This list of

fossil A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved ...

fish Fish are aquatic, craniate, gill-bearing animals that lack limbs with digits. Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish as well as various extinct related groups. Approximately 95% ...

es described in 2019 is a list of new

taxa In biology, a taxon ( back-formation from '' taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular n ...

jawless vertebrates Agnatha (, Ancient Greek 'without jaws') is an infraphylum of jawless fish in the phylum Chordata, subphylum Vertebrata, consisting of both present (cyclostomes) and extinct (conodonts and ostracoderms) species. Among recent animals, cyclostomes ...

, placoderms,

acanthodians Acanthodii or acanthodians is an extinct class of gnathostomes (jawed fishes), typically considered a paraphyletic group. They are currently considered to represent a grade of various fish lineages leading up to the extant Chondrichthyes, which ...

, fossil

cartilaginous fishes Chondrichthyes (; ) is a class that contains the cartilaginous fishes that have skeletons primarily composed of cartilage. They can be contrasted with the Osteichthyes or ''bony fishes'', which have skeletons primarily composed of bone tissue. ...

bony fishes Osteichthyes (), popularly referred to as the bony fish, is a diverse superclass of fish that have skeletons primarily composed of bone tissue. They can be contrasted with the Chondrichthyes, which have skeletons primarily composed of cartila ...

, and other fishes of every kind that were described during the year 2019, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to

paleoichthyology The evolution of fish began about 530 million years ago during the Cambrian explosion. It was during this time that the early chordates developed the skull and the vertebral column, leading to the first craniates and vertebrates. The first fish ...

that occurred in 2019.

New taxa

Jawless vertebrates

Placoderms

Acanthodians

Cartilaginous fishes

Ray-finned fishes

Lobe-finned fishes

Other fishes

General research

* Revision of Early

Devonian The Devonian ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the Silurian, million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Carboniferous, Mya. It is named after Devon, England, w ...

psammosteids described by

Beverly Halstead Lambert Beverly Halstead (13 June 1933 – 30 April 1991), who also went by Lambert Beverly Halstead Tarlo or just Beverly Halstead, was a British paleontologist and professor of Geology & Zoology and popularizer of science. He was noted for his c ...

from the so-called "Placoderm Sandstone" (

Świętokrzyskie Mountains The Świętokrzyskie Mountains ( pl, Góry Świętokrzyskie, ), often anglicized to Holy Cross Mountains, are a mountain range in central Poland, near the city of Kielce. The Świętokrzyskie Mountains are some of the oldest mountains in Europ ...

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, , is a country in Central Europe. Poland is divided into Voivodeships of Poland, sixteen voivodeships and is the fifth most populous member state of the European Union (EU), with over 38 mill ...

) is published by Dec (2019). * A study on the locomotion of psammosteids, focusing on the influence of the shape of the psammosteid body form on hydrodynamic performance, is published by Dec (2019). * A study on the anatomy of dermal plates of ''

Astraspis ''Astraspis'' ('star shield') is an extinct genus of primitive jawless fish from the Ordovician of Central North America including the Harding Sandstone of Colorado and Bighorn Mountains of Wyoming. It is also known from Bolivia.Sacabambaspis j ...

'' is published by Lemierre & Germain (2019), who report possible evidence of presence of proliferative cartilage in this taxon. * A study on the anatomy of the circulatory system of the head of ''

Shuyu ''Shuyu'' is an extinct genus of early jawless vertebrate from the Early or Middle Silurian period (late Telychian to early Wenlock stages). It is the basalmost known eugaleaspidiform galeaspid and it lived in what is now northwestern Zhejia ...

'' is published by Gai, Zhu & Donoghue (2019). * Redescription of '' Sinogaleaspis shankouensis'', based on data from 11 new specimens from the

Silurian The Silurian ( ) is a geologic period and system spanning 24.6 million years from the end of the Ordovician Period, at million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Devonian Period, Mya. The Silurian is the shortest period of the Paleozoi ...

Xikeng Formation (

Jiangxi Jiangxi (; ; formerly romanized as Kiangsi or Chianghsi) is a landlocked province in the east of the People's Republic of China. Its major cities include Nanchang and Jiujiang. Spanning from the banks of the Yangtze river in the north into h ...

, China), is published online by Gai ''et al.'' (2019). * A study on the anatomy of the dermal skeleton of ''

Tremataspis ''Tremataspis'' is a genus of an extinct osteostracan agnathan from the Silurian period of what is now Estonia. ''Tremataspis'' was about in length, and had an armored shield covering its head. Compared with its relatives, the shield was unusu ...

mammillata'' is published by O'Shea, Keating & Donoghue (2019). * Redescription of '' Asterolepis orcadensis'' based on newly collected fossil material is published by Newman, den Blaauwen & Leather (2019). * A study on the

morphology Morphology, from the Greek and meaning "study of shape", may refer to: Disciplines *Morphology (archaeology), study of the shapes or forms of artifacts *Morphology (astronomy), study of the shape of astronomical objects such as nebulae, galaxies, ...

of the jaw elements of a buchanosteoid placoderm specimen

ANU , image=Detail, upper part, Kudurru of Ritti-Marduk, from Sippar, Iraq, 1125-1104 BCE. British Museum.jpg , caption=Symbols of various deities, including Anu (bottom right corner) on a kudurru of Ritti-Marduk, from Sippar, Iraq, 1125–1104 BCE , ...

V244 from the Early

limestones (~400 Ma) at Burrinjuck, near Canberra ( Australia) is published by Hu ''et al.'' (2019). * A specimen of ''

Dunkleosteus ''Dunkleosteus'' is an extinct genus of large armored, jawed fishes that existed during the Late Devonian period, about 382–358 million years ago. It consists of ten species, some of which are among the largest placoderms to have ever lived ...

terrelli'' preserving vertebrae fused into a structure known as the synarcual is described from the

Cleveland Shale Member of the

Ohio Shale The Ohio Shale is a geologic formation in Ohio. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian The Devonian ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the Silurian, million ...

Formation (

Ohio Ohio () is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. Of the List of states and territories of the United States, fifty U.S. states, it is the List of U.S. states and territories by area, 34th-l ...

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 U.S. state, states, a Washington, D.C., federal district, five ma ...

) by Johanson ''et al.'' (2019). * A redescription and a study on the phylogenetic relationships of a putative

antiarch Antiarchi ("opposite anus") is an order of heavily armored placoderms. The antiarchs form the second-most successful group of placoderms after the arthrodires in terms of numbers of species and range of environments. The order's name was coi ...

Silurolepis ''Silurolepis platydorsalis'' is an extinct species of Silurian-aged "maxillate" placoderm that has been described from (mostly) articulated remains. Although it has been known for several years, it was finally described by Zhang, et al., in 2 ...

platydorsalis'' is published by Zhu, Lu & Zhu (2019), who reinterpret this species as a maxillate placoderm close to ''

Qilinyu ''Qilinyu rostrata'' is a "maxillate" placoderm from the late Ludlow epoch of Qujing, Yunnan Yunnan , () is a landlocked province in the southwest of the People's Republic of China. The province spans approximately and has a populatio ...

''. * New body fossils of ''

Cheiracanthus ''Cheiracanthus'' (from el, χείρ , 'hand' and el, ἄκανθα , 'spine') is an extinct genus of a group of fish called Acanthodii (or "spiny sharks"). It was a deep-bodied acanthodian about 12 in. (30 cm) in length. It had a blunt ...

intricatus'', including the first known articulated specimen of this species, are described from the

Givetian The Givetian is one of two faunal stages in the Middle Devonian Period. It lasted from million years ago to million years ago. It was preceded by the Eifelian Stage and followed by the Frasnian Stage. It is named after the town of Givet in ...

