 upon the death of his father, Peshwa Bajirao I. During his tenure, the Chhatra ...

from the post of

peshwa The Peshwa was the second highest office in the Maratha Empire, next in rank and prestige only to that of the Chhatrapati. Initially serving as the appointed prime minister in the Maratha Kingdom, the office became hereditary when Shahu gave t ...

. *

1832 Events January–March * January 6 – Abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison founds the New-England Anti-Slavery Society. * January 13 – The Christmas Rebellion of slaves is brought to an end in Jamaica, after the island's white pla ...

–

South Carolina South Carolina ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders North Carolina to the north and northeast, the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast, and Georgia (U.S. state), Georg ...

passes the

Ordinance of Nullification The Ordinance of Nullification declared the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832 null and void within the borders of the U.S. state of South Carolina, beginning on February 1, 1833. It began the Nullification Crisis. Passed by a state convention on Novem ...

, declaring that the Tariffs of 1828 and

were null and void in the state, beginning the Nullification Crisis. *

1835 Events January–March * January 7 – anchors off the Chonos Archipelago on her second voyage, with Charles Darwin on board as naturalist. * January 8 – The United States public debt contracts to zero, for the only time in history. ...

– The Texas Provincial Government authorizes the creation of a horse-mounted police force called the Texas Rangers (which is now the

Texas Ranger Division The Texas Ranger Division, also known as the Texas Rangers and nicknamed the , is an State bureau of investigation, investigative law enforcement agency with statewide jurisdiction in the U.S. state of Texas, based in the capital city Austin, Te ...

of the

Texas Department of Public Safety Texas ( , ; or ) is the most populous state in the South Central region of the United States. It borders Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the west, and has an international border wi ...

). *

1850 Events January–March * January 29 – Henry Clay introduces the Compromise of 1850 to the United States Congress. * January 31 – The University of Rochester is founded in Rochester, New York. * January – Sacramento, Ca ...

– Danish troops defeat a

Schleswig-Holstein Schleswig-Holstein (; ; ; ; ; occasionally in English ''Sleswick-Holsatia'') is the Northern Germany, northernmost of the 16 states of Germany, comprising most of the historical Duchy of Holstein and the southern part of the former Duchy of S ...

force in the town of

Lottorf Lottorf () is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to th ...

, Schleswig-Holstein. *

1859 Events January–March * January 21 – José Mariano Salas (1797–1867) becomes Conservative interim President of Mexico. * January 24 ( O. S.) – Under the rule of Alexandru Ioan Cuza, the provinces of Wallachia and Moldavia are uni ...

– British naturalist

Charles Darwin Charles Robert Darwin ( ; 12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882) was an English Natural history#Before 1900, naturalist, geologist, and biologist, widely known for his contributions to evolutionary biology. His proposition that all speci ...

's ''

On the Origin of Species ''On the Origin of Species'' (or, more completely, ''On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life'')The book's full original title was ''On the Origin of Species by M ...

'' is published. "Schools trying to link religious, moral and spiritual education into the wider framework of group assemblies will find here a calendar listing the main

religious festival A religious festival is a time of special importance marked by adherents to that religion. Religious festivals are commonly celebrated on recurring cycles in a calendar year or lunar calendar. The science of religious rites and festivals is kno ...

s of the six main faiths, the United Nation's designated days of concern, profile-raising days of the main British charities, anniversaries of major figures whose lives embodied important values and days of special interest to those dealing with children �� November24 Evolution Day (Humanist - publication of Origin of Species)" *

1863 Events January * January 1 – Abraham Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation during the third year of the American Civil War, making the abolition of slavery in the Confederate States of America an official war goal. The signing ...

–

American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861May 26, 1865; also known by Names of the American Civil War, other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union (American Civil War), Union ("the North") and the Confederate States of A ...

Battle of Lookout Mountain The Battle of Lookout Mountain, also known as the Battle Above the Clouds, was fought November 24, 1863, as part of the Chattanooga Campaign of the American Civil War. Union forces under Major general (United States), Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker ass ...

: Near

Chattanooga, Tennessee Chattanooga ( ) is a city in Hamilton County, Tennessee, United States, and its county seat. It is located along the Tennessee River and borders Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the south. With a population of 181,099 in 2020, it is Tennessee ...

, Union forces under General

Ulysses S. Grant Ulysses S. Grant (born Hiram Ulysses Grant; April 27, 1822July 23, 1885) was the 18th president of the United States, serving from 1869 to 1877. In 1865, as Commanding General of the United States Army, commanding general, Grant led the Uni ...

capture

Lookout Mountain Lookout Mountain is a mountain ridge at the northwest corner of the U.S. state of Georgia, the northeast corner of Alabama, and along the southeastern Tennessee state line in Chattanooga. Lookout Mountain was the scene of the 18th-century "La ...

and begin to break the

Confederate A confederation (also known as a confederacy or league) is a political union of sovereign states united for purposes of common action. Usually created by a treaty, confederations of states tend to be established for dealing with critical issu ...

siege of the city led by General

Braxton Bragg Braxton Bragg (March 22, 1817 – September 27, 1876) was an American army Officer (armed forces), officer during the Second Seminole War and Mexican–American War and Confederate General officers in the Confederate States Army, general in th ...

. *

1877 Events January * January 1 – Queen Victoria is proclaimed Empress of India by the Royal Titles Act 1876, introduced by Benjamin Disraeli, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom . * January 8 – Great Sioux War of 1876: Batt ...

