Events
Pre-1600
*
451 –
Battle of Chalons
The Battle of the Catalaunian Plains (or Fields), also called the Battle of the Campus Mauriacus, Battle of Châlons, Battle of Troyes or the Battle of Maurica, took place on June 20, 451 AD, between a coalition – led by the Roman general ...
:
Flavius Aetius' battles
Attila the Hun
Attila (, ; ), frequently called Attila the Hun, was the ruler of the Huns from 434 until his death in March 453. He was also the leader of a tribal empire consisting of Huns, Ostrogoths, Alans, and Bulgars, among others, in Central and Ea ...
. After the battle, which was inconclusive, Attila retreats, causing the Romans to interpret it as a victory.
*
1180
Year 1180 ( MCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Byzantine Empire
* September 24 – Emperor Manuel I (Komnenos) dies after a 37-year reign at C ...
–
First Battle of Uji, starting the
Genpei War
The was a national civil war between the Taira and Minamoto clans during the late Heian period of Japan. It resulted in the downfall of the Taira and the establishment of the Kamakura shogunate under Minamoto no Yoritomo, who appointed himself ...
in
Japan
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...
.
1601–1900
*
1622
Events
January–May
* January 7 – The Holy Roman Empire and Transylvania sign the Peace of Nikolsburg.
* February 8 – King James I of England dissolves the English Parliament.
* March 12 – Ignatius of Loyola, F ...
– The
Battle of Höchst takes place during the
Thirty Years' War.
*
1631
Events
January–March
* January 23 – Thirty Years' War: Sweden and France sign the Treaty of Bärwalde, a military alliance in which France provides funds for the Swedish army invading northern Germany.
* February 5 &ndash ...
– The
Sack of Baltimore
A sack usually refers to a rectangular-shaped bag.
Sack may also refer to:
Bags
* Flour sack
* Gunny sack
* Hacky sack, sport
* Money sack
* Paper sack
* Sleeping bag
* Stuff sack
* Knapsack
Other uses
* Bed, a slang term
* Sack (band), an ...
: The Irish village of
Baltimore
Baltimore ( , locally: or ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland, fourth most populous city in the Mid-Atlantic, and the 30th most populous city in the United States with a population of 585,708 in 2020. Baltimore was d ...
is attacked by
Algerian
pirates
Piracy is an act of robbery or criminal violence by ship or boat-borne attackers upon another ship or a coastal area, typically with the goal of stealing cargo and other valuable goods. Those who conduct acts of piracy are called pirates, v ...
.
*
1652
Events
January–March
* January 8 – Michiel de Ruyter marries the widow Anna van Gelder and plans retirement, but months later becomes a vice-commodore in the First Anglo-Dutch War.
* February 4 – At Edinburgh, the parl ...
–
Tarhoncu Ahmed Pasha is appointed
Grand Vizier
Grand vizier ( fa, وزيرِ اعظم, vazîr-i aʾzam; ota, صدر اعظم, sadr-ı aʾzam; tr, sadrazam) was the title of the effective head of government of many sovereign states in the Islamic world. The office of Grand Vizier was first ...
of the
Ottoman Empire.
*
1685
Events
January–March
* January 6 – American-born British citizen Elihu Yale, for whom Yale University in the U.S. is named, completes his term as the first leader of the Madras Presidency in India, administering the colony ...
–
Monmouth Rebellion
The Monmouth Rebellion, also known as the Pitchfork Rebellion, the Revolt of the West or the West Country rebellion, was an attempt to depose James II, who in February 1685 succeeded his brother Charles II as king of England, Scotland and Ir ...
:
James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth
James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, 1st Duke of Buccleuch, KG, PC (9 April 1649 – 15 July 1685) was a Dutch-born English nobleman and military officer. Originally called James Crofts or James Fitzroy, he was born in Rotterdam in the Netherlan ...
declares himself King of England at
Bridgwater
Bridgwater is a large historic market town and civil parish in Somerset, England. Its population currently stands at around 41,276 as of 2022. Bridgwater is at the edge of the Somerset Levels, in level and well-wooded country. The town lies alon ...
.
*
1756
Events
January–March
* January 16 – The Treaty of Westminster is signed between Great Britain and Prussia, guaranteeing the neutrality of the Kingdom of Hanover, controlled by King George II of Great Britain.
*February 7 & ...
– A
British garrison
A garrison (from the French ''garnison'', itself from the verb ''garnir'', "to equip") is any body of troops stationed in a particular location, originally to guard it. The term now often applies to certain facilities that constitute a mil ...
is imprisoned in the
Black Hole of Calcutta.
*
1782
Events
January–March
* January 7 – The first American commercial bank (Bank of North America) opens.
* January 15 – Superintendent of Finance Robert Morris goes before the United States Congress to recommend establish ...
– The
U.S. Congress adopts the
Great Seal of the United States.
*
1787
Events
January–March
* January 9 – The North Carolina General Assembly authorizes nine commissioners to purchase of land for the seat of Chatham County. The town is named Pittsborough (later shortened to Pittsboro), for ...
–
Oliver Ellsworth moves at the
Federal Convention
The Constitutional Convention took place in Philadelphia from May 25 to September 17, 1787. Although the convention was intended to revise the league of states and first system of government under the Articles of Confederation, the intention fr ...
to call the government the 'United States'.
*
1789
Events
January–March
* January – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès publishes the pamphlet ''What Is the Third Estate?'' ('), influential on the French Revolution.
* January 7 – The 1788-89 United States presidential election a ...
–
Deputies of the
French
French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to France
** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents
** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...
Third Estate take the
Tennis Court Oath.
*
1791
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Austrian composer Joseph Haydn arrives in England, to perform a series of concerts.
* January 2 – Northwest Indian War: Big Bottom Massacre – The war begins in the Ohio Country ...
– King
Louis XVI, disguised as a valet, and the French royal family attempt to flee Paris during the French Revolution.
*
1819
Events
January–March
* January 2 – The Panic of 1819, the first major peacetime financial crisis in the United States, begins.
* January 25 – Thomas Jefferson founds the University of Virginia.
* January 29 – Si ...
– The U.S. vessel arrives at
Liverpool, United Kingdom. It is the first steam-propelled vessel to cross the
Atlantic, although most of the journey is made under sail.
*
1837
Events
January–March
* January 1 – The destructive Galilee earthquake causes 6,000–7,000 casualties in Ottoman Syria.
* January 26 – Michigan becomes the 26th state admitted to the United States.
* February – Charles Dickens's ...
–
Queen Victoria succeeds to the British throne.
*
1840
Events
January–March
* January 3 – One of the predecessor papers of the ''Herald Sun'' of Melbourne, Australia, ''The Port Phillip Herald'', is founded.
* January 10 – Uniform Penny Post is introduced in the United Kingdom.
* Janua ...
–
Samuel Morse receives the patent for the
telegraph.
*
1862
Events
January–March
* January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria.
* January 6 – French intervention in Mexico: French, Spanish and British forces arrive in Veracruz, Mexico.
* January ...
–
Barbu Catargiu, the
Prime Minister of Romania, is assassinated.
*
1863
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Abraham Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation during the third year of the American Civil War, making the abolition of slavery in the Confederate states an official war goal. It proclaims t ...
–
American Civil War:
West Virginia is admitted as the 35th
U.S. state.
*
1877
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Queen Victoria is proclaimed ''Empress of India'' by the ''Royal Titles Act 1876'', introduced by Benjamin Disraeli, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom .
* January 8 – Great Sio ...
–
Alexander Graham Bell
Alexander Graham Bell (, born Alexander Bell; March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) was a Scottish-born inventor, scientist and engineer who is credited with patenting the first practical telephone. He also co-founded the American Telephone and Te ...
installs the world's first commercial
telephone service in
Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
*
1893
Events
January–March
* January 2 – Webb C. Ball introduces railroad chronometers, which become the general railroad timepiece standards in North America.
* Mark Twain started writing Puddn'head Wilson.
* January 6 – Th ...
–
Lizzie Borden is acquitted of the murders of her father and stepmother.
*
1895
Events
January–March
* January 5 – Dreyfus affair: French officer Alfred Dreyfus is stripped of his army rank, and sentenced to life imprisonment on Devil's Island.
* January 12 – The National Trust for Places of Histor ...
– The
Kiel Canal, crossing the base of the
Jutland peninsula and the busiest artificial waterway in the world, is officially opened.
*
1900
As of March 1 ( O.S. February 17), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 13 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 15), 2 ...
–
Boxer Rebellion
The Boxer Rebellion, also known as the Boxer Uprising, the Boxer Insurrection, or the Yihetuan Movement, was an anti-foreign, anti-colonial, and anti-Christian uprising in China between 1899 and 1901, towards the end of the Qing dynasty, by ...
: The
Imperial Chinese Army begins a
55-day siege of the
Legation Quarter in Beijing, China.
* 1900 – Baron
Eduard Toll, leader of the
Russian Polar Expedition of 1900, departs
Saint Petersburg in Russia on the explorer ship ''
Zarya Zarya may refer to:
*Zorya, personification of dawn in Slavic mythology
* Zarya (antenna), a type of medium-wave broadcasting antenna used in former Soviet Union
*Zarya (ISS module) is a module of the International Space Station.
* ''Zarya'' (magazi ...
'', never to return.
1901–present
*
1921
Events
January
* January 2
** The Association football club Cruzeiro Esporte Clube, from Belo Horizonte, is founded as the multi-sports club Palestra Italia by Italian expatriates in First Brazilian Republic, Brazil.
** The Spanish lin ...
– Workers of
Buckingham and Carnatic Mills in the city of
Chennai, India, begin a
four-month strike.