Tordalen Formation (

Spitsbergen Spitsbergen (; formerly known as West Spitsbergen; Norwegian: ''Vest Spitsbergen'' or ''Vestspitsbergen'' , also sometimes spelled Spitzbergen) is the largest and the only permanently populated island of the Svalbard archipelago in northern N ...

Norway Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and t ...

) by Newman, Burrow & den Blaauwen (2019). * A study on the anatomy of the skeletal elements of the

pharynx The pharynx (plural: pharynges) is the part of the throat behind the mouth and nasal cavity, and above the oesophagus and trachea (the tubes going down to the stomach and the lungs). It is found in vertebrates and invertebrates, though its ...

of '' Ptomacanthus anglicus'', and on its implications for the knowledge of the evolution of the pharynx of jawed vertebrates, is published by Dearden, Stockey & Brazeau (2019). * Description of fossils of Carboniferous (

Mississippian Mississippian may refer to: * Mississippian (geology), a subperiod of the Carboniferous period in the geologic timescale, roughly 360 to 325 million years ago *Mississippian culture, a culture of Native American mound-builders from 900 to 1500 AD ...

) cartilaginous fishes from the area of Krzeszowice (

) is published by Ginter & Złotnik (2019). * A study on microwear on teeth of ''

Edestus ''Edestus'' is an extinct genus of edestoid cartilaginous fish known from the Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) of the United Kingdom, Russia, and the United States. Most remains consist of isolated curved blades or "whorls" that are studded wi ...

minor'', and on its implications for the knowledge of function of teeth of this fish, is published by Itano (2019). * A revision of species belonging to the genus ''Edestus'' is published by Tapanila & Pruitt (2019). * Discovery of a cast of the

holotype A holotype is a single physical example (or illustration) of an organism, known to have been used when the species (or lower-ranked taxon) was formally described. It is either the single such physical example (or illustration) or one of seve ...

of ''

Petalodus ''Petalodus'' is an extinct genus of cartilaginous fish from the Pennsylvanian to the Permian,Fossils (Smithsonian Handbooks) by David Ward (Page 198) known from subtriangular to rhomboidal teeth. The genus was named by Richard Owen in 1840 and t ...

ohioensis'' in the collections of the Yale

Peabody Museum of Natural History The Peabody Museum of Natural History at Yale University is among the oldest, largest, and most prolific university natural history museums in the world. It was founded by the philanthropist George Peabody in 1866 at the behest of his nephew O ...

is reported by

Carpenter Carpentry is a skilled trade and a craft in which the primary work performed is the cutting, shaping and installation of building materials during the construction of buildings, ships, timber bridges, concrete formwork, etc. Carpenters tra ...

& Itano (2019), who consider the species ''Petalodus alleghaniensis'' to be a junior synonym of ''P. ohioensis''. * Restudy of a putative bill of an

ibis The ibises () (collective plural ibis; classical plurals ibides and ibes) are a group of long-legged wading birds in the family Threskiornithidae, that inhabit wetlands, forests and plains. "Ibis" derives from the Latin and Ancient Greek word f ...

-like bird from the

Eocene The Eocene ( ) Epoch is a geological epoch that lasted from about 56 to 33.9 million years ago (mya). It is the second epoch of the Paleogene Period in the modern Cenozoic Era. The name ''Eocene'' comes from the Ancient Greek (''ēṓs'', " ...

La Meseta Formation The La Meseta Formation is a sedimentary sequence deposited during the Eocene. The formation is found on Seymour Island, Antarctica. Description La Meseta Formation lies unconformably on the Cretaceous Lopez de Bertodano Formation. It is an app ...

(

Antarctica Antarctica () is Earth's southernmost and least-populated continent. Situated almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle and surrounded by the Southern Ocean, it contains the geographic South Pole. Antarctica is the fifth-largest co ...

) described by Jadwiszczak, Gaździcki & Tatur (2008) is published by Agnolin, Bogan & Rozadilla (2019), who consider this specimen to be more likely to be a dorsal spine of a

chimaeroid Chimaeras are cartilaginous fish in the order Chimaeriformes , known informally as ghost sharks, rat fish, spookfish, or rabbit fish; the last three names are not to be confused with rattails, Opisthoproctidae, or Siganidae, respectively. At o ...

cartilaginous fish Chondrichthyes (; ) is a class that contains the cartilaginous fishes that have skeletons primarily composed of cartilage. They can be contrasted with the Osteichthyes or ''bony fishes'', which have skeletons primarily composed of bone tissue. ...

. * A study on the anatomy of the skull of ''

Tristychius ''Tristychius'' (from el, τρεις , 'three' and el, στῐ́χος 'row') is an extinct genus of shark from the Carboniferous period ( Visean). Fossils of ''T. arcuatus'', the type and only species, including fin spines have been found in ...

arcuatus'', providing evidence of adaptations for suction feeding, is published by Coates ''et al.'' (2019). * Description of the first skeletal remains of ''

Phoebodus ''Phoebodus'' is an extinct genus of phoebodontiform elasmobranch, known from over a dozen species found worldwide spanning the middle to late Devonian. Most species are only known from their isolated tricuspid teeth, but one species, ''Phoebodus ...

'' from the

Famennian The Famennian is the latter of two faunal stages in the Late Devonian Epoch. The most recent estimate for its duration estimates that it lasted from around 371.1 million years ago to 359.3 million years ago. An earlier 2012 estimate, still used ...

of the Maïder region of

Morocco Morocco (),, ) officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is the westernmost country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It overlooks the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria ...

, providing new information on the anatomy of this species, and a study on the phylogenetic affinities of ''Phoebodus'' is published by Frey ''et al.'' (2019). * Teeth of a hybodont shark belonging to the genus ''

Asteracanthus ''Asteracanthus'' (from el, ἀστήρ , 'star' and el, ἄκανθα , 'spine') is an extinct genus of hybodontiform, known from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) to the Early Cretaceous (Valanginian). Description Astercanthus was among the ...

'', with anatomy indicative of a crushing feeding behaviour, are described from the Upper Jurassic deposits of the Monte Nerone Pelagic Carbonate Platform, in the Umbria‐Marche‐Sabina Palaeogeographic Domain (

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...

) by Citton ''et al.'' (2019). * An association of 58 teeth of ''

Ptychodus ''Ptychodus'' (from el, πτυχή 'fold' and el, ὀδούς 'tooth') is a genus of extinct durophagous (shell-crushing) sharks from the Late Cretaceous. Fossils of ''Ptychodus'' teeth are found in many Late Cretaceous marine sediments. Diet ...

anonymus'', representing the first occurrence of an associated dentition of this species, is described from the Cenomanian Jetmore Member of the

Greenhorn Formation The Greenhorn Limestone or Greenhorn Formation is a geologic formation in the Great Plains Region of the United States, dating to the Cenomanian and Turonian ages of the Late Cretaceous period. The formation gives its name to the Greenhorn cycle ...

(

Kansas Kansas () is a state in the Midwestern United States. Its capital is Topeka, and its largest city is Wichita. Kansas is a landlocked state bordered by Nebraska to the north; Missouri to the east; Oklahoma to the south; and Colorado to ...