–

Anna Sewell Anna Sewell (; 30 March 1820 – 25 April 1878)''The Oxford Guide to British Women Writers'' by Joanne Shattock. p. 385, Oxford University Press. (1993) was an English novelist who wrote the 1877 novel '' Black Beauty'', her only published work ...

animal welfare Animal welfare is the quality of life and overall well-being of animals. Formal standards of animal welfare vary between contexts, but are debated mostly by animal welfare groups, legislators, and academics. Animal welfare science uses measures ...

novel ''

Black Beauty ''Black Beauty: His Grooms and Companions, the Autobiography of a Horse'' is an 1877 novel by English author Anna Sewell. It was written from a horse as main character's perspective. She wrote it in the last years of her life, during which s ...

'' is published.

1901–present

1906 Events January–February * January 12 – Persian Constitutional Revolution: A nationalistic coalition of merchants, religious leaders and intellectuals in Persia forces the shah Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar to grant a constitution, ...

– A 13–6 victory by the

Massillon Tigers The Massillon Tigers were an early professional football team from Massillon, Ohio. Playing in the " Ohio League", the team was a rival to the pre-National Football League version of the Canton Bulldogs. The Tigers won Ohio League championshi ...

over their rivals, the

Canton Bulldogs The Canton Bulldogs were a professional American football team, based in Canton, Ohio. They played in the Ohio League from 1903 to 1906 and 1911 to 1919, and the American Professional Football Association (later renamed the National Football Lea ...

, for the "

Ohio League The Ohio League was an informal and loose association of American football clubs active between 1902 and 1919 that competed for the Ohio Independent Championship (OIC). As the name implied, its teams were mostly based in Ohio. It is the direct p ...

" Championship, leads to accusations that the championship series was

fixed Fixed may refer to: * ''Fixed'' (EP), EP by Nine Inch Nails * ''Fixed'' (film), an upcoming animated film directed by Genndy Tartakovsky * Fixed (typeface), a collection of monospace bitmap fonts that is distributed with the X Window System * Fi ...

and results in the first major scandal in professional

American football American football, referred to simply as football in the United States and Canada and also known as gridiron football, is a team sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular American football field, field with goalposts at e ...

. *

1917 Events Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix. January * January 9 – WWI – Battle of Rafa: The last substantial Ottoman Army garrison on the Sinai Peninsula is captured by the Egyptian Expeditionary Force's ...

– In

Milwaukee Milwaukee is the List of cities in Wisconsin, most populous city in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. Located on the western shore of Lake Michigan, it is the List of United States cities by population, 31st-most populous city in the United States ...

, nine members of the

Milwaukee Police Department The Milwaukee Police Department (MPD) is the police department organized under the city of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The department has a contingent of about 1,800 sworn officers when at full strength and is divided into seven districts. Jeffrey B. ...

are killed by a bomb, the most deaths in a single event in U.S. police history until the

September 11 attacks The September 11 attacks, also known as 9/11, were four coordinated Islamist terrorist suicide attacks by al-Qaeda against the United States in 2001. Nineteen terrorists hijacked four commercial airliners, crashing the first two into ...

2001 The year's most prominent event was the September 11 attacks against the United States by al-Qaeda, which Casualties of the September 11 attacks, killed 2,977 people and instigated the global war on terror. The United States led a Participan ...

. *

1922 Events January * January 7 – Dáil Éireann (Irish Republic), Dáil Éireann, the parliament of the Irish Republic, ratifies the Anglo-Irish Treaty by 64–57 votes. * January 10 – Arthur Griffith is elected President of Dáil Éirean ...

– Nine

Irish Republican Army The Irish Republican Army (IRA) is a name used by various Resistance movement, resistance organisations in Ireland throughout the 20th and 21st centuries. Organisations by this name have been dominantly Catholic and dedicated to anti-imperiali ...

members are

executed Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty and formerly called judicial homicide, is the state-sanctioned killing of a person as punishment for actual or supposed misconduct. The sentence (law), sentence ordering that an offender b ...

by an

Irish Free State The Irish Free State (6 December 192229 December 1937), also known by its Irish-language, Irish name ( , ), was a State (polity), state established in December 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty of December 1921. The treaty ended the three-ye ...

firing squad. Among them is author Erskine Childers, who had been arrested for illegally carrying a revolver. *

1929 This year marked the end of a period known in American history as the Roaring Twenties after the Wall Street Crash of 1929 ushered in a worldwide Great Depression. In the Americas, an agreement was brokered to end the Cristero War, a Catholic ...

– The Finnish far-right

Lapua Movement The Lapua Movement (, ) was a radical Finnish nationalist, fascist, pro- German and anti-communist political movement founded in and named after the town of Lapua. Led by Vihtori Kosola, it turned towards far-right politics after its founding ...

officially begins when a group of mainly the former White Guard members, led by

Vihtori Kosola Iisakki Vihtori Kosola (10 July 1884 – 14 December 1936) was a Finnish politician, activist and a farmer who served as the leader of the fascist and anti-communist Lapua Movement, and later as the leader of the Patriotic People's Movement po ...

, interrupted

communism Communism () is a political sociology, sociopolitical, political philosophy, philosophical, and economic ideology, economic ideology within the history of socialism, socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a ...

occasion at the Workers' House in Lapua, Finland. *

1932 Events January * January 4 – The British authorities in India arrest and intern Mahatma Gandhi and Vallabhbhai Patel. * January 9 – Sakuradamon Incident (1932), Sakuradamon Incident: Korean nationalist Lee Bong-chang fails in his effort ...

– In Washington, D.C., the

FBI The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the domestic Intelligence agency, intelligence and Security agency, security service of the United States and Federal law enforcement in the United States, its principal federal law enforcement ag ...

Scientific Crime Detection Laboratory (better known as the FBI Crime Lab) officially opens. *

1935 Events January * January 7 – Italian premier Benito Mussolini and French Foreign Minister Pierre Laval conclude an agreement, in which each power agrees not to oppose the other's colonial claims. * January 12 – Amelia Earhart ...

