The 1991 Southeast Asian Games, officially known as the 16th Southeast Asian Games, were a multi-sport event held in

Manila Manila, officially the City of Manila, is the Capital of the Philippines, capital and second-most populous city of the Philippines after Quezon City, with a population of 1,846,513 people in 2020. Located on the eastern shore of Manila Bay on ...

, the

Philippines The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot ...

, from 24 November to 5 December 1991, with 28 sports featured in the games. This was the second time that the country hosted the games and its first since

1981 Events January * January 1 ** Greece enters the European Economic Community, predecessor of the European Union. ** Palau becomes a self-governing territory. * January 6 – A funeral service is held in West Germany for Nazi Grand Admiral ...

. It was officially opened by President

Corazon Aquino María Corazón "Cory" Sumulong Cojuangco-Aquino (; January 25, 1933 – August 1, 2009) was a Filipino politician who served as the 11th president of the Philippines and the first woman president in the country, from Presidency of Corazon ...

at the Rizal Memorial Stadium in Manila through a colorful opening ceremony. It was the only SEA Games at that time where the overall championship was heavily contested. The deciding medal came from the last sporting event - women's marathon where

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...

got the gold medal. Four sports (archery, canoeing, sailing, and triathlon) were held in venues in

Subic Bay Subic Bay is a bay on the west coast of the island of Luzon in the Philippines, about northwest of Manila Bay. An extension of the South China Sea, its shores were formerly the site of a major United States Navy facility, U.S. Naval Base Subi ...

. Fourteen years after the 1991 SEA Games, the country hosted the 2005 SEA Games. Another 14 years later, the Philippines hosted the 2019 SEA Games, which is the first that the event took place in the whole country. The logo of 1991 Southeast Asian Games was designed by Ernesto A. Calaguas. The mascot for the Games is a colorful fowl called Kiko Labuyo.

The games

Participating nations

* * * * * * (Host) * * *

Sports

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Medal table

;Key

Concerns and controversies

Southeast Asian Games 1991 stamp of the Philippines 3

;Reduction of gold medals The Philippines should have tallied a total of 91 gold medals, but one of the gold medals from boxing was proclaimed unofficial. The said gold medal should have been fought by a Filipino boxer against a Thai boxer, but the latter was found positive in the doping tests. The gold medal was, at first, given to the Philippines, but after a few days, the SEAG Organizing Committee declared that there will be no gold and silver medalists for the said event in boxing because there was no battle fought.

Main official host television broadcasting

References

External links

History of the SEA Games
* SEA Games by year 1991 in multi-sport events Southeast Asian Games, 1991

Southeast Asian Games The Southeast Asian Games, commonly known as SEA Games is a biennial multi-sport event involving participants from the current 11 countries of Southeast Asia. The games are under the regulation of the Southeast Asian Games Federation with sup ...

Sports in Manila Multi-sport events in the Philippines

20th century in Manila {{SEAsianGames-stub