) by Hamm (2019). * Description of new associated skeletal remains of ''

Ischyrhiza ''Ischyrhiza'' is an extinct genus of sclerorhynchoid ray from the Late Cretaceous and Early Paleogene. It had a large, toothed rostrum closely resembling that of a modern-day sawfish. Despite formerly being classified within a family of ...

mira'' from the

Upper Cretaceous The Late Cretaceous (100.5–66 Ma) is the younger of two epochs into which the Cretaceous Period is divided in the geologic time scale. Rock strata from this epoch form the Upper Cretaceous Series. The Cretaceous is named after ''creta'', ...

Tennessee Tennessee ( , ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked state in the Southeastern region of the United States. Tennessee is the 36th-largest by area and the 15th-most populous of the 50 states. It is bordered by Kentucky to ...

and

Alabama (We dare defend our rights) , anthem = " Alabama" , image_map = Alabama in United States.svg , seat = Montgomery , LargestCity = Huntsville , LargestCounty = Baldwin County , LargestMetro = Greater Birmingham , area_total_km2 = 135,7 ...

and a study on the paleobiology of this species is published by Sternes & Shimada (2019). * A study on the anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of '' Promyliobatis gazolai'' is published by Marramà ''et al.'' (2019). * Fossils of members of the genus ''

Aetomylaeus ''Aetomylaeus'' is a genus of eagle rays in the family Myliobatidae. Species There are currently 8 recognized species in this genus: The recognized extinct species: *† ''Aetomylaeus cojimarensis'' ITURRALDE-VINENT, MORA, ROJAS & GUTIERRE ...

'' are described from localities in

Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = Seal (emblem), National seal , national_motto = "Fi ...

and

Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the eas ...

by Villafaña ''et al.'' (2019), representing the first unambiguous fossil record of this genus from the

Neogene The Neogene ( ), informally Upper Tertiary or Late Tertiary, is a geologic period and system that spans 20.45 million years from the end of the Paleogene Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the present Quaternary Period Mya. ...

of the southeastern Pacific. * A specimen of the

whiptail stingray The whiptail stingrays are a family, the Dasyatidae, of rays in the order Myliobatiformes. They are found worldwide in tropical to temperate marine waters, and a number of species have also penetrated into fresh water in Africa, Asia, and Austra ...

species '' Tethytrygon muricatus'' preserving the

uterus The uterus (from Latin ''uterus'', plural ''uteri'') or womb () is the organ in the reproductive system of most female mammals, including humans that accommodates the embryonic and fetal development of one or more embryos until birth. The ...

bearing four eggs is described from the

of the

Monte Bolca Monte Bolca is a lagerstätte near Verona, Italy that was one of the first fossil sites with high quality preservation known to Europeans, and is still an important source of fossils from the Eocene. Geology Monte Bolca was uplifted from the T ...

locality (

) by Fanti, Mazzuferi & Marramà (2019). * Description of

Langhian The Langhian is, in the ICS geologic timescale, an age or stage in the middle Miocene Epoch/ Series. It spans the time between 15.97 ± 0.05 Ma and 13.65 ± 0.05 Ma (million years ago) during the Middle Miocene.GeoWhen (2007) The Langhian was ...

ray fossils from the Lower

Tagus Basin The Tagus Basin is the drainage basin of the Tagus River, which flows through the west of the Iberian Peninsula and empties into Lisbon. It covers an area of 78,467 km2, which is distributed 66% (55,645 km2) on Spanish territory and 34% on Port ...

(

Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, In recognized minority languages of Portugal: :* mwl, República Pertuesa is a country located on the Iberian Peninsula, in Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Macaronesian ...

) is published by Fialho, Balbino & Antues (2019). * A study on the taxonomic status and geological age of large shark remains from the

of the Castellavazzo locality (

) discovered in the

19th century The 19th (nineteenth) century began on 1 January 1801 ( MDCCCI), and ended on 31 December 1900 ( MCM). The 19th century was the ninth century of the 2nd millennium. The 19th century was characterized by vast social upheaval. Slavery was abolis ...

is published by Conte ''et al.'' (2019). * 15 partial skeletons of

lamniform The Lamniformes (, from Greek ''lamna'' "fish of prey") are an order of sharks commonly known as mackerel sharks (which may also refer specifically to the family Lamnidae). It includes some of the most familiar species of sharks, such as the grea ...

sharks, including the largest specimen of ''

Cretoxyrhina ''Cretoxyrhina'' (; meaning 'Cretaceous sharp-nose') is an extinct genus of large mackerel shark that lived about 107 to 73 million years ago during the late Albian to late Campanian of the Late Cretaceous. The type species, ''C. mantelli'', is m ...

mantelli'' known to date, are described from the Upper Cretaceous Scaglia Rossa Formation (Italy) by Amalfitano ''et al.'' (2019), who also review the taxonomic history of ''C. mantelli''. * A study on teeth

histology Histology, also known as microscopic anatomy or microanatomy, is the branch of biology which studies the microscopic anatomy of biological tissues. Histology is the microscopic counterpart to gross anatomy, which looks at larger structures vi ...

and mineralization pattern in lamniform sharks, based on data from extant and fossil taxa (including enigmatic galeomorph shark ''

Palaeocarcharias ''Palaeocarcharias'' is an extinct genus of shark, known from the Middle-Late Jurassic of Europe. It has only a single named species, ''P. stromeri,'' which is known from exceptionally preserved specimens from the Late Jurassic (Tithonian In th ...

stromeri''), is published by Jambura ''et al.'' (2019). * A study on changes of diversity of lamniform sharks throughout their evolutionary history, aiming to determine the causes of their decline in the last 20 million years, is published by Condamine, Romieu & Guinot (2019). * A study on changes in the presence or absence of lateral cusplets on teeth of members of the genus ''

Carcharocles ''Otodus'' is an extinct genus of mackerel shark which lived from the Paleocene to the Pliocene epoch. The name ''Otodus'' comes from Ancient Greek (, meaning "ear") and (, meaning "tooth") – thus, "ear-shaped tooth". Anatomy This shark is ...

'' from the Calvert, Choptank, and St. Marys formations, and on their implications for the transition of shark populations from these formations from a ''

Carcharocles chubutensis ''Otodus chubutensis'', meaning "ear-shaped tooth of Chubut", from Ancient Greek ὠτ (ōt, meaning "ear") and ὀδούς (odoús, meaning "tooth") – thus, "ear-shaped tooth", is an extinct species of prehistoric megatoothed sharks in the g ...

''-dominated population to one dominated by '' C. megalodon'', is published by Perez ''et al.'' (2019). * A revision and a reevaluation of the reliability of all post-

Messinian The Messinian is in the geologic timescale the last age or uppermost stage of the Miocene. It spans the time between 7.246 ± 0.005 Ma and 5.333 ± 0.005 Ma (million years ago). It follows the Tortonian and is followed by the Zanclean, the fir ...

occurrences of ''

Otodus megalodon Megalodon (''Otodus megalodon''), meaning "big tooth", is an extinct species of mackerel shark that lived approximately 23 to 3.6 million years ago (Mya), from the Early Miocene to the Pliocene epochs. It was formerly thought to be a membe ...

'' in marine strata from western North America, and a study on the timing of extinction of this species, is published by Boessenecker ''et al.'' (2019). * A study on the body size of ''Otodus megalodon'', as inferred from the relationship between the ontogenetic development of teeth and total body length in the

great white shark The great white shark (''Carcharodon carcharias''), also known as the white shark, white pointer, or simply great white, is a species of large Lamniformes, mackerel shark which can be found in the coastal surface waters of all the major ocean ...