– The Senegalese Socialist Party holds its second congress. *

1940 A calendar from 1940 according to the Gregorian calendar, factoring in the dates of Easter and related holidays, cannot be used again until the year 5280. Events Below, events related to World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January *Janu ...

–

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

: The

First Slovak Republic First most commonly refers to: * First, the ordinal form of the number 1 First or 1st may also refer to: Acronyms * Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-Centimeters, an astronomical survey carried out by the Very Large Array * Far Infrared a ...

becomes a signatory to the

Tripartite Pact The Tripartite Pact, also known as the Berlin Pact, was an agreement between Germany, Italy, and Japan signed in Berlin on 27 September 1940 by, respectively, Joachim von Ribbentrop, Galeazzo Ciano, and Saburō Kurusu (in that order) and in the ...

, officially joining the

Axis powers The Axis powers, originally called the Rome–Berlin Axis and also Rome–Berlin–Tokyo Axis, was the military coalition which initiated World War II and fought against the Allies of World War II, Allies. Its principal members were Nazi Ge ...

. *

1941 The Correlates of War project estimates this to be the deadliest year in human history in terms of conflict deaths, placing the death toll at 3.49 million. However, the Uppsala Conflict Data Program estimates that the subsequent year, 1942, wa ...

– World War II: The United States grants

Lend-Lease Lend-Lease, formally the Lend-Lease Act and introduced as An Act to Promote the Defense of the United States (),3,000 Hurricanes and >4,000 other aircraft) * 28 naval vessels: ** 1 Battleship. (HMS Royal Sovereign (05), HMS Royal Sovereign) * ...

to the

Free French Forces __NOTOC__ The French Liberation Army ( ; AFL) was the reunified French Army that arose from the merging of the Armée d'Afrique with the prior Free French Forces (; FFL) during World War II. The military force of Free France, it participated ...

. *

1943 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured. * January 4 � ...

– World War II: At the

battle of Makin A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force ...

the is torpedoed near

Tarawa Tarawa is an atoll and the capital of the Republic of Kiribati,Kiribati
''

1944 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 2 – WWII: ** Free France, Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command First Army (France), French Army B, part of the Sixt ...

– World War II: The 73rd Bombardment Wing launches the first attack on Tokyo from the

Northern Mariana Islands The Northern Mariana Islands, officially the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI), is an Territories of the United States, unincorporated territory and Commonwealth (U.S. insular area), commonwealth of the United States consistin ...

. *

1962 The year saw the Cuban Missile Crisis, which is often considered the closest the world came to a Nuclear warfare, nuclear confrontation during the Cold War. Events January * January 1 – Samoa, Western Samoa becomes independent from Ne ...

–

Cold War The Cold War was a period of global Geopolitics, geopolitical rivalry between the United States (US) and the Soviet Union (USSR) and their respective allies, the capitalist Western Bloc and communist Eastern Bloc, which lasted from 1947 unt ...

: The

West Berlin West Berlin ( or , ) was a political enclave which comprised the western part of Berlin from 1948 until 1990, during the Cold War. Although West Berlin lacked any sovereignty and was under military occupation until German reunification in 1 ...

branch of the

Socialist Unity Party of Germany The Socialist Unity Party of Germany (, ; SED, ) was the founding and ruling party of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) from the country's foundation in 1949 until its dissolution after the Peaceful Revolution in 1989. It was a Mar ...

forms a separate party, the Socialist Unity Party of West Berlin. * 1962 – The influential British satirical television programme ''That Was the Week That Was'' is first broadcast. *1963 – Lee Harvey Oswald, the assassin of President John F. Kennedy, is killed by Jack Ruby on live television. Robert H. Jackson (photographer), Robert H. Jackson takes a photograph of the shooting that will win the 1964 Pulitzer Prize in Pulitzer Prize for Photography, Photography. *1965 – Mobutu Sese Seko, Joseph-Désiré Mobutu seizes power in the Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville), Democratic Republic of the Congo and becomes List of presidents of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, President; he rules the country (which he renames Zaire in 1971) for over 30 years, until being overthrown by rebels in 1997. *1966 – Bulgarian TABSO Flight 101 crashes near Bratislava, Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, Czechoslovakia, killing all 82 people on board. *1969 – Apollo program: The Apollo 12 command module splashes down safely in the Pacific Ocean, ending the second crewed mission to land on the Moon. *1971 – During a severe thunderstorm over Washington (state), Washington state, a Aircraft hijacking, hijacker calling himself Dan Cooper (aka D. B. Cooper) parachutes from a Northwest Airlines, Northwest Orient Airlines plane with $200,000 in ransom money. He has never been found. *1973 – A national speed limit is imposed on the Autobahn in Germany because of the 1973 oil crisis. The speed limit lasts only four months. *1974 – Donald Johanson and Tom Gray discover the 40% complete ''Australopithecus afarensis'' skeleton, nicknamed "Lucy (Australopithecus), Lucy" (after The Beatles song "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds"), in the Awash River, Awash Valley of Ethiopia's Afar Triangle, Afar Depression. *1976 – The 1976 Çaldıran–Muradiye earthquake, Çaldıran–Muradiye earthquake in eastern Turkey kills between 4,000 and 5,000 people. *1989 – After a week of mass protests against the Communist regime known as the Velvet Revolution, Miloš Jakeš and the entire Politburo of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, Czechoslovak Communist Party resign from office. This brings an effective end to History of Czechoslovakia (1948–1989), Communist rule in Czechoslovakia. *1991 – Space Shuttle program: Space Shuttle Atlantis, ''Atlantis'' launches on STS-44. *1992 – China Southern Airlines Flight 3943 crashes on approach to Guilin Qifengling Airport in Guilin, China, killing all 141 people on board. *