*
1926
Events January
* January 3 – Theodoros Pangalos declares himself dictator in Greece.
* January 8
**Abdul-Aziz ibn Saud is crowned King of Hejaz.
** Crown Prince Nguyễn Phúc Vĩnh Thuy ascends the throne, the last monarch of V ...
– The
28th International Eucharistic Congress
The 28th International Eucharistic Congress was held in Chicago, Illinois, United States from June 20 to 24, 1926. The event, held by the Catholic Church, was a eucharistic congress, which is a large scale gathering of Catholics that focuses ...
begins in
Chicago, with over 250,000 spectators attending the opening procession.
*
1942
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1 – WWII: The Declaration by United Nations is signed by China, the United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union, and 22 other nations, in wh ...
–
The Holocaust:
Kazimierz Piechowski and three others, dressed as members of the
SS-Totenkopfverbände
''SS-Totenkopfverbände'' (SS-TV; ) was the ''Schutzstaffel'' (SS) organization responsible for administering the Nazi concentration camps and extermination camps for Nazi Germany, among similar duties. While the ''Totenkopf'' was the univer ...
, steal an
SS staff car and escape from the
Auschwitz concentration camp
Auschwitz concentration camp ( (); also or ) was a complex of over 40 concentration and extermination camps operated by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland (in a portion annexed into Germany in 1939) during World War II and the Holocaust. It con ...
.
*
1943
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured.
* January 4 – ...
– The
Detroit race riot breaks out and continues for three more days.
* 1943 –
World War II: The
Royal Air Force launches
Operation Bellicose
Operation Bellicose was an attack by Avro Lancaster bombers of the Royal Air Force on a German radar factory housed in the former Zeppelin Works at Friedrichshafen and the Italian naval base at La Spezia. It was the first shuttle bombing rai ...
, the first
shuttle bombing raid of the war.
Avro Lancaster
The Avro Lancaster is a British Second World War heavy bomber. It was designed and manufactured by Avro as a contemporary of the Handley Page Halifax, both bombers having been developed to the same specification, as well as the Short Stirlin ...
bombers damage the
V-2 rocket production facilities at the
Zeppelin Works while en route to an air base in Algeria.
*
1944
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 2 – WWII:
** Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in Nor ...
– World War II: The
Battle of the Philippine Sea concludes with a decisive U.S. naval victory. The lopsided naval air battle is also known as the "Great Marianas Turkey Shoot".
* 1944 –
Continuation War: The
Soviet Union demands an unconditional surrender from Finland during the beginning of partially successful
Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive. The Finnish government refuses.
* 1944 – The experimental
MW 18014 V-2 rocket reaches an altitude of 176 km, becoming the first man-made object to reach outer space.
*
1945
1945 marked the end of World War II and the fall of Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. It is also the only year in which nuclear weapons have been used in combat.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
Januar ...
– The
United States Secretary of State approves the transfer of
Wernher von Braun and his team of Nazi rocket scientists to the U.S. under
Operation Paperclip.
*
1948
Events January
* January 1
** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated.
** The Constitution of New Jersey (later subject to amendment) goes into effect.
** The railways of Britain are nationalized, to form British ...
– The
Deutsche Mark is introduced in Western
Allied-occupied Germany. The
Soviet Military Administration in Germany responded by imposing the
Berlin Blockade four days later.
*
1956
Events
January
* January 1 – The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Anglo-Egyptian Condominium ends in Sudan.
* January 8 – Operation Auca: Five U.S. evangelical Christian Missionary, missionaries, Nate Saint, Roger Youderian, Ed McCully, Jim ...
– A
Venezuelan
Super-Constellation crashes in the Atlantic Ocean off
Asbury Park, New Jersey
Asbury Park () is a beachfront city located on the Jersey Shore in Monmouth County in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is part of the New York metropolitan area.
As of the 2020 U.S. census, the city's population was 15,188 , killing 74 people.
*
1959
Events January
* January 1 - Cuba: Fulgencio Batista flees Havana when the forces of Fidel Castro advance.
* January 2 - Lunar probe Luna 1 was the first man-made object to attain escape velocity from Earth. It reached the vicinity of E ...
–
A rare June hurricane strikes Canada's
Gulf of St. Lawrence
The Gulf of St. Lawrence () is the outlet of the North American Great Lakes via the St. Lawrence River into the Atlantic Ocean. The gulf is a semi-enclosed sea, covering an area of about and containing about of water, at an average depth of .
...
killing 35.
*
1960
It is also known as the "Year of Africa" because of major events—particularly the independence of seventeen African nations—that focused global attention on the continent and intensified feelings of Pan-Africanism.
Events
January
* Ja ...
– The
Mali Federation gains independence from France (it later splits into
Mali and
Senegal).
*
1963
Events January
* January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Cov ...
– Following the
Cuban Missile Crisis
The Cuban Missile Crisis, also known as the October Crisis (of 1962) ( es, Crisis de Octubre) in Cuba, the Caribbean Crisis () in Russia, or the Missile Scare, was a 35-day (16 October – 20 November 1962) confrontation between the United S ...
, the Soviet Union and the United States sign an agreement to establish the so-called "
red telephone" link between
Washington, D.C. and
Moscow.
*
1964
Events January
* January 1 – The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is dissolved.
* January 5 - In the first meeting between leaders of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches since the fifteenth century, Pope Paul VI and Patriarch ...
– A
Curtiss C-46 Commando
The Curtiss C-46 Commando is a twin-engine transport aircraft derived from the Curtiss CW-20 pressurised high-altitude airliner design. Early press reports used the name "Condor III" but the Commando name was in use by early 1942 in company pub ...
crashes in the Shengang District of Taiwan, killing 57 people.
*
1972
Within the context of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) it was the longest year ever, as two leap seconds were added during this 366-day year, an event which has not since been repeated. (If its start and end are defined using Solar time, me ...
–
Watergate scandal: An 18½-minute gap appears in the
tape recording of the conversations between U.S. President
Richard Nixon and his advisers regarding the recent arrests of his operatives while breaking into the
Watergate complex.
*
1973
Events January
* January 1 - The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union.
* January 15 – Vietnam War: Citing progress in peace negotiations, U.S. ...
–
Sniper
A sniper is a military/paramilitary marksman who engages targets from positions of concealment or at distances exceeding the target's detection capabilities. Snipers generally have specialized training and are equipped with high-precision r ...
s fire upon left-wing
Peronists in
Buenos Aires,
Argentina, in what is known as the
Ezeiza massacre. At least 13 are killed and more than 300 are injured.
* 1973 –
Aeroméxico Flight 229 crashes on approach to
Licenciado Gustavo Díaz Ordaz International Airport, killing all 27 people on board.
*
1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
– The film ''
Jaws'' is released in the United States, becoming the highest-grossing film of that time and starting the trend of films known as "
summer blockbusters".
*
1979
Events
January
* January 1
** United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the ''International Year of the Child''. Many musicians donate to the ''Music for UNICEF Concert'' fund, among them ABBA, who write the song ...
–
ABC News correspondent
Bill Stewart is shot dead by a Nicaraguan
National Guard soldier under the regime of
Anastasio Somoza Debayle
Anastasio "Tachito" Somoza Debayle (; 5 December 1925 – 17 September 1980) was the President of Nicaragua from 1 May 1967 to 1 May 1972 and from 1 December 1974 to 17 July 1979. As head of the National Guard, he was ''de facto'' ruler of ...
during the
Nicaraguan Revolution. The murder is caught on tape and sparks an international outcry against the regime.
*
1982
Events January
* January 1 – In Malaysia and Singapore, clocks are adjusted to the same time zone, UTC+8 (GMT+8.00).
* January 13 – Air Florida Flight 90 crashes shortly after takeoff into the 14th Street bridges, 14th Street Bridge in ...
– The
International Conference on the Holocaust and Genocide
The International Conference on the Holocaust and Genocide was the first major conference in the field of genocide studies, held in Tel Aviv on 20–24 June 1982. It was organized by Israel Charny, Elie Wiesel, Shamai Davidson, and their Institu ...
opens in
Tel Aviv, despite attempts by the Turkish government to cancel it, as it included presentations on the
Armenian genocide.
*
1982
Events January
* January 1 – In Malaysia and Singapore, clocks are adjusted to the same time zone, UTC+8 (GMT+8.00).
* January 13 – Air Florida Flight 90 crashes shortly after takeoff into the 14th Street bridges, 14th Street Bridge in ...
– The Argentine
Corbeta Uruguay base on
Southern Thule surrenders to Royal Marine commandos in the final action of the
Falklands War
The Falklands War ( es, link=no, Guerra de las Malvinas) was a ten-week undeclared war between Argentina and the United Kingdom in 1982 over two British dependent territories in the South Atlantic: the Falkland Islands and its territorial de ...
.
*
1988
File:1988 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The oil platform Piper Alpha explodes and collapses in the North Sea, killing 165 workers; The USS Vincennes (CG-49) mistakenly shoots down Iran Air Flight 655; Australia celebrates its Australian ...
– Haitian President
Leslie Manigat is ousted from power in a
coup d'état led by Lieutenant general
Henri Namphy.
*
1990
File:1990 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1990 FIFA World Cup is played in Italy; The Human Genome Project is launched; Voyager I takes the famous Pale Blue Dot image- speaking on the fragility of Humankind, humanity on Earth, Astroph ...
–
Asteroid
An asteroid is a minor planet of the inner Solar System. Sizes and shapes of asteroids vary significantly, ranging from 1-meter rocks to a dwarf planet almost 1000 km in diameter; they are rocky, metallic or icy bodies with no atmosphere.
...