, is published by Shimada (2019). * Partial forelimb of a

rorqual Rorquals () are the largest group of baleen whales, which comprise the family Balaenopteridae, containing ten extant species in three genera. They include the largest animal that has ever lived, the blue whale, which can reach , and the fin ...

with several shark bite marks is described from the

Pliocene The Pliocene ( ; also Pleiocene) is the epoch in the geologic time scale that extends from 5.333 million to 2.58Burica Formation (

Panama Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República de Panamá), is a transcontinental country spanning the southern part of North America and the northern part of South America. It is bordered by Co ...

) by Cortés ''et al.'' (2019). * A study on the anatomy of the

specimen of a putative

Paleocene The Paleocene, ( ) or Palaeocene, is a geological epoch that lasted from about 66 to 56 million years ago (mya). It is the first epoch of the Paleogene Period in the modern Cenozoic Era. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek ''pal ...

shark ''Platyacrodus unicus'' is published by Bogan, Agnolin & Ezcurra (2019), who reinterpret this specimen as a

carapace A carapace is a dorsal (upper) section of the exoskeleton or shell in a number of animal groups, including arthropods, such as crustaceans and arachnids, as well as vertebrates, such as turtles and tortoises. In turtles and tortoises, the und ...

of a small retroplumid crab belonging to the genus '' Costacopluma''. * An assemblage of well-preserved isolated teeth of

elasmobranchs Elasmobranchii () is a subclass of Chondrichthyes or cartilaginous fish, including sharks (superorder Selachii), rays, skates, and sawfish (superorder Batoidea). Members of this subclass are characterised by having five to seven pairs of gil ...

is described from the late

Oligocene The Oligocene ( ) is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 33.9 million to 23 million years before the present ( to ). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the epoch are well identified but ...

of the North Alpine Foreland Basin (

Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...

) by Feichtinger ''et al.'' (2019). * Description of the deep-sea elasmobranch fauna from the

Miocene The Miocene ( ) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recent" ...

Yatsuo Group in central Japan, including the first fossil occurrences of the genera ''

Arhynchobatis The longtail skate (''Arhynchobatis asperrimus'') is a skate and is the only member of the genus ''Arhynchobatis''. This species was first described by Edgar Ravenswood Waite in 1909. It is found off New Zealand at depths of from 90 to 1,000 m o ...

'' and ''

Pseudoraja The fanfin skate (''Pseudoraja fischeri'') is a species of skate in the family Arhynchobatidae. It is the only species in the monotypic genus ''Pseudoraja''. This pelagic skate occurs in the Atlantic Ocean from Florida and through the Gulf of Me ...

'', will be published by Nishimatsu & Ujihara (2019). * Description of the deep-sea elasmobranch fossils from the Miocene Makino Formation in southwest Japan, including the first fossil occurrences of the genera ''

Springeria The leaf-nose leg skate (''Springeria folirostris'') is a species of ray in the family Anacanthobatidae, native to depths of in the Gulf of Mexico. It was originally described in the genus '' Springeria'', but this was later considered a subgenus ...

'' and '' Narke'', is published by Nishimatsu (2019). * A study on

cartilaginous fish fossils from the Lower Clayton Limestone Unit of the Midway Group near Malvern,

Arkansas Arkansas ( ) is a landlocked state in the South Central United States. It is bordered by Missouri to the north, Tennessee and Mississippi to the east, Louisiana to the south, and Texas and Oklahoma to the west. Its name is from the ...

, evaluating the implications of these fossils for the knowledge of cartilaginous fish diversity across the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary in the Malvern region and

Gulf Coastal Plain The Gulf Coastal Plain extends around the Gulf of Mexico in the Southern United States and eastern Mexico. This coastal plain reaches from the Florida Panhandle, southwest Georgia, the southern two-thirds of Alabama, over most of Mississippi, we ...

of southwestern Arkansas, is published online by Maisch, Becker & Griffiths (2019). * A study on the morphology of

scales Scale or scales may refer to: Mathematics * Scale (descriptive set theory), an object defined on a set of points * Scale (ratio), the ratio of a linear dimension of a model to the corresponding dimension of the original * Scale factor, a number ...

and squamation pattern in ''

Guiyu oneiros ''Guiyu oneiros'' is the earliest articulated bony fish discovered. The generic name ''Guiyu'' is a transliteration of the Mandarin 鬼魚 ''guǐyú'' "ghost fish" and the specific name ''oneiros'' is from Greek ὄνειρος "dream". Fossils ...

'' is published by Cui, Qiao & Zhu (2019). * A study on the anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of ''

Brazilichthys ''Brazilichthys'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric freshwater ray-finned fish that lived during the Cisuralian (early Permian) epoch (geology), epoch in what is now Maranhão, Brazil (Parnaíba Basin). The type species, type and only species, ' ...

macrognathus'' is published by Figueroa, Friedman & Gallo (2019). *

Permian The Permian ( ) is a geologic period and stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.9 Mya. It is the last period of the Pale ...

species ''

Palaeothrissum ''Palaeothrissum'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizatio ...

inaequilobum'' Blainville (1818) and ''P. parvum'' Blainville (1818) are found to be senior synonyms of the widely used species name ''

Aeduella ''Aeduella'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizations * ...

blainvillei'' (Agassiz, 1833) by Brignon (2019). Conditions exist for reversal of precedence and ''

blainvillei'' is declared ''nomen protectum''. * A study on the anatomy of the jaws,

palate The palate () is the roof of the mouth in humans and other mammals. It separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity. A similar structure is found in crocodilians, but in most other tetrapods, the oral and nasal cavities are not truly s ...

and teeth of '' Eurynotus crenatus'' is published by Friedman ''et al.'' (2019). * New specimen of ''

Birgeria ''Birgeria'' is a genus of carnivorous marine ray-finned fish from the Triassic period. ''Birgeria'' had a global distribution. Fossils were found in Madagascar, Spitsbergen, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Slovenia, China, Russia, Canada and Ne ...

liui'', representing the most complete and articulated postcranial skeleton of an adult specimen of ''Birgeria'' reported so far, is described from the

Ladinian The Ladinian is a stage and age in the Middle Triassic series or epoch. It spans the time between Ma and ~237 Ma (million years ago). The Ladinian was preceded by the Anisian and succeeded by the Carnian (part of the Upper or Late Triassic) ...

of South China by Ni ''et al.'' (2019). * Fossil remains of a

spiral valve A spiral valve or scroll valve is the corkscrew-shaped lower portion of the intestine of some sharks, Acipenseriformes ( sturgeon and paddlefish), rays, skates, bichirs, Lepisosteiformes (gars), and lungfishes. A modification of the ileum, the ...

are reported in a specimen of ''

Peipiaosteus ''Peipiaosteus'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric Chondrostei, chondrostean Actinopterygii, ray-finned fish. Its fossils are found in the Early Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation, Pani Lake, Liaoning Province, China.Liu, H. T. and Zhou, J . J. ...

pani'' from the Lower Cretaceous

Yixian Formation The Yixian Formation (; formerly transcribed as Yihsien Formation) is a geological formation in Jinzhou, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, that spans the late Barremian and early Aptian stages of the Early Cretaceous. It is known for its ...