– Crossair Flight 3597 crashes in Bassersdorf near Zurich Airport, killing 24 people, including singer Melanie Thornton and two members of the German band Passion Fruit (group), Passion Fruit. *2009 – The Avdhela Project, an Aromanians, Aromanian digital library and cultural initiative, is founded in Bucharest, Romania. *2012 – 2012 Dhaka garment factory fire, A fire at a clothing factory in Dhaka, Bangladesh, kills at least 112 people. *2013 – Iran signs an interim Joint Plan of Action, agreement with the P5+1, P5+1 countries, limiting its Nuclear program of Iran, nuclear program in exchange for reduced International sanctions against Iran, sanctions. *2015 – A Russian Air Force Sukhoi Su-24 fighter jet is 2015 Russian Sukhoi Su-24 shootdown, shot down by the Turkish Air Force over the Syria–Turkey border, killing one of the two pilots; a Russian marine is also killed during a subsequent rescue effort. * 2015 – A Arish hotel bombing, terrorist attack on a hotel in Arish, Al-Arish, Egypt, kills at least seven people and injures 12 others. * 2015 – An 2015 Tunis bombing, explosion on a bus carrying Tunisian Presidential Security, Tunisian Presidential Guard personnel in Tunisia's capital Tunis leaves at least 14 people dead. *2016 – The government of Colombia and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia–People's Army sign a revised Colombian peace process, peace deal, bringing an end to Colombian conflict, the country's more than 50-year-long civil war. *2017 – A 2017 Sinai mosque attack, terrorist attack on a Mosque in Al-Rawda, North Sinai, Egypt kills 311 people and injures 128. *2022 – Five days after 2022 Malaysian general election, the general elections which resulted in a hung parliament, Leader of the Opposition, opposition leader and Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia, former deputy prime minister Anwar Ibrahim is officially named as Prime Minister of Malaysia, the 10th prime minister of Malaysia. *2023 – ''Hibiscus Rising'', commemorating Death of David Oluwale, David Oluwale, is unveiled in Leeds.

Births

Pre-1600

*1273 – Alphonso, Earl of Chester (died 1284) *1394 – Charles, Duke of Orléans (died 1465) *1427 – John Stafford, 1st Earl of Wiltshire, English nobleman (died 1473) *1472 – Pietro Torrigiano, Italian sculptor (died 1528) *1583 – Juan Martínez de Jáuregui y Aguilar, Spanish poet and painter (died 1641) * 1583 – Philip Massinger, English dramatist (died 1640) *1594 – Henry Grey, 10th Earl of Kent, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Bedfordshire (died 1651)

1601–1900

*1603 – John, Count of Nassau-Idstein (1629–1677) (died 1677) *1615 – Philip William, Elector Palatine (died 1690) *1630 – Étienne Baluze, French scholar and academic (died 1718) *1632 – Baruch Spinoza, Dutch philosopher and scholar (died 1677) *1655 – Charles XI of Sweden (died 1697) *1690 – Charles Theodore Pachelbel, German organist and composer (died 1750) *1712 – Charles-Michel de l'Épée, French priest and educator (died 1789) * 1712 – Ali II ibn Hussein, Tunisian ruler (died 1782) *1713 – Junípero Serra, Spanish priest and missionary (died 1784) * 1713 – Laurence Sterne, Irish novelist and clergyman (died 1768) *1724 – Maria Amalia of Saxony (died 1760) *1729 – Alexander Suvorov, Russian field marshal (died 1800) *1745 – Maria Luisa of Spain (died 1792) *1774 – Thomas Dick (scientist), Thomas Dick, Scottish minister, author, and educator (died 1857) *1784 – Zachary Taylor, American general and politician, 12th President of the United States (died 1850) *1801 – Ludwig Bechstein, German author and poet (died 1860) *1806 – William Webb Ellis, English priest, created Rugby football (died 1872) *1811 – Ulrich Ochsenbein, Swiss lawyer and politician, List of Presidents of the National Council of Switzerland, President of the Swiss National Council (died 1890) *1812 – Xavier Hommaire de Hell, French geographer and engineer (died 1848) *1826 – Carlo Collodi, Italian journalist and author (died 1890) *1840 – John Alfred Brashear, American scientist, telescope maker and educator (died 1920) *1849 – Frances Hodgson Burnett, English-American novelist and playwright (died 1924) *1851 – John Indermaur, British lawyer (died 1925) *1857 – Miklós Kovács (poet), Miklós Kovács, Hungarian-Slovene poet and songwriter (died 1937) *

– Cass Gilbert, American architect, designed the United States Supreme Court Building and Woolworth Building (died 1934) *1864 – Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, French painter and illustrator (died 1901) *1868 – Scott Joplin, American pianist and composer (died 1917) *1869 – Óscar Carmona, Portuguese field marshal and politician, 11th President of Portugal (died 1951) *1873 – Julius Martov, Russian politician (died 1923) * 1873 – Herbert Roper Barrett, English tennis player (died 1943) *1874 – Charles William Miller, Brazilian footballer and referee (died 1953) *1876 – Walter Burley Griffin, American architect and urban planner, designed Canberra (died 1937) *