Eureka is discovered.
* 1990 – The 7.4
Manjil–Rudbar earthquake affects northern
Iran with a maximum
Mercalli intensity of X (''Extreme''), killing 35,000–50,000, and injuring 60,000–105,000.
*
1991
File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the Phil ...
– The
German Bundestag votes to move seat of government from the former
West German capital of
Bonn to the present capital of
Berlin.
*
1994
File:1994 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1994 Winter Olympics are held in Lillehammer, Norway; The Kaiser Permanente building after the 1994 Northridge earthquake; A model of the MS Estonia, which Sinking of the MS Estonia, sank in ...
– The
1994 Imam Reza shrine bomb explosion
A bomb explosion occurred at the shrine of Ali al-Ridha, the eighth Imam of Shia, on 20 June 1994 in a crowded prayer hall in Mashhad, Iran. To maximize the number of casualties, the explosion took place on Ashura, one of the holiest days for S ...
in
Iran leaves at least 25 dead and 70 to 300 injured.
*
2003
File:2003 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The crew of STS-107 perished when the Space Shuttle Columbia disintegrated during reentry into Earth's atmosphere; SARS became an epidemic in China, and was a precursor to SARS-CoV-2; A des ...
– The
Wikimedia Foundation is founded in
St. Petersburg, Florida.
*
2019
File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
– Iran's
Air Defense Forces
The atmosphere of Earth is the layer of gases, known collectively as air, retained by Earth's gravity that surrounds the planet and forms its planetary atmosphere. The atmosphere of Earth protects life on Earth by creating pressure allowing for ...
shoot down an American surveillance drone over the
Strait of Hormuz
The Strait of Hormuz ( fa, تنگه هرمز ''Tangeh-ye Hormoz'' ar, مَضيق هُرمُز ''Maḍīq Hurmuz'') is a strait between the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. It provides the only sea passage from the Persian Gulf to the ...
amid
rising tensions between the two countries.
Births
Pre-1600
*
1005
Year 1005 ( MV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Europe
* Spring – The Republic of Pisa conducts a military offensive against the Saracen stronghol ...
–
Ali az-Zahir, Fatimid caliph of Egypt (d. 1036)
*
1389 –
John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, English statesman (d. 1435)
*
1469
Year 1469 ( MCDLXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–December
* February 4 – Battle of Qarabagh: Uzun Hasan decisively defeats the Timurids of ...
–
Gian Galeazzo Sforza, duke of Milan (d. 1494)
*
1566
__NOTOC__
Year 1566 ( MDLXVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–June
* January 7 – Pope Pius V succeeds Pope Pius IV, as the 225th pope.
* Febr ...
–
Sigismund III Vasa, Polish and Swedish king (d. 1632)
*
1583
__NOTOC__
Events
January–June
* January 18 – François, Duke of Anjou, attacks Antwerp.
* February 4 – Gebhard Truchsess von Waldburg, newly converted to Calvinism, formally marries Agnes von Mansfeld-Eisleben, a form ...
–
Jacob De la Gardie, Swedish soldier and politician,
Lord High Constable of Sweden (d. 1652)
1601–1900
*
1634
Events
January–March
* January 12– After suspecting that he will be dismissed, Albrecht von Wallenstein, supreme commander of the Holy Roman Empire's Army, demands that his colonels sign a declaration of personal loyalty.
...
–
Charles Emmanuel II, duke of Savoy (d. 1675)
*
1642
Events
January–March
* January 4 – First English Civil War: Charles I attempts to arrest six leading members of the Long Parliament, but they escape.
* February 5 – The Bishops Exclusion Act is passed in England ...
– (
O.S.)
George Hickes George Hickes may refer to:
* George Hickes (divine) (1642–1715), English divine and scholar
* George Hickes (Manitoba politician) (born 1946), Canadian politician
* George Hickes (Nunavut politician)
George Hickes, Jr. is a Canadian politi ...
, English minister and scholar (d. 1715)
*
1647
Events
January–March
* January 2 – Chinese bandit leader Zhang Xianzhong, who has ruled the Sichuan province since 1644, is killed at Xichong by a Qing archer after having been betrayed one of his officers, Liu Jinzhong.
...
– (
O.S.)
John George III
Johann George III (20 June 1647 – 12 September 1691) was Elector of Saxony from 1680 to 1691. He belonged to the Albertine line of the House of Wettin.
Early life
Johann Georg III was born in Dresden, the only son of Johann George II and Magd ...
, Elector of Saxony (d. 1691)
*
1717
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Count Carl Gyllenborg, the Swedish ambassador to the Kingdom of Great Britain, is arrested in London over a plot to assist the Pretender to the British throne, James Francis Edward Stuart.
* Ja ...
–
Jacques Saly
Jacques François Joseph Saly, also known as Jacques Saly (20 June 1717 – 4 May 1776), French-born sculptor who worked in France, Italy and Malta. He is commonly associated with his time in Denmark he served as Director of the Royal Danis ...
, French sculptor and painter (d. 1776)
*
1723
Events
January–March
* January 25 – British pirate Edward Low intercepts the Portuguese ship ''Nostra Signiora de Victoria''. After the Portuguese captain throws his treasure of 11,000 gold coins into the sea rather than s ...
– (
O.S.)
Adam Ferguson, Scottish philosopher and historian (d. 1816)
*
1737 –
Tokugawa Ieharu, Japanese shōgun (d. 1786)
*
1754
Events January–March
* January 28 – Horace Walpole, in a letter to Horace Mann, coins the word ''serendipity''.
* February 22 – Expecting an attack by Portuguese-speaking militias in the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Pla ...
–
Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt
Princess Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt (20 June 1754 – 21 June 1832) was a Hereditary Princess of Baden by marriage to Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden. She was the daughter of Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, Ludwig IX, Landgrave of ...
, princess of Baden (d. 1832)
*
1756
Events
January–March
* January 16 – The Treaty of Westminster is signed between Great Britain and Prussia, guaranteeing the neutrality of the Kingdom of Hanover, controlled by King George II of Great Britain.
*February 7 & ...
–
Joseph Martin Kraus, German-Swedish composer and educator (d. 1792)
*
1761
Events
January–March
* January 14 – Third Battle of Panipat: Ahmad Shah Durrani and his coalition decisively defeat the Maratha Confederacy, and restore the Mughal Empire to Shah Alam II.
* January 16 – Siege of Pondi ...
–
Jacob Hübner
Jacob Hübner (20 June 1761 – 13 September 1826, in Augsburg) was a German entomologist. He was the author of ''Sammlung Europäischer Schmetterlinge'' (1796–1805), a founding work of entomology.
Scientific career
Hübner was the author of '' ...
, German entomologist and author (d. 1826)
*
1763
Events
January–March
* January 27 – The seat of colonial administration in the Viceroyalty of Brazil is moved from Salvador to Rio de Janeiro.
* February 1 – The Royal Colony of North Carolina officially creates Meck ...
–
Wolfe Tone, Irish rebel leader (d. 1798)
*
1770
Events January– March
* January 1 – The foundation of Fort George, Bombay is laid by Colonel Keating, principal engineer, on the site of the former Dongri Fort.
* February 1 – Thomas Jefferson's home at Shadwell, Virgi ...
–
Moses Waddel
Moses Waddel (June 20, 1770 – July 21, 1840)
was an American educator and minister in antebellum Georgia and South Carolina. Famous as a teacher during his life, Moses Waddel was author of the bestselling book ''Memoirs of the Life of Miss C ...
, American minister and academic (d. 1840)
*
1771
Events January– March
* January 5 – The Great Kalmyk (Torghut) Migration is led by Ubashi Khan, from the east bank of the Lower Volga River back to the homeland of Dzungaria, at this time under Qing Dynasty rule.
* January 9 ...
–
Thomas Douglas, 5th Earl of Selkirk, Scottish philanthropist and politician,
Lord Lieutenant of Kirkcudbright (d. 1820)
* 1771 –
Hermann von Boyen, Prussian general and politician,
Prussian Minister of War (d. 1848)
*
1777
Events
January–March
* January 2 – American Revolutionary War – Battle of the Assunpink Creek: American general George Washington's army repulses a British attack by Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis, in a second ...
–
Jean-Jacques Lartigue, Canadian bishop (d. 1840)
*
1778
Events
January–March
* January 18 – Third voyage of James Cook: Captain James Cook, with ships HMS ''Resolution'' and HMS ''Discovery'', first views Oahu then Kauai in the Hawaiian Islands of the Pacific Ocean, which he na ...
–
Jean Baptiste Gay, vicomte de Martignac, French politician, 7th
Prime Minister of France
The prime minister of France (french: link=no, Premier ministre français), officially the prime minister of the French Republic, is the head of government of the French Republic and the leader of the Council of Ministers.
The prime minister ...
(d. 1832)
*
1786
Events
January–March
* January 3 – The third Treaty of Hopewell is signed, between the United States and the Choctaw.
* January 6 – The outward bound East Indiaman '' Halsewell'' is wrecked on the south coast of Englan ...
–
Marceline Desbordes-Valmore, French poet and author (d. 1859)
*
1796 –
Luigi Amat di San Filippo e Sorso
Luigi Amat di San Filippo e Sorso (20 June 1796 – 30 March 1878) was the dean of the College of Cardinals during the last part of the record long reign of Pope Pius IX.
Biography
The issue of an ancient and noble Catalan Sardinian family,As f ...
, Italian cardinal (d. 1878)
*
1808
Events January–March
* January 1
** The importation of slaves into the United States is banned, as the 1807 Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves takes effect; African slaves continue to be imported into Cuba, and until the island ab ...