( China) by Capasso (2019). * Teeth of members of the genus ''

Pycnodus ''Pycnodus'' (from el, πυκνός , 'dense' and el, ὀδούς 'tooth') is an extinct genus of ray-finned fish ranging from the Jurassic to Eocene periods. As its name suggests, it is the type genus of Pycnodontiformes. The known whole ...

'' are described from the Upper Cretaceous Cap de Naze marine formation (

Senegal Senegal,; Wolof: ''Senegaal''; Pulaar: 𞤅𞤫𞤲𞤫𞤺𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭 (Senegaali); Arabic: السنغال ''As-Sinighal'') officially the Republic of Senegal,; Wolof: ''Réewum Senegaal''; Pulaar : 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣� ...

) by Capasso (2019). * Description of a partial skeleton of ''

Micropycnodon ''Micropycnodon'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish that lived during the Santonian. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: ...

kansasensis'' from the Smoky Hill Chalk Member of the

Niobrara Chalk The Niobrara Formation , also called the Niobrara Chalk, is a geologic formation in North America that was deposited between 87 and 82 million years ago during the Coniacian, Santonian, and Campanian stages of the Late Cretaceous. It is compose ...

(Kansas, United States), providing new information on the anatomy of this species, is published by Cronin & Shimada (2019). * A study on the paleobiology of specimens of ''

Nursallia ''Nursallia'' is an extinct genus of pycnodontid ray-finned fishes, ranging from the Late Cretaceous period until its extinction during the Eocene. References * Studies on Mexican Paleontology (Topics in Geobiology) by Francisco J. Vega, Tor ...

gutturosum'' from the Cenomanian-

Turonian The Turonian is, in the ICS' geologic timescale, the second age in the Late Cretaceous Epoch, or a stage in the Upper Cretaceous Series. It spans the time between 93.9 ± 0.8 Ma and 89.8 ± 1 Ma (million years ago). The Turonian is preceded ...

platy limestone deposit of Vallecillo (north-eastern

Mexico Mexico ( Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guate ...

) is published by Stinnesbeck, Rust & Herder (2019). * A study on the anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of '' Robustichthys luopingensis'' is published by Xu (2019). * Fossil teeth representing the first evidence of Late Jurassic

ginglymodi Ginglymodi is a clade of ray-finned fish containing modern-day gars (Lepisosteidae) and their extinct relatives, including the family Lepidotidae and the orders Semionotiformes and Kyphosichthyiformes, and various other extinct taxa. Gingly ...

ans from Mt. Nerone in the Umbria-Marche-Sabina Domain (Italy) are described by Romano ''et al.'' (2019). * A study on the anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of ''"

Lepidotes ''Lepidotes'' (from el, λεπιδωτός , 'covered with scales') (previously known as ''Lepidotus'') is an extinct genus of Mesozoic ray-finned fish. It has been considered a wastebasket taxon, characterised by "general features, such as thic ...

" bernissartensis'' is published online by Cavin, Deesri & Olive (2019), who transfer this species to the genus ''

Scheenstia ''Scheenstia'' is an extinct genus of neopterygian ray-finned fish from the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous of Europe. Fossils have been found in both marine and freshwater environments. Most species of the genus were previously referred to the r ...

''. * A study on the internal anatomy of a left jaw of a member of the genus ''Scheenstia'' from the

Kimmeridgian In the geologic timescale, the Kimmeridgian is an age in the Late Jurassic Epoch and a stage in the Upper Jurassic Series. It spans the time between 157.3 ± 1.0 Ma and 152.1 ± 0.9 Ma (million years ago). The Kimmeridgian follows the Oxford ...

Reuchenette Formation The Reuchenette Formation is a Jurassic geologic formation in Switzerland. It is Kimmeridgian in age and predominantly consists of well stratified limestone, with lithology variable both laterally and stratigraphically including wackestones, pa ...

( Switzerland) is published online by Leuzinger ''et al.'' (2019), who describe a peculiar tooth replacement mode in this specimen. * A study on the stomach contents of two specimens of ''Lepidotes'' from the

Lower Jurassic The Early Jurassic Epoch (in chronostratigraphy corresponding to the Lower Jurassic Series) is the earliest of three epochs of the Jurassic Period. The Early Jurassic starts immediately after the Triassic-Jurassic extinction event, 201.3 Ma&nbs ...

Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG),, is a country in Central Europe. It is the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany lies between the Baltic and North Sea to the north and the Alps to the sou ...

is published online by Thies, Stevens & Stumpf (2019). * Six new occurrences of ''

Belonostomus ''Belonostomus'' (from el, βέλος , 'dart' and el, στόμα 'mouth') is a genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish that was described by Louis Agassiz in 1844. It is a member of the order Aspidorhynchiformes, a group of fish known for their ...

'', documenting the biogeographic and biostratigraphic range of this genus in North America, are reported from the Upper Cretaceous of

Texas Texas (, ; Spanish language, Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2 ...

and

Mississippi Mississippi () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States, bordered to the north by Tennessee; to the east by Alabama; to the south by the Gulf of Mexico; to the southwest by Louisiana; and to the northwest by Arkansas. Mis ...

by Van Vranken, Fielitz & Ebersole (2019). * A study on the diversity of

pectoral fin Fins are distinctive anatomical features composed of bony spines or rays protruding from the body of a fish. They are covered with skin and joined together either in a webbed fashion, as seen in most bony fish, or similar to a flipper, as ...

shape amongst members of

Pachycormiformes Pachycormiformes is an extinct order of marine ray-finned fish known from the Early Jurassic to the end of the Cretaceous. It only includes a single family, Pachycormidae. They were characterized by having serrated pectoral fins (though more rece ...

is published by Liston ''et al.'' (2019). * A study on the anatomy of the skull of ''

Martillichthys ''Martillichthys'' is an extinct genus of pachycormiform fish, known from the late Middle Jurassic ( Callovian) Oxford Clay, England. It is a member of the suspension feeding clade within the Pachycormiformes, most closely related to ''Asthenoc ...

renwickae'' is published online by Dobson ''et al.'' (2019). * Fossil remains of a member or a relative of the genus ''

Asthenocormus ''Asthenocormus'' is an extinct genus of pachycormiform ray-finned fish. A member of the edentulous suspension feeding clade within the Pachycormiformes, fossils have been found in the Upper Jurassic plattenkalks of Bavaria, Germany.' See ...

'' are described from the Upper Jurassic of the Ameghino (= Nordenskjöld) Formation of the

Antarctic Peninsula The Antarctic Peninsula, known as O'Higgins Land in Chile and Tierra de San Martín in Argentina, and originally as Graham Land in the United Kingdom and the Palmer Peninsula in the United States, is the northernmost part of mainland Antarctic ...

by Gouiric-Cavalli ''et al.'' (2019), representing the first record of a suspension-feeding

pachycormid Pachycormiformes is an extinct order of marine ray-finned fish known from the Early Jurassic to the end of the Cretaceous. It only includes a single family, Pachycormidae. They were characterized by having serrated pectoral fins (though more rece ...

from the Upper Jurassic of the Antarctic Peninsula and the oldest pachycormid yet recovered from Antarctica. * New, three-dimensionally preserved specimens of '' Pachycormus'' are described from the

Toarcian The Toarcian is, in the ICS' geologic timescale, an age and stage in the Early or Lower Jurassic. It spans the time between 182.7 Ma (million years ago) and 174.1 Ma. It follows the Pliensbachian and is followed by the Aalenian. The Toarc ...

of Strawberry Bank at

Ilminster Ilminster is a minster town and civil parish in the South Somerset district of Somerset, England, with a population of 5,808. Bypassed in 1988, the town now lies just east of the junction of the A303 (London to Exeter) and the A358 (Taunton to ...