– Alben W. Barkley, American lawyer and politician, 35th Vice President of the United States (died 1956) * 1877 – Kavasji Jamshedji Petigara, Indian police officer (died 1941) *1879 – Wylie Cameron Grant, American tennis player (died 1968) *1881 – Al Christie, Canadian-American director, producer, and screenwriter (died 1951) * 1881 – Ye Gongchuo, Chinese politician, poet, and calligrapher (died 1968) *1882 – Nikolai Janson, Russian politician (died 1938) *1884 – Yitzhak Ben-Zvi, Ukrainian-Israeli historian and politician, 2nd President of Israel (died 1963) *1885 – Theodor Altermann, Estonian actor, director, and producer (died 1915) * 1885 – Christian Wirth, German SS officer (died 1944) *1886 – Margaret Caroline Anderson, American publisher, founded ''The Little Review'' (died 1973) *1887 – Raoul Paoli, French boxer and rower (died 1960) * 1887 – Erich von Manstein, German field marshal (died 1973) *1888 – Dale Carnegie, American author and educator (died 1955) * 1888 – Fredrick Willius, American cardiologist and author (died 1972) *1891 – Vasil Gendov, Bulgarian actor, director, and screenwriter (died 1970) *1893 – Charles F. Hurley, American soldier and politician, 54th Governor of Massachusetts (died 1946) *1894 – Herbert Sutcliffe, English cricketer and businessman (died 1978) *1895 – Esther Applin, American geologist and paleontologist (died 1972) *1897 – Lucky Luciano, Italian-American mob boss (died 1962) * 1897 – Dorothy Shepherd-Barron, English tennis player (died 1953) *1899 – Ward Morehouse, American author, playwright, and critic (died 1966)

1901–present

*1904 – Albert Ross Tilley, Canadian captain and surgeon (died 1988) *1908 – Libertad Lamarque, Argentinian actress and singer (died 2000) *1910 – Larry Siemering, American football player and coach (died 2009) *1911 – Kirby Grant, American actor (died 1985) * 1911 – Joe Medwick, American baseball player and manager (died 1975) *1912 – Bernard Delfgaauw, Dutch philosopher and academic (died 1993) * 1912 – Garson Kanin, American director and screenwriter (died 1999) * 1912 – Joan Sanderson, English actress (died 1992) * 1912 – Charles Schneeman, American soldier and illustrator (died 1972) * 1912 – Teddy Wilson, American pianist and educator (died 1986) *1913 – Howard Duff, American actor, director, and producer (died 1990) * 1913 – Geraldine Fitzgerald, Irish-American actress (died 2005) *1914 – Lynn Chadwick, English sculptor (died 2003) * 1914 – Bessie Blount Griffin, American physical therapist, inventor and forensic scientist (died 2009) *1916 – Forrest J Ackerman, American soldier and author (died 2008) * 1917 – Shabtai Rosenne, English-Israeli academic, jurist, and diplomat (died 2010) *1919 – David Kossoff, English actor and screenwriter (died 2005) *1921 – John Lindsay, American lawyer and politician, 103rd Mayor of New York City (died 2000) *

– Claus Moser, Baron Moser, German-English statistician and academic (died 2015) *1924 – Eileen Barton, American singer (died 2006) * 1924 – Lorne Munroe, Canadian-American cellist and educator (died 2020) *1925 – William F. Buckley, Jr., American publisher and author, founded the ''National Review'' (died 2008) * 1925 – Simon van der Meer, Dutch-Swiss physicist and engineer, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2011) *1926 – Tsung-Dao Lee, Chinese-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2024) *1927 – Ahmadou Kourouma, Ivorian-French author and playwright (died 2003) * 1927 – Alfredo Kraus, Spanish tenor (died 1999) * 1927 – Emma Lou Diemer, American composer (died 2024) * 1927 – Kevin Skinner (rugby union), Kevin Skinner, New Zealand rugby player (died 2014) *

– Franciszek Kokot, Polish nephrologist and endocrinologist (died 2021) * 1929 – George Moscone, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 37th Mayor of San Francisco (died 1978) *1930 – Ken Barrington, English cricketer (died 1981) * 1930 – Bob Friend, American baseball player and politician (died 2019) *1931 – Tommy Allsup, American guitarist (died 2017) * 1931 – Arthur Chaskalson, South African lawyer and judge, 18th Chief Justice of South Africa (died 2012) *

– Claudio Naranjo, Chilean psychiatrist (died 2019) * 1932 – Fred Titmus, English cricketer and coach (died 2011) *1933 – John Sheridan (rugby league), John Sheridan, English rugby player and coach (died 2012) *1934 – Alfred Schnittke, German-Russian journalist and composer (died 1998) *

– Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa, Bahraini politician, Prime Minister of Bahrain (died 2020) * 1935 – Ron Dellums, American soldier and politician, 48th Mayor of Oakland (died 2018) * 1935 – Mordicai Gerstein, American author, illustrator, and director (died 2019) *1938 – Willy Claes, Belgian conductor and politician, 8th Secretary General of NATO * 1938 – Oscar Robertson, American basketball player and sportscaster * 1938 – Charles Starkweather, American spree killer (died 1959) *

– Marshall Berman, American philosopher and Marxist humanist writer (died 2013) * 1940 – Paul Tagliabue, American lawyer and businessman, 5th Commissioner of the National Football League * 1940 – Eric Wilson (author), Eric Wilson, Canadian author and educator *

– Pete Best, Indian-English drummer and songwriter * 1941 – Donald "Duck" Dunn, American bass player, songwriter, and producer (died 2012) * 1941 – Wayne Jackson (musician), Wayne Jackson, American trumpeter (died 2016) *1942 – Billy Connolly, Scottish comedian and actor * 1942 – Marlin Fitzwater, American soldier and journalist, 17th White House Press Secretary * 1942 – Jean Ping, Gabonese politician and diplomat * 1942 – Andrew Stunell, English minister and politician (died 2024) *

– Dave Bing, American basketball player and politician, 70th Mayor of Detroit * 1943 – Richard Tee, American singer-songwriter and keyboard player (died 1993) * 1943 – Margaret E. M. Tolbert, American chemist and academic * 1943 – Robin Williamson, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist *

