2023 Bud Light Boycott

A boycott on Bud Light, the top beer brand in the United States, began in April 2023. The boycott began in response to a social media promotion the company conducted with actress and TikTok personality Dylan Mulvaney, a transgender woman.

On April 1 2023, as part of a larger campaign to address Bud Light's decline in sales and attract younger audiences, Mulvaney promoted the company's Bud Light beer brand in a short video on her Instagram account during March Madness. The video triggered a backlash from American conservatives, including singer Kid Rock, who helped instigate a boycott against Bud Light and Anheuser-Busch more broadly. Proponents of the boycott described the sponsorship as "political" because it involved a transgender woman who had previously advocated for transgender rights. Several media outlets, including the ''Los Angeles Times'' and NBC News, described the backlash as anti-trans.

In the month following the advertisement, Bud Light's sales fell between 11 and 26%, while Anheuser-Busch's sales fell about 1%. In May 2023, AB InBev's stock price fell 20%, enough for it to be classified as a bear stock by Forbes. HSBC Securities downgraded its rating on the company from "Buy" to "Hold". CNBC estimated that in May AB InBev's sales fell 18%. In May 2023, Bud Light lost its status as the top-selling beer in the United States—a spot it had held for 20 years—to Modelo Especial.

Background

Amidst the ensuing controversy, critics blamed Bud Light's new vice president of marketing, Alissa Heinerscheid, as responsible for the brand's move. Heinerscheid, who became a vice president at the company in July 2022, stated that her goal was to evolve the Bud Light advertising to make it more inclusive, and to move it away from its " fratty and out-of-touch humor". In a March 23, 2023, interview for ''Make Yourself at Home'', a show hosted by Kristin Twiford, Heinerscheid stated:

...this brand is in decline. It has been in decline for a really long time. And if we do not attract young drinkers to come and drink this brand, there will be no future for Bud Light ... It's like, we need to evolve and elevate this incredibly iconic brand. And my ... what I brought to that was a belief in, okay, what does evolve and elevate mean? It means inclusivity. It means shifting the tone. It means having a campaign that's truly inclusive and feels lighter and brighter and different and appeals to women and to men.

Dylan Mulvaney

Dylan Mulvaney is an American social media personality, best known for her "Days of Girlhood" video series on TikTok. Mulvaney is a transgender woman, and she has documented her gender transition in the series starting in March 2022. Her videos soon became viral on TikTok, and she swiftly amassed a large following.

Mulvaney began to be subject to significant criticism and controversy amongst American conservatives in October 2022. In that month, she collaborated with genderfluid hairstylist David Lopez in a podcast for Ulta Beauty; the incident led to calls amongst conservatives for a boycott against the beauty store chain. Later that month, she interviewed US president Joe Biden for the left-wing NowThis News. The interview subsequently went viral amongst conservatives and Mulvaney began to face greater scrutiny from the American right. Mulvaney was criticized by several high-profile Republicans and right-wing personalities including Marsha Blackburn, Caitlyn Jenner, and Marjorie Taylor Greene.

Mulvaney sponsorship

On April 1, 2023, Mulvaney uploaded a video to her Instagram in which she was dressed as Audrey Hepburn's character in '' Breakfast at Tiffany's''. In the video, Mulvaney states: "So, I kept hearing about this thing called March Madness, and I thought we were all just having a hectic month! But it turns out it has something to do with sports. And I'm not sure exactly which sport, but either way it's a cause to celebrate." She then added that Bud Light was giving fans a chance to win US$15,000.

Boycott

The partnership faced a rebuff from the American right and anti-trans groups, who called for a boycott of Bud Light and its parent company Anheuser-Busch. Immediate scrutiny came as social media posts responded to the sponsored video. According to ''The Washington Post'', the advertisement led figures in right-wing media, such as Fox News, to refer to Mulvaney in "disparaging and often in transphobic terms nearly a dozen times over the next three days".
A boycott was carried out, with many consumers opting to not purchase Bud Light or any Anheuser-Busch products at bars or stores. Many conservative commentators, politicians, and celebrities participated in the boycott, as they opposed the endorsement by Mulvaney, a transgender person. On April 3, 2023, conservative country singer Kid Rock filmed himself shooting three cases of Bud Light with an MP5 submachine gun, while wearing a MAGA hat, exclaiming "Fuck Bud Light and fuck Anheuser-Busch." As of May 6, 2023, the video had been viewed more than 11 million times.

Another country artist, Travis Tritt, joined Kid Rock in calling for the boycott. He pulled all Anheuser-Busch products from his upcoming concert tour, stating that Anheuser-Busch was " great American company that later sold out to the Europeans and became unrecognizable to the American consumer. Such a shame." He was joined shortly after by conservative rock musician Ted Nugent, who called Anheuser-Busch's Dylan Mulvaney partnership "the epitome of cultural deprivation", and vowed to "never allow any Anheuser-Busch products anywhere near my world". He also applauded Kid Rock for calling the boycott. John Rich, a country music singer-songwriter, announced he would no longer be selling Anheuser-Busch products at his Nashville bar.