–
Samson Raphael Hirsch, German rabbi and scholar (d. 1888)
*
1809
Events
January–March
* January 5 – The Treaty of the Dardanelles, between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the Ottoman Empire, is concluded.
* January 10 – Peninsular War – French Marshal Jean ...
–
Isaak August Dorner
Isaak August Dorner (20 June 1809 – 8 July 1884) was a German Lutheran church leader. He was a meditating theologian in nineteenth-century Germany who served as a professor of theology at the University of Berlin and had an international influenc ...
, German theologian and academic (d. 1884)
*
1813
Events
January–March
* January 18–January 23 – War of 1812: The Battle of Frenchtown is fought in modern-day Monroe, Michigan between the United States and a British and Native American alliance.
* January 24 – T ...
–
Joseph Autran, French poet and author (d. 1877)
*
1819
Events
January–March
* January 2 – The Panic of 1819, the first major peacetime financial crisis in the United States, begins.
* January 25 – Thomas Jefferson founds the University of Virginia.
* January 29 – Si ...
–
Jacques Offenbach, German-French cellist and composer (d. 1880)
*
1847
Events
January–March
* January 4 – Samuel Colt sells his first revolver pistol to the U.S. government.
* January 13 – The Treaty of Cahuenga ends fighting in the Mexican–American War in California.
* January 16 – John C. Frémont ...
–
Gina Krog
Jørgine Anna Sverdrup "Gina" Krog (20 June 1847 – 14 April 1916) was a Norwegian suffragist, teacher, liberal politician, writer and editor, and a major figure in liberal feminism in Scandinavia.
She played a central role in the Norwegian l ...
, Norwegian suffragist and women's rights activist (d. 1916)
*
1855
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Ottawa, Ontario, is incorporated as a city.
* January 5 – Ramón Castilla begins his third term as President of Peru.
* January 23
** The first bridge over the Mississippi River opens ...
–
Richard Lodge, English historian and academic (d. 1936)
*
1858
Events
January–March
* January –
**Benito Juárez (1806–1872) becomes Liberal President of Mexico. At the same time, conservatives install Félix María Zuloaga (1813–1898) as president.
**William I of Prussia becomes regent f ...
–
Charles W. Chesnutt, American novelist and short story writer (d. 1932)
*
1859
Events
January–March
* January 21 – José Mariano Salas (1797–1867) becomes Conservative interim President of Mexico.
* January 24 ( O. S.) – Wallachia and Moldavia are united under Alexandru Ioan Cuza (Romania since 1866, final u ...
–
Christian von Ehrenfels, Austrian philosopher (d. 1932)
*
1860
Events
January–March
* January 2 – The discovery of a hypothetical planet Vulcan is announced at a meeting of the French Academy of Sciences in Paris, France.
* January 10 – The Pemberton Mill in Lawrence, Massachusett ...
–
Alexander Winton
Alexander Winton (June 20, 1860 – June 21, 1932) was a Scottish-American bicycle, automobile, and diesel engine designer and inventor, as well as a businessman and racecar driver. Winton founded the Winton Motor Carriage Company in 1897 in Clev ...
, Scottish-American race car driver and engineer (d. 1932)
* 1860 –
Jack Worrall, Australian cricketer, footballer, and coach (d. 1937)
*
1861
Statistically, this year is considered the end of the whale oil industry and (in replacement) the beginning of the petroleum oil industry.
Events
January–March
* January 1
** Benito Juárez captures Mexico City.
** The first steam-p ...
–
Frederick Gowland Hopkins, English biochemist and academic,
Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1947)
*
1865
Events
January–March
* January 4 – The New York Stock Exchange opens its first permanent headquarters at Broad Street (Manhattan), 10-12 Broad near Wall Street, in New York City.
* January 13 – American Civil War : Sec ...
–
George Redmayne Murray
George Redmayne Murray (20 June 1865 – 21 September 1939) was an English physician who pioneered in the treatment of endocrine disorders. In 1891, he introduced the successful treatment of myxedema, with injections of sheep thyroid extract.
M ...
, English biologist and physician (d. 1939)
*
1866
Events January–March
* January 1
** Fisk University, a historically black university, is established in Nashville, Tennessee.
** The last issue of the abolitionist magazine '' The Liberator'' is published.
* January 6 – Ottoman tr ...
–
James Burns James Burns may refer to:
Business
* James Burns (Australian shipowner) (1846–1923), Australian businessman
* James Burns (Canadian businessman) (1921–2019), Canadian businessman
* James Burns (merchant), Glasgow-born merchant of the 17th centu ...
, English cricketer (d. 1957)
*
1867
Events
January–March
* January 1 – The Covington–Cincinnati Suspension Bridge opens between Cincinnati, Ohio, and Covington, Kentucky, in the United States, becoming the longest single-span bridge in the world. It was renamed a ...
–
Leon Wachholz
Leon Jan Wachholz (Wacholz) (1867–1942) was a Polish scientist and medical examiner who researched and taught as a professor of forensic and social medicine at Jagiellonian University between 1896 and 1933 and published formative works on foren ...
, Polish scientist and medical examiner (d. 1942)
*
1869
Events
January–March
* January 3 – Abdur Rahman Khan is defeated at Tinah Khan, and exiled from Afghanistan.
* January 5 – Scotland's oldest professional football team, Kilmarnock F.C., is founded.
* January 20 – E ...
–
Laxmanrao Kirloskar, Indian businessman, founded the
Kirloskar Group (d. 1956)
*
1870
Events
January–March
* January 1
** The first edition of ''The Northern Echo'' newspaper is published in Priestgate, Darlington, England.
** Plans for the Brooklyn Bridge are completed.
* January 3 – Construction of the Broo ...
–
Georges Dufrénoy, French painter and academic (d. 1943)
*
1872
Events
January–March
* January 12 – Yohannes IV is crowned Emperor of Ethiopia in Axum, the first ruler crowned in that city in over 500 years.
* February 2 – The government of the United Kingdom buys a number of forts on ...
–
George Carpenter, American 5th
General of The Salvation Army (d. 1948)
*
1875
Events
January–March
* January 1 – The Midland Railway of England abolishes the Second Class passenger category, leaving First Class and Third Class. Other British railway companies follow Midland's lead during the rest of the ...
–
Reginald Punnett, English geneticist, statistician, and academic (d. 1967)
*
1882
Events
January–March
* January 2
** The Standard Oil Trust is secretly created in the United States to control multiple corporations set up by John D. Rockefeller and his associates.
** Irish-born author Oscar Wilde arrives in ...
–
Daniel Sawyer, American golfer (d. 1937)
*
1884
Events
January–March
* January 4 – The Fabian Society is founded in London.
* January 5 – Gilbert and Sullivan's ''Princess Ida'' premières at the Savoy Theatre, London.
* January 18 – Dr. William Price atte ...
–
Mary R. Calvert
Mary Ross Calvert (June 20, 1884 – June 25, 1974) was an American astronomical computer and astrophotographer. She started as her uncle Edward Emerson Barnard's assistant and ended publishing his (and their) work that cataloged over 300 dark o ...
, American astronomer and author (d. 1974)
* 1884 –
Johannes Heinrich Schultz
Johannes Heinrich Schultz (June 20, 1884 – September 19, 1970) was a German psychiatrist and an independent psychotherapist. Schultz became world-famous for the development of a system of self-hypnosis called autogenic training.
Life
He stu ...
, German psychiatrist and psychotherapist (d. 1970)
*
1885
Events
January–March
* January 3– 4 – Sino-French War – Battle of Núi Bop: French troops under General Oscar de Négrier defeat a numerically superior Qing Chinese force, in northern Vietnam.
* January 4 – ...
–
Andrzej Gawroński, Polish linguist and academic (d. 1927)
*
1887
Events
January–March
* January 11 – Louis Pasteur's anti-rabies treatment is defended in the Académie Nationale de Médecine, by Dr. Joseph Grancher.
* January 20
** The United States Senate allows the Navy to lease Pearl Har ...
–
Kurt Schwitters, German painter and illustrator (d. 1948)
*
1889
Events
January–March
* January 1
** The total solar eclipse of January 1, 1889 is seen over parts of California and Nevada.
** Paiute spiritual leader Wovoka experiences a vision, leading to the start of the Ghost Dance movement in the ...
–
John S. Paraskevopoulos
John Stefanos Paraskevopoulos (June 20, 1889 – March 15, 1951) also known as John Paras, was a Greek/South African astronomer. He was born in Piraeus, Greece and graduated from the University of Athens, where he obtained his PhD in Physics ...
, Greek-South African astronomer and academic (d. 1951)
*
1891
Events
January–March
* January 1
** Paying of old age pensions begins in Germany.
** A strike of 500 Hungarian steel workers occurs; 3,000 men are out of work as a consequence.
**Germany takes formal possession of its new Africa ...
–
Giannina Arangi-Lombardi, Italian soprano (d. 1951)
* 1891 –
John A. Costello
John Aloysius Costello (20 June 1891 – 5 January 1976) was an Irish Fine Gael politician who served as Taoiseach from 1948 to 1951 and from 1954 to 1957, Leader of the Opposition from 1951 to 1954 and from 1957 to 1959, and Attorney General of ...
, Irish lawyer and politician, 3rd
Taoiseach of Ireland (d. 1976)
*
1893
Events
January–March
* January 2 – Webb C. Ball introduces railroad chronometers, which become the general railroad timepiece standards in North America.
* Mark Twain started writing Puddn'head Wilson.
* January 6 – Th ...
–
Wilhelm Zaisser, German soldier and politician (d. 1958)
*
1894
Events January–March
* January 4 – A military alliance is established between the French Third Republic and the Russian Empire.
