Events of

1990 Important events of 1990 include the Reunification of Germany and the unification of Yemen, the formal beginning of the Human Genome Project (finished in 2003), the launch of the Hubble Space Telescope, the separation of Namibia from South ...

Colombia Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with Insular region of Colombia, insular regions in North America. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuel ...

Incumbents

President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Film and television *'' Præsident ...

: **

Virgilio Barco Vargas Virgilio Barco Vargas (17 September 1921 – 20 May 1997) was a Colombian politician and civil engineer who served as the 27th President of Colombia serving from 7 August 1986 to 7 August 1990. Early life Barco was born in Cúcuta in the No ...

(1986–7 August 1990). **

César Gaviria César Augusto Gaviria Trujillo ( ; born 31 March 1947) is a Colombian economist and politician who served as the President of Colombia from 1990 to 1994, Secretary General of the Organization of American States from 1994 to 2004 and National D ...

(7 August 1990–1994). *

Vice President A vice president or vice-president, also director in British English, is an officer in government or business who is below the president (chief executive officer) in rank. It can also refer to executive vice presidents, signifying that the vi ...

: ** N/A.The Office of the Vice President was officially abolished by the 1905 National Constituent Assembly on 28 March 1905, and it was only reinstituted after the ratification of the new 1991 Constitution and filled in the following presidential elections in 1994.

Events

Ongoing

Colombian conflict The Colombian conflict () began on May 27, 1964, and is a low-intensity asymmetric war between the government of Colombia, far-right paramilitary groups, crime syndicates and far-left guerrilla groups fighting each other to increase their i ...

. * Massacre of Trujillo.

January

* 14 January –

Fidel Castaño Fidel Antonio Castaño Gil Rambo (August 8, 1951 – January 6, 1994) was a Colombian drug lord and paramilitary who was among the founders of Los Pepes and the Peasant Self-Defense Forces of Cordoba and Uraba (ACCU), a paramilitary group whi ...

orders the ''Los Tangueros'' paramilitary group to commit the Pueblo Bello Massacre. They loot houses, round up peasants in the town square, select 43 men and boys to kidnap, and torture them. Of the 43 kidnapped, 6 are murdered, and the 37 others are '

disappeared An enforced disappearance (or forced disappearance) is the secret abduction or imprisonment of a person with the support or acquiescence of a state followed by a refusal to acknowledge the person's fate or whereabouts with the intent of placing ...

* 25 January –

Avianca Flight 052 Avianca Flight 052 was a regularly scheduled flight from Bogotá, Colombia, to New York City, United States, via Medellín, Colombia, that crashed on January 25, 1990, at 21:34 ( UTC−05:00). The Boeing 707 flying this route ran out of fuel ...

: 73 people die after an

Avianca Avianca S.A. (acronym in Spanish for ''Aerovias de Colombia S.A.'', "Airways of Colombia", and stylized as avianca since October 2023) is the largest airline in Colombia. It has been the flag carrier of Colombia since December 5, 1919, when it ...

plane flying from

Medellín Medellín ( ; or ), officially the Special District of Science, Technology and Innovation of Medellín (), is the List of cities in Colombia, second-largest city in Colombia after Bogotá, and the capital of the department of Antioquia Departme ...

New York City New York, often called New York City (NYC), is the most populous city in the United States, located at the southern tip of New York State on one of the world's largest natural harbors. The city comprises five boroughs, each coextensive w ...

United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...

crashes in Cove Neck,

New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York New York may also refer to: Places United Kingdom * ...

February

* 15 February –

U.S. president The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States. The president directs the Federal government of the United States#Executive branch, executive branch of the Federal government of t ...

George H. W. Bush George Herbert Walker BushBefore the outcome of the 2000 United States presidential election, he was usually referred to simply as "George Bush" but became more commonly known as "George H. W. Bush", "Bush Senior," "Bush 41," and even "Bush th ...

, president of Colombia Virgilio Barco,

president of Peru The president of Peru (), officially the constitutional president of the Republic of Peru (), is the head of state and head of government of Peru. The president is the head of the executive branch and is the supreme head of the Peruvian Armed ...

Alan García Alan Gabriel Ludwig García Pérez (; 23 May 1949 – 17 April 2019) was a Peruvian politician who served as President of Peru for two non-consecutive terms from 1985 to 1990 and from 2006 to 2011. He was the second leader of the American Popula ...

, and

president of Bolivia The president of Bolivia (), officially known as the president of the Plurinational State of Bolivia (), is head of state and head of government of Bolivia and the captain general of the Armed Forces of Bolivia. According to the Bolivian C ...

Jaime Paz Zamora Jaime Paz Zamora (born 15 April 1939) is a former Bolivian politician who served as the 60th president of Bolivia from 1989 to 1993. He also served as the 32nd vice president of Bolivia from October 1982 to December 1984 during the presidency ...

attend a summit in Cartagena on combating

drug trafficking A drug is any chemical substance other than a nutrient or an essential dietary ingredient, which, when administered to a living organism, produces a biological effect. Consumption of drugs can be via inhalation, injection, smoking, ingestion, ...

. * 26 February – Journalist Silvia Duzán is assassinated during the Third Cimitarra Massacre in Cimitarra, Santander alongside Josué Vargas, Miguel Ángel Barajas, and Saúl Castañeda.

March

* 11 March – 1990 Colombian parliamentary election. * 22 March –

Bernardo Jaramillo Ossa Bernardo Jaramillo Ossa (born September 2, 1956 in Manizales, Caldas, died in Bogotá, Cundinamarca on March 22, 1990) was a Colombian politician and member of the Colombian Communist Party. Jaramillo started working primarily in the Urabá ...

is assassinated.

