1991 Chicago Mayoral Election

The Chicago mayoral election of 1991 resulted in the re-election of incumbent Democrat Richard M. Daley to his first full four-year term. Daley had previously been elected to serve the remainder of Harold Washington's unexpired term in a special election held following Washington's death in office.

Daley won by a landslide 44 point margin. His most significant opponent in general election was Harold Washington Party nominee R. Eugene Pincham. Other candidates were Republican candidate George Gottlieb and Socialist Workers Party nominee James Warren, both of whom performed poorly in the vote count.

The Democratic Party, Republican Party, and the Harold Washington Party all held primary elections for their nominations. Daley easily won the Democratic primary, receiving more than 63.01% of the vote and placing more than thirty-points ahead of the runner-up, then-Cook County commissioner Danny K. Davis. Former mayor Jane Byrne made a distant third-place finish in the Democratic primary, receiving less than 5.90% of the vote. In the Republican primary, which saw participation by a dismal 10,204 voters, George S. Gotlieb, a police sergeant, defeated candidate Alfred Walter Balciunas and radio executive Pervis Spann by a large double-digit margin. James R. Hutchison won the Harold Washington Party primary as a write-in candidate as a formality to secure the party ballot status in the general election. Afterwards, he stepped aside to allow the party's vice chairman, Illinois Appellate Court Judge Pincham, to become the party's nominee

Democratic primary

*Richard M. Daley, incumbent mayor since 1989
*Jane Byrne, former mayor (1979–1983)
* Danny Davis, member of the Cook County Board of Commissioners

;Declined to run
The following individuals received speculation as prospective candidates, but did not run:
*Eugene Sawyer, former mayor (1987–1989)

Campaigning

Daley handily won the Democratic nomination, fending off challenges from then-county commissioner Danny K. Davis and former mayor Jane Byrne.

Daley announced on December 10, 1990, that he would seek reelection. The following day Daley held a fundraiser at the Hyatt Regency Chicago which raised more than a million dollars for his campaign. This, when added to his existing campaign funds, meant that by the third day of his candidacy he already had 2 million dollars in funding. Neither of his competitors could come anywhere remotely near him in fundraising. Daley –who had won a special election in 1989– was the strong frontrunner for the 1991 Democratic nomination. A poll conducted by the ''Chicago Sun-Times'' in November 1990 showed that 58% of Chicagoan's had positive views of his performance as mayor. A Southtown Economist poll conducted after his campaign announcement showed him with a 61% approval rating, and also showed him to be polling at a 2 to 1 margin over his closest challenger, Danny Davis. Daley benefited from a variety of factors, including solid voting blocs supporting his candidacy, his strong managerial style as mayor, and lack of public interest in local politics amid the Gulf War, which assisted Daley's hopes to have a low-profile campaign.

Davis and Byrne hoped they would be able to debate Daley. However, Daley declined to participate in any debates.

Davis had been selected as a "consensus" black candidate at a closed-door meeting held November 19, 1990 at the Hyde Park Hilton between 126 of Chicago's African-American leaders. They voted 66–60 to support Davis over a prospective run by former mayor Eugene Sawyer. While Davis had planned to campaign in all areas of the city, his funds were too limited to support a citywide campaign, requiring him to focus on select neighborhoods. Late in the primary, Tyrone Crider, the national executive director of Operation PUSH, characterized the Davis campaign as a "slow movement" because it had "failed to take the time necessary to meet and consult with the lackreligious and business community." Both Crider and PUSH founder Jesse Jackson became upset when Davis disparaged a number of black ministers that had supported Daley as being " Uncle Toms".

Byrne's campaign was hampered by her inability to raise funds. Her campaign was considered to be rather weak, and received no support from any significant community or business leaders. During her run, she argued that Chicago's, "deserved better leadership in City Hall". She attempted to provoke Daley into publicly fueding with her, but he did not take her bait. Chicago Sun-Times writer Steve Neal referred to Byrne as the Norma Desmond of Chicago politics, meaning that she was delusional in her belief that she could stage a comeback. In her 1991 campaign, Byrne was observed to be most comfortable when campaigning in the African-American community.

Perennial candidate Sheila A. Jones had also run in the previous two elections' Democratic primaries. She was a supporter of the LaRouche movement.

Daley was endorsed in the primary by the editorial board of the ''Chicago Tribune''.

Results

Black turnout was lower in the 1991 primary than it had been in the 1989 primary. Daley's share among black voters was ultimately higher than analysts had anticipated, with Daley securing double-digit support.

Due to the contest being overshadowed by the Gulf War, and due to voter apathy towards the election as a result of Daley's overwhelming lead in the polls, turnout was considered low, at under 48%. This was believed to have been among the lowest turnouts in fifty years for a mayoral primary in Chicago.

Daley set a new record for the largest margin of victory in a Democratic primary, surpassing the previous record (set by his father in 1975). Daley's performance in the primary was perceived as placing him an unbeatable position to win the general election, with Chicago being an overwhelmingly Democratic city, and the Democratic nomination being widely considered as tantamount to election. Even though he was likely to face a third-party African-American opponent, this was not seen as enough to prevent his victory (especially considering that, as a candidate, Davis had not been able to pose much of a challenge to Daley in the primary).

Results by ward

Daley won a majority of the vote in 31 wards and Davis won a majority of the vote in the remaining 19 wards.

Results by ward

Republican primary

George S. Gotlieb defeated Alfred Walter Balciunas and WVON executive Pervis Spann in the Republican primary . Gotlieb, a police sergeant, was not well-known. Gottlieb was endorsed in the primary by the editorial board of the ''Chicago Tribune''.

Brette X. New had also been running initially, but withdrew.

Results

Results by ward

Results by ward

Harold Washington Party primary

James R. Hutchinson, who won the party primary, withdrew after winning, stepping aside for R. Eugene Pincham to assume the nomination. Hutchison was the vice-chairman of the Harold Washington Party.

When he won the nomination, Hutchinson ran for mayor in the party's primary as a write-in candidate so that the party could have a mayoral candidate, thus ensuring that the party would maintain its place on the ballot in the general election, as Illinois law required parties to run full-slates. His strategy was to win enough write-in votes to secure the party's nomination as a write-in, but not to take too many voters away from the Democratic primary in fears of otherwise hurting Davis` chances against Daley. Danny K. Davis had been in November 1991 by black leaders as a ''consensus'' African-American candidate to challenge Daley for mayor in the Democratic primary, and was backed by the Harold Washington Party during his Democratic primary campaign. Hutchinson stated before the Democratic primary that if Davis did not beat Daley, Hutchison would immediately withdraw from the Washington Party ticket to allow a stronger candidate to run in the general election with assurances from Davis that he would support such a candidate. After Davis lost to Daley in the Democratic primary, Hutchison kept his promise, stepped aside, and allowed Pincham to be the Harold Washington Party candidate for mayor. Pincham was a former appellate judge who had left the Democratic Party after losing its 1990 nomination for Cook County Board President to Richard Phelan.

Socialist Workers nomination

The Socialist Workers Party nominated 1988 presidential candidate James Warren.

General election

Having no significant general election opponents, Daley's campaign activity was relatively minimal. He utilized strong field operations in the city's wards and distributed issue briefing papers.

Daley declined to participate in any debates.

Results

Daley won by a large margin.

Daley received roughly 25% of the African-American vote.

Daley won a majority in 31 of the city's wards, with Pincham winning a majority in the remaining 19 wards.

Results by ward

References

{{Mayors of Chicago, state=collapsed

1991
Chicago
1991 Illinois elections
1991 in Chicago
Richard M. Daley