– Bev Bevan, English drummer * 1944 – Candy Darling, American model and actress (died 1974) * 1944 – Ibrahim Gambari, Nigerian academic and diplomat, 9th Minister of Foreign Affairs (Nigeria), Nigerian Minister of Foreign Affairs * 1944 – Dan Glickman, American businessman and politician, 26th United States Secretary of Agriculture *1945 – Nuruddin Farah, Somali novelist * 1945 – Lee Michaels, American singer-songwriter and musician *1946 – Ted Bundy, American serial killer (died 1989) * 1946 – Tony Clarkin, English guitarist and songwriter (died 2024) * 1946 – Penny Jordan, English author (died 2011) * 1946 – Roberto Chale, Peruvian footballer (died 2024) *1947 – Dwight Schultz, American actor * 1947 – Dave Sinclair, English keyboard player *1948 – Spider Robinson, American-Canadian author and critic * 1948 – Rudy Tomjanovich, American basketball player and coach * 1948 – Steve Yeager, American baseball player and coach *1949 – Henry Bibby, American basketball player and coach * 1949 – Shane Bourne, Australian comedian, actor, and television host * 1949 – Ewen Cameron, Baron Cameron of Dillington, English politician * 1949 – Sally Davies (doctor), Sally Davies, English hematologist and academic *1950 – Bob Burns (drummer), Bob Burns, American drummer and songwriter (died 2015) * 1950 – Stanley Livingston, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter *1951 – Mimis Androulakis, Greek author and politician * 1951 – Chet Edwards, American businessman and politician * 1951 – Margaret Mountford, Northern Irish-British lawyer and businesswoman * 1951 – Graham Price, Egyptian-Welsh rugby player *1952 – Rachel Chagall, American actress * 1952 – Norbert Haug, German journalist and businessman * 1952 – Thierry Lhermitte, French actor, producer, and screenwriter * 1952 – Parveen Shakir, Pakistani Urdu poet (died 1994) * 1952 – Jim Sheridan (politician), Jim Sheridan, Scottish politician (died 2022) * 1952 – Ken Wilson (rugby league), Ken Wilson, Australian rugby league player (died 2022) *1954 – Clem Burke, American drummer (died 2025) * 1954 – Emir Kusturica, Serbian actor, director, and screenwriter * 1954 – Margaret Wetherell, English psychologist and academic *1955 – Ian Botham, English cricketer, footballer, and sportscaster * 1955 – Scott Hoch, American golfer * 1955 – Lena Adelsohn Liljeroth, Swedish politician, Minister for Culture (Sweden), Swedish Minister for Culture * 1955 – Najib Mikati, Lebanese businessman and politician, 31st Prime Minister of Lebanon * 1955 – Takashi Yuasa, Japanese lawyer and author *1956 – Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, Terry Lewis, American musician, producer, and songwriter * 1956 – Ruben Santiago-Hudson, American actor, playwright, and director *1957 – Denise Crosby, American actress and producer * 1957 – Edward Stourton (journalist), Edward Stourton, English journalist and author *1958 – Roy Aitken, Scottish footballer and manager * 1958 – Margaret Curran, Scottish academic and politician * 1958 – Nick Knight (photographer), Nick Knight, British photographer *1959 – Todd Brooker, Canadian skier and sportscaster *1960 – Edgar Meyer, American bassist and composer *1961 – Carlos Carnero, Spanish lawyer and politician * 1961 – Arundhati Roy, Indian writer and activist *

– John Kovalic, English author and illustrator * 1962 – John Squire, English singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1962 – Paul Thorburn, German-Welsh rugby player and manager * 1962 – Ioannis Topalidis, Greek footballer and manager * 1962 – Tracey Wickham, Australian swimmer *1963 – Neale Cooper, Scottish footballer (died 2018) *1964 – Garret Dillahunt, American actor * 1964 – Conleth Hill, Northern Irish actor * 1964 – Brad Sherwood, American actor and game show host *1965 – Shirley Henderson, Scottish actress *1966 – Russell Watson, English tenor and actor *1967 – Henrik Brockmann, Danish singer-songwriter * 1967 – Jon Hein, American radio personality *1968 – Bülent Korkmaz, Turkish footballer and manager * 1968 – Scott Krinsky, American actor and comedian * 1968 – Dawn Robinson, American singer and actress *1969 – David Adeang, Nauruan lawyer and politician * 1969 – Romesh Kaluwitharana, Sri Lankan cricketer * 1969 – Rob Nicholson (musician), Rob Nicholson, American bass player and songwriter *1970 – Doug Brien, American football player * 1970 – Julieta Venegas, American-Mexican singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer * 1970 – Ashley Ward, English footballer and businessman *1971 – Lola Glaudini, American actress * 1971 – Cosmas Ndeti, Kenyan runner * 1971 – Keith Primeau, Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach *1972 – Ruxandra Dragomir, Romanian tennis player * 1972 – Marek Lemsalu, Estonian footballer *1973 – Alejandro Ávila, Mexican actor * 1973 – Danielle Nicolet, American actress *1974 – Amy Faye Hayes, American boxing ring announcer and model * 1974 – Stephen Merchant, English actor, director, producer, and screenwriter * 1974 – Machel Montano, Trinidadian singer-songwriter and producer * 1974 – Tarō Yamamoto, Japanese actor and politician *1975 – Thomas Kohnstamm, American author *1976 – Mona Hanna-Attisha, British-American pediatrician, professor, and public health advocate * 1976 – Christian Laflamme, Canadian ice hockey player * 1976 – Chen Lu (figure skater), Chen Lu, Chinese figure skater *1977 – Colin Hanks, American actor * 1977 – Celaleddin Koçak, German-Turkish footballer *1978 – Katherine Heigl, American actress and producer *1979 – Joseba Llorente, Spanish footballer *1979 – Carmelita Jeter, American sprinter "fastest woman alive". * 1979 – Horacio Ramírez, Mexican-American baseball player *1980 – Kabir Ali, English cricketer * 1980 – Brandon Hunter, American basketball player (died 2023) * 1980 – Beth Phoenix, American wrestler * 1980 – Branko Radivojevič, Slovak ice hockey player *1982 – Ryan Fitzpatrick, American football player * 1982 – Sean O'Loughlin, English rugby player *1983 – Dean Ashton, English footballer * 1983 – Lars Eckert, German rugby player * 1983 – André Laurito, German footballer * 1983 – Gwilym Lee, Welsh actor * 1983 – José López (infielder), José López, Venezuelan baseball player * 1983 – Shavlik Randolph, American basketball player * 1983 – Karine Vanasse, Canadian actress and producer *1984 – David Booth (ice hockey), David Booth, American ice hockey player * 1984 – Maria Höfl-Riesch, German skier *1985 – Julia Alexandratou, Greek model, actress, and singer *1986 – Jimmy Graham, American football player * 1986 – Pedro León, Spanish footballer *1988 – Jarrod Parker, American baseball player *1990 – Mario Gaspar, Spanish footballer * 1990 – Sarah Hyland, American actress * 1990 – Tom Odell, English singer-songwriter * 1990 – Michael Oldfield (rugby league), Michael Oldfield, Australian rugby league player *1992 – Sergei Kulbach, Ukrainian figure skater (died 2023) *1993 – Ivi Adamou, Cypriot-Greek singer-songwriter * 1993 – Joe Pigott, English footballer *1994 – Nabil Bentaleb, Algerian footballer *1995 – Marcus Bontempelli, Australian footballer *1998 – Jeremy Swayman, American ice hockey player