* January 7 – William Kennedy Dickson receives a patent for motion picture film in the United S ...
–
Lloyd Hall, American chemist and academic (d. 1971)
*
1896
Events
January–March
* January 2 – The Jameson Raid comes to an end, as Jameson surrenders to the Boers.
* January 4 – Utah is admitted as the 45th U.S. state.
* January 5 – An Austrian newspaper reports that Wil ...
–
Wilfrid Pelletier, Canadian pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1982)
*
1897
Events
January–March
* January 2 – The International Alpha Omicron Pi sorority is founded, in New York City.
* January 4 – A British force is ambushed by Chief Ologbosere, son-in-law of the ruler. This leads to a puniti ...
–
Elisabeth Hauptmann, German author and playwright (d. 1973)
*
1899
Events January 1899
* January 1
** Spanish rule ends in Cuba, concluding 400 years of the Spanish Empire in the Americas.
** Queens and Staten Island become administratively part of New York City.
* January 2 –
**Bolivia sets up a c ...
–
Jean Moulin, French soldier and engineer (d. 1943)
1901–present
*
1903
Events January
* January 1 – Edward VII is proclaimed Emperor of India.
* January 19 – The first west–east transatlantic radio broadcast is made from the United States to England (the first east–west broadcast having been ...
–
Sam Rabin
Samuel (Sam) Rabin, originally Samuel Rabinovitch, (20 June 1903 – 20 December 1991) was an English sculptor, artist, teacher, singer, wrestler and Olympic bronze medalist.
Family and early life
Rabin, who was Jewish, was born Samuel Rab ...
, English wrestler, sculptor, and singer (d. 1991)
*
1905
As the second year of the massive Russo-Japanese War begins, more than 100,000 die in the largest world battles of that era, and the war chaos leads to the 1905 Russian Revolution against Nicholas II of Russia (Shostakovich's 11th Symphony i ...
–
Lillian Hellman, American playwright and screenwriter (d. 1984)
*
1906
Events
January–February
* January 12 – Persian Constitutional Revolution: A nationalistic coalition of merchants, religious leaders and intellectuals in Persia forces the shah Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar to grant a constitution, ...
–
Bob King
Bob, BOB, or B.O.B. may refer to:
Places
* Mount Bob, New York, United States
* Bob Island, Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica
People, fictional characters, and named animals
* Bob (given name), a list of people and fictional characters
* Bob (surn ...
, American high jumper and obstetrician (d. 1965)
*
1907
Events
January
* January 14 – 1907 Kingston earthquake: A 6.5 Mw earthquake in Kingston, Jamaica, kills between 800 and 1,000.
February
* February 11 – The French warship ''Jean Bart'' sinks off the coast of Morocco. ...
–
Jimmy Driftwood, American singer-songwriter and banjo player (d. 1998)
*
1908
Events
January
* January 1 – The British ''Nimrod'' Expedition led by Ernest Shackleton sets sail from New Zealand on the ''Nimrod'' for Antarctica.
* January 3 – A total solar eclipse is visible in the Pacific Ocean, and is the 46 ...
–
Billy Werber, American baseball player (d. 2009)
* 1908 –
Gus Schilling, American actor (d. 1957)
*
1909
Events
January–February
* January 4 – Explorer Aeneas Mackintosh of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition escaped death by fleeing across ice floes.
* January 7 – Colombia recognizes the independence of Panama.
* Januar ...
–
Errol Flynn, Australian-American actor (d. 1959)
*
1910
Events
January
* January 13 – The first public radio broadcast takes place; live performances of the operas '' Cavalleria rusticana'' and ''Pagliacci'' are sent out over the airwaves, from the Metropolitan Opera House in New York C ...
–
Josephine Johnson, American author and poet (d. 1990)
*
1911
A notable ongoing event was the Comparison of the Amundsen and Scott Expeditions, race for the South Pole.
Events January
* January 1 – A decade after federation, the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory ...
–
Gail Patrick, American actress (d. 1980)
*
1912
Events January
* January 1 – The Republic of China (1912–49), Republic of China is established.
* January 5 – The Prague Conference (6th All-Russian Conference of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party) opens.
* January 6 ...
–
Anthony Buckeridge, English author (d. 2004)
* 1912 –
Jack Torrance, American shot putter and football player (d. 1969)
*
1912
Events January
* January 1 – The Republic of China (1912–49), Republic of China is established.
* January 5 – The Prague Conference (6th All-Russian Conference of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party) opens.
* January 6 ...
–
Geoffrey Baker, English
Field Marshal
Field marshal (or field-marshal, abbreviated as FM) is the most senior military rank, ordinarily senior to the general officer ranks. Usually, it is the highest rank in an army and as such few persons are appointed to it. It is considered as ...
and
Chief of the General Staff of the
British Army (d. 1980)
*
1914
This year saw the beginning of what became known as World War I, after Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the Austrian throne was Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip. It als ...
–
Gordon Juckes
Gordon Wainwright Juckes (; June 20 or 30, 1914 – October 4, 1994) was a Canadian ice hockey administrator. He served as the president and later the executive director of the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association (CAHA), and as a council membe ...
, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1994)
* 1914 –
Muazzez İlmiye Çığ, Turkish archaeologist and academic
*
1915
Events
Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix.
January
* January – British physicist Sir Joseph Larmor publishes his observations on "The Influence of Local Atmospheric Cooling on Astronomical Refraction".
*January 1 ...
–
Dick Reynolds, Australian footballer and coach (d. 2002)
* 1915 –
Terence Young Terence or Terry Young may refer to:
*Terence Young (director) (1915–1994), British film director
* Terence Young (politician) (born 1952), Canadian Conservative Party politician
* Terence Young (writer), Canadian writer
* Terry Young (American p ...
, Chinese-English director and screenwriter (d. 1994)
*
1916
Events
Below, the events of the First World War have the "WWI" prefix.
January
* January 1 – The British Royal Army Medical Corps carries out the first successful blood transfusion, using blood that had been stored and cooled.
* ...
–
Jean-Jacques Bertrand, Canadian lawyer and politician, 21st
Premier of Quebec (d. 1973)
* 1916 –
T. Texas Tyler
David Luke Myrick (June 20, 1916 – January 28, 1972), known professionally as T. Texas Tyler, was an American country music singer and songwriter primarily known for his 1948 hit, "The Deck of Cards".
Biography
Myrick was born just outside ...
, American country music singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1972)
*
1917
Events
Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix.
January
* January 9 – WWI – Battle of Rafa: The last substantial Ottoman Army garrison on the Sinai Peninsula is captured by the Egyptian Expeditionary Force's ...
–
Helena Rasiowa, Austrian-Polish mathematician and academic (d. 1994)
*
1918
This year is noted for the end of the First World War, on the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month, as well as for the Spanish flu pandemic that killed 50–100 million people worldwide.
Events
Below, the events ...
–
George Lynch, American race car driver (d. 1997)
* 1918 –
Zoltán Sztáray
Zoltán Sztáray (June 20, 1918 – April 20, 2011) was one of the better known contemporary writers of the Hungarian emigration. He was imprisoned in the for many months (or years) until he escaped and moved to the United States. He was born in M ...
, Hungarian-American author (d. 2011)
* 1920 –
Danny Cedrone, American guitarist and bandleader (d. 1954)
* 1920 –
Thomas Jefferson, American trumpet player (d. 1986)
*
1921
Events
January
* January 2
** The Association football club Cruzeiro Esporte Clube, from Belo Horizonte, is founded as the multi-sports club Palestra Italia by Italian expatriates in First Brazilian Republic, Brazil.
** The Spanish lin ...
–
Byron Farwell
Byron Edgar Farwell (June 20, 1921 – August 3, 1999) was an American military historian, biographer, and politician. He was the mayor of Hillsboro, Virginia, for three terms, worked for Chrysler, and as an author completed 14 books and num ...
, American historian and author (d. 1999)
* 1921 –
Pancho Segura, Ecuadorian tennis player (d. 2017)
*
1923
Events
January–February
* January 9 – Lithuania begins the Klaipėda Revolt to annex the Klaipėda Region (Memel Territory).
* January 11 – Despite strong British protests, troops from France and Belgium occupy the Ruhr area, t ...
–
Peter Gay
Peter Joachim Gay (né Fröhlich; June 20, 1923 – May 12, 2015) was a German-American historian, educator, and author. He was a Sterling Professor of History at Yale University and former director of the New York Public Library's Center for Sch ...
, German-American historian, author, and academic (d. 2015)
* 1923 –
Jerzy Nowak, Polish actor and educator (d. 2013)
*
1924
Events
January
* January 12 – Gopinath Saha shoots Ernest Day, whom he has mistaken for Sir Charles Tegart, the police commissioner of Calcutta, and is arrested soon after.
* January 20– 30 – Kuomintang in China hol ...
–
Chet Atkins, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 2001)
* 1924 –
Fritz Koenig
Fritz Koenig (20 June 1924 – 22 February 2017) was one of the most important international German sculptors of the 20th century.
Koenig's main work and most famous work is ''The Sphere''. The world's largest bronze sculpture of modern tim ...
, German sculptor and academic, designed
The Sphere (d. 2017)
*
1925
Events January
* January 1
** The Syrian Federation is officially dissolved, the State of Aleppo and the State of Damascus having been replaced by the State of Syria.
* January 3 – Benito Mussolini makes a pivotal speech in the Italia ...
–
Doris Hart
Doris Hart (June 20, 1925 – May 29, 2015) was an American tennis player from who was active in the 1940s and first half of the 1950s. She was ranked world No. 1 in 1951. She was the fourth player, and second woman, to win a Career Grand Slam in ...