Videos on TikTok and Twitter circulated across the internet, depicting people who were smashing, throwing away, and driving over Bud Light bottles. Several threats were made to Anheuser-Busch factories during the boycott, including various bomb threats that forced certain factories to close.

After Anheuser-Busch attempted to distance itself from Mulvaney in response, members of the LGBT community started their own boycott of the company, led by several prominent gay bars in Chicago.

In April 2023, Florida Governor and Republican presidential candidate Ron DeSantis criticized Bud Light's association with Mulvaney as part of a trend of "woke companies" that were "trying to change our country", stating that "pushback is in order across the board".

Anheuser-Busch's former President of Sales, Anson Frericks, has repeatedly given interviews in ''Fox Business'' calling for President Brendan Whitworth to step down or be fired for the advertising campaign and failure to remediate the brand's public perception in its aftermath. In addition, Billy Busch, heir to the fortune of Anheuser-Busch co-founder Adolphus Busch, has blamed the company's drastic drop in sales on its leadership, namely Brendan Whitworth.

The Bud Light boycott is an example of cancel culture and consumer backlash with real world consequences. It is a cautionary tale for publicists, at least.

Response

Statements from Anheuser-Busch

Anheuser-Busch's immediate response to the boycott was the following statement: "From time to time, we produce unique commemorative cans for fans and for brand influencers, like Dylan Mulvaney. This commemorative can was a gift to celebrate a personal milestone and is not for sale to the general public." Citing safety concerns due to the backlash, Anheuser-Busch canceled all of their Budweiser Clydesdales events indefinitely. An AB InBev executive stated: "No one at a senior level was aware this was happening." It was also alleged that AB InBev would be pausing all influencer marketing deals until more robust vetting procedures could be implemented. Anheuser-Busch's CEO Brendan Whitworth issued the following statement:

We never intended to be part of a discussion that divides people. We are in the business of bringing people together over a beer. My time serving this country taught me the importance of accountability and the values upon which America was founded: freedom, hard work and respect for one another. As CEO of Anheuser-Busch, I am focused on building and protecting our remarkable history and heritage. I care deeply about this country, this company, our brands and our partners. I spend much of my time traveling across America, listening to and learning from our customers, distributors and others. Moving forward, I will continue to work tirelessly to bring great beers to consumers across our nation.

Whitworth's statement was met with criticism as it neither directly supported Mulvaney nor disavowed the advertisement.

On April 17, 2023, responding to the boycott, Anheuser-Busch rolled out a revised advertising campaign featuring Clydesdale horses against the backdrop of rural, small town American landscapes. On April 21, 2023, Anheuser-Busch issued a statement that Heinerscheid, who had taken a leave of absence since the controversy began, would be removed from her position as vice president and replaced with their Vice President of Global Marketing, Todd Allen, known for leading the push to allow alcohol to be sold at the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar. The company also hired two Washington, D.C.-based conservative political consultant groups to advise the brand moving forward. A second executive, Daniel Blake, who was Heinerscheid's supervisor, was also placed on leave in the aftermath of the controversy. An Anheuser-Busch spokesperson told ''The Wall Street Journal'': "Given the circumstances, Alissa has decided to take a leave of absence which we support. Daniel has also decided to take a leave of absence."

On June 28, 2023, Brendan Whitworth gave an interview to CBS, where he highlighted Bud Light's history of supporting the queer community since 1998 and stressed their commitment to continuing to support them. He also stated that Bud Light's parent company, Anheuser-Busch, was planning on tripling Bud Light's budget for the 2023 NFL season. Lastly, he lamented the financial damage done to Bud Light's distributors, wholesalers, and other employees.

On October 31, 2023, AB InBev CEO Michel Doukeris stated that the company will be shifting to universal themes, stating:

Consumers continue to want the Bud Light brand to concentrate on the platforms that all consumers love, and we are doing just that through investing in partnerships with the NFL, Fields of Honor, news platforms, college football, and our recently announced return to partnering with the UFC. Two, they want Bud Light to focus on beer.

However, Bud Light's new partnership with the UFC has garnered more negative attention to the company, specifically from pro-LGBT communities after UFC fighter Sean Strickland, who has expressed disdain for the transgender community, tweeted after the partnership was announced that he was going to "fix" Bud Light and "save the day."

Other responses

Shortly after the boycott began, radio personality Howard Stern questioned the backlash against Mulvaney on his Sirius XM radio show, saying he wished he could ask Kid Rock: "Why are you so upset about this? How is it hurtful?" Country musician Zach Bryan quoted Tritt's song "It's a Great Day to Be Alive" in his condemnation of the other artists' backlash, saying "I just think insulting transgender people is completely wrong because we live in a country where we can all just be who we want to be. It's a great day to be alive I thought." Garth Brooks shared that his bar would continue to serve Bud Light products, and that he believed in "inclusiveness" and "diversity". Singer-songwriter Jason Isbell directly responded to Kid Rock's tweets, sarcastically sharing past Coors Light advertising which supported LGBT causes.