April

* 26 April –

Carlos Pizarro Leongómez Carlos Pizarro Leongómez (6 June 1951 – 26 April 1990) was a Colombian guerilla leader and politician who was the fourth commander of the 19th of April Movement (, or M-19). Pizarro oversaw the demobilization of M-19 that transformed the gue ...

is assassinated.

May

* 13 May: ** Two car bombs explode in

Bogotá Bogotá (, also , , ), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santa Fe de Bogotá (; ) during the Spanish Imperial period and between 1991 and 2000, is the capital city, capital and largest city ...

, killing 19 people and injuring 143. ** A car bomb explodes in

Cali Santiago de Cali (), or Cali, is the capital of the Valle del Cauca department, and the most populous city in southwest Colombia, with 2,280,522 residents estimate by National Administrative Department of Statistics, DANE in 2023. The city span ...

, killing 6 and injuring 25. * 27 May: **

1990 Colombian presidential election Presidential elections were held in Colombia on 27 May 1990.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume II'', p306 In an election tarnished by violence, the result was a victory for César Gaviria of the Liberal P ...

** May 1990 Colombian Constitutional Assembly referendum

June

* 1 June – A formal complaint is filed by

Americas Watch Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization that conducts research and advocacy on human rights. Headquartered in New York City, the group investigates and reports on issues including war crimes, crimes against ...

with

Carla Hills Carla Anderson Hills (born January 3, 1934) is an American lawyer and former government official. A member of the Republican Party, she previously served as the 5th United States secretary of housing and urban development under President Gerald F ...

, the

US Trade Representative The Office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR) is an agency of the United States federal government responsible for developing and promoting United States foreign trade policies. Part of the Executive Office of the President, it i ...

, questioning Colombia's eligibility for trade benefits under the

Generalized System of Preferences The Generalized System of Preferences, or GSP, is a preferential tariff system which provides tariff reduction on various products. The concept of GSP is very different from the concept of " most favored nation" (MFN). MFN status provides equal tr ...

on the basis of labor rights violations and unionist persecution. * 23 June – Porto bar massacre.

July

* 13-15 July – 1990 South American Junior Championships in Athletics. * 25 July – The first leg of the

1989 Copa Interamericana The 1989 Copa Interamericana was the 12th. edition of the Copa Interamericana. The final was contested by Colombian club Atlético Nacional (champion of 1989 Copa Libertadores) and Mexican club Club Universidad Nacional (mostly known as "UNAM", win ...

is held at

Atanasio Girardot Manuel Atanasio Girardot Díaz (2 May 1791 – 30 September 1813) was a Neogranadine military officer and one of the heroes of the Colombian War of Independence, Colombian and Venezuelan War of Independence, Venezuelan wars of Independence. H ...

. Colombia's

Atlético Nacional Atlético Nacional S. A., best known as Atlético Nacional, is a Colombian professional football club based in Medellín. The club is one of only three clubs to have played in every first division tournament in the country's history, the other ...

beats México's

UNAM The National Autonomous University of Mexico (, UNAM) is a public research university in Mexico. It has several campuses in Mexico City, and many others in various locations across Mexico, as well as a presence in nine countries. It also has 34 ...

2 to 0.

August

* 1 August – The second leg of the

is held at Olímpico Universitario Stadium in

Mexico City Mexico City is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Mexico, largest city of Mexico, as well as the List of North American cities by population, most populous city in North America. It is one of the most important cultural and finan ...

México Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders the United States to the north, and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast; while having maritime boundar ...

. Colombia's

beats México's

4 to 1.

September

* 19 September – Marina Montoya is kidnapped. * 25 September – Los Cocos farm massacre: Armed men in military uniforms kill 26 people playing soccer at a ranch in Candelaria, Valle del Cauca.

October

* 12 October – Community leaders from the Aguablanca district of

Francisco Sapizábal, Luis Cuazquer, and Jorge Ocampo are “disappeared”. Their bodies are found, shot and tortured, in the

Cauca river The Cauca River () is a river in Colombia that lies between the Occidental and Central cordilleras. From its headwaters in southwestern Colombia near the city of Popayán, it joins the Magdalena River near Magangué in Bolívar Department, an ...

on the 16th.

November

* 11 November – Miss Colombia 1990 is held in Cartagena; Miss Atlántico Maribel Gutiérrez wins.

December

* 9 December – 1990 Colombian Constitutional Assembly election.

Births

*1 April –

Juan Bravo Juan Bravo de Lagunas y Mendoza (c. 1483, Atienza–24 April 1521, Villalar de los Comuneros) was a Castilian Nobleman and one of the leaders of the rebel Comuneros, the local councils that rebelled against Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, Em ...

, footballer. *9 June – Andrés Arroyave, footballer (d. 2018).

Deaths

*25 January –

Diana Turbay Diana Consuelo Turbay Quintero (March 9, 1950 – January 25, 1991) was a Colombian journalist kidnapped by the Medellín Cartel and killed during a botched rescue attempt. Her story has been portrayed in a non-fiction book by Gabriel García ...

, journalist (b. 1950). *26 February – Silvia Duzán, journalist (b. 1960). *27 February – Alberto Dow, writer (b. 1923). *22 March –

, politician (b. 1956). *26 April –

, politician (b. 1952).

Notes

References

External links

*
Human Rights Watch World Report 1990: Colombia
{{South America topic, 1990 in, state=collapsed 1990 in Colombia 1990 by country 1990s in Colombia Years of the 20th century in Colombia 1990 in South America