, American tennis player and educator (d. 2015)
* 1925 –
Audie Murphy, American lieutenant and actor,
Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1971)
*
1926
Events January
* January 3 – Theodoros Pangalos declares himself dictator in Greece.
* January 8
**Abdul-Aziz ibn Saud is crowned King of Hejaz.
** Crown Prince Nguyễn Phúc Vĩnh Thuy ascends the throne, the last monarch of V ...
–
Rehavam Ze'evi, Israeli general and politician, 9th
Israeli Minister of Tourism (d. 2001)
*
1927
Events January
* January 1 – The British Broadcasting ''Company'' becomes the British Broadcasting ''Corporation'', when its Royal Charter of incorporation takes effect. John Reith becomes the first Director-General.
* January 7
* ...
–
Simin Behbahani
Simin Behbahani, her surname also appears as Bihbahani (née Siminbar Khalili; fa, سیمین بهبهانی; 20 July 1927 – 19 August 2014) was a prominent Iranian contemporary poet, lyricist and activist. She is known for her poems in a ghaz ...
, Iranian poet and activist (d. 2014)
*
1928
Events January
* January – British bacteriologist Frederick Griffith reports the results of Griffith's experiment, indirectly proving the existence of DNA.
* January 1 – Eastern Bloc emigration and defection: Boris Bazhanov, J ...
–
Eric Dolphy
Eric Allan Dolphy Jr. (June 20, 1928 – June 29, 1964) was an American jazz alto saxophonist, bass clarinetist and flautist. On a few occasions, he also played the clarinet and piccolo. Dolphy was one of several multi-instrumentalists to gai ...
, American saxophonist, flute player, and composer (d. 1964)
* 1928 –
Martin Landau, American actor and producer (d. 2017)
* 1928 –
Jean-Marie Le Pen, French intelligence officer and politician
* 1928 –
Asrat Woldeyes, Ethiopian surgeon and educator (d. 1999)
*
1929
This year marked the end of a period known in American history as the Roaring Twenties after the Wall Street Crash of 1929 ushered in a worldwide Great Depression. In the Americas, an agreement was brokered to end the Cristero War, a Catholic ...
–
Edgar Bronfman, Sr.
Edgar Miles Bronfman (born June 20, 1929 – December 21, 2013) was a Canadian-American businessman. He worked for his family's distilled beverage firm, Seagram, eventually becoming president, treasurer and CEO. As president of the World Jewish ...
, Canadian-American businessman and philanthropist (d. 2013)
* 1929 –
Anne Weale
Jay Blakeney (20 June 1929 – 24 October 2007) was a British writer and newspaper reporter, well known as a romance novelist under the pen names Anne Weale and Andrea Blake. She wrote over 88 books for Mills & Boon from 1955 to 2002. She died ...
, English journalist and author (d. 2007)
* 1929 –
Edith Windsor, American lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender rights activist (d. 2017)
*
1930
Events
January
* January 15 – The Moon moves into its nearest point to Earth, called perigee, at the same time as its fullest phase of the Lunar Cycle. This is the closest moon distance at in recent history, and the next one will be ...
–
Magdalena Abakanowicz, Polish sculptor and academic (d. 2017)
* 1930 –
John Waine
John Waine (20 June 193029 December 2020) was Bishop of Chelmsford from 1986 to 1996; and previously Bishop of St Edmundsbury and Ipswich from 1978 to 1986, Bishop of Stafford, 1975–1978. He also served as Clerk of the Closet from 1989 to ...
, English bishop (d. 2020)
*
1931
Events
January
* January 2 – South Dakota native Ernest Lawrence invents the cyclotron, used to accelerate particles to study nuclear physics.
* January 4 – German pilot Elly Beinhorn begins her flight to Africa.
* January 22 – Sir I ...
–
Olympia Dukakis, American actress (d. 2021)
* 1931 –
James Tolkan, American actor and director
*
1932
Events January
* January 4 – The British authorities in India arrest and intern Mahatma Gandhi and Vallabhbhai Patel.
* January 9 – Sakuradamon Incident (1932), Sakuradamon Incident: Korean nationalist Lee Bong-chang fails in his effort ...
–
Robert Rozhdestvensky, Russian poet and author (d. 1994)
*
1933
Events
January
* January 11 – Sir Charles Kingsford Smith makes the first commercial flight between Australia and New Zealand.
* January 17 – The United States Congress votes in favour of Philippines independence, against the wis ...
–
Danny Aiello
Daniel Louis Aiello Jr. () (June 20, 1933 – December 12, 2019) was an American actor. He appeared in numerous motion pictures, including ''The Godfather Part II'' (1974), ''The Front'' (1976), ''Once Upon a Time in America'' (1984), ''Hide in ...
, American actor (d. 2019)
* 1933 –
Claire Tomalin
Claire Tomalin (née Delavenay; born 20 June 1933) is an English journalist and biographer, known for her biographies of Charles Dickens, Thomas Hardy, Samuel Pepys, Jane Austen and Mary Wollstonecraft.
Early life
Tomalin was born Claire Del ...
, English journalist and author
*
1934
Events
January–February
* January 1 – The International Telecommunication Union, a specialist agency of the League of Nations, is established.
* January 15 – The 8.0 1934 Nepal–Bihar earthquake, Nepal–Bihar earthquake strik ...
–
Wendy Craig, English actress
*
1935
Events
January
* January 7 – Italian premier Benito Mussolini and French Foreign Minister Pierre Laval conclude Franco-Italian Agreement of 1935, an agreement, in which each power agrees not to oppose the other's colonial claims.
* ...
–
Jim Barker, American politician (d. 2005)
* 1935 –
Len Dawson, American football player (d. 2022)
* 1935 –
Armando Picchi, Italian footballer and coach (d. 1971)
*
1936
Events
January–February
* January 20 – George V of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India, dies at his Sandringham Estate. The Prince of Wales succeeds to the throne of the United Kingdom as King E ...
–
Billy Guy, American singer (d. 2002)
* 1936 –
Enn Vetemaa, Estonian author and screenwriter (d. 2017)
*
1937
Events
January
* January 1 – Anastasio Somoza García becomes President of Nicaragua.
* January 5 – Water levels begin to rise in the Ohio River in the United States, leading to the Ohio River flood of 1937, which continues into Fe ...
–
Stafford Dean
Stafford Dean (born 20 June 1937) is a British bass opera singer.
Stafford Dean was born in Kingswood, Surrey, England. He studied under Howell Glynne and others.
Of particular note was his performance as Pooh-Bah in the BBC production of ''M ...
, English actor and singer
* 1937 –
Jerry Keller, American singer-songwriter
*
1938
Events
January
* January 1
** The Constitution of Estonia#Third Constitution (de facto 1938–1940, de jure 1938–1992), new constitution of Estonia enters into force, which many consider to be the ending of the Era of Silence and the a ...
–
Joan Kirner, Australian educator and politician, 42nd
Premier of Victoria (d. 2015)
* 1938 –
Mickie Most
Michael Peter Hayes (20 June 1938 – 30 May 2003), known as Mickie Most, was an English record producer behind scores of hit singles for acts such as the Animals, Herman's Hermits, the Nashville Teens, Donovan, Lulu, Suzi Quatro, Hot Chocolate ...
, English music producer (d. 2003)
*
1939
This year also marks the start of the Second World War, the largest and deadliest conflict in human history.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1
** Third Reich
*** Jews are forbidden to ...
–
Ramakant Desai, Indian cricketer (d. 1998)
* 1939 –
Budge Rogers
Derek Prior "Budge" Rogers OBE, born in Bedford on 20 June 1939 and educated at Bedford School, is a former rugby union player who captained Bedford and played at international level for both and the British Lions.
His club Bedford recovered ...
, English rugby player and manager
*
1940
A calendar from 1940 according to the Gregorian calendar, factoring in the dates of Easter and related holidays, cannot be used again until the year 5280.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
*January ...
–
Eugen Drewermann, German priest and theologian
* 1940 –
John Mahoney, English-born American actor (d. 2018)
*
1941
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January–August – 10,072 men, women and children with mental and physical disabilities are asphyxiated with carbon monoxide in a gas chamber, at Hadamar Eu ...
–
Stephen Frears, English actor, director, and producer
* 1941 –
Ulf Merbold, German physicist and astronaut
*
1942
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1 – WWII: The Declaration by United Nations is signed by China, the United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union, and 22 other nations, in wh ...
–
Neil Trudinger, Australian mathematician and theorist
* 1942 –
Brian Wilson
Brian Douglas Wilson (born June 20, 1942) is an American musician, singer, songwriter, and record producer who co-founded the Beach Boys. Often called a genius for his novel approaches to pop composition, extraordinary musical aptitude, and m ...
, American singer-songwriter and producer
*
1945
1945 marked the end of World War II and the fall of Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. It is also the only year in which nuclear weapons have been used in combat.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
Januar ...
–
Anne Murray, Canadian singer and guitarist
*
1946
Events January
* January 6 - The 1946 North Vietnamese parliamentary election, first general election ever in Vietnam is held.
* January 7 – The Allies recognize the Austrian republic with its 1937 borders, and divide the country into f ...
–
Xanana Gusmão, Timorese soldier and politician, 1st
President of East Timor
* 1946 –
David Kazhdan
David Kazhdan ( he, דוד קשדן), born Dmitry Aleksandrovich Kazhdan (russian: Дми́трий Александро́вич Кажда́н), is a Soviet and Israeli mathematician known for work in representation theory. Kazhdan is a 1990 Ma ...
