The 22nd Army Corps, () was a tactical formation of the

Imperial Russian Army The Imperial Russian Army () was the army of the Russian Empire, active from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was organized into a standing army and a state militia. The standing army consisted of Regular army, regular troops and ...

based in the

Grand Duchy of Finland The Grand Duchy of Finland was the predecessor state of modern Finland. It existed from 1809 to 1917 as an Autonomous region, autonomous state within the Russian Empire. Originating in the 16th century as a titular grand duchy held by the Monarc ...

before the beginning of the

First World War World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

. After seeing much service during the war, the corps was disbanded following the

October Revolution The October Revolution, also known as the Great October Socialist Revolution (in Historiography in the Soviet Union, Soviet historiography), October coup, Bolshevik coup, or Bolshevik revolution, was the second of Russian Revolution, two r ...

Russian Empire

In 1905, as part of the ongoing re-organisation of the Imperial Russian Army's higher-up fighting review, the 22nd Army Corps was formed with its headquarters in

Helsingfors Helsinki () is the capital and most populous city in Finland. It is on the shore of the Gulf of Finland and is the seat of southern Finland's Uusimaa region. About people live in the municipality, with million in the capital region and ...

, today the Finnish capital of Helsinki. This new corps was known as the "Finnish/Finland Corps", as its troops were exclusively from the Grand Duchy of Finland, a sub-division of the Russian Empire. On formation, the new corps was assigned to the Saint Petersburg Military District, itself headquartered just over the border in the capital; Saint Petersburg.Official Russian Archives, ''КОРПУСА ПЕРИОДА ПЕРВОЙ МИРОВОЙ ВОЙНЫ'' (2006). Russian State Military Historical Archive, Russian Federation. Retrieved 30 October 2020.''22-й армейский корпус'' at History of the Russian Imperial Army
Retrieved 30 October 2020. When the

began, the corps was placed under the command of the 9th Army and transferred from army to army while seeing action of the Eastern Front. In November 1917, just after the

, the corps joined the new Western Front. In 1917, the corps transferred control to the new

Russian Republic The Russian Republic,. referred to as the Russian Democratic Federative Republic in the 1918 Constitution, was a short-lived state which controlled, ''de jure'', the territory of the former Russian Empire after its proclamation by the Rus ...

, and later that year after the

, was disbanded.

Composition

1914

The below organisation is that of the corps on formation: * 22nd Army Corps, HQ in

** 20th Finnish Dragoon Regiment ** Orenburg Cossack Division ** 22nd Mortar Artillery Division ** 22nd Sapper Battalion ** 1st Finnish Rifle Brigade, HQ in Helsingfors *** 1st Finnish Rifle Regiment *** 2nd Finnish Rifle Regiment *** 3rd Finnish Rifle Regiment *** 4th Finnish Rifle Regiment ** 2nd Finnish Rifle Brigade, HQ in

Vyborg Vyborg (; , ; , ; , ) is a town and the administrative center of Vyborgsky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia. It lies on the Karelian Isthmus near the head of Vyborg Bay, northwest of St. Petersburg, east of the Finnish capital H ...

*** 5th Finnish Rifle Regiment *** 6th Finnish Rifle Regiment *** 7th Finnish Rifle Regiment *** 8th Finnish Rifle Regiment

1916

The structure of the corps after its 1916 reorganisation was:{{cite web, title=Форум "1914 год" : Первая Мировая и Гражданская войны : История и реконструкция, url=http://1914.borda.ru/?1-0-0-00000839-000-10001-0, access-date=27 November 2020, website=Форум "1914 год", language=ru * 22nd Army Corps ** 6th Ugletsky Orenburg Ataman Cossack Regiment ** 8th Orenburg Cossack Regiment ** 30th Separate Don Cossack Squadron ** 22nd Mortar Artillery Division ** 22nd Sapper Battalion ** 1st Finnish Infantry Division *** 1st Finnish Rifle Artillery Brigade *** 1st Brigade **** 1st Finnish Rifle Regiment **** 2nd Finnish Rifle Regiment *** 2nd Brigade **** 3rd Finnish Rifle Regiment **** 4th Finnish Rifle Regiment ** 2nd Finnish Infantry Division *** 3rd Finnish Rifle Artillery Brigade *** 1st Brigade **** 9th Finnish Rifle Regiment **** 10th Finnish Rifle Regiment *** 2nd Brigade **** 11th Finnish Rifle Regiment **** 12th Finnish Rifle Regiment

Commanders

Divisional Commanders''22-й армейский корпус'' at Офицеры русской императорской армии
Retrieved 30 October 2020. * 1905—1905;

Lieutenant General Lieutenant general (Lt Gen, LTG and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages, where the title of lieutenant general was held by the second-in-command on the battlefield, who was norma ...

Ivan Makarovich Dzhambakurian-Orbeliani * 1905—1906; LtGen Anton Egorovich Saltz * 1906—1908; LtGen, later General of Cavalry

Vladimir Alexandrovich Bekman Woldemar Alexander Valerian von Boeckmann ( or ; 12 June 1848 – 26 November 1923) was an Imperial Russian division and corps commander. He served as the Governor-General of Finland from 1908 to 1909. He was on the State Council (Russian Empire ...

* 1908—1912; LtGen, later

General of Infantry General of the infantry is a military rank of a General officer in the infantry and refers to: * General of the Infantry (Austria) * General of the Infantry (Bulgaria) * General of the Infantry (Germany) ('), a rank of a general in the German Imper ...

Peter Smitrievich Olkhovsky * 1913—1917; LtGen, later General of Infantry Alexander Freidrikhovich Brinken * 1917—1917; LtGen Nikolai Afruchev * 1917—1917; LtGen Alexander Alekseevich Bezkrovny

Assignments

Imperial Russian Army Assignments of the corps during the First World War included; * 1914—1914; 9th Army * 1914—1915; 10th Army * 1915—1915; 8th Army * 1915—1915; 11th Army * 1915—1917; 7th Army * 1917—1917; Western Front

Footnotes

Corps of the Russian Empire Military units and formations established in 1905 Military units and formations disestablished in 1918 1905 establishments in Finland 1918 disestablishments in Russia