Deaths

Pre-1600

* 654 – Emperor Kōtoku of Japan (born 596) *1072 – Bagrat IV of Georgia (born 1018) *

– Leszek the White, Leszek I the White, High Duke of Poland (born c. 1186) *1265 – Magnús Óláfsson, King of Mann and the Isles *1326 – Hugh Despenser the Younger, English courtier (born 1296) *1426 – Elizabeth of Lancaster, Duchess of Exeter, (born c. 1363) *1468 – Jean de Dunois, French soldier (born 1402) *1492 – Loys of Gruuthuse, Earl of Winchester (born c. 1427) *1530 – Mingyi Nyo, Burmese ruler (born 1459) *1531 – Johannes Oecolampadius, German theologian and reformer (born 1482) *1572 – John Knox, Scottish pastor and theologian (born 1510) *1583 – René de Birague, French cardinal (born 1506)

1601–1900

*1615 – Sethus Calvisius, German composer and theorist (born 1556) *

– Walatta Petros, saint in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church (born 1592) *1650 – Manuel Cardoso (composer), Manuel Cardoso, Portuguese organist and composer (born 1566) *1675 – Guru Tegh Bahadur, Indian guru (born 1621) *1722 – Johann Adam Reincken, Dutch-German organist and composer (born 1623) *1741 – Ulrika Eleonora, Queen of Sweden (born 1688) *1770 – Charles-Jean-François Hénault, French historian and author (born 1685) *1775 – Lorenzo Ricci, Italian religious leader, 18th Superior General of the Society of Jesus (born 1703) *1781 – James Caldwell (clergyman), James Caldwell, American minister (born 1734) *1793 – Clément Charles François de Laverdy, French lawyer and politician, List of Finance Ministers of France, French Minister of Finance (born 1723) *1801 – Franz Moritz von Lacy, Austrian field marshal (born 1725) * 1801 – Philip Hamilton, Oldest son of Alexander Hamilton (born 1782) *1807 – Joseph Brant, American tribal leader (born 1742) *1848 – William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1779) *1870 – Comte de Lautréamont, Uruguayan-French poet and author (born 1846) *1885 – Nicolás Avellaneda, Argentinian journalist and politician, 8th President of Argentina (born 1837) *1890 – August Belmont, German-American banker and politician, 16th United States Ambassador to the Netherlands (born 1816) *1895 – Ludwik Teichmann, Polish anatomist (born 1823)

1901–present

*1916 – Hiram Maxim, American-English engineer, invented the Maxim gun (born 1840) *1920 – Lado Aleksi-Meskhishvili, Georgian actor and director (born 1857) * 1920 – Alexandru Macedonski, Romanian author and poet (born 1854) *

– Erskine Childers, executed Irish soldier, journalist, and author (born 1870) *

– Georges Clemenceau, French physician, publisher, and politician, 72nd List of Prime Ministers of France, Prime Minister of France (born 1841) *