, Russian-Israeli mathematician and academic
* 1946 –
Bob Vila
Robert Joseph Vila (born June 20, 1946) is an American home improvement television show host known for ''This Old House'' (1979–1989), ''Bob Vila's Home Again'' (1990–2005), and ''Bob Vila'' (2005–2007).
Early life and education
Vila, a C ...
, American television host
* 1946 –
André Watts, American pianist and educator
*
1947
It was the first year of the Cold War, which would last until 1991, ending with the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Events
January
* January–February – Winter of 1946–47 in the United Kingdom: The worst snowfall in the country in ...
–
Dolores "LaLa" Brooks
Dolores Brooks (born June 20, 1947) is the second lead singer of the girl group the Crystals. She is best known as the lead vocalist on the Crystals' hits "Then He Kissed Me" and "Da Doo Ron Ron".
Biography
Brooks was the second youngest of 11 c ...
, American pop singer
*
1948
Events January
* January 1
** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated.
** The Constitution of New Jersey (later subject to amendment) goes into effect.
** The railways of Britain are nationalized, to form British ...
–
Cirilo Flores
Cirilo B. Flores (June 20, 1948 – September 6, 2014) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church who served as bishop of the Diocese of San Diego in California from 2013 until his death in 2014. He previously served as coadjutor bish ...
, American bishop (d. 2014)
* 1948 –
Alan Longmuir, Scottish bass player and songwriter (d. 2018)
* 1948 –
Ludwig Scotty, Nauruan politician, 10th
President of Nauru
*
1949
Events
January
* January 1 – A United Nations-sponsored ceasefire brings an end to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The war results in a stalemate and the division of Kashmir, which still continues as of 2022.
* January 2 – Luis ...
–
Gotabaya Rajapaksa
Lieutenant Colonel Nandasena Gotabaya Rajapaksa ( si, නන්දසේන ගෝඨාභය රාජපක්ෂ; ta, நந்தசேன கோட்டாபய ராஜபக்ஷ; born 20 June 1949) is a former Sri Lankan militar ...
, 8th president of Sri Lanka
* 1949 –
Lionel Richie
Lionel Brockman Richie Jr. (born June 20, 1949) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer, and television personality. He rose to fame in the 1970s as a songwriter and the co-lead singer of funk band the Commodores; writing and recordi ...
, American singer-songwriter, pianist, producer, and actor
*
1950
Events January
* January 1 – The International Police Association (IPA) – the largest police organization in the world – is formed.
* January 5 – 1950 Sverdlovsk plane crash, Sverdlovsk plane crash: ''Aeroflot'' Lisunov Li-2 cr ...
–
Nouri al-Maliki, Iraqi politician, 76th
Prime Minister of Iraq
The prime minister of Iraq is the head of government of Iraq. On 27 October 2022, Mohammed Shia' Al Sudani became the incumbent prime minister.
History
The prime minister was originally an appointed office, subsidiary to the head of state, a ...
*
1951
Events
January
* January 4 – Korean War: Third Battle of Seoul – Chinese and North Korean forces capture Seoul for the second time (having lost the Second Battle of Seoul in September 1950).
* January 9 – The Government of the United ...
–
Tress MacNeille, American actress and voice artist
* 1951 –
Sheila McLean
Sheila Ann Manson McLean (born 20 June 1951) is International Bar Association Professor of Law and Ethics in Medicine and director of the Institute of Law and Ethics in Medicine at the School of Law of the University of Glasgow. McLean is th ...
, Scottish scholar and academic
* 1951 –
Paul Muldoon, Irish poet and academic
*
1952
Events January–February
* January 26 – Black Saturday in Egypt: Rioters burn Cairo's central business district, targeting British and upper-class Egyptian businesses.
* February 6
** Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh, becomes m ...
–
John Goodman, American actor
* 1952 –
Vikram Seth, Indian author and poet
*
1953
Events
January
* January 6 – The Asian Socialist Conference opens in Rangoon, Burma.
* January 12 – Estonian émigrés found a Estonian government-in-exile, government-in-exile in Oslo.
* January 14
** Marshal Josip Broz Tito i ...
–
Robert Crais, American author and screenwriter
* 1953 –
Raúl Ramírez, Mexican tennis player
* 1953 –
Willy Rampf, German engineer
*
1954
Events
January
* January 1 – The Soviet Union ceases to demand war reparations from West Germany.
* January 3 – The Italian broadcaster RAI officially begins transmitting.
* January 7 – Georgetown-IBM experiment: The fir ...
–
Allan Lamb, South African-English cricketer and sportscaster
* 1954 –
Ilan Ramon, Israeli colonel, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2003)
*1955 – E. Lynn Harris, American author (d. 2009)
*
1956
Events
January
* January 1 – The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Anglo-Egyptian Condominium ends in Sudan.
* January 8 – Operation Auca: Five U.S. evangelical Christian Missionary, missionaries, Nate Saint, Roger Youderian, Ed McCully, Jim ...
– Peter Reid, English footballer and manager
* 1956 – Sohn Suk-hee, South Korean newscaster
*1958 – Kelly Johnson (guitarist), Kelly Johnson, English hard rock guitarist and songwriter (d. 2007)
*
1960
It is also known as the "Year of Africa" because of major events—particularly the independence of seventeen African nations—that focused global attention on the continent and intensified feelings of Pan-Africanism.
Events
January
* Ja ...
– Philip M. Parker, American economist and author
* 1960 – John Taylor (bass guitarist), John Taylor, English singer-songwriter, bass player, and actor
*
1963
Events January
* January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Cov ...
– Kirk Baptiste, American sprinter
* 1963 – Mark Ovenden, British author and broadcaster
*
1964
Events January
* January 1 – The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is dissolved.
* January 5 - In the first meeting between leaders of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches since the fifteenth century, Pope Paul VI and Patriarch ...
– Pierfrancesco Chili, Italian motorcycle racer
* 1964 – Silke Möller, German runner
*1966 – Boaz Yakin, American director, producer, and screenwriter
*1967 – Nicole Kidman, American-Australian actress
* 1967 – Dan Tyminski, American singer-songwriter
*1968 – Robert Rodriguez, American director, producer, and screenwriter
*1969 – Paulo Bento, Portuguese footballer and manager
* 1969 – Misha Verbitsky, Russian mathematician and academic
* 1969 – MaliVai Washington, American tennis player and sportscaster
*1970 – Andrea Nahles, German politician, List of German labour ministers, German Minister of Labour and Social Affairs
* 1970 – Athol Williams, South African poet and social philosopher
*1971 – Rodney Rogers, American basketball player and coach
* 1971 – Jeordie White, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and bass player
*
1972
Within the context of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) it was the longest year ever, as two leap seconds were added during this 366-day year, an event which has not since been repeated. (If its start and end are defined using Solar time, me ...
– Alexis Alexoudis, Greek footballer
*
1973
Events January
* January 1 - The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union.
* January 15 – Vietnam War: Citing progress in peace negotiations, U.S. ...
– Chino Moreno, American singer-songwriter
*
1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
– Joan Balcells, Spanish tennis player
* 1975 – Daniel Zítka, Czech footballer
*1976 – Juliano Belletti, Brazilian footballer
* 1976 – Carlos Lee, Panamanian baseball player
*1977 – Gordan Giriček, Croatian basketball player
* 1977 – Amos Lee, American singer-songwriter
*1978 – Frank Lampard, English footballer
* 1978 – Jan-Paul Saeijs, Dutch footballer
*
1979
Events
January
* January 1
** United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the ''International Year of the Child''. Many musicians donate to the ''Music for UNICEF Concert'' fund, among them ABBA, who write the song ...
– Charles Howell III, American golfer
*1980 – Franco Semioli, Italian footballer
* 1980 – Fabian Wegmann, German cyclist
*1981 – Brede Hangeland, Norwegian footballer
*
1982
Events January
* January 1 – In Malaysia and Singapore, clocks are adjusted to the same time zone, UTC+8 (GMT+8.00).
* January 13 – Air Florida Flight 90 crashes shortly after takeoff into the 14th Street bridges, 14th Street Bridge in ...
– Aleksei Berezutski, Russian footballer
* 1982 – Vasili Berezutski, Russian footballer
* 1982 – Example (musician), Example, English singer/rapper
*1983 – Josh Childress, American basketball player
* 1983 – Darren Sproles, American football player
*1984 – Hassan Adams, American basketball player
*1985 – Saki Aibu, Japanese actress
* 1985 – Aurélien Chedjou, Cameroonian footballer
* 1985 – Matt Flynn, American football player
*1986 – Dreama Walker, American actress
*1987 – A-fu, Taiwanese singer and songwriter
* 1987 – Carsten Ball, Australian tennis player
* 1987 – Asmir Begović, Bosnian footballer
* 1987 – Joseph Ebuya, Kenyan runner
*1989 – Christopher Mintz-Plasse, American actor
* 1989 – Javier Pastore, Argentinian footballer
* 1989 – Terrelle Pryor, American football player
*
1990
File:1990 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1990 FIFA World Cup is played in Italy; The Human Genome Project is launched; Voyager I takes the famous Pale Blue Dot image- speaking on the fragility of Humankind, humanity on Earth, Astroph ...
– DeQuan Jones, American basketball player
*
1991
File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the Phil ...
– Kalidou Koulibaly, Senegalese footballer
* 1991 – Rick ten Voorde, Dutch footballer
*
1994
File:1994 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1994 Winter Olympics are held in Lillehammer, Norway; The Kaiser Permanente building after the 1994 Northridge earthquake; A model of the MS Estonia, which Sinking of the MS Estonia, sank in ...