Donald Trump Jr. called for an end to the boycott in April 2023, stating that he was not in favor of "destroying an American, iconic company" over "the stupidity of someone in a marketing campaign". He further cited their record of donating more to conservative politicians as a reason to end the boycott.

Former President Donald Trump defended Anheuser-Busch in 2024 and called for giving the company a "second chance", prior to a fundraiser with a company lobbyist.

Former NBA star and Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame member Charles Barkley has also spoken against the boycott.

Mulvaney

In June 2023, Mulvaney said that Bud Light did not support her following the backlash to the advertisement, adding that "For months now, I've been scared to leave my house ...I have been ridiculed in public. I've been followed, and I have felt a loneliness that I wouldn't wish on anyone." In a company statement, Bud Light did not directly respond to Mulvaney, but said that they remain "committed to the programs and partnerships we have forged over decades with organizations across a number of communities, including those in the LGBTQ+ community."

Impact

Effect on sales

In the week ending April 8, 2023, Bud Light had reportedly experienced an 11% drop in sales, and a 21% drop in the week ending April 15, 2023. As of May 1, 2023, Bud Light "off-premise sales" had dropped 26% since the start of the boycott. At a shareholder meeting on May 4, 2023, Anheuser-Busch InBev's CEO Michel Doukeris distanced the company from Mulvaney saying "this was one can, one influencer, one post and not a campaign." Doukeris also said that the drop in sales "would represent around 1 percent of our overall global volumes for that period". Doukeris said the company would increase support to wholesalers and triple Bud Light's advertising budget in an attempt to recover lost sales.

On May 10, HSBC downgraded its rating of AB InBev from "Buy" to "Hold" amidst the boycott. Additionally, the boycott had begun to affect the sales of Anheuser-Busch's other brands with an 11.4% sales hit to their flagship Budweiser brand, and a 4.4% drop of Grupo Modelo sales. This is on top of the roughly 21.4% drop in sales of Bud Light. Constellation Brands owns the exclusive licensing and distribution rights for Grupo Modelo brands in the United States.

In mid-May, Republican Senators Ted Cruz and Marsha Blackburn opened a Senate investigation into Anheuser-Busch's partnership with Mulvaney, citing as particular points of cause Mulvaney's use of the word "girlhood" in the title of her TikTok series, her references to herself as a girl, and concerns over whether the partnership was intended to market alcoholic beverages to children. In late August 2023, Anheuser-Busch would face criticism from Cruz for stonewalling the investigation while Armstrong Williams assessed that using a TikTok influencer showed a clear intent to market to underage children.

Responding to Anheuser-Busch's alleged failure to support Mulvaney during the boycott, the Human Rights Campaign Foundation rescinded the company's top rating for LGBTQ+ equality in May 2023.

By the end of May, the terms "Bud Lighted" and "Bud Lighting" began to circulate on the internet to describe a boycott whose "strategy is to crush so-called rainbow capitalism by branding companies as "woke" and calling for boycotts over everything from Adidas' gender-inclusive swimwear to a The North Face marketing campaign featuring drag queen and environmentalist Pattie Gonia."

Also at the end of that month, AB InBev stock shares fell by 20% from where it was before the boycott and had begun to be considered a bear stock by ''Forbes''. In total, $26 billion had been removed from their market valuation, as rival Molson Coors' stock valuation rose 19%. Meanwhile, HSBC cut AB InBev stock to a hold. HSBC analyst Carlos Laboy explained the decision's thought process "It is unclear how ABI will reverse eroding US volume and brand relevance, and fix distributors' trust, without leadership changes."

Sales volume for Bud Light fell 29.5% in the week ending May 20, 2023. Besides the growth in Molson Coors, sales of products owned by the Boston Beer Company also surged since the boycott began. Late May also saw AB InBev double down on their pro-LGBTQ+ outlook, donating $200,000 to the National LGBT Chamber of Commerce. The company also attempted to patch their sales figures by offering $15 rebates with the purchase of a 15-pack and slashing prices to $3.49 for a 24-pack.

MarketWatch reported that May was the single worst month in AB InBev's history, correlating to the single largest selloff of AB InBev stock due to a 17% overall drop in sales, with Bud Light dropping in sales by 28%, Budweiser by 16%, Busch by 12%, and Michelob Ultra by 10%. MarketWatch also noted that AB InBev's rival, Molson Coors, had seen their products sale dramatically increase. Noting a 16% increase in Coors Light, 15% increase in Miller Lite, and Yuengling, an independent brewery in collaboration with Molson Coors, had sales jump 32%. CNN called the boycott "a self induced injury that torpedoed sales".

On June 3, Brayden King, a professor of management and organizations, gave an interview to CNBC calling the Bud Light boycott an outlier in the right's attack on "woke capitalism" because it is the first one to actually harm the company's sales. King studied 133 political boycotts from 1990 to 2005 and none of them accounted for more than a 1% drop in sales for a company; the Bud Light boycott had resulted in an estimated 18% drop in all AB InBev sales. CNBC also predicted that the boycott would only strengthen as June Pride Month began, and to expect Molson Coors stock to continue to climb. Also on June 3, Bud Light premiered a series of ads during the first game of the 2023 Stanley Cup Finals