(

Somerset ( en, All The People of Somerset) , locator_map = , coordinates = , region = South West England , established_date = Ancient , established_by = , preceded_by = , origin = , lord_lieutenant_office =Lord Lieutenant of Somerset , lor ...

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the European mainland, continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...

) by Cawley ''et al.'' (2019). * A study on the anatomy of ''

Pleuropholis ''Pleuropholis'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish. See also * List of prehistoric bony fish genera This list of prehistoric bony fish is an attempt to create a comprehensive listing of all genera from the fossil record that ...

decastroi'' from the Lower Cretaceous (

Albian The Albian is both an age of the geologic timescale and a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is the youngest or uppermost subdivision of the Early/Lower Cretaceous Epoch/ Series. Its approximate time range is 113.0 ± 1.0 Ma to 100.5 ± ...

) limestones of Pietraroja (

Province of Benevento The Province of Benevento ( it, Provincia di Benevento) is a province in the Campania region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Benevento. Geography The province has an area of 2,071 km2, and, , a total population of 279,308. There are 78 ...

) and on the phylogenetic relationships of the family

Pleuropholidae Pleuropholidae is an extinct family of stem- teleost fish that lived from the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous. It is one of several families that were historically placed in the paraphyletic order Pholidophoriformes. Pleuropholids can be ...

is published by Taverne & Capasso (2019). * A study on the anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of the

teleost Teleostei (; Greek ''teleios'' "complete" + ''osteon'' "bone"), members of which are known as teleosts ), is, by far, the largest infraclass in the class Actinopterygii, the ray-finned fishes, containing 96% of all extant species of fish. Tel ...

species '' Majokia brasseuri'' from the

Middle Jurassic The Middle Jurassic is the second epoch of the Jurassic Period. It lasted from about 174.1 to 163.5 million years ago. Fossils of land-dwelling animals, such as dinosaurs, from the Middle Jurassic are relatively rare, but geological formations ...

Stanleyville Formation Stanleyville may refer to: United States * Stanleyville, North Carolina * Stanleyville, Ohio, an unincorporated community Elsewhere * Stanleyville, Belgian Congo, the former name for Kisangani in the Democratic Republic of the Congo * Stan ...

(

Democratic Republic of the Congo The Democratic Republic of the Congo (french: République démocratique du Congo (RDC), colloquially "La RDC" ), informally Congo-Kinshasa, DR Congo, the DRC, the DROC, or the Congo, and formerly and also colloquially Zaire, is a country in ...

) is published by Taverne (2019), who names a new order Majokiiformes. * A study on the anatomy, jaw mechanics and phylogenetic relationships of ''

Dugaldia emmilta ''Dugaldia'' is a genus of Mesoamerican flowering plants in the sunflower family. Some authors treat this group as part of the larger genus, ''Hymenoxys.'' ; Species * '' Dugaldia integrifolia'' (Kunth) Cass. - central + southern Mexico, Gu ...

'' is published by Cavin & Berrell (2019). * A juvenile specimen of ''

Xiphactinus ''Xiphactinus'' (from Latin and Greek for "sword-ray") is an extinct genus of large (Shimada, Kenshu, and Michael J. Everhart. "Shark-bitten Xiphactinus audax (Teleostei: Ichthyodectiformes) from the Niobrara Chalk (Upper Cretaceous) of Kansas." ...

audax'', representing the smallest specimen of this species reported so far, will be described from the Cretaceous

(

) by King & Super (2019). * A study on the internal structure of a fossil specimen of ''

Notelops ''Notelops'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizatio ...

brama'', investigated by

neutron tomography Neutron tomography is a form of computed tomography involving the production of three-dimensional images by the detection of the absorbance of neutrons produced by a neutron source. It creates a three-dimensional image of an object by combining mu ...

, is published by Pugliesi ''et al.'' (2019). * A study on the anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of ''

Cavenderichthys ''Cavenderichthys talbragarensis'' is a species of prehistoric bony fish found in the Talbragar Fish beds. Recently, it has been placed as a member of Orthogonikleithridae, alongside '' Leptolepides, Orthogonikleithrus ''Orthogonikleithrus ...

talbragarensis'' and '' Waldmanichthys koonwarri'' is published online by Bean & Arratia (2019). * A study on fossils of members of the genus ''

Capoeta ''Capoeta'', also known as scrapers, is a genus of fish in the family Cyprinidae found in Western Asia. The distribution extends from Turkey to the Levant, to Transcaucasia, Iraq, Turkmenistan , in Armenia,particularly in lake Sevan and northern ...

'' from the

Pliocene The Pliocene ( ; also Pleiocene) is the epoch in the geologic time scale that extends from 5.333 million to 2.58Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...

) and on the evolutionary history of this genus is published by Ayvazyan, Vasilyan & Böhme (2019). * Evidence of presence of managed aquaculture of the

common carp The Eurasian carp or European carp (''Cyprinus carpio''), widely known as the common carp, is a widespread freshwater fish of eutrophic waters in lakes and large rivers in Europe and Asia.Fishbase''Cyprinus carpio'' Linnaeus, 1758/ref>Arkive The ...

by around 6000 BC is reported from the Early

Neolithic The Neolithic period, or New Stone Age, is an Old World archaeological period and the final division of the Stone Age. It saw the Neolithic Revolution, a wide-ranging set of developments that appear to have arisen independently in several part ...

Jiahu Jiahu () was the site of a Neolithic settlement based in the central plain of ancient China, near the Yellow River. It is located between the floodplains of the Ni River to the north, and the Sha River to the south, north of the modern city ...

site (China) by Nakajima ''et al.'' (2019). * A study on the morphology of fossil

catfish Catfish (or catfishes; order Siluriformes or Nematognathi) are a diverse group of ray-finned fish. Named for their prominent barbels, which resemble a cat's whiskers, catfish range in size and behavior from the three largest species alive, ...

spines from the

Adamantina Adamantina is a municipality in the state of São Paulo, Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 mi ...

and Marilia formations (

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

) is published by Alves, Bergqvist & Brito (2019). * A study on positions, heading directions and possible behavioural rules used in a group of fossil specimens of '' Erismatopterus levatus'' from the Eocene

Green River Formation The Green River Formation is an Eocene geologic formation that records the sedimentation in a group of intermountain lakes in three basins along the present-day Green River in Colorado, Wyoming, and Utah. The sediments are deposited in very fine ...

is published by Mizumoto, Miyata & Pratt (2019). * Description of

gadiform Gadiformes are an order of ray-finned fish, also called the Anacanthini, that includes the cod. Many major food fish are in this order. They are found in marine waters throughout the world and the vast majority of the species are found in tempe ...

fossils from the

sediments of the Sverdlovsk and Tyumen regions (Ural and Western Siberia,

Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eigh ...

), including fossils of members of the family

Merlucciidae The Merlucciidae, commonly called merluccid hakes , are a family of cod-like fish, including most hakes. available for download at http://www.fao.org They are native to cold water in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, and typically are found at de ...