– Leonard Williams (American football), Leonard Williams, American football player
*1995 – Caroline Weir, Scottish footballer
*1995, 1995 – Carol Zhao, Canadian tennis player
*1996 – Sam Bennett (ice hockey), Sam Bennett, Canadian ice hockey player
*1997 – Bálint Kopasz, Hungarian sprint canoeist
*
2003
File:2003 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The crew of STS-107 perished when the Space Shuttle Columbia disintegrated during reentry into Earth's atmosphere; SARS became an epidemic in China, and was a precursor to SARS-CoV-2; A des ...
– Hans Niemann, American chess player
Deaths
Pre-1600
* 465 – Emperor Wencheng of Northern Wei (b. 440)
* 656 – Uthman ibn Affan, Rashidun Caliphate, Rashidun caliph (b. 577)
* 840 – Louis the Pious, Carolingian Empire, Carolingian emperor (b. 778)
* 930 – Hucbald, Frankish monk and Music theory, music theorist
* 981 – Adalbert of Magdeburg, Adalbert, archbishop of Archbishopric of Magdeburg, Magdeburg
*1176 – Mikhail of Vladimir, Russian prince
*1351 – Margareta Ebner, German nun and mystic (b. 1291)
*1597 – Willem Barentsz, Dutch cartographer and explorer (b. 1550)
1601–1900
*1605 – Feodor II of Russia (b. 1589)
*1668 – Heinrich Roth, German missionary and scholar (b. 1620)
*1776 – Benjamin Huntsman, English businessman (b. 1704)
*
1787
Events
January–March
* January 9 – The North Carolina General Assembly authorizes nine commissioners to purchase of land for the seat of Chatham County. The town is named Pittsborough (later shortened to Pittsboro), for ...
– Carl Friedrich Abel, German viol player and composer (b. 1723)
*1800 – Abraham Gotthelf Kästner, German mathematician and academic (b. 1719)
*1810 – Axel von Fersen the Younger, Swedish general and politician (b. 1755)
*1815 – Guillaume Philibert Duhesme, French general (b. 1766)
*1820 – Manuel Belgrano, Argentinian general, economist, and politician (b. 1770)
*
1837
Events
January–March
* January 1 – The destructive Galilee earthquake causes 6,000–7,000 casualties in Ottoman Syria.
* January 26 – Michigan becomes the 26th state admitted to the United States.
* February – Charles Dickens's ...
– William IV of the United Kingdom (b. 1765)
*
1840
Events
January–March
* January 3 – One of the predecessor papers of the ''Herald Sun'' of Melbourne, Australia, ''The Port Phillip Herald'', is founded.
* January 10 – Uniform Penny Post is introduced in the United Kingdom.
* Janua ...
– Pierre Claude François Daunou, French historian and politician (b. 1761)
*
1847
Events
January–March
* January 4 – Samuel Colt sells his first revolver pistol to the U.S. government.
* January 13 – The Treaty of Cahuenga ends fighting in the Mexican–American War in California.
* January 16 – John C. Frémont ...
– Juan Larrea (politician), Juan Larrea, Argentinian captain and politician (b. 1782)
*
1869
Events
January–March
* January 3 – Abdur Rahman Khan is defeated at Tinah Khan, and exiled from Afghanistan.
* January 5 – Scotland's oldest professional football team, Kilmarnock F.C., is founded.
* January 20 – E ...
– Hijikata Toshizō, Japanese commander (b. 1835)
*
1870
Events
January–March
* January 1
** The first edition of ''The Northern Echo'' newspaper is published in Priestgate, Darlington, England.
** Plans for the Brooklyn Bridge are completed.
* January 3 – Construction of the Broo ...
– Jules de Goncourt, French historian and author (b. 1830)
*
1872
Events
January–March
* January 12 – Yohannes IV is crowned Emperor of Ethiopia in Axum, the first ruler crowned in that city in over 500 years.
* February 2 – The government of the United Kingdom buys a number of forts on ...
– Élie Frédéric Forey, French general (b. 1804)
*
1875
Events
January–March
* January 1 – The Midland Railway of England abolishes the Second Class passenger category, leaving First Class and Third Class. Other British railway companies follow Midland's lead during the rest of the ...
– Joseph Meek, American police officer and politician (b. 1810)
*1876 – John Neal (writer), John Neal, American writer, critic, editor, lecturer, and activist (b. 1793)
*1888 – Johannes Zukertort, Polish-English chess player (b. 1842)
1901–present
*
1906
Events
January–February
* January 12 – Persian Constitutional Revolution: A nationalistic coalition of merchants, religious leaders and intellectuals in Persia forces the shah Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar to grant a constitution, ...
– John Clayton Adams, English painter (b. 1840)
*
1909
Events
January–February
* January 4 – Explorer Aeneas Mackintosh of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition escaped death by fleeing across ice floes.
* January 7 – Colombia recognizes the independence of Panama.
* Januar ...
– Friedrich Martens, Estonian-Russian historian, lawyer, and diplomat (b. 1845)
*
1925
Events January
* January 1
** The Syrian Federation is officially dissolved, the State of Aleppo and the State of Damascus having been replaced by the State of Syria.
* January 3 – Benito Mussolini makes a pivotal speech in the Italia ...
– Josef Breuer, Austrian physician and psychologist (b. 1842)
*
1929
This year marked the end of a period known in American history as the Roaring Twenties after the Wall Street Crash of 1929 ushered in a worldwide Great Depression. In the Americas, an agreement was brokered to end the Cristero War, a Catholic ...
– Emmanouil Benakis, Greek merchant and politician, 35th List of mayors of Athens, Mayor of Athens (b. 1843)
*
1945
1945 marked the end of World War II and the fall of Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. It is also the only year in which nuclear weapons have been used in combat.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
Januar ...
– Bruno Frank, German author, poet, and playwright (b. 1878)
*
1947
It was the first year of the Cold War, which would last until 1991, ending with the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Events
January
* January–February – Winter of 1946–47 in the United Kingdom: The worst snowfall in the country in ...
– Bugsy Siegel, American mobster (b. 1906)
*
1952
Events January–February
* January 26 – Black Saturday in Egypt: Rioters burn Cairo's central business district, targeting British and upper-class Egyptian businesses.
* February 6
** Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh, becomes m ...
– Luigi Fagioli, Italian race car driver (b. 1898)
*1958 – Kurt Alder, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize for Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1902)
*
1963
Events January
* January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Cov ...
– Raphaël Salem, Greek-French mathematician and academic (b. 1898)
*1965 – Bernard Baruch, American financier and politician (b. 1870)
*1966 – Georges Lemaître, Belgian priest, physicist, and astronomer (b. 1894)
*1969 – Bishnu Prasad Rabha, Indian artist, painter, actor, dancer, writer, music composer and politician (b. 1909)
*1974 – Horace Lindrum, Australian snooker player (b. 1912)
*
1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
– Suzanne Comhaire-Sylvain, Hatian anthropologist (b. 1898)
*1978 – Mark Robson (film director), Mark Robson, Canadian-American director and producer (b. 1913)
*1984 – Estelle Winwood, English actress (b. 1883)
*1995 – Emil Cioran, Romanian-French philosopher and educator (b. 1911)
*1997 – Cahit Külebi, Turkish poet and author (b. 1917)
*1999 – Clifton Fadiman, American game show host, author, and critic (b. 1902)
*2001 – Gina Cigna, French-Italian soprano (b. 1900)
*2002 – Erwin Chargaff, Austrian-American biochemist and academic (b. 1905)
* 2002 – Tinus Osendarp, Dutch runner (b. 1916)
*2004 – Jim Bacon (politician), Jim Bacon, Australian politician, 41st Premier of Tasmania (b. 1950)
*2005 – Larry Collins (writer), Larry Collins, American journalist, historian, and author (b. 1929)
* 2005 – Jack Kilby, American physicist and engineer, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1923)
*2010 – Roberto Rosato, Italian footballer (b. 1943)
* 2010 – Harry B. Whittington, English palaeontologist and academic (b. 1916)
*2011 – Ryan Dunn, American television personality (b. 1977)
*2012 – Judy Agnew, Second Lady of the United States. (b. 1921)
* 2012 – LeRoy Neiman, American painter (b. 1921)
* 2012 – Heinrich IV, Prince Reuss of Köstritz (b. 1919)
* 2012 – Andrew Sarris, American critic (b. 1928)
*2013 – Ingvar Rydell, Swedish footballer (b. 1922)
*2015 – Angelo Niculescu, Romanian footballer and manager (b. 1921)
* 2015 – Miriam Schapiro, Canadian-American painter and sculptor (b. 1923)
*2017 – Prodigy (rapper), Prodigy, American music artist (b. 1974)
*2022 – Caleb Swanigan, American NBA player. (b. 1997)
Holidays and observances
*Christian feast day:
**Adalbert of Magdeburg
**Saint Florentina, Florentina
**Giovanni di Matera, John of Matera
**Blessed Margareta Ebner
**Methodius of Olympus
**Pope Silverius
**June 20 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
*Flag Day (Argentina), Day of the National Flag (Argentina)
*Earliest possible date for the summer solstice in the Northern hemisphere and the winter solstice in the Southern hemisphere, and its related observance:
**Earliest day on which Day of the Finnish Flag can fall, while June 26 is the latest; celebrated on Saturday of Midsummer's Day (Finland)
**International Surfing Day (third Saturday in June, on or near Summer solstice)
**Midsummer, Litha / Midsummer celebrations in the northern hemisphere, Yule#Neopaganism, Yule in the southern hemisphere.
*Gas Sector Day (Azerbaijan)
*Martyrs' Day (Eritrea)
*West Virginia Day (
West Virginia)
*World Refugee Day (International observance, International)
References
External links
*
*
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:June 20
Days of the year
June