– William Arnon Henry American academic and agriculturist (born 1850) *

– Doris Miller, American soldier and chef, Navy Cross recipient (born 1919) *1948 – Anna Jarvis, American founder of Mother's Day (born 1864) *1954 – Mamie Dillard, African American educator, clubwoman and suffragist (born 1874) *1956 – Guido Cantelli, Italian conductor (born 1920) *1957 – Diego Rivera, Mexican painter and sculptor (born 1886) *1958 – Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood, English lawyer and politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, Nobel Peace Prize, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1864) *1959 – Dally Messenger, Australian rugby player, cricketer, and sailor (born 1883) *1960 – Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia (born 1882) *1961 – Ruth Chatterton, American actress (born 1892) *1963 – Lee Harvey Oswald, American assassin of John F. Kennedy (born 1939) *1965 – Abdullah III Al-Salim Al-Sabah, Kuwaiti ruler (born 1895) *1968 – D. A. Levy, American poet and publisher (born 1942) *1973 – John Neihardt, American author and poet (born 1881) *1980 – Herbert Agar, American journalist and historian (born 1897) * 1980 – George Raft, American actor and dancer (born 1901) * 1980 – Molly Reilly, Canadian aviator (born 1922) * 1980 – Henrietta Hill Swope, American astronomer and academic (born 1902) *1982 – Barack Obama, Sr., Kenyan economist and academic, father of Barack Obama, 44th President of the United States (born 1936) *1987 – Jehane Benoît, Canadian journalist and author (born 1904) *1990 – Juan Manuel Bordeu, Argentinian race car driver (born 1934) * 1990 – Fred Shero, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (born 1925) * 1990 – Dodie Smith, English author and playwright (born 1896) * 1990 – Marion Post Wolcott, American photographer (born 1910) * 1990 – Bülent Arel, Turkish-American composer and educator (born 1919) *1991 – Freddie Mercury, Tanzanian-English singer-songwriter, lead vocalist of Queen (band), Queen, and producer (born 1946) * 1991 – Eric Carr, American drummer of Kiss (band), KISS (born 1950) *1993 – Albert Collins, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1932) *1995 – Eduard Ole, Estonian-Swedish painter (born 1898) *1996 – Sorley MacLean, Scottish soldier and poet (born 1911) *1997 – Barbara (singer), Barbara, French singer-songwriter and actress (born 1930) *2002 – John Rawls, American philosopher, author, and academic (born 1921) *2003 – Warren Spahn, American baseball player and coach (born 1921) *2004 – Arthur Hailey, English-Canadian journalist and author (born 1920) * 2004 – Joseph Hansen (writer), Joseph Hansen, American author and poet (born 1923) * 2004 – James Wong (lyricist), James Wong, Chinese actor and songwriter (born 1940) *2005 – Pat Morita, American actor (born 1932) *2006 – Juice Leskinen, Finnish singer-songwriter (born 1950) * 2006 – George W. S. Trow, American author, playwright, and critic (born 1943) * 2006 – Zdeněk Veselovský, Czech zoologist and ethologist (born 1938) *2007 – Casey Calvert (Hawthorne Heights), Casey Calvert, American guitarist (born 1981) *2008 – Kenny MacLean, Scottish-Canadian bass player and songwriter (born 1956) * 2008 – Cecil H. Underwood, American educator and politician, 25th Governor of West Virginia (born 1922) *2009 – Abe Pollin, American businessman and philanthropist (born 1923) * 2009 – Samak Sundaravej, Thai politician, 25th Prime Minister of Thailand (born 1935) * 2009 – Jun Ross, Filipino basketball player (born 1949) *2010 – Huang Hua, Chinese translator and politician, 5th Foreign Minister of the People's Republic of China (born 1913) *2012 – Héctor Camacho, Puerto Rican-American boxer (born 1962) * 2012 – Antoine Kohn, Luxembourgian footballer and manager (born 1933) * 2012 – Jimmy Stewart (baseball), Jimmy Stewart, American baseball player and manager (born 1939) * 2012 – Nicholas Turro, American chemist and academic (born 1938) * 2012 – Ernie Warlick, American football player and sportscaster (born 1932) *2013 – Matthew Bucksbaum, American businessman and philanthropist, co-founded General Growth Properties (born 1926) * 2013 – Arnaud Coyot, French cyclist (born 1980) * 2013 – Lou Hyndman, Canadian lawyer and politician (born 1935) * 2013 – June Keithley, Filipino actress and journalist (born 1947) * 2013 – Jean King, American politician, 6th Lieutenant Governor of Hawaii (born 1925) * 2013 – Robin Leigh-Pemberton, Baron Kingsdown, English banker and politician, Governor of the Bank of England (born 1927) * 2013 – Matti Ranin, Finnish actor (born 1926) *2014 – Jorge Herrera Delgado, Mexican engineer and politician (born 1961) * 2014 – Murli Deora, Indian politician, Ministry of Corporate Affairs, Indian Minister of Corporate Affairs (born 1937) * 2014 – Peter Henderson (sportsman), Peter Henderson, New Zealand rugby player (born 1926) * 2014 – Nenad Manojlović, Serbian water polo player and manager (born 1957) * 2014 – Viktor Tikhonov (ice hockey, born 1930), Viktor Tikhonov, Russian ice hockey player and coach (born 1930) *2015 – Robert Ford (British Army officer), Robert Ford, English general (born 1923) * 2015 – John Forrester (historian), John Forrester, English historian and philosopher (born 1949) * 2015 – Quincy Monk, American football player (born 1979) * 2015 – Heinz Oberhummer, Austrian physicist, astronomer, and academic (born 1941) * 2015 – Douglas W. Shorenstein, American businessman (born 1955) *2016 – Paul Futcher, English footballer (born 1956) * 2016 – Florence Henderson, American actress, singer and television personality (born 1934) *2019 – Goo Hara, South Korean singer and actress (born 1991) *2022 – Börje Salming, Swedish hockey player (born 1951) *2024 – Barbara Taylor Bradford, British novelist (born 1933) *2024 – Breyten Breytenbach, South African-French poet and painter (born 1939) *2024 – Helen Gallagher, American actress, singer, and dancer (born 1926)

Holidays and observances

*Christian Calendar of saints, feast days: **Albert of Louvain **Andrew Dũng-Lạc, Pierre Dumoulin-Borie, and other Vietnamese Martyrs **Saint Chrysogonus, Chrysogonus (Roman Catholic Church) **Colmán of Cloyne (Roman Catholic Church) **Eanflæd **Firmina (Roman Catholic Church) **Flavian of Ricina (Roman Catholic Church) **Flora and Maria **Jehu Jones (Calendar of Saints (Lutheran), Lutheran) **Justus Falckner (Calendar of Saints (Lutheran), Lutheran) **Cianán, Kenan (Cianán) **Saint Mercurius, Mercurius (Eastern Church) **Pierre Dumoulin-Borie **Protasius (bishop of Milan), Protasius of Milan **Romanus of Blaye **November 24 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) *Evolution Day (International observance) *Lachit Divas (Assam) *Guru Tegh Bahadur#Legacy and memorials, Martyrdom of Guru Tegh Bahadur (India) *Teachers' Day (Turkey)

References

External links

* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:November 24 Days of November