, is published by Marramà ''et al.'' (2019). * Description of an incomplete percomorph specimen from the

Ixtapa Formation (

), representing the oldest primary freshwater percomorph fish from Mexico reported so far, is published by Cantalice & Alvarado-Ortega (2019). * A study on the evolutionary history of the fish clade

Pelagiaria Scombriformes is an order of bony fish containing nine families which were classified under the suborders Scombroidei and Stromateoidei, of the wider grouping known as Perciformes, ''Fishes of the World'', 5th ed. (2016), recognised the order but ...

is published by Friedman ''et al.'' (2019). * A revision of the nomenclature of extant and fossil

barracuda A barracuda, or cuda for short, is a large, predatory, ray-finned fish known for its fearsome appearance and ferocious behaviour. The barracuda is a saltwater fish of the genus ''Sphyraena'', the only genus in the family Sphyraenidae, which was ...

s is published by Ballen (2019). * A review of the published fossil record of the family Labridae is published by Bellwood ''et al.'' (2019). * A study on the feeding habits of the

percomorph Percomorpha () is a large clade of ray-finned fish that includes the tuna, seahorses, gobies, cichlids, flatfish, wrasse, perches, anglerfish, and pufferfish. Evolution Percomorpha are the most diverse group of teleost fish today. Teleosts, and ...

fish ''

Rhenanoperca ''Rhenanoperca'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived from the early to middle Eocene. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: ...

minuta'' and other fishes from the

Messel pit The Messel pit (german: Grube Messel) is a disused quarry near the village of Messel (Landkreis Darmstadt-Dieburg, Hesse) about southeast of Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Bituminous shale was mined there. Because of its abundance of well-preserve ...

(

) is published by Micklich, Baranov & Wappler (2019). * A study on the phylogenetic relationships of "psarolepid" bony fishes, evaluating which characters cause their different placements in analyses utilizing different methods for reconstructing the tree of life, is published by King (2019). * A study on the ontogeny of the neurocranium and brain in the

West Indian Ocean coelacanth The West Indian Ocean coelacanth (''Latimeria chalumnae'') (sometimes known as gombessa, African coelacanth, or simply coelacanth) is a crossopterygian, one of two extant species of coelacanth, a rare order of vertebrates more closely related to ...

, and on its implications for the knowledge of the evolution of the head of

lobe-finned fishes Sarcopterygii (; ) — sometimes considered synonymous with Crossopterygii () — is a taxon (traditionally a class or subclass) of the bony fishes known as the lobe-finned fishes. The group Tetrapoda, a mostly terrestrial superclass includin ...

, is published by Dutel ''et al.'' (2019). * Redescription of ''

Axelrodichthys ''Axelrodichthys'' is an extinct genus of mawsoniid coelacanth from the Cretaceous of Africa, North and South America, and Europe. Several species are known, the remains of which were discovered in the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian-Albian) of Brazi ...

araripensis'' and a comparative study of several other members of

Mawsoniidae Mawsoniidae is an extinct family of prehistoric coelacanth fishes which lived during the Triassic to Cretaceous periods. Members of the family are distinguished from their sister group, the Latimeriidae (which contains the living coelacanths of ...

is published by Fragoso, Brito & Yabumoto (2019), who transfer the species ''

Mawsonia ''Mawsonia'' may refer to: * ''Mawsonia'' (fish), an extinct genus of prehistoric coelacanth fish which lived during the Cretaceous period * ''Mawsonia'' (fungus), a genus of fungi within the family Lichinaceae {{genus disambiguation ...

lavocati'' to the genus ''Axelrodichthys''. * A study on the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of mawsoniid coelacanths is published by Cavin ''et al.'' (2019). * A study on the skull anatomy of '' Arquatichthys porosus'', focusing on a newly-discovered postparietal shield, is published by Lu & Zhu (2019). * Description of the posterior part of the skull of ''

Tungsenia ''Tungsenia'' is an extinct genus of basal tetrapodomorph bony fish known from the ~409 mya (Early Devonian) of northeastern Yunnan Province, China. Its remains were discovered in the Posongchong Formation. It is the basalmost In phylogenet ...

paradoxa'' is published by Lu ''et al.'' (2019). * New fossil material of ''"

Holoptychius ''Holoptychius'' (from el, όλος , 'whole' and el, πτυχή 'fold') is an extinct genus of porolepiform lobe-finned fish from the Middle Devonian to Carboniferous (Mississippian) periods. It is known from fossils worldwide. The genus w ...

" radiatus''

Newberry Newberry is a surname, a variant of Newbury. Notable people with the surname include: * Booker Newberry III (born 1956), American singer and keyboardist * Brennan Newberry (born, 1990), American professional stock car racing driver * Brian Newber ...

(1889) from the

(

)

Catskill Formation The Devonian Catskill Formation or the Catskill Clastic wedge is a unit of mostly terrestrial sedimentary rock found in Pennsylvania and New York. Minor marine layers exist in this thick rock unit (up to ). It is equivalent to the Hampshire Form ...

(

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania (; (Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, Ma ...

), providing new information on the anatomy of this species, is described by Daeschler, Downs & Matzko (2019), who transfer this species to the

tristichopterid Tristichopterids (Tristichopteridae) were a diverse and successful group of tetrapodomorph fishes living throughout the Middle and Late Devonian. They first appeared in the Eifelian stage of the Middle Devonian. Within the group sizes ranged from ...

genus ''

Langlieria ''Langlieria'' is a genus of prehistoric sarcopterygian (lobe-finned "fish"), from the end of the Devonian period (Famennian). It was discovered in Belgium and Pennsylvania Pennsylvania (; (Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwea ...

''. * A study on the bone

of the

humerus The humerus (; ) is a long bone in the arm that runs from the shoulder to the elbow. It connects the scapula and the two bones of the lower arm, the radius and ulna, and consists of three sections. The humeral upper extremity consists of a roun ...

of ''

Hyneria ''Hyneria'' is a genus of large prehistoric predatory lobe-finned fish which lived in freshwater during the Devonian period around 360 million years ago. Etymology The genus name ''Hyneria'' is a reference to the village of Hyner, Pennsylvania, ...

lindae'' is published by Kamska ''et al.'' (2019). * Description of new fossil material of ''

Edenopteron ''Edenopteron'' is a genus of large tristichopterid fish from the Late Devonian (Famennian) of what is now southeastern Australia. It is known from a single specimen of a single species, ''E. keithcrooki'', described in 2013. Discovery ''Edeno ...

'' from the

(

) Worange Point Formation ( Australia) and a study on the phylogenetic relationships of this taxon is published online by Young ''et al.'' (2019). * A study on the anatomy of the

shoulder girdle The shoulder girdle or pectoral girdle is the set of bones in the appendicular skeleton which connects to the arm on each side. In humans it consists of the clavicle and scapula; in those species with three bones in the shoulder, it consists ...

and opercular series of ''

Gogonasus ''Gogonasus'' (meaning "snout from Gogo") was a lobe-finned fish known from three-dimensionally preserved 380-million-year-old fossils found from the Gogo Formation in Western Australia. It lived in the Late Devonian period, on what was once a ...

andrewsae'' is published by Hu, Young & Lu (2019). * A historical review of the fossil record of

tetrapod Tetrapods (; ) are four-limb (anatomy), limbed vertebrate animals constituting the superclass Tetrapoda (). It includes extant taxon, extant and extinct amphibians, sauropsids (reptiles, including dinosaurs and therefore birds) and synapsids (p ...

s and basal

tetrapodomorphs The Tetrapodomorpha (also known as Choanata) are a clade of vertebrates consisting of tetrapods (four-limbed vertebrates) and their closest sarcopterygian relatives that are more closely related to living tetrapods than to living lungfish. Advanc ...

from East

Gondwana Gondwana () was a large landmass, often referred to as a supercontinent, that formed during the late Neoproterozoic (about 550 million years ago) and began to break up during the Jurassic period (about 180 million years ago). The final st ...

(Australasia, Antarctica) is published by

Long Long may refer to: Measurement * Long, characteristic of something of great duration * Long, characteristic of something of great length * Longitude (abbreviation: long.), a geographic coordinate * Longa (music), note value in early music mensu ...

, Clement & Choo (2019), who also present preliminary findings on the anatomy of the canowindrid ''

Koharalepis ''Koharalepis'' is a prehistoric lobe-finned fish which lived during the Devonian The Devonian ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the Silurian, million years ago (My ...

jarviki'' based on synchrotron scan data. * A study on the anatomy of fossil coelacanth lungs, on accessory air-breathing structures in fossil fishes and

stem Stem or STEM may refer to: Plant structures * Plant stem, a plant's aboveground axis, made of vascular tissue, off which leaves and flowers hang * Stipe (botany), a stalk to support some other structure * Stipe (mycology), the stem of a mushr ...

-tetrapods, and on the evolution of air breathing is published by Cupello, Clément & Brito (2019). * A study on patterns of tooth replacement in ''

Onychodus ''Onychodus'' (, from Greek meaning "claw-tooth") is a genus of prehistoric lobe-finned fish which lived during the Devonian period (Eifelian - Famennian stages, around 374 to 397 million years ago). It is one of the best known of the group of ...

jandemarrai'', ''

Eusthenopteron ''Eusthenopteron'' (from el, εὖ , 'good', el, σθένος , 'strength', and el, πτερόν 'wing' or 'fin') is a genus of prehistoric sarcopterygian (often called lobe-finned fishes) which has attained an iconic status from its clos ...

foordi'', ''

Tiktaalik ''Tiktaalik'' (; Inuktitut ) is a monospecific genus of extinct sarcopterygian (lobe-finned fish) from the Late Devonian Period, about 375 Mya (million years ago), having many features akin to those of tetrapods (four-legged animals). It may ha ...

roseae'' and in extant

is published by Doeland ''et al.'' (2019). * A study on changes of the skeletal anatomy of the pelvic and pectoral appendages during the transition from fins to limbs in vertebrate evolution, as indicated by data from fossil lobe-finned fishes and early tetrapods, is published by Esteve-Altava ''et al.'' (2019). * A study on the anatomy of dermal rays in

pectoral fins Fins are distinctive anatomical features composed of bony spines or rays protruding from the body of a fish. They are covered with skin and joined together either in a webbed fashion, as seen in most bony fish, or similar to a flipper, as s ...

of ''

Sauripterus ''Sauripterus'' ("lizard wing") is a genus of rhizodont lobe-finned fish that lived during the Devonian The Devonian ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the Siluria ...

taylori'', ''

foordi'' and ''

roseae'', evaluating its implications for the knowledge of the evolution of dermal rays in early members of

Tetrapodomorpha The Tetrapodomorpha (also known as Choanata) are a clade of vertebrates consisting of tetrapods (four-limbed vertebrates) and their closest sarcopterygian relatives that are more closely related to living tetrapods than to living lungfish. Advanc ...

prior to the origin of digits, is published online by Stewart ''et al.'' (2019). * A study on the evolution of the branchiostegal ray series in the skull of bony fishes, as indicated by data from extant and fossil taxa, is published by Ascarrunz ''et al.'' (2019). * A study on the origin and evolution of acellular bone (bone without

osteocytes An osteocyte, an oblate shaped type of bone cell with dendritic processes, is the most commonly found cell in mature bone. It can live as long as the organism itself. The adult human body has about 42 billion of them. Osteocytes do not divide and ...

) in fossil and extant actinopterygian fishes is published by Davesne ''et al.'' (2019). * A diverse fish assemblage is reported from the Carboniferous (upper

Pennsylvanian Pennsylvanian may refer to: * A person or thing from Pennsylvania * Pennsylvanian (geology) The Pennsylvanian ( , also known as Upper Carboniferous or Late Carboniferous) is, in the International Commission on Stratigraphy, ICS geologic timesca ...

) Horquilla Formation (

New Mexico ) , population_demonym = New Mexican ( es, Neomexicano, Neomejicano, Nuevo Mexicano) , seat = Santa Fe, New Mexico, Santa Fe , LargestCity = Albuquerque, New Mexico, Albuquerque , LargestMetro = Albuquerque metropolitan area, Tiguex , Offi ...

) by Ivanov &

Lucas Lucas or LUCAS may refer to: People * Lucas (surname) * Lucas (given name) Arts and entertainment * Luca Family Singers, also known as "lucas ligner en torsk" * ''Lucas'' (album) (2007), an album by Skeletons and the Kings of All Cities * ''Luc ...

(2019). * A study on the diversity and ecology of

Triassic The Triassic ( ) is a geologic period and system which spans 50.6 million years from the end of the Permian Period 251.902 million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Jurassic Period 201.36 Mya. The Triassic is the first and shortest period ...

fish assemblages from the Villány Hills (

Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croa ...

) is published by Szabó, Botfalvai & Osi (2019). *

Cretaceous The Cretaceous ( ) is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya). It is the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era, as well as the longest. At around 79 million years, it is the longest geological period of ...

(probably

Barremian The Barremian is an age in the geologic timescale (or a chronostratigraphic stage) between 129.4 ± 1.5 Ma ( million years ago) and 121.4 ± 1.0 Ma). It is a subdivision of the Early Cretaceous Epoch (or Lower Cretaceous Series). It is pre ...

–

Aptian The Aptian is an age in the geologic timescale or a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is a subdivision of the Early or Lower Cretaceous Epoch or Series and encompasses the time from 121.4 ± 1.0 Ma to 113.0 ± 1.0 Ma (million years ag ...

) fish fossils with strong affinities with Early Cretaceous faunas of

Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is b ...

are described from

Pahang Pahang (; Jawi: , Pahang Hulu Malay: ''Paha'', Pahang Hilir Malay: ''Pahaeng'', Ulu Tembeling Malay: ''Pahaq)'' officially Pahang Darul Makmur with the Arabic honorific ''Darul Makmur'' (Jawi: , "The Abode of Tranquility") is a sultanate and ...

(

Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...

) by Teng ''et al.'' (2019). * Description of a freshwater fish assemblage from the Cretaceous (

- Cenomanian) Açu Formation (

) is published by Veiga, Bergqvist & Brito (2019). * Description of

(

Bartonian The Bartonian is, in the ICS's geologic time scale, a stage or age in the middle Eocene Epoch or Series. The Bartonian Age spans the time between . It is preceded by the Lutetian and is followed by the Priabonian Age. Stratigraphic defin ...

) fish fauna from the Luna de Sus locality (

Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Moldova to the east, a ...

) is published by Trif, Codrea & Arghiuș (2019). * A study on the composition of the

otolith An otolith ( grc-gre, ὠτο-, ' ear + , ', a stone), also called statoconium or otoconium or statolith, is a calcium carbonate structure in the saccule or utricle of the inner ear, specifically in the vestibular system of vertebrates. The s ...

assemblage from the Santa Barbara Basin near the coast of

California California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the ...

over the preceding two millennia is published by Jones & Checkley (2019). * A study on the evolution of the herbivorous coral reef fishes, as indicated by data from extant and fossil species, is published by Siqueira, Bellwood & Cowman (2019).

References

{{Reflist, 2 2019 in paleontology 2010s in paleontology 2019 in science